CN116572774A - Electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct-current power distribution - Google Patents
Electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct-current power distribution Download PDFInfo
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- CN116572774A CN116572774A CN201710409378.0A CN201710409378A CN116572774A CN 116572774 A CN116572774 A CN 116572774A CN 201710409378 A CN201710409378 A CN 201710409378A CN 116572774 A CN116572774 A CN 116572774A
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/30—AC to DC converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct-current distribution, which comprises a high-voltage circuit breaker, a high-voltage direct-current conversion device and a charger, wherein: the three-phase high-voltage input voltage is connected with a high-voltage direct-current conversion device through a high-voltage circuit breaker, and the high-voltage direct-current conversion device converts the three-phase high-voltage input alternating current into direct current to supply power to the charger. The invention provides a charging station for direct current distribution, which is characterized in that a high-voltage direct current conversion device is arranged, a high-voltage-resistant switching device is adopted to realize power factor correction and LLC full-bridge inversion, three-phase high-voltage input alternating current is converted into direct current to supply power to a charger, the design of a direct current charging module is simplified, the power density of the direct current charging module is improved, the stability of the charger is improved, and the construction cost of the charging station is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of charging stations, in particular to an electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct-current power distribution.
Background
Along with popularization of electric vehicles, high-power charging equipment is increasingly applied, high-power electric vehicle charging stations are also increasingly applied, traditional high-power charging station equipment is complex in structure, various in elements and low in efficiency, high in energy consumption, high in repair rate, high in construction cost and large in occupied area, and high-power electric vehicle charging stations are required to input high power, once the input power exceeds 150KW, a high-voltage transformer cabinet is additionally arranged at the input end of the charging station according to the operation requirement of a power supply office, and 380VAC (alternating current) of three-phase five wires cannot be directly connected, and key components of the traditional high-voltage transformer cabinet are 50HZ three-phase dry type safety isolation transformers, so that the high-voltage transformer cabinet is huge in size and high in cost. There is an urgent need to break through a low-cost, high-reliability high-power charging station technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims at providing an electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct-current power distribution, which breaks through a charging station technology with low cost, high reliability and high power.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct-current power distribution, which is characterized by comprising a high-voltage circuit breaker, a high-voltage direct-current conversion device and a charger, wherein: the three-phase high-voltage input voltage is connected with a high-voltage direct-current conversion device through a high-voltage circuit breaker, and the high-voltage direct-current conversion device converts the three-phase high-voltage input alternating current into direct current to supply power to the charger.
Preferably, the input alternating voltage of the high-voltage transformer is 10Kv, and the output alternating voltage range is 0.4 Kv-4 Kv; the high-voltage direct-current conversion device inputs three-phase alternating current with the voltage range of 0.4 Kv-4 Kv, outputs direct-current power distribution, and the output direct-current power distribution is used as a power supply of a charger in the charging station.
Preferably, the high-voltage direct current conversion device comprises a distribution alternating current input EMI filter circuit, a distribution power frequency rectifying circuit, a distribution power factor correcting circuit, a distribution LLC full bridge inverter circuit, a distribution high-frequency transformer, a distribution high-frequency rectifying circuit, a distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit, a distribution PWM isolation driving control circuit and a distribution controller, wherein the input end of the distribution alternating current input EMI filter circuit is connected with the output end of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the input end of the distribution power frequency rectifying circuit is connected with the output end of the alternating current input EMI filter circuit, the output end of the distribution power frequency rectifying circuit is connected with the input end of the distribution power factor correcting circuit, the output end of the distribution power factor correcting circuit is connected with the input end of the distribution LLC full bridge inverter circuit, the input coil of the distribution high-frequency transformer is connected with the output end of the distribution LLC full bridge inverter circuit, the output coil of the distribution high-frequency transformer is connected with the input end of the distribution high-frequency rectifying circuit, the output end of the distribution high-frequency rectifying circuit is connected with the input end of the charger through the distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit, the distribution controller is connected with the input end of the charger through the distribution isolation driving control circuit and the distribution LLC full bridge inverter circuit, and the output of the distribution high-frequency rectifying circuit is connected with the LLC full bridge inverter circuit through the distribution driving control circuit.
