CN116592632A - Preparation device and preparation method of alloy material - Google Patents
Preparation device and preparation method of alloy material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116592632A CN116592632A CN202310545107.3A CN202310545107A CN116592632A CN 116592632 A CN116592632 A CN 116592632A CN 202310545107 A CN202310545107 A CN 202310545107A CN 116592632 A CN116592632 A CN 116592632A
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- electric heating
- heating furnace
- iron ore
- fixedly connected
- refining
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 390
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 195
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 229910001021 Ferroalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 81
- 238000006213 oxygenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims 11
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims 11
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims 11
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims 11
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims 11
- 238000007917 intracranial administration Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000640 Fe alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001325 element alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002843 nonmetals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002058 ternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B11/00—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces
- C21B11/10—Making pig-iron other than in blast furnaces in electric furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/12—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in electric furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/06—Crucible or pot furnaces heated electrically, e.g. induction crucible furnaces with or without any other source of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/0806—Charging or discharging devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B14/20—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
- F27B2014/002—Smelting process, e.g. sequences to melt a specific material
- F27B2014/004—Process involving a smelting step, e.g. vaporisation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation device and a preparation method of an alloy material, which relate to the technical field of ferroalloy material preparation, and the preparation device of the alloy material comprises an electric heating melting furnace; the furnace cover arranged on the electric heating furnace and the support arranged below the electric heating furnace and used for supporting the electric heating furnace are provided with a mixing and conveying unit, iron ore powder and carbon powder can be primarily mixed in the spiral sheet, the carbon powder can be uniformly assisted to melt the iron ore powder, the spiral sheet can also serve as a sealing device when conveying, heat in a impurity removing cavity at the upper part of the electric heating furnace is prevented from being dissipated through the carbon powder and the iron ore powder, namely, a feeding barrel, so that heat loss is caused, and a large amount of heat is prevented from impacting in the feeding barrel and the iron ore powder in the feeding barrel is melted in advance to cause blockage of the carbon powder and the iron ore powder.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ferroalloy material preparation, in particular to a preparation device and a preparation method of an alloy material.
Background
The alloy is a mixture with metal characteristics synthesized by two or more metals and metals or non-metals through a certain method. Typically by fusion into a homogeneous liquid and solidification. According to the number of the constituent elements, the alloy can be divided into binary alloy, ternary alloy and multi-element alloy, and the iron alloy refers to intermediate alloy composed of iron and one or more elements, and is mainly used for steel smelting.
When the ferroalloy material is prepared, firstly, iron ore is crushed, refined and milled, then ore dressing is carried out, the iron ore is screened and then is divided into a plurality of batches with different impurity contents, then the batches are put into an electric melting furnace, then carbon powder and dolomite powder are added into the electric melting furnace, the carbon powder can raise the temperature in the electric melting furnace and provide reducing substances C, the dolomite powder can prevent molten iron after melting from adhering to the inner wall of the electric melting furnace, and at least the following problems need to be improved in the process:
when mineral separation is carried out, iron ore powder with different impurity contents is put into the same melting furnace to be melted, the melting quality and effect are naturally different, and the corresponding iron ore powder melting mode cannot be selected according to the iron ore powder with different impurity contents;
when the ferroalloy material is prepared, firstly, the iron ore powder is melted and then refined, the iron ore powder is poured out and then poured into a refining furnace for refining after being melted, the process not only needs manual replacement or mechanical replacement, but also has a large amount of heat overflows in the process, and the iron ore powder needs to be heated again after being put into the refining furnace, so that the economic benefit is low;
when the iron ore powder is melted, the iron ore powder is directly poured into the electric melting furnace, and the iron ore powder enters the electric melting furnace and is piled together, so that the melting efficiency of the iron ore powder is affected.
For this purpose, a device and a method for producing an alloy material are proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation device and a preparation method of an alloy material, which are used for solving the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an alloy material preparation device and a preparation method thereof comprise an electric heating melting furnace;
the furnace cover is arranged on the electric heating furnace and used for cleaning waste, and the bracket is arranged below the electric heating furnace and used for supporting the electric heating furnace;
the electric heater is arranged at the bottom in the electric heating furnace, a heat conducting plate is fixedly connected in the electric heating furnace, the heat conducting plate divides the inner cavity of the electric heating furnace into a impurity removing cavity above the heat conducting plate and a refining cavity below the heat conducting plate, an outlet is formed in the heat conducting plate, and an exhaust port is formed in the upper part of the inner side wall of the refining cavity.
Preferably, the mixing and conveying unit comprises a feeding cylinder, the feeding cylinder penetrates through the central side wall of the upper end of the electric heating furnace and is fixedly connected with the feeding cylinder, a main shaft is fixedly connected to the feeding cylinder in a penetrating mode, the motor is fixedly connected to the upper end of the main shaft, the motor is placed on a spring support and hanger, the spring support and hanger is fixedly connected to the upper end face of the electric heating furnace, a spiral sheet is fixedly connected to the main shaft in an area in the feeding cylinder, and the spiral sheet is sealed with the inner wall of the feeding cylinder and is rotatably connected.
Preferably, the feeding cylinder is penetrated and extended and fixedly connected with a large pipe connected with the iron ore powder conveying pipeline, the large pipe is adjacently provided with a small pipe connected with the carbon powder pipeline, and the small pipe is penetrated and extended and fixedly connected with the side wall of the upper end of the feeding cylinder.
Preferably, the feeding cylinder bottom fixedly connected with stationary blade, the stationary blade is issued and is provided with the centrifugal piece, centrifugal piece up end outward flange is annular equidistant fixedly connected with slide bar, the slide bar upper end runs through and stretches out stationary blade and sliding connection, the main shaft runs through and stretches out centrifugal piece and swing joint, centrifugal piece up end center swing joint has a control cylinder, fixedly connected with square gag lever post on the main shaft, square gag lever post runs through and stretches into the control cylinder and with control cylinder sliding connection, control cylinder lateral wall is a plurality of centrifugal poles of annular equidistant fixedly connected with, the centrifugal piece adopts high temperature resistant insulating material to make.
Preferably, the inner wall of the part of the centrifugal piece penetrated by the main shaft is provided with an inclined ring groove, the main shaft is fixedly connected with a bulge, and the bulge stretches into the inclined ring groove and is movably connected with the inclined ring groove.
