CN116584929A - Optical signal detection and processing method and device - Google Patents
Optical signal detection and processing method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116584929A CN116584929A CN202211737266.5A CN202211737266A CN116584929A CN 116584929 A CN116584929 A CN 116584929A CN 202211737266 A CN202211737266 A CN 202211737266A CN 116584929 A CN116584929 A CN 116584929A
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 2
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001121 heart beat frequency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004217 heart function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004199 lung function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013186 photoplethysmography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011897 real-time detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16H—HEALTHCARE INFORMATICS, i.e. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE HANDLING OR PROCESSING OF MEDICAL OR HEALTHCARE DATA
- G16H50/00—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics
- G16H50/30—ICT specially adapted for medical diagnosis, medical simulation or medical data mining; ICT specially adapted for detecting, monitoring or modelling epidemics or pandemics for calculating health indices; for individual health risk assessment
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/14542—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue for measuring blood gases
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B5/00—Measuring for diagnostic purposes; Identification of persons
- A61B5/145—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue
- A61B5/1455—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters
- A61B5/14551—Measuring characteristics of blood in vivo, e.g. gas concentration, pH value; Measuring characteristics of body fluids or tissues, e.g. interstitial fluid, cerebral tissue using optical sensors, e.g. spectral photometrical oximeters for measuring blood gases
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- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
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- Measurement Of The Respiration, Hearing Ability, Form, And Blood Characteristics Of Living Organisms (AREA)
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Abstract
The application provides a method and a device for detecting and processing optical signals, which are characterized in that optical detection physiological signals are obtained by detecting the change of the blood volume in a human tissue blood vessel through a photoelectric sensor in the working process of optical equipment, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: providing a data buffer capable of storing an optically detected physiological signal for at least 3 predetermined time units; the method comprises the steps of collecting and calculating, namely storing each DC component of a collected optical detected physiological signal into the data buffer area, and solving the variance of the value of the DC component to obtain a first waveform reference index value; a comparison step; comparing the first waveform reference index value with a pre-stored reference index value range; a judging step of outputting a signal that the equipment drops if the first waveform reference index value is greater than the maximum value of the reference index value; and if the first waveform reference index value is not greater than the maximum value of the reference index value, continuing to acquire a new optical detected physiological signal, and then executing the steps of acquisition and calculation.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of human health monitoring equipment, in particular to an optical signal detection and processing method and device.
Background
Blood oxygen saturation (oxygen saturation, spO 2) and Heart Rate (HR) are two very important parameters of the human body, and their real-time detection can help people to know their own physical condition at any time. The occurrence of unexpected events caused by cardiovascular diseases, heart and lung functions deficiency and other factors can be avoided to a certain extent. Particularly, the real-time monitoring of the blood oxygen saturation level has become an important index for judging whether the oxygen supply condition of the human body and the respiratory system and the circulatory system of the human body are normal. The SpO2 is monitored by an optically detected physiological signal, such as a PPG signal photoplethysmographic (PPG) signal, which contains many physiological information of the human body, such as heart rate and blood oxygen, and the extraction of heart rate and blood oxygen using the photoplethysmographic signal is widely used. For convenience, the popularity of miniaturized and portable physiological signal optical devices incorporating batteries or employing dry cells is increasing. For example, a finger-cuff type photo-sensor may be employed to measure blood oxygen saturation. When in measurement, the sensor is sleeved on a human finger, the finger is used as a transparent container for containing hemoglobin, red light with the wavelength of 660nm and near infrared light with the wavelength of 940nm are used as incident light sources, the light transmission intensity through a tissue bed is measured, the concentration of hemoglobin and the blood oxygen saturation are calculated, the instrument can display the blood oxygen saturation of a human body, and a continuous harmless blood oxygen measuring instrument is provided for clinic.
