CN116576707B - Design method, device, equipment, medium and system of gradient phase-change heat storage system - Google Patents
Design method, device, equipment, medium and system of gradient phase-change heat storage system Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of heat storage, in particular to a design method, a device, equipment, a medium and a system of a gradient phase change heat storage system, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring the flow rate and the corresponding temperature, the highest heat release temperature and the lowest heat release temperature of heat storage fluid of the current-stage phase change heat storage unit; establishing a heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve according to the flow and the corresponding temperature of the heat accumulation fluid, calculating the heat accumulation quantity of the phase change heat accumulation unit according to the phase change temperature and the heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve, and calculating the temperature of the heat release fluid after the next-stage phase change heat accumulation unit is heated according to the heat accumulation quantity, the current heat satisfaction rate and the highest heat release temperature; and obtaining a design scheme until the number of stages of the phase change heat storage units meets the target number of steps and the heat storage capacity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit meets the heat release requirement. Therefore, the problems that the temperature grade requirements in different waste heat utilization situations cannot be met, the energy storage and release circulation efficiency is low and the like in the related technology are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of heat storage, in particular to a design method, a device, equipment, a medium and a system of a gradient phase change heat storage system.
Background
Along with the increasingly normal energy demand and the proposal of a double-carbon target, the development of a novel environment-friendly energy-saving technology and the energy-saving environment-friendly improvement and upgrading of the existing energy conversion technology are urgently needed to promote the reform of an energy structure system in China. The energy storage technology is a key technology for solving the problem of mismatching of energy supply and demand, and can play roles in peak clipping, valley filling, energy conservation and emission reduction. Compared with other energy storage modes, the heat storage technology has great advantages in the aspects of environmental impact, safe operation, economic cost and the like, and has great application potential in the fields of solar heat collection, industrial waste heat recovery and the like, so that popularization and application of the heat storage technology have great significance for realizing the double-carbon target.
Compared with a sensible heat storage unit, the phase change heat storage unit has higher energy density due to the fact that the property of absorbing or releasing a large amount of heat when the material is subjected to phase change is utilized, the heat storage performance is about 5-10 times or even higher than that of the sensible heat storage unit, meanwhile, compared with a chemical heat storage technology, the phase change heat storage technology is more mature, and the operation is safe and stable, so that the phase change heat storage unit plays an important role in the heat storage technology. However, most of the designs of the existing phase-change heat storage devices are from the viewpoint of improving the capacity of heat exchange, but the coupling matching problem between energy flows with different energy sizes and energy (temperature) grades in the heat storage and heat release processes is not considered, so that the phase-change heat storage device has a certain blindness for selecting the phase-change temperature. For example, in a distributed solar heat collection system or industrial waste heat recovery, the stored heat can be used for the situations of ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle ) power generation, absorption refrigeration, dehumidification, heat supply and the like, however, in the heat storage stage, the magnitude and grade of the input heat at different moments can fluctuate, and in the heat release stage, the requirements of different waste heat utilization situations on the magnitude and grade of the heat are different (for example, the generating temperature of double-effect absorption refrigeration is generally higher than 130 ℃ and the heat supply temperature is generally not higher than 80 ℃), the excessive high phase change temperature can cause that a large amount of low-grade waste heat in the energy storage process is difficult to store and finally waste to the environment, and the excessive low phase change temperature can cause that the energy release process cannot provide high-grade heat to meet the requirements of different waste heat utilization situations.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a design method, a device, equipment, a medium and a system of a gradient phase change heat storage system, which are used for solving the problems that the temperature grade requirements in different waste heat utilization situations cannot be met, the energy storage and release circulation efficiency is low and the like in the related technology.
An embodiment of a first aspect of the present application provides a method for designing a stepped phase-change heat storage system including a multi-stage phase-change heat storage unit and a plurality of waste heat utilization devices, wherein the method includes the steps of: acquiring the flow and the corresponding temperature of heat storage fluid of the current-stage phase change heat storage unit in a heat storage stage, and the highest heat release temperature and the lowest heat release temperature of each waste heat utilization device in the current heat release stage; establishing a heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve according to the flow and the corresponding temperature of the heat accumulation fluid, calculating the heat accumulation quantity of the current-stage phase change heat accumulation unit according to the phase change temperature of the current-stage phase change heat accumulation unit and the heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve, and calculating the temperature of the heat release fluid heated by the next-stage phase change heat accumulation unit according to the heat accumulation quantity, the current heat satisfaction rate and the highest heat release temperature; if the heat release fluid temperature is greater than the lowest heat release temperature and the number of stages of the phase change heat storage units does not meet the target number of steps, calculating the heat storage quantity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit according to the heat release fluid temperature until the number of stages of the phase change heat storage units meets the target number of steps and the heat storage quantity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is judged to meet the heat release requirement, obtaining a design scheme of the step phase change heat storage system, otherwise, correcting the current heat to meet the heat release rate and continuing the heat release fluid temperature after the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is heated.
Optionally, the calculating the heat storage capacity of the current-stage phase-change heat storage unit according to the phase-change temperature of the current-stage phase-change heat storage unit and the heat storage enthalpy temperature curve includes: respectively calculating the respective enthalpy values of the phase change temperature and the highest heat storage temperature based on the heat storage enthalpy temperature curve; and calculating the heat storage quantity of the current-stage phase-change heat storage unit according to the respective enthalpy values of the phase-change temperature and the highest heat storage temperature.
Optionally, the calculating the temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit according to the stored heat, the current heat satisfaction rate and the maximum heat release temperature includes: solving the first equation delta· (g (T r,max )-g(x))＝Q cas,1 Obtaining the temperature of the heat release fluid after the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is heated, wherein delta represents the heat satisfaction rate, and g (T r,max ) Representing the relationship of the heat release enthalpy temperature constructed from the highest heat release temperature and the lowest heat release temperature of the heat release fluid at each waste heat utilization device in the heat release stage, T r,max Represents the highest heat release temperature, x represents the heat release fluid temperature after being heated by the next-stage phase change unit, g (x) represents the heat contained in the part with the temperature below x ℃ in the total enthalpy value of the heat release fluid, and Q cas,1 And representing the heat accumulation and heat preservation quantity of the current-stage phase change unit, and if the first equation is not solved or the heat release fluid temperature is equal to the lowest heat release temperature, correcting the current heat satisfaction rate and then continuing the heat release fluid temperature after the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is heated.
Optionally, the calculating the heat storage amount of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit according to the heat release fluid temperature includes: solving the second equation delta· (g (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(x))＝Q cas,j Wherein T is cas,j The phase transition temperature of the jth phase transition unit is represented, deltaT represents the heat exchange temperature difference, Q cas,j Represent the firstThe j-stage phase change unit stores heat; if the second equation has a solution, T cas,j+1 ＝x+ΔT，Q cas,j+1 ＝f(T cas,j +ΔT)-f(T cas,j+1 +DeltaT), and after correcting the number of stages of the phase-change heat storage unit, continuously judging whether the number of stages of the phase-change heat storage unit meets the target number of steps, wherein f (T) cas,j +ΔT represents the total enthalpy of the hot fluid at a temperature (T) cas,j Heat contained in the part of +DeltaT DEG C or less, (T) cas,j +ΔT)-f(T cas,j+1 +ΔT represents the temperature of the heat storage fluid in the temperature range [ Tcas, j+1+ΔT, tcas, j+ΔT ]]]The amount of heat contained in the heat pump; and if the second equivalent type does not have a solution, correcting the current heat satisfaction rate and then continuing the temperature of the heat release fluid heated by the next-stage phase change heat storage unit.