Preferably, a riser is fixedly connected to the main shaft, a scraper is fixedly connected to the bottom of the riser, a plurality of leakage plates are arranged above the scraper at equal intervals, the leakage plates are fixedly connected with the riser, leakage holes are densely formed in each leakage plate, the inner diameters of the leakage holes in the leakage plates are the same, the leakage plates are arranged from top to bottom, the leakage holes of each layer of leakage plates are sequentially reduced from top to bottom, the minimum inner diameter of each leakage hole is larger than the standard diameter of iron ore powder and carbon powder fed into the cranium, a waste containing cavity is formed in the upper end face of one leakage plate on the uppermost layer of the riser, and fine holes with diameters smaller than the standard diameters of the iron ore powder and the carbon powder are formed in the riser.
Preferably, a refining cylinder is arranged in a refining cavity in the electric heating furnace, the main shaft penetrates through and extends out of the refining cylinder and is fixedly connected with the refining cylinder, the lower end of the main shaft penetrates and extends out of the bottom of the refining cavity and is in sealed rotating connection, an oxygenation cavity is formed in the lower end of the main shaft, a square channel is arranged in the refining cylinder, a plurality of through holes for gas to pass through are formed in the upper end of the oxygenation cavity and the adjacent side wall of the square channel, a plurality of stirring rods are fixedly connected with the outer wall of the refining cylinder, and oxygenation holes are formed in gaps of the stirring rods on the refining cylinder.
Preferably, the refining barrel is square, the upper end of the square channel is hinged with a heat-resistant sheet, the hinge point of the heat-resistant sheet is positioned in an adjacent area below the through hole, the through hole and the air outlet are positioned on the same horizontal line, and a torsion spring is arranged at the hinge point of the heat-resistant sheet.
Preferably, two conducting strips are embedded in the inner wall of the square channel, the conducting strips are communicated with the terminal emergency alarm system, a metal strip is fixedly connected to the heat-resistant strip, the metal strip and the conducting strip are arranged on an arc-shaped movement path taking a hinge shaft of the heat-resistant strip as an axis, and in an initial state, the heat-resistant strip is inclined at an angle of fifteen degrees under the torsional stress of a torsion spring.
Preferably, a preparation method of the alloy material comprises the following steps:
s1: preheating: the electric heater is started to preheat the electric heating furnace, after the temperature in the electric heating furnace reaches the standard temperature through the temperature measuring instrument, the motor is started, and meanwhile, iron ore powder in the iron ore powder pipeline enters the furnace through the large pipe, and carbon powder in the carbon powder pipeline enters the furnace through the small pipe.
S2: melting: melting iron ore powder into molten iron in an electric heating furnace, and primarily removing impurities;
s3: refining and oxygenation: the molten iron enters the electric heating furnace and is oxygenated and mixed by the oxygen pipe, carbon in the molten iron is oxidized into carbon monoxide gas at high temperature to overflow, and other impurities form oxides to enter the bottom of the refining cavity to become slag, so that the carbon content and impurity content in the molten iron can be reduced, and a relatively standard ferroalloy is obtained;
s4: early warning and cleaning: when the molten iron in the electric heating furnace is close to being filled, the terminal emergency alarm system stops the work of the device in an emergency way and reminds workers to process the molten iron in the electric heating furnace in time, the molten iron in the electric heating furnace is poured out, the electric heating furnace is cleaned, and the molten iron in the square channel is extruded out of the square channel by filling air into the oxygenation cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the iron ore powder pipeline is connected with the large pipe through the clamp, the carbon powder pipeline is connected with the small pipe through the clamp, the electric heater is started to preheat the electric heating furnace, after the temperature in the electric heating furnace reaches the standard temperature measured by the temperature measuring instrument, the motor is started, the iron ore powder in the iron ore powder pipeline enters the furnace through the large pipe, and the carbon powder in the carbon powder pipeline enters the furnace through the small pipe;
according to the invention, the iron ore powder and the carbon powder enter the feeding cylinder through the large pipe and the small pipe respectively, the motor drives the main shaft to rotate through the output shaft of the motor, and the screw slices fixedly connected to the main shaft rotate, so that the iron ore powder and the carbon powder are conveyed in a screw manner;
according to the invention, iron ore powder and carbon powder are spirally conveyed and fall onto the centrifugal piece, the square limiting rod penetrates through the control cylinder and is in sliding connection with the control cylinder, so that the control cylinder can move up and down, and can synchronously rotate along with the main shaft, the main shaft rotates to drive the control cylinder to rotate, so that the iron ore powder and the carbon powder falling onto the centrifugal piece are subjected to centrifugal movement, and are further centrifugally thrown down after being mixed, so that the falling iron ore powder and carbon powder can be prevented from being partially concentrated at a certain position in a impurity removing cavity in an electric heating furnace, but are more evenly scattered, and the problems that the iron ore powder and the carbon powder are agglomerated and are not easy to melt together can be effectively prevented;
according to the invention, when the main shaft rotates, the bulge fixedly connected to the main shaft rotates, the bulge moves in the inclined ring groove, and the main shaft cannot move up and down, so that the vertical displacement on the inclined ring groove acts on the centrifugal plate, and the sliding rod fixedly connected to the centrifugal plate only can move up and down and cannot rotate, so that when the main shaft drives the bulge to rotate, the centrifugal plate moves up and down to oscillate, so that the range of the iron ore powder and the carbon powder centrifugally sent out from the centrifugal plate is larger, and the melting of the iron ore powder is more facilitated;
according to the invention, as the centrifugal piece is positioned right below the feeding barrel and is made of the high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating material, the problem that the output channels of carbon powder and iron ore powder are blocked due to the fact that a large amount of heat impacts the feeding barrel and iron ore powder in the feeding barrel melts in advance in the feeding barrel due to the fact that the heat impacts the feeding barrel in the impurity removing cavity at the upper part of the electric heating furnace can be effectively and further prevented;
according to the invention, the spindle rotates to drive the vertical plates to rotate, the bushing plates fixedly connected with the vertical plates rotate, iron ore powder and carbon powder are centrifugally scattered from the centrifugal plate and are scattered on the uppermost bushing plate on the vertical plates, the iron ore powder and the carbon powder are melted in the uppermost bushing plate, the inner diameter of the melted iron ore powder and carbon powder is smaller than that of the leakage holes on the bushing plates, the melted iron ore powder and carbon powder falls on the next bushing plate to be melted, and impurities which are difficult to melt and have particle diameters larger than that of the leakage holes on the bushing plates on the uppermost layer in the iron ore powder and carbon powder are concentrated in the waste containing cavity of the bushing plates on the uppermost layer, so that preliminary impurity removal is realized;
