CN116566494B - Signal transmission system - Google Patents
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- CN116566494B CN116566494B CN202310834006.8A CN202310834006A CN116566494B CN 116566494 B CN116566494 B CN 116566494B CN 202310834006 A CN202310834006 A CN 202310834006A CN 116566494 B CN116566494 B CN 116566494B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/40—Transceivers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
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Abstract
The application discloses a signal transmission system. The signal transmission system comprises a voltage-to-current conversion module, an electro-optic conversion module, a photoelectric conversion module and a control module. The voltage-to-current conversion module is connected with the input voltage and is used for outputting a first current based on the input voltage. The electro-optical conversion module is connected with the voltage-to-current conversion module and is used for outputting an optical signal corresponding to the first current. Wherein the optical signal is transmitted through an analog optical fiber. The photoelectric conversion module is used for receiving the optical signal from the analog optical fiber and outputting a first voltage corresponding to the optical signal. The control module is respectively connected with the electro-optical conversion module and the photoelectric conversion module and is used for determining a current first electro-optical conversion coefficient based on the first current and the first voltage. By the method, the electro-optical conversion coefficient of the electro-optical conversion module can be determined in real time, so that when the electro-optical conversion coefficient is changed due to temperature drift, the change of the electro-optical conversion coefficient can be compensated, and the transmission precision is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of signal transmission, in particular to a signal transmission system.
Background
Currently, fiber optic signal transmission systems are typically constructed of three parts. These three parts include a transmitter that converts an electrical signal into an optical signal, an analog fiber that connects the transmitter and the receiver to transmit the optical signal, and a receiver that converts the optical signal into an electrical signal. The analog optical fiber is used for transmitting signals, and has the advantages of strong anti-interference performance and capability of bearing very high voltage.
Among these, there is an electro-optical conversion module, such as a laser diode, in the transmitter that will convert an electrical signal into an optical signal. In the process of realizing the optical fiber transmission analog signal, the existence of temperature drift of the electro-optical conversion coefficient of the electro-optical conversion module can lead to poor transmission precision.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a signal transmission system which can determine the electro-optical conversion coefficient of an electro-optical conversion module in real time so as to compensate the change of the electro-optical conversion coefficient when the electro-optical conversion coefficient is changed due to temperature drift, thereby improving transmission precision.
To achieve the above object, in a first aspect, the present application provides a signal transmission system, comprising:
the voltage-to-current conversion module is connected with the input voltage and is used for outputting a first current based on the input voltage;
The photoelectric conversion module is connected with the voltage-to-current conversion module and is used for outputting an optical signal corresponding to the first current, wherein the optical signal is transmitted through an analog optical fiber;
the photoelectric conversion module is used for receiving the optical signal from the analog optical fiber and outputting a first voltage corresponding to the optical signal;
the control module is respectively connected with the electro-optical conversion module and the photoelectric conversion module and is used for determining a current first electro-optical conversion coefficient based on the first current and the first voltage.
In an alternative, the control module is further configured to:
acquiring a threshold current of the electro-optical conversion module, wherein when the current flowing through the electro-optical conversion module is smaller than the threshold current, the electro-optical conversion module stops working;
determining a first electro-optic conversion coefficient as: k=v2/(ILD 1-Ith), where V2 is the first voltage, ILD1 is the first current, and Ith is the threshold current.
In an alternative mode, the control module comprises a first control unit and a second control unit, and the signal transmission system further comprises a digital optical fiber transmitter and a digital optical fiber receiver;
the first control unit is connected to the second control unit through the digital optical fiber transmitter, the digital optical fiber and the digital optical fiber receiver in sequence;
The first control unit is used for acquiring a first current and transmitting the first current to the second control unit through the digital optical fiber transmitter, the digital optical fiber and the digital optical fiber receiver;
the second control unit is used for acquiring the first current and the first voltage and determining a first electro-optical conversion coefficient based on the first current and the first voltage.
In an alternative, the control module is further configured to:
acquiring a first direct current component of a first current and acquiring a second direct current component of a first voltage;
a first electro-optic conversion coefficient is determined based on the first DC component and the second DC component.
In an alternative mode, the voltage-to-current conversion module comprises a first amplifier, a switching tube and a resistor;
the first input end of the first amplifier is connected with the input voltage, the second input end of the first amplifier is respectively connected with the second end of the switch tube, the first end of the resistor and the control module, the output end of the first amplifier is connected with the first end of the switch tube, the third end of the switch tube is connected with the first end of the electro-optical conversion module, the second end of the electro-optical conversion module is connected with the positive voltage source, and the second end of the resistor is respectively connected with the negative voltage source and the control module;
the first amplifier is used for amplifying the input voltage and inputting the amplified input voltage to the switching tube so as to conduct the switching tube and generate a first current, wherein the first current flows through the resistor and the electro-optical conversion module;
The control module is also used for obtaining a second voltage of the first end of the resistor and a third voltage of the second end of the resistor, and determining the first current based on a difference value between the second voltage and the third voltage.
