CN116577013A - Testing device for tightening torque and axial force of threaded structure - Google Patents

Testing device for tightening torque and axial force of threaded structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116577013A
CN116577013A CN202310349936.4A CN202310349936A CN116577013A CN 116577013 A CN116577013 A CN 116577013A CN 202310349936 A CN202310349936 A CN 202310349936A CN 116577013 A CN116577013 A CN 116577013A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
axial force
testing
tightening torque
piece
threaded
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Pending
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CN202310349936.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王欣
邓瑛
郑远泊
张荣霞
吴为
曾元松
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AVIC Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute
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AVIC Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute
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Application filed by AVIC Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute filed Critical AVIC Beijing Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology Research Institute
Priority to CN202310349936.4A priority Critical patent/CN116577013A/en
Publication of CN116577013A publication Critical patent/CN116577013A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/24Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for determining value of torque or twisting moment for tightening a nut or other member which is similarly stressed
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L5/00Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
    • G01L5/16Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring several components of force
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of mechanical assembly, in particular to a device for testing tightening torque and axial force of a threaded structure. The device comprises a sleeve nut, a male connector, a fixed bracket, an axial force transmission piece, a first ball and an axial force test piece; the external nut is in threaded connection with the first end of the male connector, the second end of the male connector penetrates through the fixed support, the axial force testing piece is installed on the fixed support, and the axial force transmitting piece sequentially penetrates through the external nut and the male connector and is in point contact with the axial force testing piece through the first ball. The device for testing the tightening torque and the axial force of the threaded structure aims to solve the problem that the difficulty in measuring the tightening torque and the axial force of a complex threaded structure is high.

Description

Testing device for tightening torque and axial force of threaded structure
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of mechanical assembly, in particular to a device for testing tightening torque and axial force of a threaded structure.
Background
Threaded connections are a detachable, reusable method of connection and are very widely used in a variety of mechanical devices. Are commonly used to attach and secure components. In the assembly process of some precise structures, the magnitude of the tightening torque directly determines the magnitude of the axial force generated between the connecting parts, and influences the reliability and the functionality of the structure, so that the relationship between the tightening torque and the axial force of the threaded connecting structure is accurately obtained, and the assembly level of the precise structures can be improved.
The relationship between the tightening torque and the axial force is given by domestic and foreign scholars through theoretical modeling, finite element simulation, design experiments and other methods, and the methods can give satisfactory solutions to some common threaded connection structures, but the methods have certain limitations along with the wider application of the threaded connection forms to various complex precise structures:
(1) When a theoretical modeling method is used for calculating the relation between the tightening torque and the axial force, the friction coefficient of a screw thread pair needs to be determined, the friction coefficient and the bearing radius of other contact surfaces also need to be determined for a complex structure, the friction coefficient is influenced by a plurality of factors such as materials, surface roughness, surface lubrication process parameters and the like, and the related parameters in the theoretical modeling method are not easy to determine for the complex structure using new materials and new surface treatment processes;
(2) In addition, the calculation accuracy of the finite element method has a great relation with the size of the grid, the setting of boundary conditions and other factors, and the calculation accuracy of the finite element method is difficult to measure for complex precise structures;
(3) In the conventional test method, a strain method is often adopted for measuring a general threaded connection structure (such as a bolt and a nut), and an axial force can be measured by directly attaching a strain gauge to the outer surface of a screw rod, but for some special threaded connection structures (shown in fig. 1), the axial force generated by a threaded piece to be measured in the screwing process acts on the inside of a coat nut, so that the strain gauge cannot be directly attached to the threaded piece to be measured for measurement.
Accordingly, the inventors provide a device for testing the tightening torque and axial force of a threaded structure.
Disclosure of Invention
(1) Technical problem to be solved
The embodiment of the application provides a device for testing tightening torque and axial force of a threaded structure, which solves the technical problem of high difficulty in measuring the tightening torque and axial force of a complex threaded structure.