the invention designs the bushing plate into a fan shape, can have the impurity removing effect, can promote the melting effect of the iron ore powder in the impurity removing cavity when the bushing plate rotates, can change the size of the fan shape, enhances the impurity removing capability when the area of the bushing plate fan shape is increased, promotes the iron ore powder to be weakened in melting capability, and enhances the iron ore powder to be molten when the area of the bushing plate is reduced, the fan-shaped area of the bushing plate is specifically selected according to the impurity content in the fed iron ore powder, that is, the design can select the bushing plate with proper impurity content according to the impurity content of the fed iron ore powder;
according to the invention, after iron ore powder on the impurity removing cavity in the electric heating furnace is melted into molten iron, the molten iron enters the refining cavity through the outlet, an oxygen pipe is rotationally connected to the opening at the bottom of the oxygenation cavity, oxygen enters the oxygenation cavity to move upwards, the heat-resistant sheet is flushed after being guided by the through hole and continuously moves downwards in the square channel, then the molten iron entering the square channel through the oxygenation hole is forced out of the square channel, oxygen enters the molten iron in the refining cavity through the oxygenation hole, the main shaft rotates to drive the refining barrel to rotate, a stirring rod fixedly connected with the refining barrel rotates, so that the oxygen flushed into the molten iron is stirred and homogenized, carbon in the molten iron is oxidized into carbon monoxide gas at a high temperature to overflow, and other impurities form oxides to enter the bottom in the refining cavity to form slag, so that the carbon content and impurity content in the molten iron can be reduced, and relatively standard ferroalloy can be obtained, compared with the traditional method that oxygen is filled into the electric heating furnace, the oxygen can be directly filled into the molten iron and uniformly dispersed in the molten iron, so that the impurity content and the prepared ferroalloy is lower in the content and the carbon content is better in quality;
when the heat generated by the electric heater is dissipated upwards through the design of the inner bottom of the refining cavity arranged at the bottom of the electric heating furnace, the heat enters the impurity removing cavity at the upper part of the electric heating furnace through the conduction of the heat conducting plate, so that the heat of the refining cavity at the lower part of the electric heating furnace is far greater than the heat of the impurity removing cavity at the upper end of the electric heating furnace, when the heat energy in the impurity removing cavity melts iron ore powder into iron water to flow, the greater heat in the refining cavity can promote carbon powder in molten iron flowing into the refining cavity to be oxidized into carbon monoxide gas at high temperature to overflow from the exhaust port, and the exhaust port is connected with an exhaust gas treatment device to treat exhaust gas; the carbon powder is heated at high temperature in the electric heating furnace to emit a large amount of heat so as to promote the melting and reduction of the iron ore powder;
according to the invention, after a certain amount of oxygen is filled, the oxygen filling is stopped, along with the rising of the liquid level of molten iron in the refining cavity, the liquid level of molten iron in the square channel is raised through the oxygenation holes, when the liquid level rises to the heat-resistant sheet area, the heat-resistant sheet continuously rises to enable the heat-resistant sheet to rotate by taking the hinge shaft as an axis, and when the heat-resistant sheet rotates to be vertical to the inner wall of the square channel, the heat-resistant sheet is limited by the inner wall of the square channel and cannot move any more, so that the leakage of molten iron is prevented from flowing out through the through holes and the oxygenation cavities;
according to the invention, when the heat-resistant sheet rotates to be vertical to the inner wall of the square channel, the metal sheet on the heat-resistant sheet is contacted with the two conductive sheets, so that a signal is sent to the terminal emergency alarm system, the terminal emergency alarm system responds in an emergency way, and meanwhile, the device stops working and reminds workers to timely process, so that the molten iron liquid level in the refining cavity in the electric heating furnace is prevented from continuously rising and leaking from the exhaust port;
after the device is used, air can be filled into the oxygenation cavity to extrude molten iron in the square channel to extrude the square channel, so that the device is convenient for subsequent cleaning and use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a side cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a view of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an overall view of the feeder sleeve of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an overall structural view of the riser of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an interior view of the refining barrel of this invention;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view of A of FIG. 5 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of B of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view of FIG. 7C in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 11 is a combined view of the spindle and control cartridge of the present invention.
In the figure:
1. an electric heating furnace; 11. a furnace cover; 12. a bracket; 13. an electric heater; 14. a heat conductive plate; 15. an exhaust port; 16. an outlet; 2. a mixing and conveying unit; 21. a motor; 22. a main shaft; 23. a spiral sheet; 24. a spring support and hanger; 25. a feeding cylinder; 3. a large pipe; 31. a small tube; 4. a fixing piece; 41. centrifugal sheets; 42. a slide bar; 43. a control cylinder; 44. a centrifugal rod; 5. an inclined ring groove; 51. a protrusion; 6. a riser; 61. a bushing; 62. a leak hole; 63. a scraper; 64. a waste accommodating cavity; 65. fine pores; 7. a refining barrel; 71. an oxygenation chamber; 72. square channels; 73. a through hole; 74. an oxygenation hole; 75. a stirring rod; 8. a heat-resistant sheet; 81. a torsion spring; 82. a conductive sheet; 83. a metal sheet.
Description of the embodiments
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 11, the present invention provides a technical solution:
an alloy material preparation device and a preparation method thereof comprise an electrothermal furnace 1;
the furnace cover 11 is arranged on the electrothermal furnace 1 and used for cleaning waste materials, the bracket 12 is arranged below the electrothermal furnace 1 and used for supporting the electrothermal furnace 1, and the electrothermal furnace 1 is provided with the mixing and conveying unit 2;
the electric heater 13 is arranged at the inner bottom of the electric heating furnace 1, the electric heating furnace 1 is fixedly connected with a heat conducting plate 14, the heat conducting plate 14 divides the inner cavity of the electric heating furnace 1 into a impurity removing cavity above the heat conducting plate 14 and a refining cavity below the heat conducting plate 14, an outlet 16 is formed in the heat conducting plate 14, and an exhaust port 15 is formed in the upper portion of the inner side wall of the refining cavity.