Optionally, the determining that the heat storage capacity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit meets the heat release requirement includes: when the number of stages of the phase change heat storage unit satisfies the target number of steps, δ· (g (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ) And Q) cas,j Is of a size of (2); if delta (g (T) cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ))>Q cas,j And (3) reducing the current heat satisfaction rate and continuing to heat the heat release fluid after the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is heated, if delta (g (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ))<Q cas,j The temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is continued after the current heat meeting rate is increased; and if the two are equal, judging that the heat storage capacity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit meets the heat release requirement, and obtaining the final heat satisfaction rate.
Optionally, after the design scheme of the stepped phase change heat storage system is obtained, the method further comprises: adjusting the design scheme according to the final heat satisfaction rate, wherein if the final heat satisfaction rate is larger than a preset value, the heat demand proportion of each component in the heat release stage is adjusted; and if the final heat satisfaction rate is smaller than the preset value, adding waste heat utilization equipment.
An embodiment of the second aspect of the present application provides a design apparatus of a stepped phase-change heat storage system including a multi-stage phase-change heat storage unit and a plurality of waste heat utilization devices, including: the acquisition module is used for acquiring the flow and the corresponding temperature of the heat storage fluid of the current-stage phase change heat storage unit in the heat storage stage, and the highest heat release temperature and the lowest heat release temperature of each waste heat utilization device in the current heat release stage; the first calculation module is used for establishing a heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve according to the flow and the corresponding temperature of the heat accumulation fluid, calculating the heat accumulation quantity of the current-stage phase change heat accumulation unit according to the phase change temperature of the current-stage phase change heat accumulation unit and the heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve, and calculating the temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat accumulation unit according to the heat accumulation quantity, the current heat satisfaction rate and the highest heat release temperature; and the second calculation module is used for calculating the heat storage quantity of the next-stage phase-change heat storage unit according to the heat release fluid temperature if the heat release fluid temperature is greater than the lowest heat release temperature and the number of stages of the phase-change heat storage units does not meet the target number of stages, and obtaining the design scheme of the cascade phase-change heat storage system until the number of stages of the phase-change heat storage units meets the target number of stages and the heat storage quantity of the next-stage phase-change heat storage unit is judged to meet the heat release requirement, otherwise, correcting the current heat meeting rate and continuing the heat release fluid temperature after the next-stage phase-change heat storage unit is heated.
Optionally, the first computing module is further configured to: respectively calculating the respective enthalpy values of the phase change temperature and the highest heat storage temperature based on the heat storage enthalpy temperature curve; and calculating the heat storage of the current-stage phase-change heat storage unit according to the enthalpy values of the phase-change temperature and the highest heat storage temperature.
Optionally, the first computing module is further configured to: solving the first equation delta· (g (T r,max )-g(x))＝Q cas,1 Obtaining the temperature of the heat release fluid after the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is heated, wherein delta represents the heat satisfaction rate, and g (T r,max ) Representing the relationship of the heat release enthalpy temperature constructed from the highest heat release temperature and the lowest heat release temperature of the heat release fluid at each waste heat utilization device in the heat release stage, T r,max Represents the highest heat release temperature, x represents the heat release fluid temperature after being heated by the next-stage phase change unit, g (x) represents the heat contained in the part with the temperature below x ℃ in the total enthalpy value of the heat release fluid, and Q cas,1 And representing the heat accumulation and heat preservation quantity of the current-stage phase change unit, and if the first equation is not solved or the heat release fluid temperature is equal to the lowest heat release temperature, correcting the current heat satisfaction rate and then continuing the heat release fluid temperature after the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is heated.
Optionally, the second computing module is further configured to: solving a second equation, wherein T cas,j The phase transition temperature of the jth phase transition unit is represented, deltaT represents the heat exchange temperature difference, Q cas,j Indicating that the j-th phase change unit stores heat; if the second equation has a solution, T cas,j+1 ＝x+ΔT，Q cas,j+1 ＝f(T cas,j +ΔT)-f(T cas,j+1 +DeltaT), and after correcting the number of stages of the phase-change heat storage unit, continuously judging whether the number of stages of the phase-change heat storage unit meets the target number of steps, wherein f (T) cas,j +ΔT represents the total enthalpy value of the heat storage fluid at a temperature of (T) cas,j Heat contained in the part of +DeltaT DEG C or less, (T) cas,j +ΔT)-f(T cas,j+1 +ΔT) indicates that the heat storage fluid is in the temperature interval [ T ] cas,j+1 +ΔT,T cas,j +ΔT]The amount of heat contained in the heat pump; and if the second equivalent type does not have a solution, correcting the current heat satisfaction rate and then continuing the temperature of the heat release fluid heated by the next-stage phase change heat storage unit.
Optionally, the second computing module is further configured to: when the number of stages of the phase change heat storage unit satisfies the target number of steps, δ· (g (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ) And Q) cas,j Is of a size of (2); if delta (g (t) cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ))>Q cas,j And (3) reducing the current heat satisfaction rate and continuing to heat the heat release fluid after the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is heated, if delta (g (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ))<Q cas,j The temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is continued after the current heat meeting rate is increased; and if the two are equal, judging that the heat storage capacity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit meets the heat release requirement, and obtaining the final heat satisfaction rate.
Optionally, the method further comprises: the adjusting module is used for adjusting the design scheme according to the final heat satisfaction rate after the design scheme of the cascade phase-change heat storage system is obtained, wherein if the final heat satisfaction rate is larger than a preset value, the heat demand proportion of each component in the heat release stage is adjusted; and if the final heat satisfaction rate is smaller than the preset value, adding waste heat utilization equipment.
An embodiment of a third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, including: the system comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the design method of the gradient phase-change heat storage system.
An embodiment of a fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program for execution by a processor for implementing the method of designing a stepped phase change heat storage system as described in the above embodiment.
An embodiment of a fifth aspect of the present application provides a stepped phase change heat storage system, which is characterized in that the stepped phase change heat storage system is designed based on the design method of the stepped phase change heat storage system described in the above embodiment, and includes: the system comprises a multi-stage phase change heat storage unit and a plurality of waste heat utilization devices, wherein each stage of phase change heat storage unit is used for storing heat in a heat storage stage, and each stage of phase change heat storage unit is connected with one or more waste heat utilization devices which are used for releasing heat in a heat release stage.
Therefore, the application has at least the following beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment of the application, through the synergistic heat storage effect of the multi-stage phase change units, the heat storage efficiency can be effectively increased, the waste of low-grade heat can be reduced, and the graded storage of different grade heat can be realized, so that the temperature grade requirements of different waste heat utilization situations can be combined in the heat release stage, the phase change heat storage units with corresponding grades can be flexibly selected for heat extraction, and the heat storage and release energy circulation can be effectively improvedEfficiency and energy conservation, realizing temperature opposite-mouth and cascade utilization; is a step phase change heat storage systemThe selection of the phase change temperature in the system provides theoretical guidance, and the cascade phase change heat storage unit can realize energy-grade matching in the energy storage and release circulation of multi-energy flow coupling by reasonably arranging the phase change heat storage temperatures of all levels, so that the heat demand of various waste heat utilization situations is met to the maximum degree in the heat release stage, and the energy storage and release circulation efficiency, the energy conservation and other beneficial effects are further improved. Therefore, the technical problems that the temperature grade requirements in different waste heat utilization situations cannot be met, the energy storage and release circulation efficiency is low and the like in the related technology are solved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the application.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a design method of a stepped phase change heat storage system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a calculation flow chart of a design method of a stepped phase change heat storage system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a graph of enthalpy versus temperature for an energy storage heat exchange fluid provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the enthalpy-temperature relationship of the energy-releasing heat exchange fluid at different heat satisfaction rates and set values provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic illustration of an energy storage and release heat exchange fluid provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of heat stored in a level 1 phase change heat storage unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of heat stored in a level 2 phase change heat storage unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of heat stored in a level 3 phase change heat storage unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of an energy storage and release arrangement scheme of a stepped phase change heat storage system according to an embodiment of the present application;
Fig. 10 is an exemplary diagram of a design apparatus of a stepped phase change heat storage system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present application and should not be construed as limiting the application.