(2) Technical proposal
The application provides a device for testing tightening torque and axial force of a threaded structure, which comprises a sleeve nut, a male joint, a fixed bracket, an axial force transmission piece, a first ball and an axial force test piece, wherein the sleeve nut is sleeved on the sleeve nut; wherein,,
the male connector comprises a male connector, a shaft force testing piece, a sleeve nut, a shaft force transmitting piece, a sleeve nut and a first ball, wherein the sleeve nut is in threaded connection with the first end of the male connector, the second end of the male connector penetrates through the fixing support, the shaft force testing piece is mounted on the fixing support, and the shaft force transmitting piece sequentially penetrates through the sleeve nut, the male connector and the shaft force testing piece in point contact through the first ball.
Further, the testing device further comprises a cushion block, and one end of the axial force testing piece is in contact with the lower end face of the fixed support through the cushion block.
Further, the testing device further comprises a second ball, and one end of the axial force testing piece is in point contact with the cushion block through the second ball.
Further, the fixing support comprises fixing plates and supporting columns, and the fixing plates are arranged at intervals along the vertical direction and fixedly connected through the supporting columns.
Further, the fixing plate is of a square flat plate structure, and threaded holes for being matched with other structures are formed in the fixing plate.
Further, the support column is of a cylindrical structure, and two ends of the support columns are connected to corners of the fixing plate.
Further, the axial force transmission member has a cylindrical structure with a stepped feature, a thick section having an outer diameter smaller than an inner thread of the male coupling, and a thin section having an outer diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the male coupling, the thick section being engaged with the male coupling through a contact surface in an axial direction.
Further, the axial force test piece is of a cylindrical structure, and a strain gauge for measuring axial deformation is attached to the surface of the axial force test piece, or axial force data is directly obtained by using a pressure sensor.
Further, when the axial force test piece is of a stepped shaft structure, the number of the fixing plates is at least three, and a set gap is formed between the lower end of each radial section of the axial force test piece and the adjacent lower fixing plate when the tightening torque is smaller than a set value.
Further, the axial force test piece comprises a plurality of sections of columnar bodies which are connected with each other and gradually decrease in radial dimension.
(3) Advantageous effects
In summary, the axial force transmission part transmits the axial force generated in the structure in the assembly process of the threaded connection structure formed by the external nut, the male connector and the threaded part to be tested to the external axial force test structure for measurement, so that the problem that the axial force generated in the structure is difficult to be measured when the tightening torque of the complex threaded connection structure acts is solved. Meanwhile, when threaded connectors with different specifications are tested, only the specifications of threads on the male connector are required to be changed, corresponding outer nuts are required to be replaced, the whole tool is not required to be modified, and the complicated device disassembling process is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an assembly of a prior art threaded connection;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for testing tightening torque and axial force of a threaded structure according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a device for testing tightening torque and axial force of a threaded structure according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another device for testing screw tightening torque and axial force according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another thread form tightening torque and axial force testing device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of an axial force test piece with a stepped shaft structure according to an embodiment of the present application.
In the figure:
1-a coat nut; 2-male linker; 3-fixing plates; 4-supporting columns; 5-an axial force transmission member; 6-a first ball; 7-an axial force test piece; 8-cushion blocks; 9-a second ball; 100-the screw to be measured.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following detailed description of the embodiments and the accompanying drawings are provided to illustrate the principles of the application and are not intended to limit the scope of the application, i.e., the application is not limited to the embodiments described, but covers any modifications, substitutions and improvements in parts, components and connections without departing from the spirit of the application.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, or the directions or positional relationships conventionally put in place when the product of the present application is used, or the directions or positional relationships conventionally understood by those skilled in the art are merely for convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly stated and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed" and "mounted" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a device for testing tightening torque and axial force of a threaded structure according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 2 to 3, the device may include a casing nut 1, a male connector 2, a fixing bracket, an axial force transmission member 5, a first ball 6, and an axial force testing member 7; the coat nut 1 is in threaded connection with the first end of the male joint 2, the second end of the male joint 2 penetrates through the fixed support, the axial force test piece 7 is installed on the fixed support, and the axial force transmission piece 5 sequentially penetrates through the coat nut 1 and the male joint 2 and is in point contact with the axial force test piece 7 through the first ball 6.