Portable optical devices typically use batteries and, to ensure a long time, enter a dormant or low power state when the device is detached from the finger. At present, for example, for the basic scheme of judging the falling-off state of human tissues by using an optical device such as SpO2, there are mainly a physiological signal characteristic judging scheme and a scheme of judging the falling-off state by monitoring the illumination intensity. However, in the schemes of the two, the low-power-consumption operation unit of the needed equipment performs complex calculation with more energy consumption, so that precious operation resources of the portable equipment are occupied; or the light emitting device is kept to emit light for judgment, and more electric quantity is still consumed. For the scheme of monitoring illumination intensity, the optical device still emits light normally under the condition of falling off, and only the luminous intensity is reduced. The led of this scheme needs to be in a light emitting state all the time, and thus is not suitable for low power consumption products such as battery power supply. For the scheme of analyzing physiological signals, the method is not suitable for low-power consumption products, a large amount of data calculation is involved in the physiological analysis process, and a general low-power consumption MCU is not suitable for large amount of data calculation, so that not only is the operation time wasted, but also a certain amount of electric quantity is consumed. Furthermore, for schemes that monitor illumination intensity, if the receiver is deliberately de-blocked, the device may at this time incorrectly identify that a finger was inserted and begin monitoring. Thereby affecting the accuracy of the monitoring result.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects and drawbacks in the prior art, the present disclosure proposes a dropout detection method for SpO2 optical devices.
In accordance with one aspect of the present application, an optically detected physiological signal is obtained by detecting a change in blood volume in a blood vessel of a human tissue by a photosensor during operation of the optical device, the method comprising the steps of, within a computing module of the optical device:
providing a data buffer capable of storing an optically detected physiological signal for at least 3 predetermined time units;
the method comprises the steps of collecting and calculating, namely storing each DC component of a collected optical detected physiological signal into the data buffer area, and solving the variance of the value of the DC component to obtain a first waveform reference index value;
a comparison step; comparing the first waveform reference index value with a pre-stored reference index value range;
a judging step of outputting a signal that the equipment drops if the first waveform reference index value is greater than the maximum value of the reference index value; if the first waveform reference index value is not greater than the maximum value of the reference index value, continuously acquiring a new optical detected physiological signal, and then executing the steps of acquisition and calculation.
Preferably, in the dropout detection method according to the present disclosure, the method may further include performing, within the computing module of the optical device, the steps of: setting a ring buffer area; filtering the optical detected physiological signal to calculate the peak-to-peak value of the waveform of the AC component in the optical detected physiological signal within a preset time unit; then buffering the obtained peak-to-peak value in the annular buffer area; solving variance of the data in the annular buffer area, and taking the variance as a second reference index value; comparing the second reference index value with a deviation reference value, and if the second reference index value is larger than the deviation reference value; the signal of the falling-off of the device is output.
In one specific embodiment of the falling off detection method according to the present application, the reference index value ranges from 100 to 3000; the second reference index value is 3000.
Preferably, in the shedding detection method according to the present application, each predetermined time unit may be the same and greater than 1.5 seconds.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an optical signal detection and processing device is presented, which runs the aforementioned optical signal detection and processing method within a computing module of the device.
The energy-saving method for the Spo2 optical equipment is also provided, and the method for detecting the falling off is applied to a calculation module of the optical equipment; the optical device is set to operate in a power saving mode in which the transmitter and the receiver of the optical device are all in a power-off state and the receiver and the transmitter are activated once at predetermined time intervals to read the direct current offset DC value of the current optically detected physiological signal; and when the direct current offset dc value is in a preset range, ending the power saving mode and switching to a normal mode: continuously turning on the transmitter and turning on the power supply of the receiver to start normal data acquisition and processing; if not in the normal range, the power saving mode is continued.
