CN116571844A - Automatic welding torch device for arc additive repairing of composite mold and repairing method - Google Patents

Automatic welding torch device for arc additive repairing of composite mold and repairing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116571844A
CN116571844A CN202310616240.3A CN202310616240A CN116571844A CN 116571844 A CN116571844 A CN 116571844A CN 202310616240 A CN202310616240 A CN 202310616240A CN 116571844 A CN116571844 A CN 116571844A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
tungsten electrode
arc
clamping body
cavity
welding torch
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CN202310616240.3A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
从保强
曾才有
姜自昊
杨清福
蔡鑫祎
齐铂金
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Beihang University
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Beihang University
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Priority to CN202310616240.3A priority Critical patent/CN116571844A/en
Publication of CN116571844A publication Critical patent/CN116571844A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/24—Features related to electrodes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/32—Accessories
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Arc Welding In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic welding torch device for arc material-increasing repair of a composite material die and a repairing method, wherein a motor of an electric tungsten electrode and wire feeding nozzle synchronous lifting device is in transmission connection with a tungsten electrode clamping body through a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism controls the tungsten electrode clamping body to move along the direction of approaching/separating from the arc material-increasing repair surface of the composite material die; the bottom end of the tungsten electrode clamping body clamps the tungsten electrode; the synchronous mechanism and the tungsten electrode clamping body synchronously move; the bottom end of the synchronous mechanism is provided with a wire feeding nozzle; the arc voltage measuring device is used for measuring the arc voltage of the tungsten electrode in real time and sending the arc voltage to the controller; the controller generates a compensation command according to the real-time variation of the arc voltage by keeping the arc voltage unchanged as an objective function, and the compensation command is transmitted to the motor for feedback control of the movement amount of the tungsten electrode clamping body. The invention simplifies the repairing process while ensuring the repairing quality, and has the advantage of being more suitable for complex space special-shaped concave curved surface structures of composite molds.

Description

Automatic welding torch device for arc additive repairing of composite mold and repairing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to an arc additive repairing automatic welding torch device and a repairing method of a composite mold.
Background
The carbon fiber reinforced polymer matrix composite is one of the main materials of the aerospace industry structure gradually due to the characteristics of excellent strength, light weight, high fatigue resistance and the like. Mold cost is one of the major costs of composite fabrication, including material and process costs. The composite mold is subject to long-term thermal cycle and load cycle in use, and the dimensional accuracy is easy to be degraded, so that the product accuracy is not up to standard. Because the mould precision is irreversible, the precision degradation greatly increases the production cost of the composite material. The advent of arc additive repair technology has made possible the low cost implementation of mold accuracy reversible, however, this technology has not been widely used at present due to the imperfections of the relevant equipment systems for composite mold additive repair.
At present, common welding or additive manufacturing equipment is generally used for additive repair of a composite mold, and the additive manufacturing equipment has quite limitations when applied to complex space special-shaped concave curved surface structures such as composite molds, so that the additive repair of the composite mold faces a plurality of technical problems and the performance of the repaired mold is difficult to ensure. In order to solve the problems, a set of system equipment special for arc additive repair of a composite die needs to be studied.
Therefore, how to provide an automatic welding torch device and a repairing method for additive repairing of a composite mold, which can facilitate repairing of a complex space special-shaped concave curved surface structure, is a technical problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automatic welding torch device for arc additive repair of a composite mold and a repair method, which are used for solving the problems that the repair process is difficult and the repair quality is difficult to guarantee due to the lack of special equipment for the material additive repair of the current composite mold.
