CN116577311A - Protein determination analysis method - Google Patents
Protein determination analysis method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116577311A CN116577311A CN202310644234.9A CN202310644234A CN116577311A CN 116577311 A CN116577311 A CN 116577311A CN 202310644234 A CN202310644234 A CN 202310644234A CN 116577311 A CN116577311 A CN 116577311A
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- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 72
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N L-tryptophane Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C[C@H](N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-VIFPVBQESA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tryptophan Natural products C1=CC=C2C(CC(N)C(O)=O)=CNC2=C1 QIVBCDIJIAJPQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002731 protein assay Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000001917 fluorescence detection Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012460 protein solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000825 ultraviolet detection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003550 marker Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002795 fluorescence method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 102000039446 nucleic acids Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108020004707 nucleic acids Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 150000007523 nucleic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108060003951 Immunoglobulin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- -1 aromatic amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000695 excitation spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000018358 immunoglobulin Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002798 spectrophotometry method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012130 whole-cell lysate Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/33—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using ultraviolet light
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a protein determination analysis method, and belongs to the technical field of protein analysis chemistry. The protein assay method is characterized by comprising the steps of exciting tryptophan of protein in a sample and detecting the tryptophan of the excited protein in a fluorescence manner, wherein the sample does not need the pretreatment of carrying out chemical reaction on the protein to generate colored substances or adding a marker; the sample is contained in a detection tube made of quartz materials. The protein assay method of the present invention performs the assay by detecting the direct fluorescence of tryptophan stimulated emission of the protein injected into the detection tube. The protein to be detected can be directly detected without adding other markers, has higher sensitivity, does not need reaction time, can be detected by loading, has high detection speed, and can be selectively recovered after detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of protein analytical chemistry, and particularly relates to a protein determination analysis method.
Background
Protein assays are common analytical means for biochemistry and molecular biology. Because of its importance, there are a number of established detection methods, several of which are also widely used.
Protein assays generally fall into two categories: ultraviolet absorption or fluorescence. Ultraviolet absorbance methods can directly measure total protein in body fluids or protein solutions, but whole cell lysates of tissues cannot be measured in this way, and the presence of nucleic acids absorbs light in the same spectral range as proteins, thereby interfering with the detection of proteins. In contrast, the fluorescence method can measure fluorescence in the visible light region by measuring the fluorescence by combining a fluorescent dye, and can avoid such interference of nucleic acids. However, even though fluorescence has the advantage of avoiding interference over ultraviolet absorption, it is also clear that it requires measurement by binding to fluorescent dye, and that the protein cannot be recovered, which limits the application in the case of trace protein measurement.
BCA method is a relatively general method for measuring protein concentration at present, and Cu is added by protein 2+ Reduction to Cu + ，Cu + And forming a purple complex with the BCA reagent, and comparing the absorption value of the water-soluble complex at 562nm with a standard curve to calculate the concentration of the protein to be detected. Although this method is widely used, its indirect measurement method, the protein cannot be recovered, and its long reaction time brings great inconvenience.
The protein contains three different aromatic amino acids with benzene ring, phenol ring and indole ring. Each of these groups may be excited by ultraviolet light to fluoresce. In biochemistry, the structure and function of proteins are mainly analyzed by tryptophan fluorescence. Tryptophan fluorescence (WF) assay is a simple, sensitive and direct method, which has the advantages of high detection speed, recoverable protein and high sensitivity, and is an effective method for replacing BCA detection.
In the past, most of the devices used for measurement by tryptophan fluorescence method employ a fluorescence spectrometer. The fluorescence spectrometer is large in size, expensive in equipment and unfavorable for application. In addition, the ultraviolet spectrophotometry or the fluorescence spectrometer is used for measuring, the required sample size is large, and is mostly in the milliliter magnitude, so that the development of a miniaturized detection device based on tryptophan fluorescence (WF) is necessary, the consumable is simple and fast, the sample loading amount is small, and the problems in the prior art are at least partially solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses a protein assay analysis method, which comprises the steps of exciting tryptophan of protein in a sample and detecting the tryptophan of the excited protein in a fluorescence way, wherein the sample does not need the pretreatment of carrying out chemical reaction on the protein to generate colored substances or adding a marker;
the sample is contained in a detection tube made of quartz materials.