In the above embodiment, the axial force generated in the assembly process of the threaded connection structure formed by the external nut 1, the male joint 2 and the screw 100 to be measured is transmitted to the external axial force test structure by the axial force transmitter 5 to be measured. As shown in fig. 1, in the assembly process, the screw member 100 to be measured is connected with the male joint 2 through a threaded structure, and axial force is generated by mutual extrusion between the screw member 100 to be measured and the male joint 2 in the screwing process, and because the stress part of the screw member 100 to be measured is in the interior of the coat nut 1 in the compression process, the measurement is inconvenient, and therefore, the axial force transmitting member 5 is adopted to replace the screw member 100 to be measured, and the generated axial force is transmitted to the outside for measurement, so that the problem that the axial force is generated in the structure and is difficult to be measured when the screwing moment acts on the complex threaded connection structure is solved. Meanwhile, when testing threaded connectors with different specifications, only the specifications of threads on the male connector 2 are required to be changed, and the corresponding outer sleeve nuts 1 are required to be replaced, so that the whole tool is not required to be modified, and the complicated device disassembling process is avoided.
When the testing device is used for testing threaded connectors with different specifications, friction on the threaded surfaces of the sleeve nut 1 and the male connector 2 is considered, friction on the matching surface between the sleeve nut 1 and the shaft force transmission piece 5 is also considered, and the testing result is closer to the actual assembly result.
Wherein, the coat nut 1 can be selected according to the actual thread structure, and only one type of coat nut is shown in fig. 2-3, and the inside of the coat nut is provided with threads matched with the thread structure on the male joint 2; the two ends of the male connector 2 are respectively matched with the fixed support and the coat nut 1, so that the effect of providing a thread structure matched with the coat nut 1 is achieved, and the threads are only required to be consistent with the threads in the actual structure.
Meanwhile, the purpose of providing the first balls 6 on the contact surface of the axial force transmitting member 5 and the axial force testing member 7 is to ensure that the axial force transmitting member does not shift during the axial force transmission.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2-3, the testing device further comprises a spacer 8, and one end of the axial force test piece 7 is in contact with the lower end surface of the fixed bracket through the spacer 8.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the testing device further includes a second ball 9, and one end of the axial force test piece 7 is in point contact with the pad 8 through the second ball 9. The purpose of the second balls 9 on the contact surface of the axial force test element 7 with the spacer 8 is to cooperate with the first balls 6 in order to ensure that no deflection occurs during the transmission of axial forces.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the fixing bracket includes a fixing plate 3 and a strut 4, and a plurality of fixing plates 3 disposed at intervals in a vertical direction are fixedly connected by the strut 4.
Specifically, the fixing support has a single layer or a multi-layer structure formed by overlapping a plurality of single layers, and can selectively measure the deformation of different positions of the axial force test piece 7 according to the magnitude of the tightening torque, so that the high-precision measurement of the axial force under the large-range tightening torque is realized.
As an alternative embodiment, the fixing plate 3 is a square flat plate structure, and a threaded hole for matching with other structures is formed on the fixing plate. In particular, as shown in fig. 2, the fixing plate 3 is used to cooperate with other structures to fix the whole device.