The invention firstly provides an automatic welding torch device for arc additive repair of a composite mold, which comprises the following components: the welding torch comprises an electric tungsten electrode and a wire feeding nozzle synchronous lifting device; wherein,,
the synchronous lifting device of the electric tungsten electrode and the wire feeding nozzle comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a tungsten electrode clamping body, a tungsten electrode, a synchronous mechanism and the wire feeding nozzle; the motor is in transmission connection with the tungsten electrode clamping body through a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism controls the tungsten electrode clamping body to move along the direction of approaching/separating from the composite material die material-adding repair surface; the bottom end of the tungsten electrode clamping body clamps the tungsten electrode; the synchronous mechanism is fixedly connected with the tungsten electrode clamping body and synchronously moves with the tungsten electrode clamping body; the bottom end of the synchronous mechanism is provided with the wire feeding nozzle;
the arc voltage on-line control module comprises an arc voltage measuring device and a controller; the arc voltage measuring device is used for measuring the arc voltage of the tungsten electrode in real time and sending the arc voltage to the controller; the controller generates a compensation instruction according to the real-time variation of the arc voltage with the arc voltage kept unchanged as an objective function, and the compensation instruction is transmitted to the motor for feedback control of the movement amount of the tungsten electrode clamping body.
Preferably, the tungsten electrode clamping body is of a screw rod structure, an external thread is arranged on the outer surface of the screw rod structure, and the transmission mechanism is sleeved outside the screw rod structure and meshed with the external thread.
Preferably, the transmission mechanism comprises a drive bevel gear and a driven bevel gear which are mutually meshed, wherein the intersection angle between two shafts is 90 degrees; the drive bevel gear is arranged at the output end of the motor; the driven bevel gear is provided with a nesting hole, and the nesting hole is provided with internal threads; the tungsten electrode clamping body penetrates through the nesting hole, and the internal threads are meshed with the external threads.
Preferably, the synchronous lifting device of the electric tungsten electrode and the wire feeding nozzle further comprises a mounting frame, wherein the mounting frame is used for fixedly mounting the transmission mechanism, a lifting track is further arranged on the mounting frame, and the relative position relation between the lifting track and the transmission mechanism is fixed; the lifting track passes through the synchronous mechanism and is in sliding connection with the synchronous mechanism.
Preferably, the synchronous lifting device of the electric tungsten electrode and the wire feeding nozzle further comprises a protection surface increasing device; the protection surface enlarging device is sleeved on the periphery of the structure formed after the tungsten electrode is clamped by the tungsten electrode clamping body, and the tail end of the tungsten electrode is exposed out of the protection surface enlarging device; the protection surface enlarging device is used for outputting protection gas to the tail end of the tungsten electrode within a set space range.
Preferably, the inner cavity and the outer cavity which are isolated from each other are arranged in the protection surface enlarging device; the bottom ends of the inner layer cavity and the outer layer cavity are both open structures; wherein,,
the inner layer cavity is an annular cavity and is positioned at the periphery of the tungsten electrode clamping body; an annular inner layer cavity inner pipeline is arranged in the inner layer cavity along the annular cavity structure; an inner layer cavity screen is arranged in the inner layer cavity, and the edge of the inner layer cavity screen is connected with the inner wall of the inner layer cavity; the inner layer cavity screen is positioned at the bottom of the inner tube of the inner layer cavity;
the outer layer cavity is an annular cavity and is positioned at the periphery of the inner layer cavity; an annular outer-cavity inner pipeline is arranged in the outer-cavity along the annular cavity structure; an outer layer cavity screen is arranged in the outer layer cavity, and the edge of the outer layer cavity screen is connected with the inner wall of the outer layer cavity; the outer cavity screen is positioned at the bottom of the inner pipe of the outer cavity;
the inner-layer intracavity pipeline and the outer-layer intracavity pipeline are communicated with the air inlet of the protective gas through the extraluminal pipeline; and exhaust holes are formed in the inner-layer cavity pipeline and the outer-layer cavity pipeline.
Preferably, the protection surface enlarging device is provided with an outer shell, and water-cooling pipelines are distributed outside the outer shell.
Preferably, the water cooling pipeline is a spiral pipeline and is circumferentially arranged on the surface of the outer side wall of the outer shell.
Preferably, the welding torch further comprises a gun body structure, wherein the gun body structure is sleeved on the outer surface of the tungsten electrode clamping body and is positioned at the top of the protection surface enlarging device. The gun body structure outputs uniform shielding gas at a gun nozzle for generating an electric arc; a cooling pipeline is arranged in the tungsten electrode clamping body and used for cooling the tungsten electrode clamping body; and plays a supporting role on the tungsten electrode clamping body.