Preferably, the power distribution power frequency rectifying circuit comprises a bridge rectifying circuit consisting of diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6; the distribution power factor correction circuit comprises a switch tube Q5, capacitors C1 and C2, a diode D7, a transformer T1 and an inductor L1, wherein the gate electrode of the Q5 is connected with a high-voltage direct-current conversion PWM isolation driving control circuit, the collector electrode of the Q5 is connected with the anode of the diode D7 and one end of the inductor L1, the emitter electrode of the Q5 is connected with the primary coil of the transformer T1, the secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected with the high-voltage direct-current conversion PWM isolation driving control circuit, the primary coil of the transformer T1 is also connected with one ends of the capacitors C1 and C2, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the other end of the inductor L1, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the cathode of the diode D7; the distribution LLC full-bridge inverter circuit comprises four switching tubes and peripheral circuits thereof, wherein the switching tubes are respectively Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4, the gate electrode of Q1, the gate electrode of Q2, the gate electrode of Q3 and the gate electrode of Q4 are all connected with a distribution PWM isolation driving control circuit, the emitter electrode of Q1, the collector electrode of Q2, the emitter electrode of Q3 and the collector electrode of Q4 are all connected with a primary coil of a distribution high-frequency transformer T2, the collector electrode of Q1 and the collector electrode of Q3 are connected with the cathode of a diode D7, the emitter electrode of Q2 and the emitter electrode of Q4 are all connected with the primary coil of the transformer T1, and the distribution high-frequency rectification circuit comprises a bridge rectification circuit consisting of diodes D9, D10, D11 and D12; the power distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit comprises a diode D8, the anode of the diode D8 is connected with the output end of a bridge rectifier circuit formed by diodes D9, D10, D11 and D12, and the cathode of the diode D8 is connected with the input end of the charger.
Preferably, the diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 in the power distribution power frequency rectifying circuit are power devices; the diode D7 and the switch tube Q5 in the distribution power factor correction circuit are power devices; IGBT devices Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 in the distribution LLC full-bridge inverter circuit are power devices; diodes D9, D10, D11 and D12 in the power distribution high-frequency rectification circuit are power devices; the diode D8 in the power distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit is a power device; the power device is arranged on the first radiator; the first radiator adopts an air cooling and/or liquid cooling radiator; the power distribution controller and the power distribution PWM isolation driving circuit of the high-voltage direct-current conversion device are packaged in the first heat conduction shell, and are isolated from the first radiator.
Preferably, the input voltage of the charger is 0.8 Kv-1 Kv direct current voltage, and the charger comprises a direct current breaker, a direct current charging module, an off-vehicle direct current charger controller and a switch K, wherein the input end of the direct current charging module is connected with the output end of the direct current breaker, the output end of the direct current charging module is connected with the switch K, and the on-off of the switch K and the direct current breaker is controlled by the off-vehicle direct current charger controller.
Preferably, the direct current charging module in the charger comprises a direct current input EMI filter circuit, a charging module LLC full-bridge inverter circuit, a charging module high-frequency transformer, a charging module high-frequency rectifying circuit, a charging module anti-backflow direct current output circuit, a charging module PWM isolation driving control circuit and a charging module controller, wherein the input end of the direct current input EMI filter circuit is connected with the output end of the high-voltage direct current conversion device, the input end of the charging module LLC full-bridge inverter circuit is connected with the output end of the direct current input EMI filter circuit, the output end of the charging module LLC full-bridge inverter circuit is connected with a primary coil of the charging module high-frequency transformer, the secondary coil of the charging module high-frequency transformer is connected with the input end of the charging module high-frequency rectifying circuit, the output end of the charging module high-frequency rectifying circuit is connected with the input end of the direct current charging anti-backflow direct current output circuit, the output end of the charging module anti-backflow direct current output circuit is connected with a charging car, the charging module controller drives a switching tube of the charging module LLC full-bridge circuit through the charging module PWM isolation driving control circuit, and the output voltage and current of the charging module LLC full-bridge inverter circuit are also connected with the charging module controller through PWM isolation driving circuit.
Preferably, the charging module LLC full-bridge inverter circuit in the above dc charging module includes four switching transistors and peripheral circuits thereof, the four switching transistors are Q21, Q22, Q23, Q24, the gate of Q21, the gate of Q22, the gate of Q23, and the gate of Q24 are all connected to the high-voltage dc-dc conversion PWM isolation driving control circuit, the emitter of Q21, the collector of Q22, the emitter of Q23, and the collector of Q24 are all connected to the primary winding of the high-voltage dc-dc conversion high-frequency transformer T22, the collector of Q21 and the collector of Q23 are connected to the positive terminal of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor C22, the emitter of Q22 and the emitter of Q24 are all connected to the negative terminal of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor C22, and the charging module high-frequency rectifying circuit includes a bridge rectifying circuit composed of diodes D29, D30, D31, and D32; the anti-backflow direct current output circuit of the charging module comprises a diode D28, the anode of the diode D28 is connected with the positive end of the output end of a bridge rectifier circuit formed by diodes D29, D30, D31 and D32, and the cathode of the diode D8 is connected with the input end of the electric vehicle.