The mixing and conveying unit 2 comprises a feeding cylinder 25, the feeding cylinder 25 penetrates through the central side wall of the upper end of the electric heating furnace 1 and is fixedly connected with the feeding cylinder 25, a main shaft 22 penetrates through, extends out and is rotationally connected with the feeding cylinder 25, the upper end of the main shaft 22 is fixedly connected with a motor 21, the motor 21 is placed on a spring support and hanger 24, the spring support and hanger 24 is fixedly connected onto the upper end face of the electric heating furnace 1, a spiral piece 23 is fixedly connected to the main shaft 22 in a region in the feeding cylinder 25, and the spiral piece 23 is in sealing and rotational connection with the inner wall of the feeding cylinder 25.
The feeding cylinder 25 is penetrated and extended and fixedly connected with a large pipe 3 which is used for being connected with an iron ore powder conveying pipeline, the large pipe 3 is adjacently provided with a small pipe 31 which is used for being connected with a carbon powder pipeline, and the small pipe 31 is penetrated and extended and fixedly connected with the side wall of the upper end of the feeding cylinder 25.
When the electric heating furnace is in operation, the iron ore powder pipeline is connected with the large pipe 3 in a clamping way, the carbon powder pipeline is connected with the small pipe 31 in a clamping way, the electric heater 13 is started to preheat the electric heating furnace 1, after the temperature in the electric heating furnace 1 reaches the standard temperature measured by the temperature measuring instrument and meter, the motor 21 is started, iron ore powder in the iron ore powder pipeline enters the furnace through the large pipe 3, and carbon powder in the carbon powder pipeline enters the furnace through the small pipe 31;
the iron ore powder and the carbon powder respectively enter the feeding cylinder 25 through the large pipe 3 and the small pipe 31, the motor 21 drives the main shaft 22 to rotate through the output shaft of the motor, the spiral sheet 23 fixedly connected to the main shaft 22 rotates, thereby carrying out spiral conveying on the iron ore powder and the carbon powder, the iron ore powder and the carbon powder can be primarily mixed in the spiral sheet 23, the carbon powder can be more uniformly assisted to melt the iron ore powder, the spiral sheet 23 can also serve as a sealing device during conveying, heat in the impurity removing cavity at the upper part of the electric heating furnace 1 is prevented from escaping through the carbon powder and the output channel of the iron ore powder, namely the feeding cylinder 25, heat loss is caused, a large amount of heat is prevented from impacting in the feeding cylinder 25, and the iron ore powder in the feeding cylinder 25 is prevented from melting in advance, so that the blockage of the output channel of the iron ore powder and the iron ore powder is caused, and the outer wall of the feeding cylinder 25 is coated with high-temperature-resistant heat insulation materials, so that heat is prevented from being conducted into the feeding cylinder 25.
As an embodiment of the invention, the bottom of the feeding barrel 25 is fixedly connected with a fixing piece 4, a centrifugal piece 41 is arranged on the lower part of the fixing piece 4, the outer edge of the upper end face of the centrifugal piece 41 is in annular equidistant fixed connection with a sliding rod 42, the upper end of the sliding rod 42 penetrates through the fixing piece 4 and is in sliding connection, the main shaft 22 penetrates through the centrifugal piece 41 and is movably connected with the center of the upper end face of the centrifugal piece 41, a control barrel 43 is movably connected with the main shaft 22, a square limiting rod penetrates through the control barrel 43 and is in sliding connection with the control barrel 43, a plurality of centrifugal rods 44 are fixedly connected on the outer side wall of the control barrel 43 in annular equidistant mode, and the centrifugal piece 41 is made of a high-temperature resistant heat insulation material.
During operation, iron ore powder and carbon powder are spirally conveyed to fall onto the centrifugal piece 41, the square limiting rod penetrates through the control cylinder 43 and is in sliding connection with the control cylinder 43, the control cylinder 43 can move up and down, and can synchronously rotate along with the main shaft 22, the main shaft 22 rotates to drive the control cylinder 43 to rotate, so that the iron ore powder and the carbon powder falling onto the centrifugal piece 41 are centrifugally moved, and are centrifugally thrown down after being further mixed, so that the falling iron ore powder and carbon powder can be prevented from being partially concentrated at a certain position in the impurity removing cavity in the electric heating furnace 1, but are scattered evenly, and the iron ore powder and the carbon powder can be effectively prevented from caking and are not easy to melt together.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the inner wall of the portion of the centrifugal piece 41 penetrated by the main shaft 22 is provided with an inclined ring groove 5, the main shaft 22 is fixedly connected with a protrusion 51, and the protrusion 51 extends into the inclined ring groove 5 and is movably connected with the inclined ring groove.
When the spindle 22 rotates, the bulge 51 fixedly connected to the spindle 22 rotates, the bulge 51 moves in the inclined ring groove 5, the spindle 22 cannot move up and down, so that vertical displacement on the inclined ring groove 5 acts on the centrifugal piece 41, and the sliding rod 42 fixedly connected to the centrifugal piece 41 can only move up and down and cannot rotate, so that when the spindle 22 drives the bulge 51 to rotate, the centrifugal piece 41 moves up and down to oscillate, so that the sprinkling range of iron ore powder and carbon powder centrifugally sent out from the centrifugal piece 41 is larger, and the melting of the iron ore powder is more facilitated;
because the centrifugal piece 41 is positioned right below the feeding barrel 25, and the centrifugal piece 41 is made of a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating material, the problem that the output channels of carbon powder and iron ore powder are blocked due to the fact that a large amount of heat impacts the feeding barrel 25 and iron ore powder in the feeding barrel 25 melts in advance in the feeding barrel 25 due to the fact that the heat impacts the feeding barrel 25 in the impurity removing cavity at the upper part of the electric heating furnace 1 can be effectively and further prevented.