In some embodiments of the invention, the step of exciting tryptophan for the protein in the sample is performed by a fluorescence excitation light path comprising an excitation light source, preferably further comprising a filter.
In some embodiments of the invention, the step of fluorescence detection of tryptophan of the excited protein is performed by a fluorescence detection light path comprising a fluorescence detection device and a filter, preferably further comprising an emission end lens.
In some embodiments of the invention, the excitation light source is a light source that emits excitation light comprising wavelengths of 260nm to 300 nm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the fluorescence detection device is a detection device that detects fluorescence including wavelengths of 320nm to 380 nm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the detection tube has a capacity of no more than 200 μl, preferably the detection tube is a quartz capillary.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises the step of determining the ultraviolet absorbance of the protein in the sample.
In some embodiments of the invention, the step of determining the ultraviolet absorption of the protein in the sample is performed by a UV determination light path comprising a UV detection device, preferably further comprising a filter.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method further comprises a recovery step after detection of the sample.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method comprises the steps of:
s11, adding the prepared standard substance into a detection tube, exciting tryptophan of the protein in the standard substance, detecting fluorescence of the tryptophan of the excited protein, measuring a fluorescence value of the standard substance, and preparing a standard curve;
s12, taking the protein solution to be detected as a sample, adding the sample into a detection tube, exciting tryptophan of the protein in the sample, detecting fluorescence of the excited tryptophan of the protein, measuring a fluorescence value of the sample, and calculating the protein content of the sample according to a standard curve.
In some embodiments of the invention, the method comprises the steps of:
and adding the protein solution to be detected into a detection tube, and measuring the ultraviolet absorption value.
The beneficial effects are that:
the protein assay methods of the invention, in some embodiments, are performed by detecting the direct fluorescence of tryptophan stimulated emission of a protein injected into a test tube. The protein to be detected can be directly detected without adding other markers, has higher sensitivity, does not need reaction time, can be detected by loading, has high detection speed, and can be selectively recovered after detection. In some embodiments, for high concentration samples, the total protein can also be measured by ultraviolet method using UV measuring light path by measuring the absorption peak of the sample to be measured at 280 nm. The combination of tryptophan fluorescence and ultraviolet absorption allows for the detection of samples in a higher dynamic range.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the invention and together with the embodiments of the invention, serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view (plan view) of a fluorescence optical path structure of a protein assay according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detail view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view (top view) of the fluorescence light path and the ultraviolet light path of the protein assay according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic external structure of a protein assay according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a detection tube of a protein assay method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a tryptophan excitation and emission spectrum of a protein assay analysis method according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a standard curve of protein concentration and fluorescence detection values for a protein assay analysis method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein 1 is a quartz tube, 10 is a detection tube, 11 is a detection tube bracket, 21 is a fluorescence excitation light path, 22 is a fluorescence detection light path, 211 is an excitation light source, 212 is an excitation end filter, 213 is an excitation end lens, 224 is a transmitting end lens 1, 223 is a transmitting end filter, 222 is a transmitting end lens 2, 221 is a fluorescence receiving device, 23 is a UV detection light path, and 30 is a light-sealing mechanism.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The protein assay method of the present invention comprises a step of exciting tryptophan for a protein in a sample which does not require pretreatment of the protein to chemically react to produce a colored substance or to add a label, and a step of fluorescence detection of tryptophan for the excited protein. The step of exciting tryptophan of the protein in the sample is performed through a fluorescence excitation light path, and the step of fluorescence detection of tryptophan of the excited protein is performed through a fluorescence detection light path.
As shown in FIG. 4, a fluorescence analyzer for realizing the protein measurement and analysis method comprises a detection tube 10, a detection tube supporting mechanism, an optical detection mechanism and a light-sealing mechanism 30.
The detection tube 10 comprises a detection tube bracket 11 and a quartz tube 1, as shown in fig. 5. The quartz tube 1 can be fixed with the detection tube bracket through plugging, bonding, clamping and the like. The quartz tube 1 can bear a sample to be detected, and the detection tube bracket 11 and the detection tube supporting mechanism keep relatively fixed positions.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the optical detection mechanism includes a fluorescence detection light path for detecting tryptophan content, including a fluorescence excitation light path 21 and a fluorescence detection light path 22.