Preferably, the device further comprises a translation mechanism for driving the welding torch to horizontally move along the additive repairing surface of the composite mold.
The invention also provides a repairing method of the automatic welding torch device for arc additive repairing of the composite mould, which comprises the following steps:
s1: determining an initial position of a repairing path, and enabling the welding torch to be located above the initial position for a specified distance;
s2: the welding torch horizontally moves along the additive repairing surface of the composite mold according to the repairing path, and the arc voltage is monitored in real time;
s3: calculating and obtaining a real-time compensation instruction of the motor by using the corresponding relation between the motor parameter and the arc voltage variation to control the movement amount of the tungsten electrode clamping body along the direction approaching to/separating from the composite material mold material-adding repairing surface in the horizontal movement process by using the arc voltage to be kept unchanged as an objective function;
s4: and repeatedly executing S2-S3 until reaching the repair path end position.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
based on the corresponding relation between the arc voltage and the arc length, the change amount of the arc length is obtained through the monitoring result of the arc voltage, the change amount is converted into an objective function which keeps the arc length unchanged, and the real-time compensation instruction of the motor is calculated and obtained by utilizing the corresponding relation between the motor parameter and the change amount of the arc length, so that the arc length is compensated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
aiming at high-quality material-increasing repair of complex space special-shaped concave curved surface structures of composite molds, the invention designs a special automatic arc material-increasing repair welding torch and a repair method thereof. Firstly, due to the automatic maintenance function of the welding arc length, compensation of the path in the vertical direction can be omitted when the additive repairing path planning is carried out, so that only the path in the horizontal plane is required to be designed instead of the three-dimensional space path, and the path planning difficulty is greatly reduced; secondly, the welding torch structure allows the tungsten electrode to extend out of the gun nozzle for a longer distance, and the protection surface enlarging device can provide better protection for the tungsten electrode when the tungsten electrode extends out for a longer length, so that the accessibility of the welding torch is higher, and compared with a traditional TIG automatic welding gun with similar coaxial wire feeding, the welding torch structure has the advantage of being more suitable for complex space special-shaped concave curved surface structures of composite material moulds.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained from the provided drawings without inventive labor for those skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an automated welding torch apparatus for arc additive repair of a composite mold provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a welding torch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a synchronous lifting device 2 of an electric tungsten electrode and a wire feeding nozzle provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a synchronous lifting device 2 of an electric tungsten electrode and a wire feeding nozzle provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a protective surface augmentation instrument provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of an inner lumen tubing and an outer lumen tubing of a protective surface augmentation instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a side cross-sectional view of a protective surface augmentation instrument provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top cross-sectional view of a protective surface augmentation system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a screen structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the inner and outer chambers provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic flow diagram of shielding gas in an extraluminal pipeline according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic flow diagram of a shielding gas inside a shielding surface augmentation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of a welding torch repair path provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The principle of application of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-2, a first aspect of the present invention provides an arc additive repair automated welding torch apparatus for a composite mold, comprising: the welding torch and the arc voltage on-line control module 4 comprise an electric tungsten electrode and wire feeding nozzle synchronous lifting device 2; wherein,,
the synchronous lifting device 2 of the electric tungsten electrode and the wire feeding nozzle comprises a motor 21, a transmission mechanism 22, a tungsten electrode clamping body 23, a tungsten electrode 27, a synchronous mechanism 25 and a wire feeding nozzle 26; the motor 21 is in transmission connection with the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 through the transmission mechanism 22, and the transmission mechanism 22 controls the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 to move along the direction of approaching/separating from the additive repairing surface of the composite mold; the bottom end of the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 clamps a tungsten electrode 27; the synchronous mechanism 25 is fixedly connected with the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 and synchronously moves with the tungsten electrode clamping body 23; the bottom end of the synchronous mechanism 25 is provided with a wire feeding nozzle 26;
the arc voltage on-line control module 4 comprises an arc voltage measuring device and a controller; the arc voltage measuring device is used for measuring the arc voltage of the tungsten electrode 27 in real time and sending the arc voltage to the controller; the controller generates a compensation command according to the real-time variation of the arc voltage by keeping the arc voltage unchanged as an objective function, and the compensation command is transmitted to the motor 21 for feedback control of the movement amount of the tungsten electrode clamping body 23.