The following describes a design method, a device, equipment, a medium and a system of a gradient phase change heat storage system according to an embodiment of the application with reference to the accompanying drawings. Aiming at the problem that the efficiency of the phase-change heat storage device is lower because the coupling matching problem among energy flows with different energy sizes and energy (temperature) grades in the heat storage and release processes is not considered in most of the conventional phase-change heat storage devices in the phase-change heat storage technology in the background art, the application provides a design method of a stepped phase-change heat storage system. Therefore, the problems that the temperature grade requirements in different waste heat utilization situations cannot be met, the energy storage and release circulation efficiency is low and the like in the related technology are solved.
Specifically, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a design method of a stepped phase change heat storage system according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the design method of the stepped phase-change heat storage system comprises a multi-stage phase-change heat storage unit and a plurality of waste heat utilization devices, and comprises the following steps:
in step S101, the flow rate and the corresponding temperature of the heat storage fluid of the current-stage phase-change heat storage unit in the heat storage stage, and the maximum heat release temperature and the minimum heat release temperature at each waste heat utilization device in the current heat release stage are acquired.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the volumetric phase-change heat storage system is adopted as the heat storage device (the step number k is greater than or equal to 2), and for convenience of explanation, the current level is taken as the 1 st level as an example.
Specifically, in the embodiment of the application, the flow m of the heat storage fluid at each moment in the heat storage stage is recorded s,t1 ,m s,t2 ,…m s,tn Corresponding temperature T s,t1 ,T s,t2 ,…T s,tn At the same time comparing to obtain the highest heat accumulating temperature T s,max ＝max(T s,t1 ,T s,t2 ,…T s,tn ). According to the requirement, setting the heat release fluid flow m required by each waste heat utilization device in the heat release stage r,1 ,m r,2 ,…m r,m And records the inlet and outlet temperatures T of the corresponding heat release fluid at each waste heat utilization device r,1,in ,T r,2,in ,…T r,m,in T and T r,1,out ,T r,2,out ,…T r,m,out (inlet temperature is higher than outlet temperature) and the highest heat release temperature T is obtained by comparison r,max ＝max(T r,1,in ,T r,2,in ,…T r,m,in ) And the lowest heat release temperature T t,min ＝min(T r,1,out ,T r,2,out ,…T r,m,out )。
In step S102, a heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve is established according to the flow rate and the corresponding temperature of the heat accumulation fluid, the heat accumulation amount of the current-stage phase-change heat accumulation unit is calculated according to the phase change temperature and the heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve of the current-stage phase-change heat accumulation unit, and the temperature of the heat release fluid heated by the next-stage phase-change heat accumulation unit is calculated according to the heat accumulation amount, the current heat satisfaction rate and the highest heat release temperature.
The heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve is established according to the flow and the corresponding temperature of the heat accumulation fluid, and is as follows: taking the ambient temperature T by combining physical data such as specific heat capacity of the heat storage fluid 0 The enthalpy value is zeroObtaining the change of the total enthalpy value of the heat storage fluid along with the temperature:wherein, the enthalpy-temperature curve H s The expression =f (T) represents an enthalpy value equal to or lower than T ℃ among total enthalpy values contained in the heat storage fluid, the total enthalpy value being at most H s,max ＝f(T s,max ) Representing the total heat of the full temperature section of the heat storage fluid.
The phase change temperature of the current-stage phase change storage unit is the phase change temperature of the 1 st-stage phase change unit, namely T, taking the sum of the highest inlet temperature and the heat exchange temperature difference of the waste heat utilization equipment cas,1 ＝T r,max +ΔT, ΔT is the heat exchange temperature difference.
It can be understood that the embodiment of the application establishes a heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve according to the flow rate and the corresponding temperature of the heat accumulation fluid, and establishes a heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve H according to the phase change temperature of the current-stage phase change heat accumulation unit s And (f (T) calculating the heat storage quantity of the current-stage phase-change heat storage unit, and calculating the temperature of the heat release fluid after the next-stage phase-change heat storage unit is heated by using the heat storage quantity, the current heat satisfaction rate and the highest heat release temperature.
In the embodiment of the application, the calculation of the heat storage capacity of the current-stage phase-change heat storage unit according to the phase-change temperature and heat storage enthalpy temperature curve of the current-stage phase-change heat storage unit comprises the following steps: respectively calculating respective enthalpy values of the phase change temperature and the highest heat storage temperature based on the heat storage enthalpy temperature curve; and calculating according to the enthalpy values of the phase change temperature and the highest heat storage temperature to obtain the heat storage quantity of the current-stage phase change heat storage unit.
Specifically, the embodiment of the application records the flow m of the heat storage fluid at each moment in the heat storage stage s,t1 ,m s,t2 ,…m s,tn Corresponding temperature T s,t1 ,T s,t2 ,…T s,tn At the same time comparing to obtain the highest heat accumulating temperature T s,max ＝max(T s,t1 ,T s,t2 ,…T s,tn ) Taking the ambient temperature T by combining physical property data such as specific heat capacity of heat storage fluid 0 The enthalpy value is zero, and the change of the total enthalpy value of the heat storage fluid along with the temperature is obtainedWherein the total enthalpy value is at most H s,max ＝f(T s,max ) Representing total heat of all temperature sections of heat storage fluid, and calculating according to respective enthalpy values of the phase change temperature and the highest heat storage temperature to obtain heat storage quantity Q of the current-stage phase change heat storage unit cas,1 ＝f(T s,max )-f(T cas,1 +ΔT)。
In the embodiment of the application, calculating the temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit according to the heat storage quantity, the current heat satisfaction rate and the highest heat release temperature comprises the following steps: solving the first equation delta· (g (T r,max )-g(x))＝Q cas,1 Obtaining the temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit, wherein delta represents the heat satisfaction rate, g (T r,max ) Representing the relationship of the heat release enthalpy temperature constructed from the highest heat release temperature and the lowest heat release temperature of the heat release fluid at each waste heat utilization device in the heat release stage, T r,max Represents the highest heat release temperature, x represents the heat release fluid temperature after being heated by the next-stage phase change unit, g (x) represents the heat contained in the part with the temperature below x ℃ in the total enthalpy value of the heat release fluid, and Q cas,1 And (3) representing the heat accumulation and heat storage quantity of the current-stage phase change unit, and if the first equation has no solution or the temperature of the heat release fluid is equal to the lowest heat release temperature, correcting the current heat satisfaction rate and then continuing the temperature of the heat release fluid after the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is heated.