The optical detection mechanism is arranged normal to the quartz tube 1 and is used for exciting and detecting a sample to be detected in the quartz tube 1. In this embodiment, the fluorescence excitation light path 21 and the fluorescence detection light path 22 are disposed in a normal direction. Where 211 is the excitation light source (LED in the example), 212 is the excitation end filter (spectrum 280/20 in the example, i.e. from 270 to 290 nm), and 213 is the excitation end lens. The excitation light emitted by 211 passes through the excitation end filter 212, and light (270-290 nm) with specific wavelength is converged into the quartz tube 1 through the excitation end lens 213, so that tryptophan in the protein to be detected in the quartz tube 1 is excited to emit fluorescence. The fluorescence emission light path 22 is in the same plane with the fluorescence excitation light path 21 and the quartz tube 1, so that the fluorescence stimulated and emitted by the quartz tube 1 can be collected. Specifically, the fluorescence excited by the quartz tube 1 enters the emission end filter 223 (the spectrum is 330/20 in the embodiment, namely, from 320 to 340 nm) after passing through the emission end lens 1 224, the fluorescence with a specific wavelength (320 to 340 nm) is converged on the fluorescence receiving device 221 (the photomultiplier in the embodiment) through the emission end lens 2 222, the detected electric signal is subjected to analog-digital conversion, and enters a channel to be received by a computer end for subsequent data processing and analysis. The detection light path and the excitation light path may be at a plurality of angles, in an embodiment 90 degrees.
This example was performed by detecting the direct fluorescence of the stimulated emission of tryptophan by the protein injected into the test tube.
The shape of the quartz tube is not limited, the protein to be detected can be filled into the quartz tube for direct detection, other markers are not needed to be added, and the detected protein can be recovered selectively.
As shown in fig. 3, the optical detection mechanism may further include a UV measurement light path 23 for measuring protein content. The UV measuring light path 23 can measure ultraviolet absorption, is arranged in a straight line with the fluorescence excitation light path 21, the quartz tube 1 is positioned between the fluorescence excitation light path 21 and the UV measuring light path 23, and the UV measuring light path 23 further comprises a detection device and a filter with corresponding wavelength. For high concentration samples, the UV measuring light path can be used for measuring total protein by measuring the absorption peak of the sample to be measured at 280nm and using an ultraviolet method. A UV measurement light path may be provided around the detection tube. The UV measuring light path can measure ultraviolet absorption, is arranged in a straight line with the excitation light path, the detection tube is positioned between the excitation light path and the UV measuring light path, and the UV measuring light path at least comprises a detection device. In practice the excitation light path and the UV measurement light path may also comprise filters of corresponding wavelengths. The UV measurement light path can extend the analysis range of the analyzer. The traditional UV measuring light path has low sensitivity, cannot accurately measure low-concentration samples and is easily interfered by other substances, but the UV light path has a high measuring range, and can be matched with the UV light path for measuring high-concentration samples under the condition that the fluorescent light path is saturated.
The light-sealing mechanism 30 can seal light to the whole mechanism after the quartz tube 1 is inserted into the detection tube supporting mechanism.
The working flow of the fluorescence analyzer is as follows:
a sample to be tested is added into the detection tube 10;
turning on a light sealing mechanism 30 of the fluorometric analyzer;
placing the detection tube 10 into the detection tube bearing mechanism;
closing the light sealing mechanism 30 of the fluorometric analyzer;
excitation light of the optical detection mechanism is conducted, and excitation light with the center wavelength of 280nm is emitted;
the excitation light is incident to a sample to be tested in the quartz tube 1;
tryptophan in the sample to be detected is excited to emit fluorescence with the center wavelength of 350 nm;
the fluorescence detection light path receives fluorescence stimulated by tryptophan and emits, and the content of the protein of the sample to be detected is calculated through a standard curve;
the UV measuring light path 23 receives the absorption light after passing through the quartz tube 1, and the total protein content is calculated by calculating the absorption condition of 280 nm.
In particular the number of the elements,
(1) Calibrating or calibrating by using a standard substance;
(2) Using a sample to be tested for on-machine testing;
(3) And (3) carrying out protein concentration quantification by detecting the fluorescence value in the step (2) and matching with a standard curve.