Preferably, the four switching tubes Q21, Q22, Q23, Q24 of the charging module LLC full-bridge inverter circuit of the above-mentioned charger are power devices; diodes D29, D30, D31 and D32 in the high-frequency rectification circuit of the charging module are power devices; the diode D28 in the anti-backflow direct current output circuit of the charging module is a power device; the power device is arranged on the second radiator; the second radiator is an air-cooled and/or liquid-cooled radiator; the charging module controller and the charging module PWM isolation driving circuit in the direct current charging module are packaged in the second heat conduction shell, and the charging module controller and the charging module PWM isolation driving circuit in the direct current charging module are isolated from the second radiator.
Preferably, the switching transistors Q21, Q22, Q23, Q24 in the above dc charging module may all be IGBT devices or SIC power modules.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1) The input voltage range of the high-voltage direct-current conversion device is 3-10 Kv three-phase alternating-current voltage, the output voltage is direct-current voltage, and the output direct-current voltage is used as the power supply voltage of a charger in a charging station, so that the rectification of the high-voltage input voltage and the correction of input power factors are solved;
2) The high-frequency inversion of the high-voltage direct current converts the high-voltage direct current into high-frequency pulse alternating current, and then the high-frequency pulse alternating current is reduced into required voltage through a high-frequency transformer; the transformer uses a high-frequency transformer with high power density, and has small volume, light weight and low cost;
3) The high-frequency rectifying circuit adopts bridge rectification consisting of rapid rectifying tubes; the bridge rectification has the advantages of minimum requirements on the transformer, highest utilization rate of the transformer and convenience in power expansion;
4) The invention relates to a high-voltage direct current conversion device which comprises a power distribution alternating current input EMI filter circuit, a power distribution power frequency rectifying circuit, an IGBT-based power distribution power factor correction circuit, an IGBT-based power distribution LLC full-bridge inverter circuit, a power distribution high-frequency transformer, a power distribution high-frequency rectifying circuit, a power distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit, a power distribution PWM isolation driving control circuit and a power distribution controller, wherein the power distribution alternating current input EMI filter circuit, the power distribution power frequency rectifying circuit, the IGBT-based power factor correction circuit, the IGBT-based power distribution LLC full-bridge inverter circuit, the power distribution high-frequency transformer, the power distribution high-frequency rectifying circuit and the power distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit form a power main circuit;
5) The key switching element of the invention uses two or more Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT) in series to solve the problem of high input voltage;
6) The invention adopts direct current power distribution, and has no phase and power angle, no stability problem, and the purpose of transmission can be achieved as long as the technical indexes such as voltage drop, network loss and the like meet the requirements, and the stability problem is not required to be considered; as long as the output voltages are consistent, the direct current power distribution can be connected in series and in parallel basically without processing, and the output power is enlarged; and the cost of the direct-current power distribution material is lower than that of the alternating-current power transmission of three-phase four wires, and only 1/3 or less of the alternating-current power transmission is needed.
7) The direct-current charging module of the charger changes the traditional three-phase four-wire 380VAC alternating-current distribution mode, simplifies the electromagnetic compatibility requirement and design of the direct-current charging module, and removes rectification and power factor correction; the key switching element uses IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor) or SIC power module to replace field effect transistor (MOSFET) used in traditional DC charging power module, so as to simplify LLC full-bridge resonance circuit structure; the power density of the direct current charging module is greatly increased, the conversion efficiency is higher, and the design of the direct current charger is more flexible;
8) The high-power element is arranged on the high-power element radiator; the high-power element radiator is an air-cooled or liquid-cooled radiator; only the heat of the high-power element radiator is required to be dissipated; the power distribution controller and the power distribution PWM isolation driving circuit of the high-voltage direct-current conversion device are packaged in a weak current shell, and the weak current shell is isolated from the high-power element radiator to realize heat insulation;
9) The weak current control circuit is packaged in a shell with good heat dissipation and is insulated with a high-power heating element; the IP protection level of the charger is improved, and the service life of the system in severe environments is prolonged.
The invention is an electric automobile charging station based on high-voltage direct-current power distribution, which has ingenious design, excellent performance, convenience and practicability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an electric vehicle charging station based on high voltage DC power distribution in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a HVDC converter assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram of a HVDC converter assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a charger according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a dc charging module in the charger according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a dc charging module in the charger according to the present invention.
The achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that, if directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) are included in the embodiments of the present invention, the directional indications are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement conditions, etc. between the components in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indications are correspondingly changed.
Referring to fig. 1-6, the invention provides an electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct current distribution, which comprises a high-voltage circuit breaker, a high-voltage direct current conversion device and a charger, wherein: the three-phase high-voltage input voltage is connected with a high-voltage direct-current conversion device through a high-voltage circuit breaker, and the high-voltage direct-current conversion device converts the three-phase high-voltage input alternating current into direct current to supply power to the charger.