Wherein the relationship between the heat release enthalpy and the heat release temperature constructed according to the maximum heat release temperature and the minimum heat release temperature of the heat release fluid at each waste heat utilization device in the heat release stage is similar to the heat accumulation enthalpy curve constructed before, so as to obtain the change of the total enthalpy value of the set heat release fluid along with the temperature, namelySimilarly, H r_set,max ＝g(T r,max )。
It should be noted that, because the heat storage capacity in the heat storage stage is limited, the heat release requirement in the design stage is not necessarily completely satisfied, so that the heat satisfaction rate achieved in the actual heat release stage is recorded as delta, and a hypothetical initial value of delta is given, and then calculated Delta is continuously corrected according to the energy-grade matching principle, and the total enthalpy value of the actual heat release fluid is H r_act ＝δ·g(T)。
It can be understood that according to the grade matching principle, the level 1 phase change unit mainly supplies the heat of the high grade part for the heat release fluid, so that the level 1 phase change unit heats the heat release fluid from the outlet of the level 2 phase change unit, and according to the energy storage and release balance principle, the following equation should be satisfied: delta (g (T) r,max )-g(x))＝Q cas,1 Wherein x is the temperature of the heat release fluid after being heated by the 2 nd stage phase change unit; if the equation is solved, and x>T r,min T is then cas,2 The 2 nd phase change unit stores heat as Q cas,2 ＝f(T cas,1 +ΔT)-f(T cas,2 +Δt), recording the phase change cell progression at this time as j=2; if the equation is not solved or x=t r,min The initial value delta is smaller, the heat storage capacity of the 1 st-stage phase change unit can meet the total heat release requirement under delta, and the delta is continuously adjusted and increased at the moment, so that the equation is solved, and x is>T r,min 。
In step S103, if the temperature of the heat release fluid is greater than the lowest heat release temperature and the number of stages of the phase change heat storage units does not meet the target number of steps, calculating the heat storage amount of the next phase change heat storage unit according to the temperature of the heat release fluid until the number of stages of the phase change heat storage units meets the target number of steps and the heat storage amount of the next phase change heat storage unit is determined to meet the heat release requirement, obtaining the design scheme of the step phase change heat storage system, otherwise, correcting the current heat meeting rate and continuing the temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next phase change heat storage unit.
The number of steps may be set according to the specific situation, and is not limited to this, and may be set to 4 or 5, for example, and the number of steps is set to k as described below.
It can be understood that the embodiment of the application can continuously correct the heat satisfaction rate, so that when the number of stages of the phase change heat storage units meets the target number of steps and the heat storage capacity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit meets the heat release requirement, the design scheme of the step phase change heat storage system is obtained, and the optimal temperature combination under energy-grade matching is realized.
In an embodiment of the present application, calculating the heat storage amount of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit according to the temperature of the heat release fluid includes: solving the second equation delta· (g (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(x))＝Q cas,j Wherein f (T) cas,j +ΔT represents the total enthalpy value of the heat storage fluid at a temperature of (T) cas,j Heat quantity contained in a portion of +DeltaT DEG C or less, f (T) cas,j +ΔT)-f(T cas,j+1 +ΔT) indicates that the heat storage fluid is in the temperature interval [ T ] cas,j+1 +ΔT,T cas,j +ΔT]The amount of heat contained in the heat pump; if the second equation has a solution, T cas,j+1 ＝x+ΔT，Q cas,j+1 ＝f(T cas,j +ΔT)-f(T cas,j+1 +DeltaT), and after correcting the number of the stages of the phase-change heat storage unit, continuously judging whether the number of the stages of the phase-change heat storage unit meets the target number of steps; and if the second equivalent type does not have a solution, correcting the current heat satisfaction rate and then continuing the temperature of the heat release fluid heated by the next-stage phase change heat storage unit.
It will be appreciated that if the number of stages j of the phase change heat storage unit does not meet the target number of steps k, i.e. j<k, the heat storage capacity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is calculated according to the temperature of the heat release fluid, and the equation delta· (g (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(x))＝Q cas,j Where x is the temperature of the heat release fluid after heating by the j+1th stage phase change cell, T if the equation is solved cas,j+1 ＝x+ΔT，Q cas,j+1 ＝f(T cas,j +ΔT)-f(T cas,j+1 Taking j=j+1 and continuously judging whether the number of stages of the phase change heat storage unit meets the target number of steps; if the equation is not solved, the initial value delta is smaller, the design level k is not needed, and all heat release requirements under delta can be completely met only by the front j-level phase change unit, and delta is increased.
In the embodiment of the application, the method for judging that the heat storage capacity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit meets the heat release requirement comprises the following steps: when the number of stages of the phase change heat storage unit satisfies the target number of steps, δ· (g (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ) And Q) cas,j Is of a size of (2); if delta (g (T) cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ))>Q cas,j Then the current heat meeting rate is reduced and the next-stage phase change heat storage list is continuedThe temperature of the heated heat release fluid, if delta (g (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ))<Q cas,j The temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is continued after the current heat meeting rate is increased; if the two are equal, judging that the heat storage capacity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit meets the heat release requirement, and obtaining the final heat satisfaction rate.
It can be appreciated that in the embodiment of the application, the heat storage capacity of the primary phase change heat storage unit is judged to meet the heat release requirement as compared with delta (g (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ) And Q) cas,j If delta (g (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ))>Q cas,j Indicating that the heat storage is insufficient to meet the heat release requirement, delta is reduced at the moment; if delta (g (T) cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ))<Q cas,j The heat storage capacity can completely meet all heat release requirements under delta, and the rest is shown, so that delta is increased; if the two values are equal, the matching is achieved, the delta value at the moment is the final heat satisfaction rate, namely the share ratio which can be met to the greatest extent in the actual heat release stage under the set heat release requirement, the corresponding phase transition temperature at each stage under the corresponding delta value is the optimal temperature combination under the energy-grade matching, and the calculation is finished.
In the embodiment of the application, after the design scheme of the step phase-change heat storage system is obtained, the method further comprises the following steps: adjusting the design scheme according to the final heat satisfaction rate, wherein if the final heat satisfaction rate is larger than a preset value, the heat demand proportion of each component in the heat release stage is adjusted; and if the final heat satisfaction rate is smaller than a preset value, adding waste heat utilization equipment.
Wherein the preset value may be set to 1.
Specifically, if δ >1, it indicates that the initially set heat release requirement can be completely satisfied and the heat remains, and at this time, the heat requirement ratio of each component in the heat release stage can be further adjusted to further utilize the redundant heat; if delta <1, it is indicated that the initially set heat release requirement can only meet a part of the heat release requirement, and the insufficient heat in the heat release stage needs to be complemented by other means, such as adding waste heat utilization equipment; if δ=1, it indicates that the heat release requirement of the initial setting can be exactly satisfied, and the initial setting is reasonable.