The method for calibrating is as follows:
(1) A series of concentration standards (known concentration of protein, protein species are not limited, as an example, human immunoglobulin is used in this example);
(2) Respectively adding the standard substances into the quartz tube 1, and putting the quartz tube 1 into a detection instrument for data detection to obtain fluorescence values corresponding to the standard substances with different concentrations;
(3) And generating a standard curve by using the standard substance protein concentration and the detection fluorescence value, and obtaining the slope and intercept of the standard curve as shown in figure 7.
The quantitative method is as follows:
(1) Adding protein to be detected, and loading the mixture to obtain a detected fluorescence value;
(2) And (3) taking the fluorescence value into a standard curve, and calculating to obtain the concentration value of the protein to be detected through known slope and intercept.
As shown in FIG. 6, the fluorescence analyzer of the present invention can efficiently excite and emit tryptophan, and as shown in FIG. 7, the standard curve of the protein concentration and fluorescence detection value of the fluorescence analyzer of the present invention is good.
For high concentration samples, the UV measuring light path 23 can also be used for measuring total protein by measuring the absorption peak of the sample to be measured at 280nm by an ultraviolet method.
Through the design of the structure, the combination of the tryptophan fluorescence method and the ultraviolet absorption method can detect samples in a higher dynamic range, and the detection of low-concentration samples has higher sensitivity. Meanwhile, the method for directly measuring the protein can recover the protein, does not need reaction time, can detect the protein by loading the sample, has high detection speed and solves the pain point in the prior application.
While the preferred embodiments and examples of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples, and various changes may be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A protein assay method comprising the steps of exciting tryptophan for a protein in a sample and detecting the tryptophan for the excited protein in a fluorescent manner, wherein the sample does not require pretreatment of the protein to chemically react to produce a colored substance or to add a label;
the sample is contained in a detection tube made of quartz materials.
2. The protein assay method according to claim 1, wherein the step of exciting tryptophan for proteins in the sample is performed by a fluorescence excitation light path comprising an excitation light source, preferably further comprising a filter.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the step of fluorescence detection of tryptophan of the excited protein is performed by a fluorescence detection light path comprising a fluorescence detection device and a filter, preferably further comprising an emission end lens.
4. A protein assay method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the excitation light source is a light source which emits excitation light comprising a wavelength of 260nm to 300 nm;
and/or the fluorescence detection device is a detection device for detecting fluorescence with the wavelength of 320-380 nm.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the detection tube has a capacity of not more than 200. Mu.L, preferably the detection tube is a quartz capillary.
6. The protein assay method of any one of claims 1-5, further comprising the step of determining the ultraviolet absorbance of the protein in the sample.
7. The protein assay method according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the step of determining the ultraviolet absorption of the protein in the sample is performed by means of a UV assay light path comprising a UV detection device, preferably further comprising a filter.
8. The protein assay of any one of claims 1-7, further comprising a recovery step after detection of the sample.
9. The protein assay method of any one of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of:
s11, adding the prepared standard substance into a detection tube, exciting tryptophan of the protein in the standard substance, detecting fluorescence of the tryptophan of the excited protein, measuring a fluorescence value of the standard substance, and preparing a standard curve;
s12, taking the protein solution to be detected as a sample, adding the sample into a detection tube, exciting tryptophan of the protein in the sample, detecting fluorescence of the excited tryptophan of the protein, measuring a fluorescence value of the sample, and calculating the protein content of the sample according to a standard curve.
10. The protein assay method of any one of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of:
and adding the protein solution to be detected into a detection tube, and measuring the ultraviolet absorption value.
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| CN202310644234.9A CN116577311B (en) | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-01 | Protein determination analysis method |
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| CN202310644234.9A CN116577311B (en) | 2023-06-01 | 2023-06-01 | Protein determination analysis method |
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| WO2013163451A1 (en) * | 2012-04-27 | 2013-10-31 | Bio-Rad Laboratories, Inc. | Stain-free protein quantification and normalization |
| CN105300946B (en) * | 2015-11-12 | 2018-03-23 | 广西师范大学 | A kind of hypaphorine concentration measuring method based on fluorescent quantitation |
| CN106872704A (en) * | 2017-03-17 | 2017-06-20 | 中国科学院上海高等研究院 | The application of molecular labeling of eight kinds of protein as identification placenta percreta invasive depth stomach cancer |
| CN107576802A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-01-12 | 长春理工大学 | A kind of detection means and detection method of fluorescence micro albumen |
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