In the embodiment, the high voltage of the power grid directly enters the rectifier through the high-voltage circuit breaker, is rectified through the high-voltage diode full-bridge, is boosted through power factor correction, is inverted through full-bridge inversion, and is easily output in a high-frequency transformation mode, and is conveyed to the direct-current charger of the non-vehicle electric automobile after being rectified and filtered through the full-bridge.
The invention directly transmits direct current after being processed by a circuit and supplies power to a charger. Characteristics of direct current transmission: 1. the direct current transmission has no phase and no power angle, no stability problem exists, and the purpose of transmission can be achieved as long as the technical indexes such as voltage drop, network loss and the like meet the requirements, and the stability problem is not required to be considered; 2. as long as the output voltages are consistent, the direct current transmission can be connected in series and in parallel basically without processing, and the output power is enlarged; 3. the dc power transmission material costs less than three-phase five-wire ac power transmission, requiring only 1/3 or less of ac power transmission.
Further, the high-voltage direct-current conversion device inputs three-phase alternating current with the voltage range of 0.4 Kv-4 Kv, outputs direct-current power distribution, and the output direct-current power distribution is used as a power supply of a charger in the charging station.
In this example, the applicable conditions and scope of the present invention will be specifically described. The invention can be widely applied through the application conditions and the range, and has the characteristic of strong application.
Further, the high-voltage direct current conversion device comprises a distribution alternating current input EMI filter circuit, a distribution power frequency rectifying circuit, a distribution power factor correcting circuit, a distribution LLC full bridge inverter circuit, a distribution high-frequency transformer, a distribution high-frequency rectifying circuit, a distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit, a distribution PWM isolation driving control circuit and a distribution controller, wherein the input end of the distribution alternating current input EMI filter circuit is connected with the output end of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the input end of the distribution power frequency rectifying circuit is connected with the output end of the alternating current input EMI filter circuit, the output end of the distribution power frequency rectifying circuit is connected with the input end of the distribution power factor correcting circuit, the output end of the distribution power factor correcting circuit is connected with the input end of the distribution LLC full bridge inverter circuit, the input coil of the distribution high-frequency transformer is connected with the output end of the distribution LLC full bridge inverter circuit, the output coil of the distribution high-frequency transformer is connected with the input end of the distribution high-frequency rectifying circuit, the output end of the distribution high-frequency rectifying circuit is connected with the input end of a charger through the distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit, the distribution controller is connected with the input end of the charger through the distribution isolation driving control circuit and the distribution LLC full bridge inverter circuit, and the output of the distribution high-frequency rectifying circuit is connected with the LLC full bridge inverter circuit through the distribution driving control circuit.
In the embodiment, the high-voltage input power factor correction circuit mainly solves the rectification of high-voltage input voltage and the correction of input power factors; the high-voltage direct-current power distribution LLC full-bridge inverter circuit adopts a high-voltage frequency conversion inversion technology to invert the high-voltage direct current into high-frequency pulse alternating current, and then the high-frequency pulse alternating current is reduced into required voltage through a high-frequency transformer; the transformer uses a high-frequency transformer with high power density, and has small volume, light weight and low cost; the power distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit adopts bridge rectification formed by rapid rectifying tubes, the bridge rectification has the lowest requirements on a transformer, the utilization rate of the transformer is the highest, and the power expansion is convenient; the power distribution PWM isolation driving control circuit comprises a controller and peripheral circuits thereof, wherein the peripheral circuits comprise a communication processing circuit, a control circuit, a sampling and processing circuit and the like.
Further, the power distribution power frequency rectifying circuit comprises a bridge rectifying circuit consisting of diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6; the distribution power factor correction circuit comprises a switch tube Q5, capacitors C1 and C2, a diode D7, a transformer T1 and an inductor L1, wherein the gate electrode of the Q5 is connected with a high-voltage direct-current conversion PWM isolation driving control circuit, the collector electrode of the Q5 is connected with the anode of the diode D7 and one end of the inductor L1, the emitter electrode of the Q5 is connected with the primary coil of the transformer T1, the secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected with the high-voltage direct-current conversion PWM isolation driving control circuit, the primary coil of the transformer T1 is also connected with one ends of the capacitors C1 and C2, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the other end of the inductor L1, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the cathode of the diode D7; the distribution LLC full-bridge inverter circuit comprises four switching tubes and peripheral circuits thereof, wherein the switching tubes are respectively Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4, the gate electrode of Q1, the gate electrode of Q2, the gate electrode of Q3 and the gate electrode of Q4 are all connected with a distribution PWM isolation driving control circuit, the emitter electrode of Q1, the collector electrode of Q2, the emitter electrode of Q3 and the collector electrode of Q4 are all connected with a primary coil of a distribution high-frequency transformer T2, the collector electrode of Q1 and the collector electrode of Q3 are connected with the cathode of a diode D7, the emitter electrode of Q2 and the emitter electrode of Q4 are all connected with the primary coil of the transformer T1, and the distribution high-frequency rectification circuit comprises a bridge rectification circuit consisting of diodes D9, D10, D11 and D12; the power distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit comprises a diode D8, the anode of the diode D8 is connected with the output end of a bridge rectifier circuit formed by diodes D9, D10, D11 and D12, and the cathode of the diode D8 is connected with the input end of the charger.