In an alternative, the signal transmission system further comprises a first low pass filter;
the first low-pass filter is connected between the second input end of the first amplifier and the control module and is used for carrying out low-pass filtering on the second voltage;
the control module is further configured to determine a first current based on a difference between the low-pass filtered second voltage and the third voltage.
In an alternative manner, the control module is further configured to determine the first direct current component based on an average value of the first current over a first preset time period.
In an alternative, the cut-off frequency of the first low pass filter is in the range of [1hz,100hz ], and the first predetermined time period is in the range of [0.01s,1s ].
In an alternative form, the electro-optic conversion module comprises a laser diode;
the first end of the laser diode is connected with a positive power supply, and the second end of the laser diode is connected with the voltage-to-current conversion module.
In an alternative manner, the photoelectric conversion module includes a photodiode and a second amplifier;
The photodiode is used for receiving the optical signal from the analog optical fiber and converting the optical signal into a fourth voltage;
the second amplifier is connected with the photodiode, and is used for amplifying the fourth voltage and outputting the first voltage.
In an alternative, the control module is further configured to:
determining a reference electro-optic conversion coefficient;
if the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient is equal to the first electro-optic conversion coefficient, keeping the amplification factor of the second amplifier unchanged;
if the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient is larger than the first electro-optic conversion coefficient, increasing the amplification factor of the second amplifier;
and if the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient is smaller than the first electro-optic conversion coefficient, reducing the amplification factor of the second amplifier.
In an alternative mode, the signal transmission system further comprises a switch, and the switch is respectively connected with the voltage-to-current conversion module, the input voltage and the control module;
the control module is also used for:
the control switch is used for disconnecting the input voltage from the voltage-to-current conversion module and establishing the connection between the control module and the voltage-to-current conversion module;
outputting a first test voltage to the voltage-current conversion module so that the electro-optical conversion module outputs a first test current and the photoelectric conversion module outputs a second test voltage;
Outputting a third test voltage to the voltage-current conversion module so that the electro-optical conversion module outputs a second test current and the photoelectric conversion module outputs a fourth test voltage;
the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient is determined based on the first test voltage, the second test voltage, the third test voltage, the fourth test voltage, the first test current, and the second test current.
In an alternative, the signal transmission system further comprises a second low pass filter;
the second low-pass filter is connected between the photoelectric conversion module and the control module and is used for carrying out low-pass filtering on the first voltage;
the control module is used for determining a second direct current component based on an average value of the first voltage after low-pass filtering in a second preset duration.
In an optional manner, the signal transmission system further comprises a subtracter, and the subtracter is respectively connected with the photoelectric conversion module and the control module;
the control module is further configured to obtain a static working current of the electro-optical conversion module, and output a fifth voltage corresponding to the static working current to the subtractor, where when the input voltage is 0, the current flowing through the electro-optical conversion module is the static working current;
the subtracter is used for generating an output voltage based on a difference value between the first voltage and the fifth voltage.
The beneficial effects of the application are as follows: the signal transmission system provided by the application comprises a voltage-to-current conversion module, an electro-optic conversion module, a photoelectric conversion module and a control module. The voltage-to-current conversion module is connected with the input voltage and is used for outputting a first current based on the input voltage. The electro-optical conversion module is connected with the voltage-to-current conversion module and is used for outputting an optical signal corresponding to the first current. Wherein the optical signal is transmitted through an analog optical fiber. The photoelectric conversion module is used for receiving the optical signal from the analog optical fiber and outputting a first voltage corresponding to the optical signal. The control module is respectively connected with the electro-optical conversion module and the photoelectric conversion module and is used for determining a current first electro-optical conversion coefficient based on the first current and the first voltage. By the mode, the electro-optical conversion coefficient of the electro-optical conversion module can be determined in real time. Then, when the electro-optical conversion coefficient is changed due to temperature drift, the change of the electro-optical conversion coefficient can be compensated, thereby being beneficial to improving transmission precision.