As an embodiment of the invention, the spindle 22 is fixedly connected with the riser 6, the bottom of the riser 6 is fixedly connected with the scraper 63, a plurality of bushing plates 61 are arranged above the scraper 63 at equal intervals, the bushing plates 61 are fixedly connected with the riser 6, the bushing plates 61 are densely provided with the bushing holes 62, the inner diameters of the bushing holes 62 on the bushing plates 61 are the same, the bushing plates 61 are arranged from top to bottom, the bushing holes 62 of each layer of bushing plates 61 are sequentially reduced from top to bottom, the minimum inner diameter of the bushing holes 62 is larger than the standard diameter of iron ore powder and carbon powder fed into the cranium, the upper end face of the uppermost bushing plate 61 on the riser 6 is provided with a waste containing cavity 64, and the riser 6 is provided with fine holes 65 with diameters smaller than the standard diameter of the iron ore powder and the carbon powder.
When the device works, the spindle 22 rotates to drive the vertical plate 6 to rotate, the bushing plates 61 fixedly connected with the vertical plate 6 rotate, iron ore powder and carbon powder are centrifugally scattered from the centrifugal piece 41 and are scattered on the uppermost bushing plate 61 on the vertical plate 6, the iron ore powder and the carbon powder are melted in the uppermost bushing plate 61, the inner diameter of the melted iron ore powder and carbon powder is smaller than that of the bushing holes 62 on the bushing plates 61, the melted iron ore powder and carbon powder fall onto the bushing plates 61 on the next layer to be continuously melted, and impurities which are difficult to melt and have particle diameters larger than that of the bushing holes 62 on the bushing plates 61 on the uppermost layer in the iron ore powder and carbon powder are concentrated in the waste accommodating cavity 64 of the bushing plates 61 on the uppermost layer, so that preliminary impurity removal is realized;
the bushing 61 is designed to be fan-shaped in this design, can have the edulcoration effect and can promote the effect of melting of the iron ore powder of edulcoration intracavity simultaneously bushing 61 when rotating, can change fan-shaped size, when increasing the fan-shaped area of bushing 61, edulcoration ability reinforcing, promote the iron ore powder to melt the ability and weaken, when reducing bushing 61 area, the edulcoration ability weakens, promotes the iron ore powder to melt the ability reinforcing, specifically selects the fan-shaped area of bushing 61, in order to send into the impurity content in the iron ore powder and decide, that is to say, this design can be through the difference of the impurity content of the iron ore powder that sends into, selects the bushing 61 that suits.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a refining cylinder 7 is disposed in the refining chamber in the electrothermal furnace 1, the main shaft 22 extends through the refining cylinder 7 and is fixedly connected with the refining cylinder 7, the lower end of the main shaft 22 extends through the bottom of the refining chamber and is in sealed rotation connection, an oxygenation chamber 71 is disposed at the lower end of the main shaft 22, a square channel 72 is disposed in the refining cylinder 7, a plurality of through holes 73 for allowing gas to pass through are disposed at the upper end of the oxygenation chamber 71 and on the adjacent side wall of the square channel 72, a plurality of stirring rods 75 are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the refining cylinder 7, and oxygenation holes 74 are disposed at the gaps on the stirring rods 75 on the refining cylinder 7.
When the electric heating furnace is in operation, after iron ore powder on the impurity removing cavity in the electric heating furnace 1 is melted into molten iron, the molten iron enters the refining cavity through the outlet 16, an oxygen pipe is rotationally connected to the opening at the bottom of the oxygenation cavity 71, oxygen enters the oxygenation cavity 71 to move upwards, the heat-resistant sheet 8 is flushed out after being guided by the through hole 73 and continuously moves downwards in the square channel 72, then the molten iron entering the square channel 72 through the oxygenation hole 74 is forced out of the square channel 72, oxygen then enters molten iron in the refining cavity through the oxygenation hole 74, the main shaft 22 rotates to drive the refining cylinder 7 to rotate, the stirring rod 75 fixedly connected with the refining cylinder 7 rotates, so that the oxygen in the molten iron is stirred and homogenized to promote carbon in the molten iron to be oxidized into carbon monoxide gas at a high temperature to overflow, and other impurities form oxides to enter the bottom in the refining cavity to become slag, so that the carbon content and impurity content in the molten iron can be reduced, and compared with the traditional method of filling oxygen into the electric heating furnace 1, the device can directly fill oxygen into the molten iron and uniformly disperse the molten iron into the molten iron, and the prepared iron alloy has better quality and lower impurity content than the traditional method;
when the heat generated by the electric heater 13 is dissipated upwards due to the design of the inner bottom of the refining cavity at the bottom of the electric heating furnace 1, the heat is conducted into the impurity removing cavity at the upper part of the electric heating furnace 1 through the heat conducting plate 14, so that the heat of the refining cavity at the lower part of the electric heating furnace 1 is far greater than the heat of the impurity removing cavity at the upper end of the electric heating furnace 1, when the heat energy in the impurity removing cavity melts iron ore powder into iron underwater flow, the larger heat in the refining cavity can promote the high-temperature oxidation of carbon powder in molten iron flowing into the refining cavity into carbon monoxide gas to overflow from the exhaust port 15, and the exhaust port 15 is connected with an exhaust gas treatment device to treat exhaust gas; the carbon powder is heated at high temperature in the electric heating furnace 1 to emit a large amount of heat so as to promote the melting and reduction of the iron ore powder.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the refining barrel 7 is square, the upper end of the square channel 72 is hinged with a heat-resistant sheet 8, the hinge point of the heat-resistant sheet 8 is located in an adjacent area below the through hole 73, the through hole 73 and the air outlet 15 are on the same horizontal line, and a torsion spring 81 is arranged at the hinge point on the heat-resistant sheet 8.
In operation, after oxygen is filled in a certain amount, oxygen filling is stopped, along with the rise of the liquid level of molten iron in the refining cavity, the liquid level of molten iron in the square channel 72 is raised through the oxygenation holes 74, when the liquid level rises to the area of the heat-resistant sheet 8, the heat-resistant sheet 8 rotates by taking the hinge shaft as the axis, and when the heat-resistant sheet 8 rotates to be vertical to the inner wall of the square channel 72, the heat-resistant sheet is limited by the inner wall of the square channel 72 and cannot move any more, so that leakage of molten iron is prevented from flowing out through the through holes 73 and the oxygenation cavities 71.
