CN116571819B - Processing method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of gear - Google Patents
Processing method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN116571819B CN116571819B CN202310852550.5A CN202310852550A CN116571819B CN 116571819 B CN116571819 B CN 116571819B CN 202310852550 A CN202310852550 A CN 202310852550A CN 116571819 B CN116571819 B CN 116571819B
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- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000641 cold extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010273 cold forging Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001339 C alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005480 shot peening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005255 carburizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F19/00—Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P9/00—Treating or finishing surfaces mechanically, with or without calibrating, primarily to resist wear or impact, e.g. smoothing or roughening turbine blades or bearings; Features of such surfaces not otherwise provided for, their treatment being unspecified
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gears, Cams (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of transmission gear machining, and discloses a machining method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of a gear, wherein a near-net forming process is adopted to perform rough machining on a gear blank; then adopting a gear grinding process to finish the gear part of the rough machined gear; then, performing heat treatment on the finished gear by adopting QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment technology, and forming a composite reinforcing layer on the surface of the gear; secondly, carrying out shot blasting treatment on the gear subjected to heat treatment, and improving the residual compressive stress of the surface of the gear; finally, polishing the surface roughness of the gear to enable the roughness to reach the preset requirement; the invention combines the near-net forming process, the tooth grinding process, the QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment process, the shot blasting process and the finishing process to form the composite process for processing the gear, and the fatigue strength and the gluing bearing capacity of the gear are improved by adopting the gear processed by the composite process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of transmission gear processing, in particular to a processing method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of gears.
Background
The new energy automobile adopts a motor and speed reducer scheme to replace the scheme of an engine and a multi-gear transmission of the traditional fuel automobile, so that the new energy automobile is rapidly developed and applied in all parts of the world, and the motor is a main power source of the new energy automobile, and as the volume, the weight and the cost of the motor are in direct proportion to the output torque of the motor, the current development trend is to increase the speed ratio of a transmission system by increasing the form of the speed reducer, reduce the output torque of the motor, ensure that the volume, the weight and the cost of the motor are reduced under the condition of unchanged power by increasing the rotating speed of the motor, and the transmission gear is used as an important part of the transmission system of the new energy automobile, thereby playing an important role in safe, reliable and efficient running of the automobile.
The mechanical property of the transmission gear mainly depends on a processing technology, a mode of combining heat treatment with carburization is generally adopted at present, so that the mechanical property of the gear is improved, but along with the development of high-speed motor, higher requirements are put on fatigue reliability and gluing bearing capacity of the gear at high rotating speed, and the gear processed by adopting the existing technology has the problems of insufficient strength of teeth, large roughness of tooth surfaces and unsatisfied deformation under the working condition of high rotating speed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a processing method for improving the fatigue strength and the gluing bearing capacity of the gear, the gear processed by the method has the advantages of higher tooth surface precision and small deformation of the gear, and the mechanical property of the gear is superior to that of the gear manufactured by the prior method, thereby meeting the use requirement of the gear under the working condition of high rotating speed.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a processing method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of gears comprises the following steps:
s1, roughly machining a gear blank by adopting a near-net forming process;
s2, adopting a gear grinding process to finish the gear part of the gear after rough machining;
s3, performing heat treatment on the gear subjected to finish machining by adopting a QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment process, and forming a composite reinforcing layer on the surface of the gear;
s4, carrying out residual compressive stress lifting treatment on the surface of the gear subjected to heat treatment by adopting a shot blasting process;
and S5, carrying out roughness treatment on the gear surface subjected to residual compressive stress lifting treatment to enable the roughness to reach the preset requirement, and finishing gear machining.
Preferably, the gear blank is a bar stock, and the gear blank is made of low-carbon alloy steel.
Preferably, the gear blank is made of 20CrMnTi, SAE8620, 20Cr2Ni4A, 18CrNiMo7-6 or 20MnCr5.
Preferably, the method of the near net shape forming process is as follows:
cold extrusion molding is carried out on the gear blank;
and (3) carrying out cold forging finishing treatment on the gear subjected to cold extrusion molding to finish rough machining of the gear.
Preferably, in S2, the gear grinding device is used to grind the tooth surface of the gear.