In summary, in order to improve energy storage efficiency and realize temperature grade decoupling of heat and meet energy release requirements of various grades, the embodiment of the application adopts a cascade phase change heat storage system as a heat storage device (the cascade number k is more than or equal to 2), and designs the phase change temperature of each stage of the heat storage system so as to realize energy-grade matching of energy storage and release circulation. The specific calculation flow chart of the design method of the step phase change heat storage system according to the embodiment of the application is shown in fig. 2, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Recording the flow m of the heat storage fluid at each moment in the heat storage stage s,t1 ,m s,t2 ,…m s,tn Corresponding temperature T s,t1 ,T s,t2 ,…T s,tn At the same time comparing to obtain the highest heat accumulating temperature T s,max ＝max(T s,t1 ,T s,t2 ,…T s,tn ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Taking the ambient temperature T by combining physical data such as specific heat capacity of the heat storage fluid 0 The enthalpy value is zero, and the change of the total enthalpy value of the heat storage fluid along with the temperature is obtainedWherein the total enthalpy value is at most H s,max ＝f(T s,max ) Representing the total heat of the whole temperature section of the heat storage fluid;
(2) According to the requirement, setting the heat release fluid flow m required by each waste heat utilization device in the heat release stage r,1 ,m r,2 ,…m r,m And records the inlet and outlet temperatures T of the corresponding heat release fluid at each waste heat utilization device r,1,in ,T r,2,in ,…T r,m,in T and T r,1,out ,T r,2,out ,… r,m,out (inlet temperature is higher than outlet temperature) and the highest heat release temperature T is obtained by comparison r,max ＝max(T r,1,in ,T r,2,in ,…T r,m,in ) And the lowest heat release temperature T r,min ＝min(T r,1,out ,T r,2,out ,…T r,m,out ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Similar to the previous, the change of the total enthalpy value of the set heat release fluid with the temperature is obtained, namely Similarly, H r_set,max ＝g(T r,max )；
(3) In order to meet the highest temperature grade requirement in the heat release stage and consider the heat exchange temperature difference delta T, the sum of the highest inlet temperature and the heat exchange temperature difference of the waste heat utilization equipment is taken as the phase change temperature of the 1 st-stage phase change unit, namely T cas,1 ＝T r,max +Δt; at this time, the heat stored in the 1 st-stage phase change unit is Q cas,1 ＝f(T s,max )-f(T cas,1 +ΔT)；
(4) Because the heat storage capacity of the heat storage stage is limited, the heat release requirement of the design stage cannot be completely met, so that the heat satisfaction rate achieved by the actual heat release stage is recorded as delta, and a virtual initial value of delta is given, and the delta is continuously corrected according to the energy-grade matching principle in the subsequent calculation, so that the total enthalpy value of the actual heat release fluid is H at the moment r_act ＝δ·g(T)；
(5) According to the grade matching principle, the level 1 phase change unit mainly supplies heat of a high grade part for the heat release fluid, so that the level 1 phase change unit heats the heat release fluid from the outlet of the level 2 phase change unit, and according to the energy storage and release energy balance principle, the following equation is satisfied: delta (g (T) r,max )-g(x))＝Q cas,1 Wherein x is the temperature of the heat release fluid after being heated by the 2 nd stage phase change unit; if the equation is solved, and x>T r,min T is then cas,2 The 2 nd phase change unit stores heat as Q cas,2 ＝f(T cas,1 +ΔT)-f(T cas,2 +Δt), recording the phase change cell progression at this time as j=2; if the equation is not solved or x=t r,min The initial value delta is smaller, the heat stored in the 1 st-stage phase change unit can meet all heat release requirements under delta, and the step (4) is returned and delta is increased;
(6) Judging whether the phase change unit level j meets the design level at the moment, if j is less than k, entering a step (7); if j=k, go to step (8);
(7) Solving equation delta. G (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(x))＝Q cas,j Where x is the temperature of the heat release fluid after heating by the j+1th stage phase change cell, T if the equation is solved cas,j+1 ＝x+ΔT，Q cas,j+1 ＝f(T cas,j +ΔT)-f(T cas,j+1 +Δt), taking j=j+1 and returning to step (6); if the equation is not solved, the initial value delta is smaller, the design series k is not needed, all heat release requirements under delta can be completely met only by the front j-stage phase change unit, and the step (4) is returned and delta is increased;
(8) Comparing delta. G (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ) And Q) cas,j If delta (g (T cas,j -ΔT)-gTr,min>Qcas, j, indicating that the stored heat is insufficient to meet the heat release requirement, returning to step (4) and reducing δ; if delta (g (T) cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ))<Q cas,j Indicating that the heat storage quantity can completely meet all heat release requirements under delta, and the rest is left, returning to the step (4) and increasing delta; if the two values are equal, the matching is achieved, the delta value at the moment is the share ratio which can be met to the greatest extent in the actual heat release stage under the set heat release requirement, the corresponding phase transition temperature of each stage under the corresponding delta value is the optimal temperature combination under the energy-grade matching, and the calculation is finished. If delta >1, the initially set heat release requirement can be completely met, and the heat is remained, at the moment, the heat requirement proportion of each component in the heat release stage can be further adjusted to further utilize the redundant heat; if delta<1, explaining that the initially set heat release requirement can only meet a part of the heat release requirement, and the insufficient heat in the heat release stage needs to be complemented by other means; if δ=1, it indicates that the heat release requirement of the initial setting can be exactly satisfied, and the initial setting is reasonable.
The following describes a method for designing a stepped phase change heat storage system according to an embodiment of the present application by means of a specific embodiment.
Assume that a certain industrial waste heat recycling situation uses heat conduction oil (density is 1000kg/m 3 Specific heat capacity 2000 kJ/(m) 3 K)) as energy-accumulating and energy-releasing heat-exchanging fluid, in the energy-accumulating stage, the industrial system outputs heat-conducting oil with flow rate of 1t/h,2t/h,1t/h, initial temperature of 300 ℃,200 ℃ and 100 ℃ to the heat-accumulating system respectively in 8-11, 14-17 and 18-20, and in the energy-releasing stage, the total amount of waste heat to be used for ORC power generation, double-effect absorption refrigeration and heat exchanger is preset to be 400 and 800 respectively2000MJ, wherein the inlet and outlet temperature changes of the heat conduction oil when the heat conduction oil supplies heat for three parts of ORC power generation, double-effect absorption refrigeration and heat exchangers are 220-60, 160-120,80-30 ℃ respectively, the outlet temperature of the heat conduction oil after flowing through the phase change heat storage unit is set to be 10 ℃ different from the phase change temperature, and the step number of the step phase change heat storage system is designed to be 3.
According to the energy storage flow and the energy storage temperature, an enthalpy-temperature relation H in the corresponding heat storage stage can be constructed s =f (T), wherein the energy storage heat exchange fluid contains heat in the following proportions in three temperature intervals of 25 ～ 100,100 ～ 200,200 ～ 300 ℃): (1×3+2×3+1×2) x (100-25): (1×3+2×3) x (200-100): (1×3) x (300-200) =
825:900:300=11:12:4, the correlation function image is shown in fig. 3, the abscissa of the graph is the temperature, and the ordinate is the derivative of the total enthalpy value with respect to the temperature, so that the integral of the x-axis of the energy storage heat exchange fluid curve can represent the energy contained in a certain temperature section.
Similarly, an enthalpy-temperature relation H for the corresponding set heat release phase can be constructed r_set =g (T), the correlation function image is shown in fig. 4. However, because the heat storage capacity in the heat storage stage is limited, the heat release requirement in the design stage is not necessarily completely satisfied, so that the heat satisfaction rate achieved in the actual heat release stage is recorded as delta, and the problem to be solved is how to arrange the phase transition temperatures of each stage so as to maximize the delta value. The enthalpy-temperature relation of the actual heat release stage is H r_act The correlation function image is also shown in fig. 4, =δ·g (T).
According to the design method, the heat storage temperature of the 1 st-stage phase change unit is T cas,1 For convenience in representing the energy storage and calculation process, the energy storage heat exchange fluid and the energy release heat exchange fluid curves are uniformly represented in an enthalpy-temperature diagram, meanwhile, the energy storage heat exchange fluid curve is shifted leftwards by 10 ℃ and the energy release heat exchange fluid curve (delta initial value is taken as 1) is shifted rightwards by 10 ℃ in consideration of the energy storage and release heat exchange temperature difference, so that the energy storage is positive and the energy release is negative, and the obtained image is shown in fig. 5. In fig. 6, since the heat storage temperature is determined, the heat Q stored in the 1 st-stage phase change heat storage unit can be determined by combining the energy storage heat exchange curve cas,1 Is a graphic region; on the other handAccording to the energy-grade matching principle, the part of stored high-temperature heat is applied to the high-temperature heating requirement during energy release, and when the heat Q is stored by combining the enthalpy-temperature curve of the energy release heat exchange fluid cas,1 When the heat release stage is fully utilized, the heat requirement of the energy release heat exchange fluid in the temperature range of 150.7-220 ℃ (160.7-230 ℃ in the drawing) can be met, namely the shaded part in the drawing. Therefore, according to the energy-grade matching principle, the temperature of the energy-releasing heat exchange fluid from the outlet of the 2 nd-stage phase change unit is 150.7 ℃, T cas,2 =150.7+10=160.7 ℃. Similarly, the 2 nd-stage phase change heat storage unit stores heat Q cas,2 As shown in FIG. 7, the heat requirement of the energy-releasing heat exchange fluid in the temperature range of 88.8-150.7 ℃ (98.8-160.7 ℃ in the drawing), namely Q in the drawing, can be met cas,2 The shaded area indicated by the area arrow, and deducing therefrom that the temperature of the level 3 phase change heat storage unit is T cas,3 =98.8 ℃. Heat Q is stored in 3 rd-stage phase change heat storage unit cas,3 As shown in FIG. 8, the heat requirement of the energy-releasing heat exchange fluid in the temperature range of 54-88.8deg.C (64-98.8deg.C in the drawing), namely Q in the drawing, can be met cas,3 The shaded portion indicated by the area arrow.