Further, diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 in the power distribution power frequency rectifying circuit are power devices; the diode D7 and the switch tube Q5 in the distribution power factor correction circuit are power devices; IGBT devices Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 in the distribution LLC full-bridge inverter circuit are power devices; diodes D9, D10, D11 and D12 in the power distribution high-frequency rectification circuit are power devices; the diode D8 in the power distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit is a power device; the power device is arranged on the first radiator; the first radiator adopts an air cooling and/or liquid cooling radiator; the power distribution controller and the power distribution PWM isolation driving circuit of the high-voltage direct-current conversion device are packaged in the first heat conduction shell, and are isolated from the first radiator.
In the embodiment of the invention, the power distribution controller and the power distribution PWM isolation driving circuit of the high-voltage direct-current conversion device are packaged in the first heat conduction shell, and are isolated from the first radiator, so that the thermal isolation between the control circuit and the high-power heating device is realized, the IP protection level of the charger is improved, and particularly, the service life of the system in severe environment is prolonged.
Further, the input voltage of the charger is 0.8 Kv-1 Kv direct current voltage, and the charger comprises a direct current breaker, a direct current charging module, an off-vehicle direct current charger controller and a switch K, wherein the input end of the direct current charging module is connected with the output end of the direct current breaker, the output end of the direct current charging module is connected with the switch K, and the on-off of the switch K and the direct current breaker is controlled by the off-vehicle direct current charger controller.
In the embodiment, the direct-current breaker, the direct-current charging module, the off-board direct-current charger controller and the switch K are arranged in the charger to control the voltage of the direct current so as to output the charging voltage required by the electric vehicle.
Further, the direct current charging module in the charger comprises a direct current input EMI filter circuit, a charging module LLC full bridge inverter circuit, a charging module high-frequency transformer, a charging module high-frequency rectifying circuit, a charging module anti-backflow direct current output circuit, a charging module PWM isolation driving control circuit and a charging module controller, wherein the input end of the direct current input EMI filter circuit is connected with the output end of the high-voltage direct current conversion device, the input end of the charging module LLC full bridge inverter circuit is connected with the output end of the direct current input EMI filter circuit, the output end of the charging module LLC full bridge inverter circuit is connected with a primary coil of the charging module high-frequency transformer, the secondary coil of the charging module high-frequency transformer is connected with the input end of the charging module high-frequency rectifying circuit, the output end of the charging module high-frequency rectifying circuit is connected with the input end of the direct current charging anti-backflow direct current output circuit, the output end of the charging module anti-backflow direct current output circuit is connected with a charging car, the charging module controller drives a switching tube of the charging module LLC full bridge circuit through the charging module PWM isolation driving control circuit, and the output voltage and current of the charging module high-frequency rectifying circuit is also connected with the sampling module controller through the PWM.
In this embodiment, the invention specifically teaches that the direct current output from the charger is converted into the direct current charging voltage required by the electric vehicle through the arrangement of the direct current charging module in the charger. The LLC full-bridge inverter circuit of the charging module is a circuit of a voltage conversion part in the charging module, and is used for converting voltage through a high-frequency transformer after inverting the voltage into alternating current, and finally rectifying the voltage of the output direct current to be the charging voltage required by the electric vehicle.
Further, the charging module LLC full-bridge inverter circuit in the above dc charging module includes four switching transistors and peripheral circuits thereof, the four switching transistors are Q21, Q22, Q23, Q24, the gate of Q21, the gate of Q22, the gate of Q23, and the gate of Q24 are all connected to the high-voltage dc-dc conversion PWM isolation drive control circuit, the emitter of Q21, the collector of Q22, the emitter of Q23, and the collector of Q24 are all connected to the primary winding of the high-voltage dc-dc conversion high-frequency transformer T22, the collector of Q21 and the collector of Q23 are connected to the positive terminal of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor C22, the emitter of Q22 and the emitter of Q24 are all connected to the negative terminal of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor C22, and the charging module high-frequency rectifier circuit includes a bridge rectifier circuit composed of diodes D29, D30, D31, and D32; the anti-backflow direct current output circuit of the charging module comprises a diode D28, the anode of the diode D28 is connected with the positive end of the output end of a bridge rectifier circuit formed by diodes D29, D30, D31 and D32, and the cathode of the diode D8 is connected with the input end of the electric vehicle.