Preferably, the QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment process in S3 comprises the following steps:
preheating the gear after finish machining;
carrying out nitriding salt bath treatment on the preheated gear, and sequentially forming a diffusion layer and a compound layer on the surface of the gear;
the gear subjected to the nitriding salt bath treatment is subjected to the oxidizing salt bath treatment, and an oxide layer is formed on the compound layer of the gear.
Preferably, the temperature of the nitriding salt bath treatment is 600-620 ℃ and the time is 3-4h.
Preferably, the temperature of the oxidizing salt bath treatment is 350-370 ℃ and the time is 30min.
Preferably, the method of the shot blasting process is as follows:
shot blasting is carried out on the surface of the gear subjected to heat treatment for multiple times by adopting pellets with different particle diameters and different hardness;
in the process of the multiple shot blasting, the particle size of the shot is gradually reduced, and the hardness is gradually increased.
Preferably, in S5, the gear surface roughness is treated by a barreling finishing process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
according to the processing method for improving the fatigue strength and the gluing bearing capacity of the gear, firstly, the near-net forming process is adopted to process the gear blank to carry out rough machining, the forging streamline direction is perpendicular to the stress direction of the gear, so that the streamline of the internal structure of the gear is continuous, no cutting mark exists on the surface of the streamline, and the strength of the gear is improved; then, the gear part of the gear after rough machining is finished by adopting a gear grinding process, so that the precision grade of the tooth shape and the tooth direction of the gear part is ensured, and meanwhile, the transmission stability of the gear is improved; then a QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment process is adopted to treat the gear, a composite reinforcing layer is formed on the surface of the gear, the surface hardness and wear resistance of the gear and the fatigue strength and shock resistance of the gear are improved, and the tooth breakage risk of the gear under the high-rotation-speed condition is reduced; secondly, the surface of the gear is treated by adopting a shot blasting process, so that the residual compressive stress on the surface of the gear is improved, and the gear has certain pitting resistance; finally, the roughness of the gear surface is treated by adopting a finishing process, so that the anti-gluing and anti-wear performances of the gear are improved; the invention combines the near-net forming process, the tooth grinding process, the QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment process, the shot blasting process and the finishing process to form the composite process for processing the gear, and the fatigue strength and the gluing bearing capacity of the gear processed by adopting the composite process are obviously improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the microscopic topography of the tooth surface of a gear machined by the machining method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic outline of the tooth surface of a gear machined by the machining method of the invention;
fig. 3 is a graph showing the measurement result of the roughness of the tooth surface of the gear processed by the processing method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate but do not limit the invention.
A processing method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of gears comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting blank materials of gears.
The gear blank is a bar stock, the diameter of the bar stock is 3-5mm larger than that of the gear, the bar stock can be 20CrMnTi, SAE8620, 20Cr2Ni4A, 18CrNiMo7-6 or 20MnCr5 low-carbon alloy steel, and the forging process can be reduced by adopting the bar stock blank, so that the cost of the gear blank is reduced.
Step 2, rough machining of the tooth part of the gear is carried out on the blank by adopting a near net forming process;
the near net forming process adopts a combination process of cold extrusion and cold forging finishing, and specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, cold extrusion processing is carried out on a blank, then cold forging finishing treatment is carried out on the blank after cold extrusion, gear tooth part rough machining is completed, and the precision grade of the involute of the gear tooth part after rough machining meets the 8-9 grade requirement in GB/T10095.
The near-net forming process is adopted, so that the streamline of the involute of the forged tooth part is continuous, the forging streamline direction is perpendicular to the stress direction of the gear, the problem of poor shock resistance and pitting corrosion resistance of a blank can be solved, and the tooth part strength of the gear is improved.
And 3, adopting a gear grinding process to finish the gear part of the gear obtained in the step 2.
And (3) machining the tooth part obtained in the step (2) by adopting a gear grinding machining method according to the design precision and roughness requirements of the gear, and obtaining the requirement that the precision grade of the tooth part of the gear reaches 5-6 grades in GB/T10095 after machining.
The gear part of the gear is finished before heat treatment, so that the abrasion of a cutter can be reduced, the precision of the gear part is improved, the risk that the hardness of the tooth surface and the depth of a hardening layer are reduced due to grinding after heat treatment can be reduced, and the strength of the gear part is improved.