Drawings
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example and not limitation in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like references indicate similar elements, and in which the figures of the drawings are not to be taken in a limiting sense, unless otherwise indicated.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal transmission system according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating steps performed by a control module according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first current and a first voltage according to a first embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal transmission system according to a second embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating steps performed by a control module according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a signal transmission system according to a first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating steps performed by a control module according to a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 8 is a schematic circuit diagram of a signal transmission system according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic circuit diagram of a signal transmission system according to a third embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic circuit diagram of a signal transmission system according to a fourth embodiment of the present application;
fig. 11 is a schematic circuit diagram of a signal transmission system according to a fifth embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating steps performed by a control module according to a fourth embodiment of the present application;
fig. 13 is a schematic circuit diagram of a signal transmission system according to a sixth embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a signal transmission system 100 according to an embodiment of the application. As shown in fig. 1, the signal transmission system 100 includes a voltage-to-current conversion module 10, an electro-optical conversion module 20, a photoelectric conversion module 30, and a control module 40.
The voltage-to-current conversion module 10 is connected to the input voltage VIN. The electro-optical conversion module 20 is connected to the voltage-to-current conversion module 10. The control module 40 is connected to the photoelectric conversion module 20 and the photoelectric conversion module 30, respectively. Specifically, the first end of the voltage-to-current conversion module 10 is connected to the input voltage VIN, the second end of the voltage-to-current conversion module 10 is connected to the electro-optic conversion module 20, and the second end of the electro-optic conversion module 20 and the first end of the photoelectric conversion module 30 are both connected to the control module 40.
In this embodiment, the voltage-to-current conversion module 10 outputs a first current based on the input voltage VIN. The first current is input to the electro-optical conversion module 20. In turn, the electro-optical conversion module 20 outputs an optical signal corresponding to the first current. Wherein the optical signal corresponds to the first current means that the optical signal has a proportional relation, e.g. a direct proportional relation, with the first current. Wherein the optical signal is transmitted through an analog optical fiber 200. The photoelectric conversion module 30 is configured to receive an optical signal from the analog optical fiber 200 and output a first voltage corresponding to the optical signal. Wherein the optical signal corresponds to the first voltage means that the optical signal has a proportional relation, e.g. a direct proportional relation, with the first voltage.
The control module 40 is configured to determine a present first electro-optic conversion coefficient based on the first current and the first voltage. Wherein the current first electro-optic conversion coefficient is the electro-optic conversion coefficient of the current electro-optic conversion module 20. In this embodiment, since the optical signal has a proportional relationship with the first current and the first voltage, respectively, there is also a proportional relationship between the first current and the first voltage. Meanwhile, the proportional relationship between the optical signal and the first current is related to the electro-optical conversion coefficient of the electro-optical conversion module 20, so that the first current, the first voltage and the electro-optical conversion coefficient of the electro-optical conversion module 20 also have a corresponding relationship. Then, after the first current and the first voltage are obtained, the control module 40 can calculate the current first electro-optical conversion coefficient based on the correspondence between the first current, the first voltage and the electro-optical conversion coefficient of the electro-optical conversion module 20. When the electro-optical conversion coefficient is determined to be changed due to temperature drift, corresponding compensation operation can be performed for the change of the electro-optical conversion coefficient, so that the purpose of improving transmission precision can be achieved.
In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 2, the control module 40 is further configured to perform the following steps:
step 201: and acquiring the threshold current of the electro-optical conversion module.
Wherein, when the current flowing through the electro-optical conversion module 20 is smaller than the threshold current, the electro-optical conversion module 20 stops working. In other words, the threshold current is the minimum operation current of the electro-optical conversion module 20, and the electro-optical conversion module 20 outputs the optical signal only when the current flowing through the electro-optical conversion module 20 is greater than or equal to the threshold current.
Step 202: determining a first electro-optic conversion coefficient as: k=v2/(ILD 1-Ith).
Where V2 is the first voltage, ILD1 is the first current, and Ith is the threshold current. The threshold current Ith is related to the characteristics of the electro-optical conversion module 20.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3 together, one way of the first current and the first voltage is illustrated in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3, the abscissa is the first current ILD1, and the ordinate is the first voltage V2.
The electro-optical conversion module 20 does not output an optical signal until the first current ILD1 increases to be equal to the threshold current Ith, in which case the first voltage V2 remains at 0. After the first current ILD1 increases to be greater than the threshold current Ith, the first voltage V2 increases as the first current ILD1 increases. And, the first current ILD1 and the first voltage V2 show a proportional relationship. For example, if the waveform of the first current ILD1 is shown by the curve L1, the waveform of the first voltage V2 is shown by the curve L2, and it can be seen that the waveform of the first current ILD1 and the waveform of the first voltage V2 have a direct proportional relationship, and the ratio is the electro-optical conversion coefficient of the electro-optical conversion module 20. Therefore, after determining the first current ILD1 and the first voltage V2, the electro-optical conversion coefficient of the electro-optical conversion module 20 can be calculated based on the formula in step 202.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the control module 40 includes a first control unit 41 and a second control unit 42. The signal transmission system 100 further includes a digital fiber optic transmitter 50 and a digital fiber optic receiver 60.