As an embodiment of the present invention, two conductive plates 82 are embedded in the inner wall of the square channel 72, the conductive plates 82 are communicated with the terminal emergency alarm system, a metal plate 83 is fixedly connected to the heat-resistant plate 8, the metal plate 83 and the conductive plates 82 are on an arc-shaped movement path with the hinge shaft of the heat-resistant plate 8 as an axis, and in an initial state, the heat-resistant plate 8 is inclined at an angle of fifteen degrees under the torsion stress of the torsion spring 81.
When the heat-resistant sheet 8 rotates to be perpendicular to the inner wall of the square channel 72 in operation, the metal sheet 83 on the heat-resistant sheet 8 is contacted with the two conducting sheets 82, so that signals are sent to the terminal emergency alarm system, the terminal emergency alarm system responds in an emergency mode, and meanwhile, the device stops working and reminds workers to process in time, so that the molten iron liquid level in the refining cavity in the electric heating furnace 1 is prevented from continuously rising and leaking from the exhaust port 15;
after the use, the molten iron in the square channel 72 can be extruded out of the square channel 72 by filling air into the oxygenation cavity 71, so that the device is convenient for subsequent cleaning and use.
The preparation method of the alloy material comprises the following steps:
s1: preheating: the electric heater 13 is started to preheat the electric heating furnace 1, after the temperature in the electric heating furnace 1 reaches the standard temperature through the temperature measuring instrument, the motor 21 is started, and meanwhile, the iron ore powder in the iron ore powder pipeline enters the furnace through the large pipe 3, and the carbon powder in the carbon powder pipeline enters the furnace through the small pipe 31.
S2: melting: melting iron ore powder into molten iron in an electric heating furnace 1, and primarily removing impurities;
s3: refining and oxygenation: the molten iron enters the electric heating furnace 1 and is oxygenated and mixed by an oxygen pipe, carbon in the molten iron is oxidized into carbon monoxide gas at high temperature to overflow, and other impurities form oxides to enter the bottom of the refining cavity to become slag, so that the carbon content and the impurity content in the molten iron can be reduced, and a relatively standard ferroalloy is obtained;
s4: early warning and cleaning: when the molten iron in the electric heating furnace 1 is nearly full, the terminal emergency alarm system emergently stops the work of the device and reminds workers to process in time, the molten iron in the electric heating furnace 1 is poured out, the electric heating furnace 1 is cleaned, and the molten iron in the square channel 72 is extruded out of the square channel 72 by filling air into the oxygenation cavity 71.
Working principle: the iron ore powder pipeline is connected with the large pipe 3 in a clamping way, the carbon powder pipeline is connected with the small pipe 31 in a clamping way, the electric heater 13 is started to preheat the electric heating furnace 1, after the temperature in the electric heating furnace 1 reaches the standard temperature measured by the temperature measuring instrument, the motor 21 is started, and meanwhile, the iron ore powder in the iron ore powder pipeline enters the furnace through the large pipe 3, and the carbon powder in the carbon powder pipeline enters the furnace through the small pipe 31;
the iron ore powder and the carbon powder enter the feeding cylinder 25 through the large pipe 3 and the small pipe 31 respectively, the motor 21 drives the main shaft 22 to rotate through the output shaft of the motor, and the spiral sheet 23 fixedly connected to the main shaft 22 rotates, so that the iron ore powder and the carbon powder are conveyed in a spiral way;
the outer wall of the feeding cylinder 25 can be coated with a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating material, so that heat is prevented from being conducted into the feeding cylinder 25;
the iron ore powder and the carbon powder are spirally conveyed and fall onto the centrifugal piece 41, the square limiting rod penetrates through the control cylinder 43 and is connected with the control cylinder 43 in a sliding manner, so that the control cylinder 43 can move up and down and can synchronously rotate along with the main shaft 22, the main shaft 22 rotates to drive the control cylinder 43 to rotate, so that the iron ore powder and the carbon powder falling onto the centrifugal piece 41 are centrifugally moved, and are centrifugally thrown off after being further mixed, so that the falling iron ore powder and carbon powder can be prevented from being partially concentrated at a certain position in a impurity removing cavity in the electrothermal furnace 1, but are scattered more evenly, and the problems that the iron ore powder and the carbon powder are effectively prevented from caking and are not easy to melt together;
when the main shaft 22 rotates, the bulge 51 fixedly connected to the main shaft 22 rotates, the bulge 51 moves in the inclined ring groove 5, and the main shaft 22 cannot move up and down, so that the vertical displacement on the inclined ring groove 5 acts on the centrifugal piece 41, and the sliding rod 42 fixedly connected to the centrifugal piece 41 can only move up and down and cannot rotate, so that when the main shaft 22 drives the bulge 51 to rotate, the centrifugal piece 41 moves up and down to oscillate, so that the range of the iron ore powder and the carbon powder which are centrifugally sent out from the centrifugal piece 41 is larger, and the iron ore powder is more beneficial to melting;
because the centrifugal piece 41 is positioned right below the feeding cylinder 25, and the centrifugal piece 41 is made of a high-temperature-resistant heat-insulating material, the problem that the output channels of carbon powder and iron ore powder are blocked due to the fact that a large amount of heat impacts the feeding cylinder 25 and iron ore powder in the feeding cylinder 25 melts in advance in the feeding cylinder 25 due to the fact that the heat impacts the feeding cylinder 25 in the impurity removing cavity at the upper part of the electric heating furnace 1 can be effectively and further prevented;
the spindle 22 rotates to drive the vertical plate 6 to rotate, the bushing plates 61 fixedly connected with the vertical plate 6 rotate, iron ore powder and carbon powder are centrifugally scattered from the centrifugal piece 41 and fall on the uppermost bushing plate 61 on the vertical plate 6, the iron ore powder and the carbon powder are melted in the uppermost bushing plate 61, the inner diameter of the melted iron ore powder and the melted carbon powder is smaller than that of the bushing holes 62 on the bushing plate 61, the melted iron ore powder and the melted carbon powder fall on the bushing plate 61 on the next layer to be melted, and impurities which are difficult to melt and have particle diameters larger than that of the bushing holes 62 on the bushing plate 61 on the uppermost layer in the iron ore powder and the carbon powder are concentrated in the waste containing cavity 64 of the bushing plate 61 on the uppermost layer, so that preliminary impurity removal is realized;