And 4, performing heat treatment on the gear obtained in the step 3 by adopting a QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment process, and forming a composite reinforcing layer on the surface of the gear, wherein the concrete method comprises the following steps of:
s4.1, preheating the gear obtained in the step 3 in an air furnace, wherein the preheating method is that the gear is preheated for 15min at 480 ℃.
S4.2, placing the preheated gear into a nitriding salt bath furnace at 600-620 ℃ for treatment for 3-4 hours, and sequentially forming a diffusion layer and a compound layer on the surface of the gear.
S4.3, placing the gear obtained in the S4.2 into a salt oxidizing bath furnace at 350-370 ℃ for 30min, and forming an oxide layer on the compound layer of the gear.
The oxidation layer, the compound layer and the diffusion layer form a three-layer composite strengthening layer, the composite strengthening layer greatly improves the wear resistance, the gluing resistance and the pitting resistance of the gear after finish machining, the treatment temperature of the QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment process is low, and the tooth surface tooth profile inclination deviation and the tooth direction inclination deviation variation before and after heat treatment are smaller than 2 mu m.
QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment process, wherein QPQ is the acronym of "Quench", "Polish", "Quench", wherein "salt bath composite" refers to the treatment of a workpiece in both a nitriding salt bath and an oxidizing salt bath.
And 5, shot blasting the gear obtained in the step 4.
The shot peening treatment is preferably a double shot peening composite process, and the process method comprises the following steps:
s5.1, cutting into pellets by adopting a steel wire with the diameter of 0.6mm to obtain steel pellets;
s5.2, performing first shot blasting on the gear by adopting steel shots under the shot blasting pressure of 0.4Mpa, and improving the residual compressive stress of the gear subsurface;
s5.3, performing second shot blasting on the gear obtained in the S5.2 under the pressure of 0.2Mpa by adopting ceramic pellets with the particle size of 0.2mm, and improving the residual compressive stress of the surface layer of the gear.
The gear surface is subjected to shot blasting treatment twice, so that the surface layer and the subsurface layer of the gear can obtain larger residual compressive stress at the same time, and the residual compressive stress of the gear surface within the depth of 0.2mm is larger than-1300 Mpa, so that the pitting resistance of the gear is further improved.
And 6, adopting a tooth surface finishing process to carry out finishing treatment on the tooth surface of the gear obtained in the step 5, and finishing the processing of the gear.
The tooth surface finishing process is preferably a barreling finishing process, an abrasive material is an inclined triangle module with the size of 3mmX3mm, the pH value of grinding fluid is 8.5, the processing time is 30min, and the roughness of the tooth surface after processing can be ensured to be between Ra0.15 and Ra0.25. The oil film on the surface of the gear can be fully established within the roughness range, and the relative sliding rate of the gear can be reduced, namely, the anti-pitting and anti-gluing effects of the gear are all best.
Aiming at the problems of low tooth strength, large tooth surface roughness and large carburizing and quenching heat treatment deformation of a gear in a new energy automobile transmission system, the processing method for improving the fatigue strength and the gluing bearing capacity of the gear can effectively improve the fatigue strength, the reliability and the gluing resistance of the gear, and meet the use requirements of the gear in high-speed and heavy-load environments, the residual compressive stress of the gear within the depth of 0.2mm of the tooth surface of the gear is greater than-1300 Mpa, the tooth surface roughness Ra is between 0.15 and 0.25, and the tooth surface inclination deviation and the tooth direction inclination deviation variation of the tooth surface before and after heat treatment are less than 2 mu m.
Example 1
A processing method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of gears comprises the following steps:
step 1, selecting an SAE8620 round bar as a gear blank;
and 2, performing cold forging finishing treatment after cold extrusion molding on the blank to finish the involute rough machining of the tooth part of the gear, wherein the precision grade of the tooth part reaches the 9-grade requirement in GB/T10095 after the cold forging finishing treatment.
And 3, mounting the gear obtained in the step 2 on gear grinding equipment, carrying out finish machining on the tooth part of the gear, wherein the precision grade of the tooth part after gear grinding reaches the grade 5 requirement in GB/T10095, and meets the tooth shape and tooth direction micro-modification requirement of the gear.