As an alternative embodiment, the struts 4 have a cylindrical structure, and both ends of the plurality of struts 4 are connected to corners of the fixing plate 3. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the support posts 4 have four or more groups in total, and are located at four corners of the square fixing plate 3 for supporting the entire test device.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the shaft force transmission member 5 has a cylindrical structure with a stepped feature, a thick section having an outer diameter smaller than that of the internal thread of the cap nut 1, and a thin section having an outer diameter smaller than that of the male coupling 2, which is engaged with the cap nut 1 through a contact surface in the axial direction. The specific structure of the axial force transmission member 5 is to facilitate the threaded assembly of the two ends with the external nut 1 and the male connector 2, and the shapes of the two ends are respectively matched with the internal threads of the corresponding external nut 1 and the inner cavity of the male connector 2, which are not described herein.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the axial force test piece 7 has a cylindrical structure, and a strain gauge for measuring axial deformation is attached to the surface of the axial force test piece, or axial force data is directly obtained by using a pressure sensor. The axial force test piece 7 is used as a replacement of the screw piece 100 to be tested, and the axial force of the axial force test piece 7 obtained through the strain gauge or the pressure sensor is the axial force applied to the screw piece 100 to be tested in the assembly process.
As an alternative embodiment, as shown in fig. 4 to 5, there are at least three fixing plates 3, and the lower end of each of the same diameter sections of the axial force test piece 7 has a set gap with the adjacent lower fixing plate 3 when the tightening torque is smaller than the set value.
Specifically, when a large-scale tightening torque is tested, a multi-layer structure can be formed by stacking a single-layer structure, the axial force test piece 7 uses a stepped shaft structure, a thicker shaft is arranged on the upper layer of the device, holes are formed between layers, a certain gap is formed between the end face of the connecting part of the thicker shaft and the thinner shaft and the layers (as shown in fig. 5), assuming that the length of the thinner shaft of the axial force test piece 7 is L, the moment of inertia of the section is I, the area of the cross section is A, and the initial gap d between the end face of the thicker shaft and the layers is calculated according to the following formula. When the measured tightening torque is smaller, the deformation of the thin shaft of the axial force test piece is easier to measure, the axial force data is obtained by the deformation of the thin shaft, and when the tightening torque is about to exceed the bearing limit of the thin shaft, the end face of the thick shaft is contacted with the laminate, and the thin shaftThe upright post of the layer bears axial load with the thin shaft at the same time, so that the thin shaft is prevented from buckling, at the moment, the thick shaft of the axial force test piece can also generate deformation which is easy to measure, and the measurement data of the axial force are obtained by the thick shaft:
as an alternative embodiment, the axial force test element 7 comprises a plurality of cylindrical bodies which are connected to each other and have a radial dimension which decreases in sequence. In particular, a specific structural form of the axial force test piece 7 of the stepped shaft structure is provided, which is similar to a telescopic mobile phone selfie stick, but is different in that each section post is fixedly connected, and axial telescopic movement does not occur between each section post.
Example 1
The device for testing the tightening torque and the axial force of the thread structure is applied to testing of aviation hydraulic pipe joints. For a certain type of pipe joint, the external sleeve nut is connected with the male joint by using a threaded structure with MJ14 x 1.5 specification, the internal diameter of the external sleeve nut is 12.54mm, the internal diameter of the male joint is 7mm, the fixed plate thickness is 10mm, the support column is a cylinder with the diameter of 10mm, the contact surface of the axial force transmission piece and the external sleeve nut is processed according to an actual structure, the axial force test piece is a cylinder with the diameter of 5mm, the material is steel, the elastic modulus is 200GPa, the test device is assembled according to the figure 2, the whole device is fixed on a workbench, a strain gauge is attached along the axial direction of the axial force test piece and connected with a strain sensor, during test, the size of tightening torque is controlled by using a torque wrench, the axial deformation of the axial force test piece is read through the sensor, and the size of the axial force is obtained according to the elastic modulus of the axial force test piece.
Through experiments, when the tightening torque is 18Nm, 20Nm and 22Nm, the axial force on the axial force test piece is 8571N, 9524N and 10477N respectively, and according to the calculation formulas of the tightening torque and the axial force:
T=kFd;
wherein T is a tightening torque, F is an axial force, d is a nominal diameter of the thread, k is a tightening torque coefficient, and k is calculated from the obtained test data to have a value of 0.15, whereby the relation between the tightening torque and the axial force has been obtained.