the bushing 61 is designed into a fan shape, so that the impurity removing effect can be achieved, meanwhile, the bushing 61 can promote the melting effect of iron ore powder in the impurity removing cavity when rotating, the size of the fan shape can be changed, when the area of the bushing 61 is increased, the impurity removing capability is enhanced, the iron ore powder melting capability is promoted to be weakened, when the area of the bushing 61 is reduced, the impurity removing capability is weakened, the iron ore powder melting capability is promoted to be enhanced, the fan-shaped area of the bushing 61 is specifically selected, and the size of the fan-shaped area is determined according to the impurity content in the fed iron ore powder, that is, the design can select the bushing 61 with proper impurity content according to the difference of the impurity content of the fed iron ore powder;
after iron ore powder on a impurity removing cavity in the electrothermal furnace 1 is melted into molten iron and enters a refining cavity through an outlet 16, an oxygen pipe is rotationally connected to an opening at the bottom of the oxygenation cavity 71, oxygen enters from the oxygenation cavity 71 to move upwards, a heat-resistant sheet 8 is flushed after being guided by a through hole 73 and continues to move downwards in a square channel 72, then molten iron entering the square channel 72 through an oxygenation hole 74 is forced out of the square channel 72, oxygen enters into molten iron in the refining cavity through the oxygenation hole 74, a main shaft 22 rotates to drive a refining barrel 7 to rotate, a stirring rod 75 fixedly connected to the refining barrel 7 rotates, so that the oxygen flushed into the molten iron is stirred and homogenized to promote carbon in the molten iron to be oxidized into carbon monoxide gas at a high temperature and overflow, other impurities form oxides to enter the bottom of the refining cavity to be slag, so that the carbon content and impurity content in the molten iron can be reduced, and relatively standard ferroalloy can be obtained;
when the heat generated by the electric heater 13 is dissipated upwards due to the design of the inner bottom of the refining cavity at the bottom of the electric heating furnace 1, the heat is conducted into the impurity removing cavity at the upper part of the electric heating furnace 1 through the heat conducting plate 14, so that the heat of the refining cavity at the lower part of the electric heating furnace 1 is far greater than the heat of the impurity removing cavity at the upper end of the electric heating furnace 1, when the heat energy in the impurity removing cavity melts iron ore powder into iron underwater flow, the larger heat in the refining cavity can promote the high-temperature oxidation of carbon powder in molten iron flowing into the refining cavity into carbon monoxide gas to overflow from the exhaust port 15, and the exhaust port 15 is connected with an exhaust gas treatment device to treat exhaust gas; the carbon powder is heated in the electric heating furnace 1 at high temperature to emit a large amount of heat so as to promote the melting and reduction of the iron ore powder;
after oxygen is filled in a certain amount, oxygen filling is stopped, along with the rising of the liquid level of molten iron in the refining cavity, the liquid level of molten iron in the square channel 72 is raised through the oxygenation holes 74, when the molten iron rises to the area of the heat-resistant sheet 8, the heat-resistant sheet 8 rotates by taking the hinge shaft as the axis, and when the heat-resistant sheet 8 rotates to be vertical to the inner wall of the square channel 72, the molten iron is limited by the inner wall of the square channel 72 and cannot move any more, so that leakage of molten iron is prevented from flowing out through the through holes 73 and the oxygenation cavities 71;
when the heat-resistant sheet 8 rotates to be perpendicular to the inner wall of the square channel 72, the metal sheet 83 on the heat-resistant sheet 8 is contacted with the two conducting sheets 82, so that signals are sent to a terminal emergency alarm system, the terminal emergency alarm system responds in an emergency, and meanwhile, the device stops working and reminds workers to timely process, so that the molten iron liquid level in a refining cavity in the electric heating furnace 1 is prevented from continuously rising and leaking from the exhaust port 15;
after the use is completed, the molten iron in the square channel 72 can be extruded out of the square channel 72 by filling air into the oxygenation cavity 71, so that the device is convenient for subsequent cleaning and use;
dolomite powder can be put into the electric heating furnace 1, so that molten iron can be further prevented from adhering to the inner wall of the electric heating furnace 1.
The design of the device can prevent the problems that in the traditional process, the iron ore powder is melted and then refined, the iron ore powder is poured out and then poured into a refining furnace for refining, the process not only needs manual replacement or mechanical replacement, but also has a large amount of heat overflows in the process, and the iron ore powder needs to be heated again after being put into the refining furnace, so that the economic benefit is low.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation device and the preparation method of the alloy material are characterized by comprising the following steps:
an electrothermal furnace (1);
the furnace cover (11) is arranged on the electric heating furnace (1) and used for cleaning waste, the bracket (12) is arranged below the electric heating furnace (1) and used for supporting the electric heating furnace (1), and the electric heating furnace (1) is provided with a mixing and conveying unit (2);
the electric heater (13) arranged at the inner bottom of the electric heating furnace (1), a heat conducting plate (14) is fixedly connected in the electric heating furnace (1), the inner cavity of the electric heating furnace (1) is divided into a impurity removing cavity above the heat conducting plate (14) and a refining cavity below the heat conducting plate (14) by the heat conducting plate (14), an outlet (16) is formed in the heat conducting plate (14), and an exhaust port (15) is formed in the upper portion of the inner side wall of the refining cavity.
2. The apparatus for producing an alloy material according to claim 1, wherein: the utility model provides a mix defeated unit (2) includes feeding section of thick bamboo (25), feeding section of thick bamboo (25) runs through electric smelting pot (1) upper end central side wall and fixed connection, run through in feeding section of thick bamboo (25) and stretch out and rotate and be connected with main shaft (22), main shaft (22) upper end fixedly connected with motor (21), motor (21) are placed on spring gallows (24), spring gallows (24) fixed connection is on electric smelting pot (1) up end, regional fixedly connected with flight (23) of main shaft (22) in feeding section of thick bamboo (25), flight (23) and feeding section of thick bamboo (25) inner wall are sealed and rotate and are connected.