Wherein the first control unit 41 is connected to the second control unit 42 through the digital optical fiber transmitter 50, the digital optical fiber 300 and the digital optical fiber receiver 60 in sequence.
Specifically, the first control unit 41 is configured to obtain a first current, and transmit the first current to the second control unit 42 through the digital optical fiber transmitter 50, the digital optical fiber 300, and the digital optical fiber receiver 60. The second control unit 42 is configured to obtain a first current and a first voltage, and determine a first electro-optical conversion coefficient based on the first current and the first voltage.
The digital optical fiber transmitter 50 is a device for converting a digital electric signal into an optical signal. It typically comprises a light source such as a laser diode or LED that is controlled by a modulation circuit and transmitted to a receiving end using a digital optical fiber 300. The digital fiber optic receiver 60 is a device for converting optical signals into digital electrical signals. It typically includes an optical-to-electrical converter that converts an optical signal into an electrical signal, amplifies and filters it, and then converts it into a digital signal using an analog-to-digital converter.
In some embodiments, the first control unit 41 and the second control unit 42 may be general purpose processors, digital Signal Processors (DSPs), application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), single-chip computers, ARM (Acorn RISC Machine) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combinations of these components. Also, the first control unit 41 and the second control unit 42 may be any conventional processor, controller, microcontroller, or state machine. The first control unit 41 and the second control unit 42 may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, e.g., a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors in combination with a DSP and/or any other such configuration.
It should be noted that, when the control module 40 includes the first control unit 41 and the second control unit 42, the first control unit 41 and the second control unit 42 may execute some of the method steps executed by the control module 40 according to the requirement. This embodiment is merely illustrative of one way, and in other embodiments, other ways may be employed, and the comparison of the embodiments of the present application is not particularly limited. For example, in another embodiment, the first control unit 42 obtains a first voltage and transmits the first voltage to the second control unit 42 through the digital fiber transmitter 50, the digital fiber 300, and the digital fiber receiver 60. In addition, in other embodiments, the control module 40 may further include more control units, which are not described herein in detail, as those skilled in the art will readily understand.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, the control module 40 is further configured to perform the following method steps:
step 501: a first dc component of the first current is obtained and a second dc component of the first voltage is obtained.
Step 502: a first electro-optic conversion coefficient is determined based on the first DC component and the second DC component.
In practical applications, since there may be various signals in the first current and the first voltage, for example, there is both an ac and a dc in the first current. Therefore, if the first current and the first voltage are directly adopted to the formula in step 202, the accuracy of the obtained first electro-optic conversion coefficient may be reduced due to the interference existing in the first current and the first voltage.
Based on this, in this embodiment, the dc component of the first current (i.e., the first dc component) and the dc component of the first voltage (i.e., the second dc component) are obtained first. Then, the first dc component and the second dc component are substituted into the formula in step 202, so as to obtain the first electro-optic conversion coefficient with higher precision. At this time, V2 in the formula of step 202 is the second dc component, and ILD1 is the first dc component. The process of how to acquire the first dc component and the second dc component will be described later.
Referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of a signal transmission system according to an embodiment of the application. In the following embodiments of the present application, the control module 40 includes the first control unit 41 and the second control unit 42.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, the voltage-to-current conversion module 10 includes a first amplifier U1, a switching tube Q1 and a resistor R1.
The first input end of the first amplifier U1 is connected to the input voltage VIN, the second input end of the first amplifier U1 is connected to the second end of the switching tube Q1, the first end of the resistor R1 and the first control unit 41 in the control module 40, the output end of the first amplifier U1 is connected to the first end of the switching tube Q1, the third end of the switching tube Q1 is connected to the first end of the electro-optical conversion module 20, the second end of the electro-optical conversion module 20 is connected to the positive voltage source v+ and the second end of the resistor R1 is connected to the negative voltage source V-and the first control unit 41 in the control module 40. In this embodiment, the first input terminal of the first amplifier U1 is taken as a non-inverting input terminal, and the second input terminal is taken as an inverting input terminal.
Specifically, the first amplifier U1 is configured to amplify the input voltage VIN and input the amplified input voltage VIN to the switching tube Q1, so that the switching tube Q1 is turned on and generate a first current. Wherein the first current flows through the resistor R1 and the electro-optical conversion module 20. The first control unit 41 in the control module 40 is further configured to obtain a second voltage at the first end of the resistor R1 and a third voltage at the second end of the resistor R1, and determine the first current based on a difference between the second voltage and the third voltage. The difference between the second voltage and the third voltage is the voltage difference between the two ends of the resistor R1. The ratio of the difference to the resistance of the resistor R1 is the current flowing through the resistor R1, and the current is the first current.