In this embodiment, a connection relationship of a charging module LLC full-bridge inverter circuit is specifically described, and the charging module LLC full-bridge inverter circuit completes a current and voltage conversion task through the above circuit connection relationship.
Further, the four switching tubes Q21, Q22, Q23 and Q24 of the charging module LLC full-bridge inverter circuit of the charger are power devices; diodes D29, D30, D31 and D32 in the high-frequency rectification circuit of the charging module are power devices; the diode D28 in the anti-backflow direct current output circuit of the charging module is a power device; the power device is arranged on the second radiator; the second radiator is an air-cooled and/or liquid-cooled radiator; the charging module controller and the charging module PWM isolation driving circuit in the direct current charging module are packaged in the second heat conduction shell, and the charging module controller and the charging module PWM isolation driving circuit in the direct current charging module are isolated from the second radiator.
In the embodiment, the high-power heating electronic device of the LLC full-bridge inverter circuit of the charging module comprises a switching tube, a high-speed rectifier diode and an alternating current rectifier diode of the LLC full-bridge resonant circuit, which are arranged on a special large-volume radiator to radiate heat; the radiator radiates heat through air cooling or liquid cooling equipped by the charger. Compared with the traditional charging module, the traditional active air-cooled direct-current charging module with higher 15KW power density adopts 2 small direct-current fans, the heat dissipation of the module is completely dependent on the direct-current fans, and the service life of the fans directly determines the service life of the module. However, the smaller the direct current fan body is, the fragile internal parts are easy to damage, the poor heat dissipation effect is caused, and under the working mode of active air cooling, various factors such as temperature, dust, moisture, greasy dirt, mildew, salt mist, chemical substances and the like seriously damage the service life of the direct current fan; the topology structure of the traditional direct current charging module adopts a bridgeless Vienna rectifying circuit and an LLC resonant circuit based on three levels, a large number of field effect transistors are connected in parallel to realize high-power output, the structure is complex, the number of elements is too large, and the cost is increased; in the traditional direct current charging module with higher 15KW power density, the large capacitance value capacitor is an electrolytic aluminum electrolytic capacitor, the temperature rise of the single direct current charging module during full load output is about 18 ℃, the electrolytic temperature rise of a part of direct current charging module close to a radiator in the module is more than 30 ℃, and the service life of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is seriously influenced by a high-temperature severe environment. Therefore, the invention only needs to radiate the radiator, has simple structure and excellent radiating effect.
In the embodiment of the invention, the charging module controller and the charging module PWM isolation driving circuit in the direct current charging module are packaged in the second heat conduction shell, and the charging module controller and the charging module PWM isolation driving circuit in the direct current charging module are isolated from the second radiator, so that the thermal isolation between the charging module controller and the charging module PWM isolation driving circuit and the high-power heating device is further completed, the IP protection level of the charger is further improved, and particularly, the service life of the charger in a severe system environment is prolonged.
Further, the switching transistors Q21, Q22, Q23, Q24 in the dc charging module may be IGBT devices or SIC power modules.
In the embodiment of the invention, the switch tubes in the invention are insulated gate bipolar transistors IGBT, or silicon carbide SIC power modules replace field effect transistors (MOSFET) used in the traditional direct current charging power modules, and the silicon carbide SIC power modules have the characteristics of low loss, high efficiency and high working temperature resistance; the insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor) and the insulated gate bipolar transistor are composite full-control voltage driven power semiconductor devices consisting of BJT (bipolar transistor) and MOS (insulated gate field effect transistor), and have the advantages of high input impedance of MOSFET and low conduction voltage drop of GTR. The GTR saturation voltage is reduced, the current carrying density is high, but the driving current is high; the MOSFET has small driving power, high switching tube speed, large conduction voltage drop and small current carrying density. The IGBT combines the advantages of the two devices, and has small driving power and reduced saturation voltage. Under the condition of room temperature, the collector emission voltage can reach 1200V, the average forward current is 600A, and the allowable maximum direct current is 750A, so the transistor has the capability of bearing high voltage and large current. Under the same forward current, the number of the field effect MOS transistors is approximately 13 times that of the insulated gate bipolar transistor IGBT; compared with the prior circuit, the quantity of the field effect transistors used in the PFC circuit is 39 times that of the insulated gate bipolar transistors; the number of field effect transistors used in the LLC full bridge resonant circuit 33 is 26 times that of an insulated gate bipolar transistor. Therefore, an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) replaces a field effect transistor (MOSFET) used in a traditional direct current charging power supply module, so that the use of elements in the direct current charging module is reduced, and larger output power can be borne.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, but rather should be understood to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the following description and drawings or any application directly or indirectly to other relevant art(s).