3. The apparatus for producing an alloy material according to claim 2, wherein: the feeding cylinder (25) is penetrated and extended and fixedly connected with a large pipe (3) connected with an iron ore powder conveying pipeline, the large pipe (3) is adjacently provided with a small pipe (31) connected with a carbon powder pipeline, and the small pipe (31) is penetrated and extended and fixedly connected with the side wall of the upper end of the feeding cylinder (25).
4. A device for producing an alloy material according to claim 3, wherein: the utility model provides a centrifugal feeding device, including feeding section of thick bamboo (25), feeding section of thick bamboo (25) bottom fixedly connected with stationary blade (4), stationary blade (4) are issued and are provided with centrifugal piece (41), centrifugal piece (41) up end outward flange is annular equidistant fixedly connected with slide bar (42), slide bar (42) upper end runs through and stretches out stationary blade (4) and sliding connection, main shaft (22) run through and stretch out centrifugal piece (41) and swing joint, centrifugal piece (41) up end center swing joint has control section of thick bamboo (43), fixedly connected with square gag lever post on main shaft (22), square gag lever post runs through and stretches into control section of thick bamboo (43) and with control section of thick bamboo (43) sliding connection, control section of thick bamboo (43) lateral wall is a plurality of centrifugal poles (44) of annular equidistant fixedly connected with, centrifugal piece (41) adopt high temperature resistant insulating material to make.
5. The apparatus for producing an alloy material according to claim 4, wherein: the centrifugal piece (41) is provided with an inclined ring groove (5) on the inner wall of the penetration part of the main shaft (22), a bulge (51) is fixedly connected to the main shaft (22), and the bulge (51) stretches into the inclined ring groove (5) and is movably connected.
6. The apparatus for producing an alloy material according to claim 5, wherein: fixedly connected with riser (6) on main shaft (22), riser (6) bottom fixedly connected with scraper blade (63), scraper blade (63) top equidistant are provided with a plurality of bushing plates (61), bushing plates (61) all with riser (6) fixed connection, every bushing plates (61) are gone up all densely and are offered leak hole (62), and every leak hole (62) internal diameter on bushing plates (61) are the same, a plurality of bushing plates (61) top-down are arranged, leak hole (62) of every layer of bushing plates (61) top-down reduces in proper order, just the minimum internal diameter of leak hole (62) is greater than the standard diameter of sending into intracranial iron ore powder and carbon powder, waste holding chamber (64) have been offered to one bushing plate (61) up end on riser plates (6), set up pore (65) that the diameter is less than the standard diameter of iron ore powder and carbon powder on riser plates (6).
7. The apparatus for producing an alloy material according to claim 6, wherein: the refining chamber in the electric heating furnace (1) is provided with a refining barrel (7), a main shaft (22) penetrates through and stretches out of the refining barrel (7) and is fixedly connected with the refining barrel (7), the lower end of the main shaft (22) penetrates through and stretches out of the bottom of the refining chamber and is connected with the refining barrel in a sealing rotation mode, an oxygenation chamber (71) is arranged at the lower end of the main shaft (22), a square channel (72) is arranged in the refining barrel (7), a plurality of through holes (73) for enabling gas to pass through are formed in the upper end of the oxygenation chamber (71) and the adjacent side wall of the square channel (72), a plurality of stirring rods (75) are fixedly connected with the outer wall of the refining barrel (7), and oxygenation holes (74) are formed in gaps of the stirring rods (75) on the refining barrel (7).
8. The apparatus for producing an alloy material according to claim 7, wherein: the refining barrel (7) is square, the upper end of the square channel (72) is hinged with a heat-resistant sheet (8), the hinge point of the heat-resistant sheet (8) is located in an adjacent area below the through hole (73), the through hole (73) and the exhaust port (15) are on the same horizontal line, and a torsion spring (81) is arranged at the hinge point of the heat-resistant sheet (8).
9. The apparatus for producing an alloy material according to claim 8, wherein: the utility model discloses a fire-fighting device for the emergency alarm of the electric vehicle, including square passageway (72) inner wall embedding has two conducting strips (82), conducting strip (82) are linked together with terminal emergency alarm system, fixedly connected with sheetmetal (83) on resistant hot piece (8), sheetmetal (83) and conducting strip (82) are on the arc motion path with the articulated shaft of resistant hot piece (8) as the axis, and under initial state, resistant hot piece (8) are fifteen degrees angles slope under torsional stress of torsional spring (81).
10. A method for preparing an alloy material, which is applied to a device for preparing an alloy material according to claim 9, and is characterized in that the method for preparing the alloy material comprises the following steps:
s1: preheating: starting an electric heater (13) to preheat the electric heating furnace (1), and starting a motor (21) and simultaneously enabling iron ore powder in an iron ore powder pipeline to enter the furnace through a large pipe (3) after the temperature in the electric heating furnace (1) reaches the standard temperature through a temperature measuring instrument and meter, wherein carbon powder in a carbon powder pipeline enters the furnace through a small pipe (31);
s2: melting: melting iron ore powder into molten iron in an electric heating furnace (1), and primarily removing impurities;
s3: refining and oxygenation: the molten iron enters the electric heating furnace (1) and is oxygenated and mixed by an oxygen pipe, carbon in the molten iron is oxidized into carbon monoxide gas at high temperature to overflow, and other impurities form oxides to enter the bottom of the refining cavity to become slag, so that the carbon content and the impurity content in the molten iron can be reduced, and a relatively standard ferroalloy is obtained;
s4: early warning and cleaning: when the molten iron in the electric heating furnace (1) is close to being filled, the terminal emergency alarm system emergently stops the work of the device and reminds workers to timely process, the molten iron in the electric heating furnace (1) is poured out, the electric heating furnace (1) is cleaned, and air is filled into the oxygenation cavity (71) to extrude the molten iron in the square channel (72) out of the square channel (72).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310545107.3A CN116592632A (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Preparation device and preparation method of alloy material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310545107.3A CN116592632A (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Preparation device and preparation method of alloy material |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116592632A true CN116592632A (en) | 2023-08-15 |
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| CN202310545107.3A Pending CN116592632A (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Preparation device and preparation method of alloy material |
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| CN (1) | CN116592632A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-05-16 CN CN202310545107.3A patent/CN116592632A/en active Pending
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