In this embodiment, the switching transistor Q1 is taken as an NPN transistor. The base electrode of the NPN triode is the first end of the switching tube Q1, the emitter electrode of the NPN triode is the second end of the switching tube Q1, and the collector electrode of the NPN triode is the third end of the switching tube Q1.
The switching transistor Q1 may be any controllable switch, such as an Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) device, an Integrated Gate Commutated Thyristor (IGCT) device, a gate turn-off thyristor (GTO) device, a Silicon Controlled Rectifier (SCR) device, a junction gate field effect transistor (JFET) device, a MOS Controlled Thyristor (MCT) device, or the like.
Further, in this embodiment, the voltages at the two input terminals of the first amplifier U1 are eventually equal based on the characteristics of the virtual short and the virtual break of the first amplifier U1. Therefore, the input voltage VIN is equal to the voltage at the first terminal of the resistor R1. And the voltage at the second terminal of the resistor R1 is the voltage supplied by the negative power supply V-. The first current ILD1 = (VIN-V-)/R1, where R1 is the resistance of the resistor R1.
When the input voltage VIN is 0, the first current ild1= -V-/r1. The first current ILD1 at this time Is denoted as the static operation current Is of the electro-optical conversion module 20. Referring to fig. 3, the quiescent operating current Is illustrated in fig. 3. By providing the static operation current Is for the electro-optical conversion module 20, when the input voltage VIN Is input to the signal transmission system, the operation current of the electro-optical conversion module 20 can fluctuate in a linear section around the static operation current Is, so that the first voltage V2 also varies linearly. In this way, the first voltage V2 does not generate signal distortion.
In one embodiment, the electro-optic conversion module 20 includes a laser diode LD1.
Wherein, the first end of the laser diode LD1 is connected with the positive power supply V+, and the second end of the laser diode LD1 is connected with the voltage-to-current conversion module 10.
Specifically, the laser diode LD1 is a semiconductor laser, also called LD (Laser Diode). It uses semiconductor materials to generate and amplify a laser beam. The laser diode LD1 operates on the principle that stimulated radiation is generated and amplified into laser light (i.e., an output optical signal) by injecting a current into a semiconductor material.
In one embodiment, the photoelectric conversion module 30 includes a photodiode PD1 and a second amplifier U2. Wherein a first terminal of the photodiode PD1 is connected to the positive power supply v+, and an input terminal of the second amplifier U2 is connected to a second terminal of the photodiode PD 1.
Specifically, the photodiode PD1 is configured to receive an optical signal from an analog optical fiber and convert the optical signal into a fourth voltage. The second amplifier U2 amplifies the fourth voltage and outputs the first voltage.
In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7, the control module 40 is further configured to perform the following method steps:
step 701: a reference electro-optic conversion coefficient is determined.
Step 702: and adjusting the amplification factor of the second amplifier based on the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient and the first electro-optic conversion coefficient.
The reference electro-optical conversion coefficient is a preset electro-optical conversion coefficient of the laser diode LD 1. The amplification factor of the second amplifier is adjusted based on the magnitude relation between the reference electro-optical conversion coefficient and the first electro-optical conversion coefficient, so that the change of the electro-optical conversion coefficient of the laser diode LD1 can be compensated when the change is caused by the temperature drift, and the transmission precision is improved.
Specifically, in some embodiments, the specific process of adjusting the amplification factor of the second amplifier in step 702 based on the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient and the first electro-optic conversion coefficient may include the following steps: if the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient is equal to the first electro-optic conversion coefficient, keeping the amplification factor of the second amplifier unchanged; if the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient is larger than the first electro-optic conversion coefficient and equal, increasing the amplification factor of the second amplifier; if the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient is smaller than the first electro-optic conversion coefficient and equal, the amplification factor of the second amplifier is reduced.
When the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient is equal to the first electro-optic conversion coefficient, it is indicated that the electro-optic conversion coefficient of the laser diode LD1 does not drift in temperature, and the amplification factor (i.e., gain) of the second amplifier U2 does not need to be adjusted.
When the reference electro-optical conversion coefficient is larger than the first electro-optical conversion coefficient, it is indicated that the electro-optical conversion coefficient of the laser diode LD1 becomes smaller due to temperature drift, and at this time, the amplification factor of the second amplifier needs to be increased. Then, the first voltage V2 increases, and it can be determined from the formula in step 202 that the actual electro-optical conversion coefficient of the laser diode LD1 also increases. Until the reference electro-optical conversion coefficient is equal to the actual electro-optical conversion coefficient of the laser diode LD1, the increase of the amplification factor of the second amplifier is stopped.