In this embodiment, the energy storage and release arrangement scheme of the stepped phase change heat storage system can be shown in fig. 9. In the energy storage stage, heat conduction oil with the initial temperature of 300 ℃ sequentially passes through the 1 st, 2 nd and 3 rd-stage phase change heat storage units in the cascade phase change heat storage system to release heat step by step; the heat conduction oil with the initial temperature of 200 ℃ sequentially passes through the 2 nd and 3 rd-level phase change heat storage units; the heat conducting oil with the initial temperature of 100 ℃ has lower temperature grade of heat contained in the heat conducting oil, so that the heat is released only through the 3 rd-stage phase change heat storage unit. In the energy release stage, heat conduction oil for generating and supplying heat for ORC sequentially passes through the 3 rd, 2 nd and 1 st-stage phase change heat storage units at the initial temperature of 60 ℃, heat is extracted step by step, the temperature of the heat conduction oil is finally increased to 220 ℃, the condition of an ORC power generation inlet is met, the heat is released in an ORC power generation device, the temperature of the heat conduction oil after heat release is reduced to 60 ℃, and then the heat is re-extracted by a step phase change heat storage system; the heat conducting oil for supplying heat for absorption refrigeration enters the 2 nd-stage phase change heat storage unit at the initial temperature of 120 ℃, the temperature is raised to 146.8 ℃, at this time, the requirement of absorption refrigeration temperature is not met, therefore, a part of heat conducting oil is also required to be shunted and enters the 1 st-stage phase change heat storage unit for heat taking, the final temperature of the part of heat conducting oil is raised to 220 ℃, then the part of high-temperature heat conducting oil is mixed with the rest part, finally, the heat conducting oil with the temperature of 160 ℃ is obtained and is introduced into an absorption refrigeration device for releasing heat, the temperature of the heat conducting oil after heat release is reduced to 120 ℃, and then the heat is again taken by a step phase change heat storage system; similarly, the heat conducting oil for supplying heat to the heat exchanger is used for simultaneously taking heat from the 2 nd and 3 rd-level phase change heat storage units so as to meet the heat requirement of the heat exchanger.
According to the design method of the cascade phase-change heat storage system provided by the embodiment of the application, through the synergistic heat storage effect of the multi-stage phase-change units, the heat storage efficiency can be effectively increased, the low-grade heat waste is reduced, and the graded storage of different grade heat is realized in the heat storage stage, so that the temperature grade requirements of different waste heat utilization situations can be combined in the heat release stage, the phase-change heat storage units of corresponding grade can be flexibly selected for heat extraction, and the heat storage and release energy circulation can be effectively improvedEfficiency and energy conservation, realizing temperature opposite-mouth and cascade utilization; theoretical guidance is provided for the selection of the phase-change temperature in the cascade phase-change heat storage system, and the cascade phase-change heat storage unit can realize energy-grade matching in the energy storage and release circulation of multi-energy flow coupling by reasonably arranging the phase-change heat storage temperatures of all stages, so that the heat demand of various waste heat utilization situations is met to the maximum degree in the heat release stage, and the energy storage and release circulation efficiency and energy conservation are further improved.
Next, a design device of the stepped phase change heat storage system according to an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 10 is a block schematic diagram of a design apparatus of a stepped phase change heat storage system according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 10, a design apparatus 10 of a stepped phase change heat storage system, wherein the stepped phase change heat storage system includes a multi-stage phase change heat storage unit and a plurality of waste heat utilization devices, includes: an acquisition module 100, a first calculation module 200 and a second calculation module 300.
The obtaining module 100 is configured to obtain a flow rate and a corresponding temperature of a heat storage fluid of the current phase change heat storage unit in a heat storage stage, and a maximum heat release temperature and a minimum heat release temperature at each waste heat utilization device in a current heat release stage; the first calculation module 200 is configured to establish a heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve according to the flow rate and the corresponding temperature of the heat accumulation fluid, calculate the heat accumulation amount of the current-stage phase change heat accumulation unit according to the phase change temperature and the heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve of the current-stage phase change heat accumulation unit, and calculate the temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat accumulation unit according to the heat accumulation amount, the current heat satisfaction rate and the highest heat release temperature; the second calculating module 300 is configured to calculate, if the temperature of the heat release fluid is greater than the lowest heat release temperature and the number of stages of the phase change heat storage units does not meet the target number of steps, the heat storage amount of the next phase change heat storage unit according to the temperature of the heat release fluid until the number of stages of the phase change heat storage units meets the target number of steps and the heat storage amount of the next phase change heat storage unit is determined to meet the heat release requirement, obtain a design scheme of the stepped phase change heat storage system, otherwise, correct the current heat satisfaction rate and then continue the temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next phase change heat storage unit.
In an embodiment of the present application, the first computing module 200 is further configured to: respectively calculating respective enthalpy values of the phase change temperature and the highest heat storage temperature based on the heat storage enthalpy temperature curve; and calculating according to the enthalpy values of the phase change temperature and the highest heat storage temperature to obtain the heat storage of the current-stage phase change heat storage unit.
In an embodiment of the present application, the first computing module 200 is further configured to: solving the first equation delta· (g (T r,max )-g(x))＝Q cas,1 Obtaining the temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit, wherein delta represents the heat satisfaction rate, g (T r,max ) Representing the relationship of the heat release enthalpy temperature constructed from the highest heat release temperature and the lowest heat release temperature of the heat release fluid at each waste heat utilization device in the heat release stage, T r,max Represents the highest heat release temperature, x represents the heat release fluid temperature after being heated by the next-stage phase change unit, g (x) represents the heat contained in the part with the temperature below x ℃ in the total enthalpy value of the heat release fluid, and Q cas, Heat is stored for the current-stage phase change unit, Q cas, And (3) representing the heat accumulation and heat storage quantity of the current-stage phase change unit, and if the first equation has no solution or the temperature of the heat release fluid is equal to the lowest heat release temperature, correcting the current heat satisfaction rate and then continuing the temperature of the heat release fluid after the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is heated.