Claims (10)
1. Electric vehicle charging station based on high voltage direct current distribution, characterized by, including high voltage circuit breaker, high voltage direct current conversion equipment and machine that charges, wherein:
the three-phase high-voltage input voltage is connected with a high-voltage direct-current conversion device through a high-voltage circuit breaker, and the high-voltage direct-current conversion device converts the three-phase high-voltage input alternating current into direct current to supply power to the charger.
2. The electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct-current distribution according to claim 1, wherein the input voltage range of the high-voltage direct-current conversion device is 0.4 Kv-4 Kv three-phase alternating current.
3. The electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct current distribution according to claim 2, wherein the high-voltage direct current conversion device comprises a distribution alternating current input EMI filter circuit, a distribution power frequency rectifying circuit, a distribution power factor correcting circuit, a distribution LLC full-bridge inverter circuit, a distribution high-frequency transformer, a distribution high-frequency rectifying circuit, a distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit, a distribution PWM isolation driving control circuit and a distribution controller, wherein the input end of the distribution alternating current input EMI filter circuit is connected with the output end of the high-voltage circuit breaker, the input end of the distribution power frequency rectifying circuit is connected with the output end of the alternating current input EMI filter circuit, the output end of the distribution power frequency rectifying circuit is connected with the input end of the distribution power factor correcting circuit, the output end of the distribution power factor correcting circuit is connected with the output end of the LLC full-bridge inverter circuit, the output coil of the distribution high-frequency transformer is connected with the input end of the distribution LLC full-bridge inverter circuit, the output end of the distribution high-frequency transformer is connected with the input end of the charger through the distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit, and the isolation controller is connected with the distribution full-bridge inverter circuit through the distribution PWM driving circuit.
4. The electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct-current power distribution according to claim 1, wherein the power-frequency rectification circuit comprises a bridge rectification circuit consisting of diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6; the distribution power factor correction circuit comprises a switch tube Q5, capacitors C1 and C2, a diode D7, a transformer T1 and an inductor L1, wherein the gate electrode of the Q5 is connected with a high-voltage direct-current conversion PWM isolation driving control circuit, the collector electrode of the Q5 is connected with the anode of the diode D7 and one end of the inductor L1, the emitter electrode of the Q5 is connected with the primary coil of the transformer T1, the secondary coil of the transformer T1 is connected with the high-voltage direct-current conversion PWM isolation driving control circuit, the primary coil of the transformer T1 is also connected with one ends of the capacitors C1 and C2, the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with the other end of the inductor L1, and the other end of the capacitor C2 is connected with the cathode of the diode D7; the distribution LLC full-bridge inverter circuit comprises four switching tubes and peripheral circuits thereof, wherein the switching tubes are respectively Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4, the gate electrode of Q1, the gate electrode of Q2, the gate electrode of Q3 and the gate electrode of Q4 are all connected with a distribution PWM isolation driving control circuit, the emitter electrode of Q1, the collector electrode of Q2, the emitter electrode of Q3 and the collector electrode of Q4 are all connected with a primary coil of a distribution high-frequency transformer T2, the collector electrode of Q1 and the collector electrode of Q3 are connected with the cathode of a diode D7, the emitter electrode of Q2 and the emitter electrode of Q4 are all connected with the primary coil of the transformer T1, and the distribution high-frequency rectification circuit comprises a bridge rectification circuit consisting of diodes D9, D10, D11 and D12; the power distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit comprises a diode D8, the anode of the diode D8 is connected with the output end of a bridge rectifier circuit formed by diodes D9, D10, D11 and D12, and the cathode of the diode D8 is connected with the input end of the charger.
5. The electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct-current distribution according to claim 4, wherein diodes D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 in the distribution power frequency rectifying circuit are power devices; the diode D7 and the switch tube Q5 in the distribution power factor correction circuit are power devices; IGBT devices Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4 in the distribution LLC full-bridge inverter circuit are power devices; diodes D9, D10, D11 and D12 in the power distribution high-frequency rectification circuit are power devices; the diode D8 in the power distribution anti-backflow direct current output circuit is a power device; the power device is arranged on the first radiator; the first radiator adopts an air cooling and/or liquid cooling radiator; the power distribution controller and the power distribution PWM isolation driving circuit of the high-voltage direct-current conversion device are packaged in the first heat conduction shell, and are isolated from the first radiator.
6. The electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct current distribution according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the input voltage of the charger is 0.8 Kv-1 Kv direct current voltage, and the electric vehicle charging station comprises a direct current breaker, a direct current charging module, an off-board direct current charger controller and a switch K, wherein the input end of the direct current charging module is connected with the output end of the direct current breaker, the output end of the direct current charging module is connected with the switch K, and the on-off of the switch K and the direct current breaker are controlled by the off-board direct current charger controller.