When the reference electro-optical conversion coefficient is smaller than the first electro-optical conversion coefficient, it is indicated that the electro-optical conversion coefficient of the laser diode LD1 is increased due to temperature drift, and at this time, the amplification factor of the second amplifier needs to be reduced. Then, the first voltage V2 decreases, and it can be determined that the actual electro-optical conversion coefficient of the laser diode LD1 also decreases according to the formula in step 202. Until the reference electro-optical conversion coefficient is equal to the actual electro-optical conversion coefficient of the laser diode LD1, the reduction of the amplification factor of the second amplifier is stopped.
The principle of the circuit configuration shown in fig. 6 will be described below with reference to fig. 6 and 7.
When the input voltage VIN is input to the signal transmission system 100, the signal output by the amplifier U1 turns on the switching tube Q1 and generates the first current ILD1. The first current ILD1 flows through the laser diode LD1 and the resistor R1. The laser diode LD1 outputs an optical signal. And at this time, the first control unit 41 acquires the voltage across the resistor R1 (i.e., the difference between the second voltage and the third voltage), and determines the first current ILD1 from the voltage across the resistor R1. And the first current ILD1 is generated to the second control unit 42 through the digital fiber transmitter 50, the digital fiber 300 and the digital fiber receiver 60. Of course, in another embodiment, the voltage across the resistor R1 may also be generated to the second control unit 42 through the digital fiber transmitter 50, the digital fiber 300 and the digital fiber receiver 60, and the second control unit 42 calculates the first current ILD1.
Meanwhile, the photodiode PD1 receives an optical signal from the analog optical fiber 200 and converts to a fourth voltage. The fourth voltage is amplified by the second amplifier U2 to be the first voltage V2. The second control unit 42 obtains the first voltage V2, and calculates the first electro-optical conversion coefficient K by combining the first current ILD1 and the formula k=v2/(ILD 1-Ith). The first electro-optical conversion coefficient K is compared with a reference electro-optical conversion coefficient (denoted as K0), and the amplification factor of the second amplifier U2 is adjusted according to the comparison result (the specific adjustment process may refer to the description of the above embodiment, and the description is omitted here). Therefore, the adjustment process of the electro-optic conversion coefficient of the laser diode LD1 is realized, and the transmission precision is improved in the optical fiber signal transmission process.
It should be noted that the hardware configuration of the signal transmission system 100 as shown in fig. 8 is only one example, and the signal transmission system 100 may have more or less components than those shown in the drawings, may combine two or more components, or may have different component configurations, and various components shown in the drawings may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software including one or more signal processing and/or application specific integrated circuits.
For example, as shown in fig. 8, the signal transmission system 100 further includes a first low pass filter 70.
The first low-pass filter 70 is connected between the second input terminal of the first amplifier U1 and the first control unit 41 in the control module 40.
Specifically, the first low-pass filter 70 is configured to low-pass filter the second voltage, and input the low-pass filtered second voltage to the control module 40. The control module 40 is further configured to determine the first current ILD1 based on a difference between the low-pass filtered second voltage and the third voltage.
In this embodiment, the second voltage can be made to be close to the direct current amount by low-pass filtering the second voltage, so that the first current ILD1 determined based on the difference between the low-pass filtered second voltage and the third voltage is also close to the direct current amount. In other words, the first current obtained in this embodiment approximates to the direct current component of the first current, that is, the first direct current component in the above-described embodiment. The first current obtained based on this embodiment can be calculated to obtain a more accurate first electro-optical conversion coefficient.
In another embodiment, after determining the first current ILD1 based on the difference between the low-pass filtered second voltage and the third voltage, the control module 40 further determines the first direct current component based on an average value of the first current ILD1 within a first preset time period.
The first preset duration is a preset duration, which may be set according to an actual application situation, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application.
Specifically, by further averaging the first current ILD1, the ac signal on the first current ILD1 is almost completely eliminated, and it can be considered that the dc component of the first current ILD1, that is, the first dc component, is obtained at this time.
In this embodiment, the first dc component is obtained by low-pass filtering and calculating an average value. In other embodiments, the first dc component may be obtained in other manners, which are not particularly limited by the embodiments of the present application.
In one embodiment, the cut-off frequency of the first low-pass filter 70 is in the range of [1hz,100hz ], and the first predetermined duration is in the range of [0.01s,1s ].
Specifically, by setting the cutoff frequency of the first low-pass filter 70 to be greater than 1HZ, implementation of a specific analog circuit of the first low-pass filter 70 is facilitated, and practicality can be improved. Since the temperature drift is a slow process, the first preset duration may be set to a longer interval to more thoroughly eliminate the ac signal in the first current ILD1, and only the first dc component useful for calculating the first electro-optic conversion coefficient is left, which may provide the accuracy of the first electro-optic conversion coefficient.