Preferably, in the power saving method according to the present disclosure, the receiver and the transmitter are activated every 1 second.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the application. The objectives and other advantages of the application will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the objects and advantages that can be achieved with the present application are not limited to the above-described specific ones, and that the above and other objects that can be achieved with the present application will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 illustrates waveforms of optically detected physiological signals in different states of an SpO2 optical device; wherein fig. 1 (a) shows the waveform of an optically detected physiological signal in a normal operation state, and fig. 1 (b) and 1 (c) show the waveforms of the physiological signal detected from the optical when the device is detached, respectively;
FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic step diagram of one embodiment of a dropout detection method for an SpO2 optical device according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic step diagram of one preferred embodiment of a dropout detection method for an SpO2 optical device according to the present disclosure;
fig. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of switching between a power saving mode and a normal mode for one embodiment of an SpO2 optical device in accordance with the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent. The exemplary embodiments of the present application and the descriptions thereof are used herein to explain the present application, but are not intended to limit the application.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present application due to unnecessary details, only the technical content related to SpO2 monitoring, which is well known in the art, and the technical content of signal processing of an optically detected physiological signal (such as photoplethysmography waveform (PhotoPlethysmoGraph, PPG), which is consistent with the well known to those skilled in the art, is shown in the drawings, unless otherwise specified.
It is known in the art that based on an optically detected physiological signal, spO2 (blood oxygen saturation) values can be calculated as long as they follow a specific algorithmic calculation formula. But at the same time it is also recognized whether human tissue is in contact with the device, and if this disengagement recognition measure is not available, even if it is in a disengaged state, it is possible to calculate what appears to be a plausible SpO2 value, thereby interfering with the normal monitoring values and accuracy. Therefore, it is important to perform drop off detection on SpO2 devices.
In the existing known SpO2 optical device, the scheme for judging the falling of human tissues mainly comprises physiological signal characteristic judgment, monitoring illumination intensity judgment and the like.
In the SpO2 monitoring, the optical detected physiological signal comprises an Alternating Current (AC) component and a Direct Current (DC) component, and whether the waveform of the optical detected physiological signal is normal or not is judged by analyzing the AC component through data, so that the falling state of human tissues is judged. As in fig. 1 (a) of the drawings, AC component waveforms of a physiological signal of good optical detection are shown.
In the scheme of judging the falling state by monitoring the illumination intensity, for example, in a blood oxygen function monitoring module of the pluggable physiological apparatus, a blood oxygen finger clip of a blood oxygen part of the physiological apparatus is still emitting light normally under the falling condition. The physiological instrument does not kill the light but weakens the intensity of the emitted light. And then judging the falling state through the illumination intensity detected by the photodiode.
In the above-described solution, there is a problem that power consumption is large in a portable device using a battery. For the scheme of analyzing physiological signals, the method is not suitable for low-power consumption products, because a large amount of data calculation is involved in the physiological analysis process, and a general low-power consumption MCU (micro control unit Microcontroller Unit; MCU) is also not suitable for large amount of data calculation, so that not only the calculation power of a calculation chip unit is occupied, the operation time is wasted, but also a certain amount of electric quantity is consumed. For example, in a low-power MCU with the model number of NRF52832, the memory is still small (512 kB flash memory), so that the shedding detection calculation mode is optimized, and the overall performance and the endurance time of the equipment are improved.
The present disclosure proposes a dropout detection method for an SpO2 optical device, the method comprising evaluating a degree of stability of an optically detected physiological signal waveform and evaluating a DC offset.
In accordance with one aspect of the present application, an optically detected physiological signal is obtained by detecting a change in blood volume in a blood vessel of a human tissue by a photosensor during operation of the optical device, the method comprising the steps of, within a computing module of the optical device:
providing a data buffer capable of storing an optically detected physiological signal for at least 3 predetermined time units;
the method comprises the steps of collecting and calculating, namely storing each DC component of a collected optical detected physiological signal into the data buffer area, and solving the variance of the value of the DC component to obtain a first waveform reference index value;
a comparison step; comparing the first waveform reference index value with a pre-stored reference index value range;
a judging step of outputting a signal that the equipment drops if the first waveform reference index value is greater than the maximum value of the reference index value; if the first waveform reference index value is not greater than the maximum value of the reference index value, continuously acquiring a new optical detected physiological signal, and then executing the steps of acquisition and calculation.