Step 4, carrying out QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment process on the gear subjected to finish machining in the step 3, and firstly placing the gear subjected to finish machining in an air furnace at 480 ℃ for 15min for preheating; then the gear is put into a nitriding salt bath furnace at 620 ℃ for treatment for 4 hours; finally, the gear is put into a salt oxidizing bath furnace at 350 ℃ for 30min, and the deformation of the gear is controlled within 2 mu m.
And 5, performing shot blasting on the gear obtained in the step 4, wherein the shot blasting method comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing steel shots by adopting steel wires with the size of 0.6mm, and performing first shot blasting on the gear under the shot blasting pressure of 0.4 Mpa;
then, the gear is shot-blasted for the second time under the shot-blasting pressure of 0.2Mpa by adopting ceramic pellets with the grain diameter of 0.2mm, and the gear processing is completed.
The residual stress of the tooth surface of the gear within the depth range of 0.2mm is greater than-1389 MPa, FIG. 1 shows the microscopic appearance of the tooth surface processed by the embodiment, the trace of pits of the tooth surface processing tool grain and shot blasting is seen to disappear, the tooth surface tends to be the same in all directions, FIG. 2 shows the actual line profile of the tooth surface of the gear measured by using a profiler, the initial observation appearance is uniform, wherein the abscissa is the measured length of the gear surface, and the ordinate is the profile height of the gear surface; FIG. 3 is a representation of the surface quality values of the measurement results of FIG. 2, wherein the two-dimensional roughness Ra value is 0.189 μm, and the three-dimensional surface morphology maximum peak-to-valley value PV and root mean square value RMS are 1.451 μm and 0.264 μm, respectively, so that the gear has good surface quality, facilitates establishment of a lubricating oil film, and can reduce wear and adhesion between gear pairs.
Example 2
A processing method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of gears comprises the following steps:
step 1, adopting a 20CrMnTi round bar stock as a gear blank;
and 2, performing cold forging finishing treatment after cold extrusion molding on the blank to finish the involute rough machining of the tooth part of the gear, wherein the precision grade of the tooth part reaches the 9-grade requirement in GB/T10095 after the cold forging finishing treatment.
And 3, mounting the gear obtained in the step 2 on gear grinding equipment, carrying out finish machining on the tooth part of the gear, wherein the precision grade of the tooth part after gear grinding reaches the grade 5 requirement in GB/T10095, and meets the tooth shape and tooth direction micro-modification requirement of the gear.
Step 4, carrying out QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment process on the gear subjected to finish machining in the step 3, and firstly placing the gear subjected to finish machining in an air furnace at 480 ℃ for 15min for preheating; then the gear is put into a nitriding salt bath furnace at 600 ℃ for 3 hours; finally, the gear is placed into a salt oxidizing bath furnace at 360 ℃ for 30min, and the deformation of the gear is controlled within 2 mu m.
And 5, performing shot blasting on the gear obtained in the step 4, wherein the shot blasting method comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing steel shots by adopting steel wires with the size of 0.6mm, and performing first shot blasting on the gear under the shot blasting pressure of 0.4 Mpa;
then, the gear is shot-blasted for the second time under the shot-blasting pressure of 0.2Mpa by adopting ceramic pellets with the grain diameter of 0.2mm, and the gear processing is completed.
Example 3
A processing method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of gears comprises the following steps:
step 1, adopting a 20MnCr5 round bar stock as a gear blank;
and 2, performing cold forging finishing treatment after cold extrusion molding on the blank to finish the involute rough machining of the tooth part of the gear, wherein the precision grade of the tooth part reaches the 9-grade requirement in GB/T10095 after the cold forging finishing treatment.
And 3, mounting the gear obtained in the step 2 on gear grinding equipment, carrying out finish machining on the tooth part of the gear, wherein the precision grade of the tooth part after gear grinding reaches the grade 5 requirement in GB/T10095, and meets the tooth shape and tooth direction micro-modification requirement of the gear.