Likewise, in another embodiment, a low-pass filter may be provided for the first voltage V2 and the calculation of the average value may be performed to improve the accuracy of the calculation of the first electro-optical conversion coefficient.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 9, the signal transmission system 100 further includes a second low-pass filter 80.
The second low-pass filter 80 is connected between the photoelectric conversion module 30 and the second control unit 42 in the control module 40.
Specifically, the second low-pass filter 80 is used for low-pass filtering the first voltage V2. The control module 40 is configured to determine the second direct current component based on an average value of the low-pass filtered first voltage V2 within a second preset time period.
The second preset duration is a preset duration, which may be set according to an actual application situation, which is not particularly limited in the embodiment of the present application. The specific implementation of this embodiment is similar to the detailed description of the embodiment shown in fig. 8, which is within the scope of those skilled in the art to readily understand and will not be repeated here.
In one embodiment, the signal transmission system 100 further includes a subtractor U3. The subtractor U3 is connected to the photoelectric conversion module 30 and the control module 40, respectively. Specifically, a first input terminal of the subtractor U3 is connected to an output terminal of the second amplifier U2, a second input terminal of the subtractor U3 is connected to the second control unit 42, and an output terminal of the subtractor U3 is configured to output the output voltage VOUT. The first input end of the subtracter U3 is a non-inverting input end, and the second input end is an inverting input end.
In this embodiment, the control module 40 Is further configured to obtain the static operating current Is of the electro-optical conversion module 20, and output a fifth voltage corresponding to the static operating current Is to the subtractor. When the input voltage Is 0, the current flowing through the electro-optical conversion module 20 Is the static operation current Is. The static operating current Is already described in the above embodiments, and will not be described here again.
The subtractor U3 is configured to generate the output voltage VOUT based on a difference between the first voltage V2 and the fifth voltage. Since the first voltage V2 further includes a dc voltage signal (i.e., a fifth voltage) corresponding to the quiescent operating current Is of the laser diode LD 1. By setting the subtracter U3 to subtract the fifth voltage corresponding to the static working current Is, the output voltage VOUT proportional to the input voltage VIN can be obtained.
In an embodiment, since the signals output by the control module 40 are digital signals and the signals output by the devices such as the first amplifier U1 are analog signals, a corresponding analog-to-digital conversion module or digital-to-analog conversion module is required. The digital-to-analog conversion module is used for converting the digital signal into an analog signal; the analog-to-digital conversion module is used for converting the analog signal into a digital signal.
As shown in fig. 10, the signal transmission system 100 further includes a first analog-to-digital conversion module 90, a second analog-to-digital conversion module 90a, a third analog-to-digital conversion module 90b, a first digital-to-analog conversion module 90c, and a second digital-to-analog conversion module 90d.
Wherein the first analog-to-digital conversion module 90 is connected between the first low-pass filter 70 and the first control unit 41. The second analog-to-digital conversion module 90a is connected between the second end of the resistor R1 and the first control unit 41. The third analog-to-digital conversion module 90b is connected between the second low-pass filter 80 and the output terminal of the second amplifier U2. The first digital-to-analog conversion module 90c is connected between the gain adjusting end of the second amplifier U2 and the second control unit 42. The second digital-to-analog conversion module 90d is connected between the second control unit 42 and the second input terminal of the subtractor U3.
The embodiment of the application also provides a mode for determining the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient.
Specifically, in one embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, the signal transmission system 100 further includes a switch K1. The switch K1 is connected to the first input of the first amplifier U1 in the voltage-to-current conversion module 10, the input voltage VIN, and the first control unit 41 in the control module 40, respectively. The switch K1 is used for establishing connection between the input voltage VIN and the first input terminal of the first amplifier U1, and disconnecting the connection between the first input terminal of the first amplifier U1 and the first control unit 41; alternatively, the switch K1 is configured to disconnect the input voltage VIN from the first input terminal of the first amplifier U1 and establish a connection between the first input terminal of the first amplifier U1 and the first control unit 41; alternatively, the switch K1 is used to disconnect the input voltage VIN from the first input terminal of the first amplifier U1 and disconnect the first input terminal of the first amplifier U1 from the first control unit 41.
Referring to fig. 12, in this embodiment, the control module 40 is further configured to perform the following method steps:
step 1201: and the control switch is used for disconnecting the input voltage from the voltage-to-current conversion module and establishing the connection between the control module and the voltage-to-current conversion module.
Step 1202: outputting the first test voltage to the voltage-current conversion module so that the electro-optical conversion module outputs a first test current and the photoelectric conversion module outputs a second test voltage.