In an embodiment of the present application, the second computing module 300 is further configured to: solving the second equation delta· (g (T cas,j - Δt) -gx=qdas, j, where Tcas, j represents the phase transition temperature of the jth phase change unit, Δt represents the heat exchange temperature difference, qdas, j represents the heat stored in the jth phase change unit, if the second equation has a solution, T cas,j+1 ＝x+ΔT，Q cas,j+1 ＝f(T cas,j +ΔT)-f(T cas,j+1 +DeltaT), and after correcting the number of stages of the phase-change heat storage unit, continuously judging whether the number of stages of the phase-change heat storage unit meets the target number of steps, wherein f (T) cas,j +ΔT represents the total enthalpy value of the heat storage fluid at a temperature of (T) cas,j Heat quantity contained in a portion of +DeltaT DEG C or less, f (T) cas,j +ΔT)-f(T cas,j+1 +ΔT) indicates that the heat storage fluid is in the temperature interval [ T ] cas,j+1 +ΔT,T cas,j +ΔT]The amount of heat contained in the heat pump; and if the second equivalent type does not have a solution, correcting the current heat satisfaction rate and then continuing the temperature of the heat release fluid heated by the next-stage phase change heat storage unit.
In an embodiment of the present application, the second computing module 200 is further configured to: when the number of stages of the phase change heat storage unit satisfies the target number of steps, δ· (g (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ) And Q) cas,j Is of a size of (2); if delta (g (T) cas,j -ΔT)-gTr,min>Qcas, j, the heat release fluid temperature after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is continued after the current heat satisfaction rate is reduced, if delta (g (T cas,j -ΔT)-g(T r,min ))<Q cas,j The temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is continued after the current heat meeting rate is increased; if the two are equal, judging that the heat storage capacity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit meets the heat release requirement, and obtaining the final heat satisfaction rate.
In the embodiment of the present application, the apparatus 10 of the embodiment of the present application further includes: and an adjustment module.
The adjusting module is used for adjusting the design scheme according to the final heat satisfaction rate after the design scheme of the step phase-change heat storage system is obtained, wherein if the final heat satisfaction rate is larger than a preset value, the heat demand proportion of each component in the heat release stage is adjusted; and if the final heat satisfaction rate is smaller than a preset value, adding waste heat utilization equipment.
It should be noted that the foregoing explanation of the embodiment of the method for designing the stepped phase change heat storage system is also applicable to the design device of the stepped phase change heat storage system in this embodiment, and will not be repeated here.
According to the design device of the cascade phase-change heat storage system provided by the embodiment of the application, through the cooperative heat storage effect of the multi-stage phase-change units, the heat storage efficiency can be effectively increased, the waste of low-grade heat can be reduced, and the graded storage of different grade heat can be realized, so that the temperature grade requirements of different waste heat utilization situations can be combined in the heat release stage, the phase-change heat storage units of corresponding grade can be flexibly selected for heat extraction, and the energy storage and release circulation can be effectively improvedEfficiency and energy conservation, realizing temperature opposite-mouth and cascade utilization; theoretical guidance is provided for the selection of the phase-change temperature in the cascade phase-change heat storage system, and the cascade phase-change heat storage unit can realize energy-grade matching in the energy storage and release circulation of multi-energy flow coupling by reasonably arranging the phase-change heat storage temperatures of all stages, so that the heat demand of various waste heat utilization situations is met to the maximum degree in the heat release stage, and the energy storage and release circulation efficiency and energy conservation are further improved.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device may include:
memory 1101, processor 1102, and a computer program stored on memory 1101 and executable on processor 1102.
The processor 1102 implements the method for designing the stepped phase change heat storage system provided in the above embodiment when executing the program.
Further, the electronic device further includes:
a communication interface 1103 for communication between the memory 1101 and the processor 1102.
Memory 1101 for storing a computer program executable on processor 1102.
The memory 1101 may include a high-speed RAM (Random Access Memory ) memory, and may also include a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk memory.
If the memory 1101, the processor 1102, and the communication interface 1103 are implemented independently, the communication interface 1103, the memory 1101, and the processor 1102 may be connected to each other through a bus and perform communication with each other. The bus may be an ISA (Industry Standard Architecture ) bus, a PCI (Peripheral Component, external device interconnect) bus, or EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture ) bus, among others. The buses may be divided into address buses, data buses, control buses, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown in FIG. 11, but not only one bus or one type of bus.
Alternatively, in a specific implementation, if the memory 1101, the processor 1102, and the communication interface 1103 are integrated on a chip, the memory 1101, the processor 1102, and the communication interface 1103 may perform communication with each other through internal interfaces.
The processor 1102 may be a CPU (Central Processing Unit ) or ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, application specific integrated circuit) or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present application.
The embodiment of the application also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, which when being executed by a processor, implements the design method of the step phase change heat storage system.
The embodiment of the application also provides a step phase-change heat storage system, which is designed based on the design method of the step phase-change heat storage system, and comprises the following steps: a multi-stage phase change heat storage unit and a plurality of waste heat utilization devices.
Each stage of phase-change heat storage unit is used for storing heat in a heat storage stage, and is connected with one or more waste heat utilization devices, and the waste heat utilization devices are used for releasing heat in a heat release stage.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or N embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "N" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or more executable instructions for implementing specific logical functions or steps of the process, and additional implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order from that shown or discussed, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the embodiments of the present application.
It is to be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, the N steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. As with the other embodiments, if implemented in hardware, may be implemented using any one or combination of the following techniques, as is well known in the art: discrete logic circuits having logic gates for implementing logic functions on data signals, application specific integrated circuits having suitable combinational logic gates, programmable gate arrays, field programmable gate arrays, and the like.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or a portion of the steps carried out in the method of the above-described embodiments may be implemented by a program to instruct related hardware, where the program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and where the program, when executed, includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and not to be construed as limiting the application, and that variations, modifications, alternatives and variations may be made to the above embodiments by one of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the application.
Claims (11)
1. A design method of a stepped phase change heat storage system, characterized in that the stepped phase change heat storage system comprises a multi-stage phase change heat storage unit and a plurality of waste heat utilization devices, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring the flow and the corresponding temperature of heat storage fluid of the current-stage phase change heat storage unit in a heat storage stage, and the highest heat release temperature and the lowest heat release temperature of each waste heat utilization device in the current heat release stage;
establishing a heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve according to the flow and the corresponding temperature of the heat accumulation fluid, calculating the heat accumulation amount of the current-stage phase change heat accumulation unit according to the phase change temperature of the current-stage phase change heat accumulation unit and the heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve, and according to the heat accumulation amount, the current heat satisfaction rate and the heat accumulation amount Calculating the temperature of the heat release fluid heated by the next-stage phase change heat storage unit at the highest heat release temperature; the calculating the temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit according to the stored heat, the current heat satisfaction rate and the highest heat release temperature comprises the following steps: solving for the first equationObtaining the temperature of the heat release fluid after the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is heated, wherein ∈>Indicating the heat satisfaction rate>（/>) Representing a heat release enthalpy temperature relationship constructed from a maximum heat release temperature and a minimum heat release temperature of the heat release fluid at each waste heat utilization device during the heat release phase, +.>Indicating the maximum heat release temperature,/->Indicating the temperature of the heat release fluid after being heated by the next-stage phase change unit, +.>Indicating the temperature in the total enthalpy of the heat release fluid is +.>Heat contained in the following part, < + >>Representing the heat accumulation amount of the current-stage phase change unit, and correcting the current heat to be full if the first equation is not solved or the heat release fluid temperature is equal to the lowest heat release temperatureContinuing the temperature of the heat release fluid after the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is heated after the sufficient rate;
if the temperature of the heat release fluid is greater than the lowest heat release temperature and the number of stages of the phase change heat storage units does not meet the target number of steps, calculating the heat storage quantity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit according to the temperature of the heat release fluid until the number of stages of the phase change heat storage units meets the target number of steps and the heat storage quantity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is judged to meet the heat release requirement, obtaining a design scheme of the step phase change heat storage system, otherwise, correcting the current heat to meet the heat release rate and continuing the heat release fluid temperature after the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is heated; the calculating the heat storage amount of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit according to the heat release fluid temperature includes: solving for the second equivalent Wherein->Indicate->Phase transition temperature of the level-change cell, +.>Indicating the temperature difference of heat exchange>Indicate->The stage phase change unit stores heat; if the second equation has a solution, +.>，/>After the number of the stages of the phase-change heat storage unit is corrected, the phase-change heat storage unit is continuously judgedWhether the number of stages meets the target number of steps, wherein,indicating the temperature in the total enthalpy value of the heat storage fluid as +.>The heat contained in the following part is at the temperature,indicating the heat accumulating fluid in the temperature range [/I ]>]The amount of heat contained in the heat pump; and if the second equivalent type does not have a solution, correcting the current heat satisfaction rate and then continuing the temperature of the heat release fluid heated by the next-stage phase change heat storage unit.