The working principle of the synchronous lifting device 2 of the electric tungsten electrode and the wire feeding nozzle in the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
the motor 21 drives the transmission mechanism 22, the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 is connected with the transmission mechanism 22 in a transmission way, the rotation of the motor 21 is converted into vertical translational motion of the tungsten electrode clamping body 23, the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 is fixed with the synchronous mechanism 25, the synchronous mechanism 25 is fixed with the wire feeding nozzle 26, and the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 drives the wire feeding nozzle 26 to synchronously move for the same distance through the synchronous mechanism 25 during the translational motion.
The working principle of the arc voltage on-line control module 4 of the embodiment of the invention is as follows:
one end of a measuring part of the arc voltage measuring device is connected with a tungsten electrode clamping body 23 of the welding torch, the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 is made of conductive materials and is electrically contacted with a tungsten electrode, and the other end of the measuring part is connected with an anode of an additive power supply. The arc voltage measuring device transmits the measured arc voltage as input to the controller, the controller generates a rotation instruction of the motor 21 according to the current voltage value and the compensation rule, and the motor 21 drives the tungsten electrode 27 and the wire feeding nozzle 26 to synchronously move according to the instruction so as to compensate the arc length.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3-4, the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 and the transmission mechanism 22 can adopt a screw transmission structure, the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 is of a screw structure, the outer surface of the screw structure is provided with external threads, and the transmission mechanism 22 is sleeved outside the screw structure and meshed with the external threads.
In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 22 includes a drive bevel gear and a driven bevel gear which are engaged with each other and have an intersection angle of 90 degrees between two shafts, and the drive bevel gear and the driven bevel gear are made of insulating materials; the drive bevel gear is arranged at the output end of the motor 21; the driven bevel gear is provided with a nested hole, and the nested hole is provided with internal threads; the tungsten electrode holder 23 passes through the nesting hole, and the internal thread is meshed with the external thread.
In this embodiment, under the driving of the motor 21, the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 generates a vertical reciprocating movement amount, so that the tip of the tungsten electrode 27 and the surface to be repaired are always kept within a preset distance range.
In one embodiment, the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 and the transmission mechanism 22 can also adopt worm and gear transmission structures, and only the transmission structure capable of converting the horizontal rotation of the motor 21 into the vertical rotation of the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 is required to be applied to the embodiment.
In one embodiment, the motor 21 is a stepper motor.
In one embodiment, the welding torch further comprises a gun body structure 1, wherein the gun body structure 1 is sleeved on the outer surface of the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 and is positioned at the top of the protection surface enlarging device 3. The gun body structure 1 is consistent with the structure principle of a common automatic welding TIG welding gun.
The structure of the welding torch output shielding gas (inert gas) comprises a gun body structure 1 and a shielding surface enlarging device 3.
The principle of outputting the shielding gas (inert gas) by the gun body structure 1 is as follows:
the gun body structure 1 is provided with a protective gas inlet, uniform inert gas is output at the gun nozzle, and part of the output inert gas is ionized to form an electric arc as a heat source and the other part of the output inert gas is used as protective atmosphere.
When the tungsten electrode is extended too long, the protection capability of the nozzle part cannot meet the requirement for the protection gas, so that the protection surface enlarging device 3 is additionally arranged. At this time, the inert gas of the gun nozzle portion is used to form an arc, and the protective surface enlarging device 3 only needs to provide a protective gas atmosphere, thereby satisfying the requirement of the gas flow amount required for the protective gas.