Step 4, carrying out QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment process on the gear subjected to finish machining in the step 3, and firstly placing the gear subjected to finish machining in an air furnace at 480 ℃ for 15min for preheating; then the gear is put into a nitriding salt bath furnace at 610 ℃ for 3.6 hours; finally, the gear is put into a salt oxidizing bath furnace at 370 ℃ for 30min, and the deformation of the gear is controlled within 2 mu m.
And 5, performing shot blasting on the gear obtained in the step 4, wherein the shot blasting method comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing steel shots by adopting steel wires with the size of 0.6mm, and performing first shot blasting on the gear under the shot blasting pressure of 0.4 Mpa;
then, the gear is shot-blasted for the second time under the shot-blasting pressure of 0.2Mpa by adopting ceramic pellets with the grain diameter of 0.2mm, and the gear processing is completed.
According to the processing method for improving the fatigue strength and the gluing bearing capacity of the gear, provided by the invention, the bar stock is used as a blank of the gear, so that the bearing performance is met, and meanwhile, the cost of raw materials is reduced; the gear is roughly machined by adopting near-net forming process processing, so that the continuity of internal tissue streamline of the gear and no cutting mark on the surface are ensured, and the strength of the gear is improved; then, the gear after rough machining is finished by adopting a gear grinding process, so that the precision grade of tooth shape and tooth direction is ensured, and the transmission stability of the gear is improved; the QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment process improves the surface hardness and wear resistance of the gear, reduces the heat treatment deformation of parts, improves the impact resistance and fatigue strength of the gear, and reduces the risk of tooth breakage; the gear is treated by adopting a shot blasting process, so that the residual compressive stress of the tooth surface is improved, and the gear is ensured to have certain pitting resistance; and finally, the roughness of the surface of the gear is improved by adopting a finishing process, so that the gluing resistance and the abrasion resistance of the gear are improved.
The above is only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A processing method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of gears is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, roughly machining a tooth part of a gear blank by adopting a near-net forming process;
the method of the near net shape forming process is as follows:
cold extrusion molding is carried out on the gear blank; carrying out cold forging finishing treatment on the gear subjected to cold extrusion molding to finish rough machining of the gear;
the gear blank is made of 20CrMnTi, SAE8620, 20Cr2Ni4A, 18CrNiMo7-6 or 20MnCr5;
s2, adopting a gear grinding process to finish the gear part of the gear after rough machining;
s3, performing heat treatment on the gear subjected to finish machining by adopting a QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment process, and forming a composite reinforcing layer on the surface of the gear;
s4, carrying out residual compressive stress lifting treatment on the surface of the gear subjected to heat treatment by adopting a shot blasting process;
s5, carrying out roughness treatment on the gear surface subjected to residual compressive stress lifting treatment to enable the roughness to reach preset requirements, and finishing gear machining;
the roughness treatment method comprises the following steps:
and (3) adopting a barreling finishing process to treat the roughness of the gear surface.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the gear blank is bar stock and is made of low carbon alloy steel.
3. The processing method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of a gear according to claim 1, wherein the grinding processing is performed on the tooth surface of the gear by using a gear grinding device in S2.
4. The processing method for improving fatigue strength and gluing bearing capacity of gears according to claim 1, wherein the method of the QPQ salt bath composite heat treatment process in S3 is as follows:
preheating the gear after finish machining;
carrying out nitriding salt bath treatment on the preheated gear, and sequentially forming a diffusion layer and a compound layer on the surface of the gear;
the gear subjected to the nitriding salt bath treatment is subjected to the oxidizing salt bath treatment, and an oxide layer is formed on the compound layer of the gear.
5. The method for improving fatigue strength and adhesive bearing capacity of gears according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of the nitriding salt bath treatment is 600-620 ℃ for 3-4h.
6. The method for improving fatigue strength and adhesive bearing capacity of gears according to claim 4, wherein the temperature of the oxidizing salt bath treatment is 350-370 ℃ for 30min.
7. A method of processing to improve gear fatigue strength and bond load carrying capacity according to claim 1, wherein the method of shot peening process is as follows:
shot blasting is carried out on the surface of the gear subjected to heat treatment for multiple times by adopting pellets with different particle diameters and different hardness;
in the process of the multiple shot blasting, the particle size of the shot is gradually reduced, and the hardness is gradually increased.
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