It should be understood that, in the present specification, each embodiment is described in an incremental manner, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments are all referred to each other, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments. The application is not limited to the specific steps and structures described above and shown in the drawings. Also, a detailed description of known method techniques is omitted here for the sake of brevity.
The above is only an example of the present application and is not limited to the present application. Various modifications and alterations of this application will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of this application. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. which come within the spirit and principles of the application are to be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The device for testing the tightening torque and the axial force of the thread structure is characterized by comprising a sleeve nut (1), a male joint (2), a fixed bracket, an axial force transmission piece (5), a first ball (6) and an axial force testing piece (7); wherein,,
the male connector comprises a male connector (2) and is characterized in that the male connector (2) is connected with a first end of the male connector (1) in a threaded mode, a second end of the male connector (2) penetrates through the fixed support, a shaft force test piece (7) is mounted on the fixed support, and a shaft force transmission piece (5) penetrates through the male connector (2) and is in point contact with the shaft force test piece (7) through a first ball (6) in sequence.
2. The device for testing the tightening torque and the axial force of the threaded structure according to claim 1, further comprising a cushion block (8), wherein one end of the axial force testing piece (7) is in contact with the lower end face of the fixed bracket through the cushion block (8).
3. The device for testing the tightening torque and the axial force of the threaded structure according to claim 2, further comprising a second ball (9), wherein one end of the axial force testing member (7) is in point contact with the pad (8) through the second ball (9).
4. The device for testing the tightening torque and the axial force of the threaded structure according to claim 1, wherein the fixing bracket comprises a fixing plate (3) and a strut (4), and a plurality of fixing plates (3) arranged at intervals along the vertical direction are fixedly connected through the strut (4).
5. The device for testing the tightening torque and the axial force of the threaded structure according to claim 4, wherein the fixing plate (3) is a square flat plate structure, and is provided with threaded holes for being matched with other structures.
6. The device for testing the tightening torque and the axial force of the threaded structure according to claim 4, wherein the support posts (4) are cylindrical structures, and two ends of a plurality of the support posts (4) are connected to corners of the fixing plate (3).
7. The device for testing the tightening torque and the axial force of the threaded structure according to claim 4, wherein the axial force transmission member (5) is a cylindrical structure with a stepped feature, the outer diameter of a thick section of which is smaller than the inner thread of the external nut (1), and the outer diameter of a thin section of which is smaller than the inner diameter of the male joint (2) by being engaged with the external nut (1) through a contact surface in the axial direction.
8. The device for testing the tightening torque and the axial force of the threaded structure according to claim 1, wherein the axial force testing piece (7) is of a cylindrical structure, and a strain gauge for measuring the axial deformation is attached to the surface of the axial force testing piece, or the axial force data is directly obtained by using a pressure sensor.
9. The device for testing the tightening torque and the axial force of the threaded structure according to claim 4, wherein when the axial force testing piece (7) is of a stepped shaft structure, the number of the fixing plates (3) is at least three, and a set gap is formed between the lower end of each same diameter section of the axial force testing piece (7) and the adjacent lower fixing plate (3) when the tightening torque is smaller than a set value.
10. A device for testing the tightening torque and the axial force of a threaded structure according to claim 9, characterized in that said axial force testing member (7) comprises a plurality of cylindrical segments connected to each other and decreasing in radial dimension.
CN202310349936.4A 2023-04-04 2023-04-04 Testing device for tightening torque and axial force of threaded structure Pending CN116577013A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310349936.4A CN116577013A (en) 2023-04-04 2023-04-04 Testing device for tightening torque and axial force of threaded structure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310349936.4A CN116577013A (en) 2023-04-04 2023-04-04 Testing device for tightening torque and axial force of threaded structure

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116577013A true CN116577013A (en) 2023-08-11

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117910166A (en) * 2024-01-29 2024-04-19 北京港城石化设备配件有限公司 Threaded fastener design method and system

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117910166A (en) * 2024-01-29 2024-04-19 北京港城石化设备配件有限公司 Threaded fastener design method and system

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