In one embodiment, the synchronization mechanism 25 may be a synchronization bracket, and is fixedly connected to the top of the tungsten electrode holder 23 and has a downward extension portion, the extension portion is located on one side of the tungsten electrode holder 23, and the bottom end of the extension portion has a fixing portion of the wire feeding nozzle 26, where an angle between a connection point of the fixing portion of the wire feeding nozzle 26 and the bottom end of the extension portion is adjustable, so that a distance between the wire feeding nozzle 26 and the tip of the tungsten electrode 27 meets practical requirements.
In one embodiment, the synchronous lifting device 2 of the electric tungsten electrode and the wire feeding nozzle further comprises a mounting frame, wherein the mounting frame is used for fixedly mounting the transmission mechanism 22, the mounting frame is further provided with a lifting rail 24, and the relative position relationship between the lifting rail 24 and the transmission mechanism 22 is fixed; the lifting rail 24 passes through the synchronizing mechanism 25 and is in sliding connection with the synchronizing mechanism 25.
The lifting rail 24 provides a guiding function for the synchronizing mechanism 25, and ensures that only the up-and-down translational movement of the synchronizing support occurs.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 5-10, the electric tungsten electrode and wire feeding nozzle synchronous lifting device 2 further comprises a protection surface increasing device 3; the protection surface enlarging device 3 is sleeved on the periphery of the structure formed after the tungsten electrode 27 is clamped by the tungsten electrode clamping body 23, and the tail end of the tungsten electrode 27 is exposed out of the protection surface enlarging device 3; the protection surface enlarging device 3 is used for outputting protection gas in a set space range to the tail end of the tungsten electrode 27.
In this embodiment, the protection surface enlarging device 3 is internally provided with an inner layer cavity 371 and an outer layer cavity 372 which are isolated from each other; the bottom ends of the inner layer cavity 371 and the outer layer cavity 372 are both open structures; wherein,,
the inner layer cavity 371 is an annular cavity and is positioned at the periphery of the tungsten electrode clamping body 23; an annular inner cavity inner pipeline 351 is arranged in the inner cavity 371 along the annular cavity structure; an inner cavity screen 341 is arranged in the inner cavity 371, and the edge of the inner cavity screen 341 is connected with the inner wall of the inner cavity 371; the inner cavity screen 341 is positioned at the bottom of the inner pipeline 351 in the inner cavity;
the outer layer cavity 372 is an annular cavity and is positioned at the periphery of the inner layer cavity 371; an annular outer lumen inner conduit 352 is disposed along the annular cavity structure within the outer lumen 372; an outer cavity screen 342 is arranged in the outer cavity 372, and the edge of the outer cavity screen 342 is connected with the inner wall of the outer cavity 372; the outer lumen screen 342 is located at the bottom of the outer lumen inner conduit 352;
the inner layer intracavity pipe 351 and the outer layer intracavity pipe 352 are communicated with the air inlet of the protective gas through the extraluminal pipe 36; exhaust holes are arranged on the inner cavity inner pipeline 351 and the outer cavity inner pipeline 352.
In this embodiment, the present invention further includes an extra-lumen tube 36, and the air inlet is connected to the inner-lumen tube 351 and the outer-lumen tube 352 through the extra-lumen tube 36, and supplies the protection gas to the two sets of intra-lumen tubes.
In this embodiment, the protection surface enlarging device 3 is internally provided with an inner interlayer 33, and the inner interlayer 33 isolates the cavity formed by the outer casing 31 into an inner independent cavity and an outer independent cavity, namely an inner cavity 371 and an outer cavity 372.
The inner interlayer 33 is an annular conical interlayer, the inner side of the annular conical interlayer is an inner layer cavity 371, and the outer side of the annular conical interlayer is an outer layer cavity 372; the inner diameter of the circular ring formed at the bottom edge of the inner interlayer 33 is smaller than that of the circular ring formed at the top edge, and the circular ring is in a closing-in shape. The more shielding gas is needed near the tungsten electrode, the inner interlayer 33 accelerates the flow of the shielding gas output by the inner layer cavity 371, and the requirements on the flow rate and the density of the shielding gas in the space range near the tungsten electrode are met.