Preferably, in the dropout detection method according to the present disclosure, the method may further include performing, within the computing module of the optical device, the steps of: setting a ring buffer area; filtering the optical detected physiological signal to calculate the peak-to-peak value of the waveform of the AC component in the optical detected physiological signal within a preset time unit; then buffering the obtained peak-to-peak value in the annular buffer area; solving variance of the data in the annular buffer area, and taking the variance as a second reference index value; comparing the second reference index value with a deviation reference value, and if the second reference index value is larger than the deviation reference value; the signal of the falling-off of the device is output.
In one specific embodiment of the falling off detection method according to the present application, the reference index value ranges from 100 to 3000; the second reference index value is: 3000.
it will be appreciated that the variance value of the second reference index value is not necessarily a fixed value or a fixed range, for example, if the length of the ring buffer is doubled, a data change will not generate too large ripple, the variance will not change too severely, and the range will naturally be smaller, as the case may be. For example, the length of the ring buffer is set to 5, and the normal variance range is between 0 and 3000.
Preferably, in the shedding detection method according to the present application, each predetermined time unit may be the same and greater than 1.5 seconds.
According to another aspect of the disclosure, an energy saving method for Spo2 optical equipment is also provided, and the foregoing method for detecting falling off is applied in a computing module of the optical equipment; the optical device is set to operate in a power saving mode in which the transmitter and the receiver of the optical device are all in a power-off state and the receiver and the transmitter are activated once at predetermined time intervals to read the direct current offset DC value of the current optically detected physiological signal; and when the direct current offset dc value is in a preset range, ending the power saving mode and switching to a normal mode: continuously turning on the transmitter and turning on the power supply of the receiver to start normal data acquisition and processing; if not in the normal range, the power saving mode is continued.
Preferably, in the power saving method according to the present disclosure, the receiver and the transmitter are activated every 1 second.
For example, in one embodiment according to the present disclosure, although there are various schemes for evaluating the quality of the optical detected physiological signal waveform, in the embodiment of the present disclosure, only evaluating the degree of stability of the optical detected physiological signal waveform and the DC value magnitude of the waveform can perform effective shedding detection.
In one embodiment, for example, using a finger-clip SpO2 optical device, the AC component values (representing complexity) of the optically detected physiological signals may be buffered in a buf (buffer) of 3-5 time units in code run by the computing module, and then stored in the buf at any time each time a new AC component value is obtained. The data in buf is then variance. The degree of stability of the waveform can thus be estimated by the value of the variance. In the technical scheme of the application, standard deviation calculation is not performed, so that the calculation of the root number can be reduced once, and the operation resource of the MCU is saved.
The waveform of the physiological signal of good optical detection in the normal working state is shown in fig. 1 (a), and the variance value calculated based on the waveform is between 100 and 3000 of the red light signal.
The calculated variance value at this time is far beyond 3000 for red and infrared, as shown in fig. 1 (b), when the device is detached, for example, when the finger clip is detached.
Further, the judgment process may follow the following principle:
through the above test, the judgment can be made according to various conditions of the finger grip operation. As shown in fig. 1 (C), the optically detected physiological signal is filtered, and then the peak-to-peak value of the waveform is obtained. The peak-to-peak value can then be buffered in an ringbuf (ring buffer), and the variance of the elements in the ringbuf is found again in the next step. The emitted light is directed to the receiver when the finger grip is not gripping a finger. The DC offset DC value of the data actually collected at this time is very large, and the judgment of the falling off detection can be performed based on this together with the variance.