2. The method of designing a stepped phase change heat storage system according to claim 1, wherein the calculating the stored heat of the current-stage phase change heat storage unit from the phase change temperature of the current-stage phase change heat storage unit and the stored enthalpy-temperature curve includes:
calculating respective enthalpy values of the phase change temperature and the highest heat storage temperature based on the heat storage enthalpy temperature curve;
and calculating the heat storage quantity of the current-stage phase-change heat storage unit according to the respective enthalpy values of the phase-change temperature and the highest heat storage temperature.
3. The method of designing a stepped phase change heat storage system according to claim 1, wherein said determining that the heat storage capacity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit satisfies a heat release demand comprises:
When the number of stages of the phase change heat storage unit meets the target step number, comparingAnd (3) withIs of a size of (2);
if it isThe temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is continued after the current heat satisfaction rate is reduced, if +.>The temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is continued after the current heat meeting rate is increased;
and if the two are equal, judging that the heat storage capacity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit meets the heat release requirement, and obtaining the final heat satisfaction rate.
4. The method of designing a stepped phase change heat storage system according to claim 3, further comprising, after obtaining the design of the stepped phase change heat storage system:
adjusting the design scheme according to the final heat satisfaction rate, wherein if the final heat satisfaction rate is larger than a preset value, the heat demand proportion of each component in the heat release stage is adjusted; and if the final heat satisfaction rate is smaller than the preset value, adding waste heat utilization equipment.
5. A design device of a stepped phase change heat storage system, wherein the stepped phase change heat storage system comprises a multi-stage phase change heat storage unit and a plurality of waste heat utilization devices, wherein the device comprises:
The acquisition module is used for acquiring the flow and the corresponding temperature of the heat storage fluid of the current-stage phase change heat storage unit in the heat storage stage, and the highest heat release temperature and the lowest heat release temperature of each waste heat utilization device in the current heat release stage;
a first calculation module for establishing a heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve according to the flow and the corresponding temperature of the heat accumulation fluid, calculating the heat accumulation quantity of the current-stage phase change heat accumulation unit according to the phase change temperature of the current-stage phase change heat accumulation unit and the heat accumulation enthalpy temperature curve,calculating the temperature of the heat release fluid after the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is heated according to the heat storage quantity, the current heat satisfaction rate and the highest heat release temperature; the calculating the temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit according to the stored heat, the current heat satisfaction rate and the highest heat release temperature comprises the following steps: solving for the first equationObtaining the temperature of the heat release fluid after the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is heated, wherein ∈>Indicating the heat satisfaction rate>（/>) Representing a heat release enthalpy temperature relationship constructed from a maximum heat release temperature and a minimum heat release temperature of the heat release fluid at each waste heat utilization device during the heat release phase, +.>Indicating the maximum heat release temperature,/- >Indicating the temperature of the heat release fluid after being heated by the next-stage phase change unit, +.>Indicating the temperature in the total enthalpy of the heat release fluid is +.>Heat contained in the following part, < + >>Representing the heat storage quantity of the current-stage phase change unit if the first equation is not solved or the heat release fluidThe temperature is equal to the lowest heat release temperature, and the heat release fluid temperature after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is continued after the current heat satisfaction rate is corrected;
the second calculation module is used for calculating the heat storage quantity of the next-stage phase-change heat storage unit according to the heat release fluid temperature if the heat release fluid temperature is greater than the lowest heat release temperature and the number of stages of the phase-change heat storage units does not meet the target number of stages, and obtaining a design scheme of the cascade phase-change heat storage system until the number of stages of the phase-change heat storage units meets the target number of stages and the heat storage quantity of the next-stage phase-change heat storage unit is judged to meet the heat release requirement, otherwise, correcting the current heat meeting rate and continuing the heat release fluid temperature after the next-stage phase-change heat storage unit is heated; the calculating the heat storage amount of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit according to the heat release fluid temperature includes: solving for the second equivalent Wherein->Indicate->Phase transition temperature of the level-change cell, +.>Indicating the temperature difference of heat exchange>Indicate->The stage phase change unit stores heat; if the second equation has a solution, +.>，After correcting the number of stages of the phase-change heat storage unit, continuously judging whether the number of stages of the phase-change heat storage unit meets the target number of steps, wherein +.>Indicating the temperature in the total enthalpy value of the heat storage fluid as +.>Heat contained in the following part, < + >>Indicating the heat accumulating fluid in the temperature range [/I ]>]The amount of heat contained in the heat pump; and if the second equivalent type does not have a solution, correcting the current heat satisfaction rate and then continuing the temperature of the heat release fluid heated by the next-stage phase change heat storage unit.
6. The apparatus for designing a stepped phase change thermal storage system according to claim 5, wherein said first calculation module is further configured to:
respectively calculating the respective enthalpy values of the phase change temperature and the highest heat storage temperature based on the heat storage enthalpy temperature curve;
and calculating the heat storage of the current-stage phase-change heat storage unit according to the enthalpy values of the phase-change temperature and the highest heat storage temperature.
7. The apparatus for designing a stepped phase change thermal storage system according to claim 5, wherein said second calculation module is further configured to:
When the number of stages of the phase change heat storage unit meets the target step number, comparingAnd (3) withIs of a size of (2);
if it isThe temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is continued after the current heat satisfaction rate is reduced, if +.>The temperature of the heat release fluid after the heating of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit is continued after the current heat meeting rate is increased;
and if the two are equal, judging that the heat storage capacity of the next-stage phase change heat storage unit meets the heat release requirement, and obtaining the final heat satisfaction rate.
8. The apparatus for designing a stepped phase change thermal storage system according to claim 7, further comprising: the adjusting module is used for adjusting the design scheme according to the final heat satisfaction rate after the design scheme of the cascade phase-change heat storage system is obtained, wherein if the final heat satisfaction rate is larger than a preset value, the heat demand proportion of each component in the heat release stage is adjusted; and if the final heat satisfaction rate is smaller than the preset value, adding waste heat utilization equipment.
9. An electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the method of designing a stepped phase change thermal storage system according to any one of claims 1-4.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program is executed by a processor for realizing the method of designing a stepped phase change heat storage system according to any one of claims 1-4.
11. A stepped phase change heat storage system, characterized in that the stepped phase change heat storage system is designed based on the design method of the stepped phase change heat storage system according to any one of claims 1-4, comprising:
the system comprises a multi-stage phase change heat storage unit and a plurality of waste heat utilization devices, wherein each stage of phase change heat storage unit is used for storing heat in a heat storage stage, and each stage of phase change heat storage unit is connected with one or more waste heat utilization devices which are used for releasing heat in a heat release stage.
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| CN106595362A (en) * | 2016-12-02 | 2017-04-26 | 全球能源互联网研究院 | Heat charging system and device for cascade heat storage system |
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