Referring to fig. 11-12, wherein fig. 12 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 11 taken along the direction A-A. The flow path of the shielding gas in the shielding surface enlarging device 3 is:
the shielding gas sequentially enters the inner-layer cavity inner pipeline 351 and the outer-layer cavity inner pipeline 352 respectively through the air inlet and the outer-layer cavity pipeline 36, then enters the cavity through the exhaust holes on the inner-layer cavity pipeline, and is uniformly discharged to the outer space where the tail end of the tungsten electrode 27 is located through the screen, the inner-layer cavity 371 and the open structure at the bottom end of the outer-layer cavity 372 after the cavity is filled with the shielding gas.
Since the protective surface of the protective gas is increased by the protective surface increasing means 3, even when the tungsten electrode 27 is extended too much to accommodate the concave surface of the repair surface, good protection of the protective gas can be obtained.
In one embodiment, water cooling lines 32 are distributed outside the outer housing 31 of the protection surface enlarging device 3.
In this embodiment, the water cooling pipe 32 is a spiral pipe and is disposed around the outer side wall surface of the outer housing 31.
In one embodiment, the device further comprises a translation mechanism for driving the welding torch to move horizontally along the additive repairing surface of the composite mold.
In the concrete implementation, the translation mechanism can adopt a robot or a numerical control machine tool, and is used for realizing translation motion in two directions of X, Y, and the electric tungsten electrode and the wire feeding nozzle synchronously lift device 2 realize movement in the z direction.
A second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a repair method according to the first aspect, including the steps of:
s1: determining an initial position of a repairing path, and enabling the welding torch to be located above the initial position for a specified distance;
s2: the welding torch horizontally moves along the additive repairing surface of the composite mold according to the repairing path, and monitors the arc voltage in real time;
s3: calculating and obtaining a real-time compensation instruction of the motor 21 by using the corresponding relation between the parameters of the motor 21 and the variation of the arc voltage to keep the arc voltage unchanged as an objective function, and controlling the movement amount of the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 along the direction approaching to/separating from the composite material mold additive repair surface in the horizontal movement process in a feedback manner;
s4: and repeatedly executing S2-S3 until reaching the repair path end position.
In this embodiment, the method further includes the following steps:
based on the corresponding relation between the arc voltage and the arc length, the change amount of the arc length is obtained through the monitoring result of the arc voltage, and is converted into an objective function which keeps the arc length unchanged, and the real-time compensation instruction of the motor 21 is calculated and obtained by utilizing the corresponding relation between the parameters of the motor 21 and the change amount of the arc length, so that the arc length is compensated.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
step1: vertically placing the welding torch in an initial state at a certain distance above the initial position of the repairing path of the composite mold;
step2: the length of the deep part of the tungsten electrode 27 is adjusted, and the vertical distance between the tip of the tungsten electrode 27 and the initial position of the mould repairing path is 3-6mm.
step3: the welding torch is driven by an external motion executing mechanism (a robot, a numerical control machine tool and the like) to horizontally move according to a repairing path, and an arc voltage on-line control module 4 monitors the arc voltage in real time during the motion;
step4: the arc voltage measuring device transmits the arc voltage value measured in real time to the controller, the distance between the tip of the tungsten electrode 27 and the workpiece (namely the arc length) changes along with the movement of the welding torch because the surface to be repaired is a space special-shaped curved surface, the arc voltage is in direct proportion to the arc length, the change of the arc length can be obtained through the arc voltage monitoring result, and the arc length can be maintained by ensuring that the arc voltage is kept unchanged.