It will be appreciated that the peak-to-peak calculation is time-window, for example, the heart beat frequency of a person is about 30-120 times per minute, and therefore the peak-to-peak calculation opinion window may be set to 2 seconds, that is, the complete waveform characteristics (both maximum and minimum) of an optically detected physiological signal must appear within 2 seconds for an optically detected physiological signal.
As shown in fig. 4, the SpO2 optical device may operate in a power saving mode. In the normal mode, normal ADC (analog-to-digital converter) data acquisition, spO2 value calculation and other operations can be performed, and at this time, both the Led lamp beads of the transmitter and the PD tube (photodiode) of the receiver are in normal operation, and power consumption is unavoidable in this mode.
In the power saving mode, the LED lamp beads of the transmitter and the PD tube of the receiver are all in a power-off state, the PD tube and the infrared lamp beads of the LED can be started once every second, and the state of the current direct current offset DC value is judged. If the dc value is in the normal range, the finger is considered to be inserted into the finger clip, at the moment, the red light and the infrared lamp beads can be continuously turned on, the power supply of the PD tube of the receiver is turned on, and normal data acquisition and processing are started; if not in the normal range, the device is considered to be still in a detached state.
In the power saving low power management scheme according to the present disclosure, detection is performed every one second. And detecting the DC value in the first step after each measurement of the leadoff state, and detecting the stability of the AC value (detection of peak-to-peak value of a period of time) if the DC value belongs to a preset normal working range. If the first step is incorrect, the second step is no longer detected.
In the case of a device falling off, the device is still set to detect a DC value at 1 second intervals by activating the lamp of the transmitter, and if it passes, it leaves the low power mode, enters the data acquisition mode, and further detects AC value stability. If both pass through the leave-completely-lead-off state, the lead-on state is entered. Here, lead off is the state of falling off, and the blood oxygen clip is not clipped with the finger. Lead on is the state of the blood oxygen clip plus the finger.
According to the technical scheme, the falling-off of the equipment can be accurately judged in a very simple mode with lower power consumption, excessive occupation of operation resources of the portable equipment is not needed, and the light-emitting element is not required to be continuously lightened, so that the optical equipment has longer endurance.
In this disclosure, features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments and/or in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments of the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. An optical signal detection and processing method for obtaining an optically detected physiological signal by detecting a change in blood volume in a blood vessel of a human tissue by a photoelectric sensor during operation of an optical device, the method comprising the steps of, in a computing module of the optical device:
providing a data buffer capable of storing an optically detected physiological signal for at least 3 predetermined time units;
the method comprises the steps of collecting and calculating, namely storing each DC component of a collected optical detected physiological signal into the data buffer area, and solving the variance of the value of the DC component to obtain a first waveform reference index value;
a comparison step; comparing the first waveform reference index value with a pre-stored reference index value range;
a judging step of outputting a signal that the equipment drops if the first waveform reference index value is greater than the maximum value of the reference index value; and if the first waveform reference index value is not greater than the maximum value of the reference index value, continuing to acquire a new optical detected physiological signal, and then executing the steps of acquisition and calculation.
2. The dropout detection method according to claim 1, further comprising executing within a computing module of the optical device the steps of:
setting a ring buffer area;
filtering the optical detected physiological signal to calculate the peak-to-peak value of the waveform of the AC component in the optical detected physiological signal within a preset time unit;
then buffering the obtained peak-to-peak value in the annular buffer area;
solving variance of the data in the annular buffer area, and taking the variance as a second reference index value;
comparing the second reference index value with a deviation reference value, and if the second reference index value is larger than the deviation reference value; the signal of the falling-off of the device is output.
3. The shedding detection method according to claim 2, wherein the reference index value range is 100 to 3000; the second reference index value is 3000.
4. A dropout detection method according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each of said predetermined time units is greater than 1.5 seconds.
5. An optical signal detection and processing device, characterized in that the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is run in a calculation module of the processing device.
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