7. The electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct current distribution according to claim 6, wherein the direct current charging module in the charger comprises a direct current input EMI filter circuit, a charging module LLC full-bridge inverter circuit, a charging module high-frequency transformer, a charging module high-frequency rectifying circuit, a charging module anti-backflow direct current output circuit, a charging module PWM isolation driving control circuit and a charging module controller, wherein the input end of the direct current input EMI filter circuit is connected with the output end of the high-voltage direct current conversion device, the input end of the charging module LLC full-bridge inverter circuit is connected with the output end of the direct current input EMI filter circuit, the output end of the charging module LLC full-bridge inverter circuit is connected with the primary coil of the charging module high-frequency transformer, the secondary coil of the charging module high-frequency transformer is connected with the input end of the charging module high-frequency rectifying circuit, the output end of the charging module high-frequency rectifying circuit is connected with the direct current charging anti-backflow direct current output circuit, the output end of the charging module anti-backflow direct current output circuit is connected with the charging vehicle, and the charging module controller is connected with the charging vehicle through the charging module isolation driving control circuit driving the charging module full-bridge inverter circuit, and the charging module controller is further connected with the charging module PWM driving control circuit through the PWM.
8. The electric vehicle charging station based on high voltage direct current distribution according to claim 7, wherein the charging module LLC full bridge inverter circuit in the direct current charging module comprises four switching tubes and peripheral circuits thereof, the four switching tubes are Q21, Q22, Q23, Q24, respectively, the gate of Q21, the gate of Q22, the gate of Q23, and the gate of Q24 are all connected with the high voltage direct current conversion PWM isolation driving control circuit, the emitter of Q21, the collector of Q22, the emitter of Q23, and the collector of Q24 are all connected with the primary coil of the high voltage direct current conversion high frequency transformer T22, the collector of Q21 and the collector of Q23 are connected with the positive terminal of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor C22, the emitter of Q22 and the emitter of Q24 are all connected with the negative terminal of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor C22, and the charging module high frequency rectifying circuit comprises a bridge rectifying circuit composed of diodes D29, D30, D31, and D32; the anti-backflow direct current output circuit of the charging module comprises a diode D28, the anode of the diode D28 is connected with the positive end of the output end of a bridge rectifier circuit formed by diodes D29, D30, D31 and D32, and the cathode of the diode D8 is connected with the input end of the electric vehicle.
9. The electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct-current distribution according to claim 8, wherein the four switching tubes Q21, Q22, Q23, Q24 of the charging module LLC full-bridge inverter circuit of the charger are power devices; diodes D29, D30, D31 and D32 in the high-frequency rectification circuit of the charging module are power devices; the diode D28 in the anti-backflow direct current output circuit of the charging module is a power device; the power device is arranged on the second radiator; the second radiator is an air-cooled and/or liquid-cooled radiator; the charging module controller and the charging module PWM isolation driving circuit in the direct current charging module are packaged in the second heat conduction shell, and the charging module controller and the charging module PWM isolation driving circuit in the direct current charging module are isolated from the second radiator.
10. The electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct-current distribution according to claim 9, wherein the switching tubes Q21, Q22, Q23, Q24 in the direct-current charging module can be IGBT devices or SIC power modules.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710409378.0A CN116572774A (en) | 2017-06-02 | 2017-06-02 | Electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct-current power distribution |
| PCT/CN2017/093646 WO2018218754A1 (en) | 2017-06-02 | 2017-07-20 | High voltage direct current power distribution-based electric vehicle charging station |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710409378.0A CN116572774A (en) | 2017-06-02 | 2017-06-02 | Electric vehicle charging station based on high-voltage direct-current power distribution |
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| CN116572774A true CN116572774A (en) | 2023-08-11 |
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| CN109606157B (en) * | 2019-02-14 | 2024-04-05 | 上海科世达-华阳汽车电器有限公司 | New energy automobile and on-vehicle machine that charges thereof |
| CN113232533B (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2024-02-20 | 科世达(上海)机电有限公司 | Vehicle and charger |
| CN113659689B (en) * | 2021-08-18 | 2024-04-26 | 中车青岛四方车辆研究所有限公司 | Charger circuit and module |
| CN114069626A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-02-18 | 深圳市群方技术有限公司 | Multi-power supply system distribution unit |
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| CN1503444A (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2004-06-09 | 株洲电力机车研究所 | DC boosting conversion circuit |
| CN102355038B (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2014-04-23 | 株洲市达能科技有限公司 | High voltage direct current charger |
| CN204700414U (en) * | 2015-03-19 | 2015-10-14 | 浙江乐威泵业有限公司 | A kind of electric welding machine circuit of APFC |
| CN205490158U (en) * | 2016-03-25 | 2016-08-17 | 科广电子（东莞）有限公司 | Direct current charger device based on IGBT |
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