step5: when the arc length is changed, the controller generates a compensation instruction according to the current voltage, and the generation mode is as follows:
let the initial arc voltage be v 0 The current arc voltage is v t The corresponding relation between arc voltage and arc length is K (v) (the relation between different welding gun structures and different welding power sources is different, experimental measurement is needed according to different equipment, so that K is replaced by K here), the number of required rotation cycles of the motor 21 is n, the reduction ratio of the gear set is eta, and the lead screw lead is mu. The above parameters have the following correspondence:
then a compensation command is generated, i.e. the number of required rotations of the motor 21 is:
step6: the compensation command is transmitted to the motor 21, the motor 21 rotates in the forward/reverse direction to drive the transmission mechanism 22, the rotation of the motor 21 is converted into upward/downward translational motion of the tungsten electrode clamping body 23, the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 is fixed with the synchronous mechanism 25, the synchronous mechanism 25 is fixed with the wire feeding nozzle 26, and the tungsten electrode clamping body 23 drives the wire feeding nozzle 26 to synchronously move downwards for the same distance through the synchronous mechanism 25 during translational motion, so that the arc length is compensated, and the initial length of the arc length is restored.
step7: step5-step6 are repeated until the repair is completed.
The horizontal movement path of the welding torch along the repairing surface and the vertical movement amount of the tungsten electrode 27 are shown as shown in fig. 13, and the invention ensures that the welding torch can automatically and adaptively adjust the extension length of the tungsten electrode 27 in the concave repairing areas with different depths on the current horizontal movement path in the real-time horizontal movement process so as to meet the consistency requirement of repairing technical indexes of the complex repairing surface.
The invention has been described in detail with reference to the arc additive repair automatic welding torch device and repair method for composite mold, and specific examples are applied to illustrate the principles and embodiments of the invention, and the description of the above examples is only for helping to understand the method and core idea of the invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will vary in the specific embodiments and application scope according to the idea of the present invention, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the present invention in summary.
In this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic welding torch device for arc additive repair of a composite mold, comprising: the welding torch comprises an electric tungsten electrode and a wire feeding nozzle synchronous lifting device; wherein,,
the synchronous lifting device of the electric tungsten electrode and the wire feeding nozzle comprises a motor, a transmission mechanism, a tungsten electrode clamping body, a tungsten electrode, a synchronous mechanism and the wire feeding nozzle; the motor is in transmission connection with the tungsten electrode clamping body through a transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism controls the tungsten electrode clamping body to move along the direction of approaching/separating from the arc additive repairing surface of the composite mold; the bottom end of the tungsten electrode clamping body clamps the tungsten electrode; the synchronous mechanism is fixedly connected with the tungsten electrode clamping body and synchronously moves with the tungsten electrode clamping body; the bottom end of the synchronous mechanism is provided with the wire feeding nozzle;
the arc voltage on-line control module comprises an arc voltage measuring device and a controller; the arc voltage measuring device is used for measuring the arc voltage of the tungsten electrode in real time and sending the arc voltage to the controller; the controller generates a compensation instruction according to the real-time variation of the arc voltage with the arc voltage kept unchanged as an objective function, and the compensation instruction is transmitted to the motor for feedback control of the movement amount of the tungsten electrode clamping body.
2. The automatic welding torch device for arc additive repair of composite molds according to claim 1, wherein the tungsten electrode clamping body is a screw rod structure, an external thread is arranged on the outer surface of the screw rod structure, and the transmission mechanism is sleeved outside the screw rod structure and meshed with the external thread.
3. The automatic welding torch device for arc additive repair of composite molds according to claim 2, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a drive bevel gear and a driven bevel gear which are mutually meshed, wherein the intersection angle between two shafts is 90 degrees; the drive bevel gear is arranged at the output end of the motor; the driven bevel gear is provided with a nesting hole, and the nesting hole is provided with internal threads; the tungsten electrode clamping body penetrates through the nesting hole, and the internal threads are meshed with the external threads.
4. The automatic welding torch device for arc additive repair of composite molds according to claim 1, wherein the synchronous lifting device of the electric tungsten electrode and the wire feeding nozzle further comprises a mounting frame, the mounting frame is used for fixedly mounting the transmission mechanism, a lifting track is further arranged on the mounting frame, and the relative position relationship between the lifting track and the transmission mechanism is fixed; the lifting track passes through the synchronous mechanism and is in sliding connection with the synchronous mechanism.
5. The automatic welding torch device for arc additive repair of composite molds according to claim 1, wherein the electric tungsten electrode and wire feeding nozzle synchronous lifting device further comprises a protection surface increasing device; the protection surface enlarging device is sleeved on the periphery of the structure formed after the tungsten electrode is clamped by the tungsten electrode clamping body, and the tail end of the tungsten electrode is exposed out of the protection surface enlarging device; the protection surface enlarging device is used for outputting protection gas to the tail end of the tungsten electrode within a set space range.
6. The automatic welding torch device for arc additive repair of composite molds according to claim 5, wherein the inner cavity and the outer cavity are isolated from each other; the bottom ends of the inner layer cavity and the outer layer cavity are both open structures; wherein,,
the inner layer cavity is an annular cavity and is positioned at the periphery of the tungsten electrode clamping body; an annular inner layer cavity inner pipeline is arranged in the inner layer cavity along the annular cavity structure; an inner layer cavity screen is arranged in the inner layer cavity, and the edge of the inner layer cavity screen is connected with the inner wall of the inner layer cavity; the inner layer cavity screen is positioned at the bottom of the inner tube of the inner layer cavity;
the outer layer cavity is an annular cavity and is positioned at the periphery of the inner layer cavity; an annular outer-cavity inner pipeline is arranged in the outer-cavity along the annular cavity structure; an outer layer cavity screen is arranged in the outer layer cavity, and the edge of the outer layer cavity screen is connected with the inner wall of the outer layer cavity; the outer cavity screen is positioned at the bottom of the inner pipe of the outer cavity;
the inner-layer intracavity pipeline and the outer-layer intracavity pipeline are communicated with the air inlet of the protective gas through the extraluminal pipeline; and exhaust holes are formed in the inner-layer cavity pipeline and the outer-layer cavity pipeline.
7. The composite mold arc additive repair automated welding torch apparatus of claim 5, wherein the protective surface augmentation device comprises an outer housing having water-cooled piping disposed externally of the outer housing.
8. The automated composite mold arc additive repair welding torch apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a translation mechanism for driving the welding torch horizontally along the composite mold additive repair surface.
9. A repair method of a composite mold arc additive repair automated welding torch apparatus according to any of claims 1-8, comprising the steps of:
s1: determining an initial position of a repairing path, and enabling the welding torch to be located above the initial position for a specified distance;
s2: the welding torch horizontally moves along the arc additive repairing surface of the composite mold according to the repairing path, and monitors the arc voltage in real time;
s3: calculating and obtaining a real-time compensation instruction of the motor by using the corresponding relation between the motor parameter and the arc voltage variation to control the movement amount of the tungsten electrode clamping body along the direction approaching to/separating from the surface of the composite material mold arc material increase repair in the horizontal movement process in a feedback manner;
s4: and repeatedly executing S2-S3 until reaching the repair path end position.
10. The repair method of claim 9, further comprising the step of:
based on the corresponding relation between the arc voltage and the arc length, the change amount of the arc length is obtained through the monitoring result of the arc voltage, the change amount is converted into an objective function which keeps the arc length unchanged, and the real-time compensation instruction of the motor is calculated and obtained by utilizing the corresponding relation between the motor parameter and the change amount of the arc length, so that the arc length is compensated.
CN202310616240.3A 2023-05-29 2023-05-29 Automatic welding torch device for arc additive repairing of composite mold and repairing method Pending CN116571844A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310616240.3A CN116571844A (en) 2023-05-29 2023-05-29 Automatic welding torch device for arc additive repairing of composite mold and repairing method

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310616240.3A CN116571844A (en) 2023-05-29 2023-05-29 Automatic welding torch device for arc additive repairing of composite mold and repairing method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN116571844A true CN116571844A (en) 2023-08-11

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202310616240.3A Pending CN116571844A (en) 2023-05-29 2023-05-29 Automatic welding torch device for arc additive repairing of composite mold and repairing method

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN116571844A (en)

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