Step 1203: outputting the third test voltage to the voltage-current conversion module so that the electro-optical conversion module outputs the second test current and the photoelectric conversion module outputs the fourth test voltage.
Step 1204: the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient is determined based on the first test voltage, the second test voltage, the third test voltage, the fourth test voltage, the first test current, and the second test current.
Specifically, the switch K1 is first controlled to disconnect the input voltage VIN from the first input terminal of the first amplifier U1, and to establish a connection between the first input terminal of the first amplifier U1 and the first control unit 41. Next, the control module 40 outputs a first test voltage to the first input terminal of the first amplifier U1, and then generates a corresponding first test current (denoted as I10) at the laser diode LD1, and causes the second amplifier U2 to output a corresponding second test voltage (denoted as V10). Substituting the first test current I10 and the second test voltage V10 into the formula in step 202 can obtain: v10=k0 (ILD 10-Ith) (1), where K0 is the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient. Then, the control module 40 outputs the third test voltage to the first input terminal of the first amplifier U1, and generates a corresponding second test current (denoted as I11) at the laser diode LD1, and causes the second amplifier U2 to output a corresponding fourth test voltage (denoted as V11). Substituting the second test current I11 and the fourth test voltage V11 into the formula in step 202 can obtain: v11=k0 (ILD 11-Ith) (2). Combining equation (1) with equation (2) can result in: k0 = (V10-V11)/(ILD 10-ILD 11), the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient K0 is determined. Meanwhile, substituting the reference electro-optical conversion coefficient K0 into the formula (1) or the formula (2) can determine the threshold current Ith of the laser diode LD 1.
Likewise, in other embodiments, a digital-to-analog conversion module may be added between the first control unit 41 and the first input of the first amplifier U1.
As shown in fig. 13, the signal transmission system 100 further includes a third digital-to-analog conversion module 90e. The third digital-to-analog conversion module 90e is connected between the first control unit 41 and the switch K1.
Meanwhile, in this embodiment, the signal control system 100 further includes a key K2. The key K2 is connected to the second control unit 42. The key K2 is used to be able to output a signal to the second control unit 42 when it is pressed, so that the second control unit 42 determines that a process of determining the reference electro-optical conversion coefficient is required. Then, the second control unit 42 issues an instruction to determine the reference electro-optical conversion coefficient to the first control unit 41, and the first control unit 41 starts executing the method steps shown in fig. 12 to realize the determination process of the reference electro-optical conversion coefficient.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present application, and are not limiting; the technical features of the above embodiments or in the different embodiments may also be combined within the idea of the application, the steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the application as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the application.
Claims (10)
1. A signal transmission system, comprising:
the voltage-to-current conversion module is connected with the input voltage and is used for outputting a first current based on the input voltage;
the electro-optical conversion module is connected with the voltage-to-current conversion module and is used for outputting an optical signal corresponding to the first current, wherein the optical signal is transmitted through an analog optical fiber;
a photoelectric conversion module for receiving the optical signal from the analog optical fiber and outputting a first voltage corresponding to the optical signal;
the control module is respectively connected with the electro-optical conversion module and the photoelectric conversion module;
the voltage-to-current conversion module comprises a first amplifier, a switching tube and a resistor;
the first input end of the first amplifier is connected with the input voltage, the second input end of the first amplifier is respectively connected with the second end of the switch tube, the first end of the resistor and the control module, the output end of the first amplifier is connected with the first end of the switch tube, the third end of the switch tube is connected with the first end of the electro-optical conversion module, the second end of the electro-optical conversion module is connected with the positive voltage source, and the second end of the resistor is respectively connected with the negative voltage source and the control module;
The first amplifier is used for amplifying the input voltage and inputting the amplified input voltage to the switching tube so as to conduct the switching tube and generate the first current, wherein the first current flows through the resistor and the electro-optical conversion module;
the photoelectric conversion module comprises a photodiode and a second amplifier;
the photodiode is used for receiving the optical signal from the analog optical fiber and converting the optical signal into a fourth voltage;
the second amplifier is connected with the photodiode, and is used for amplifying the fourth voltage and outputting the first voltage;
the control module comprises a first control unit and a second control unit, and the signal transmission system further comprises a digital optical fiber transmitter and a digital optical fiber receiver;
the first control unit is connected to the second control unit through the digital optical fiber transmitter, the digital optical fiber and the digital optical fiber receiver in sequence;
the first control unit is used for acquiring the first current and transmitting the first current to the second control unit through the digital optical fiber transmitter, the digital optical fiber and the digital optical fiber receiver;
The second control unit is used for acquiring a second voltage of the first end of the resistor and a third voltage of the second end of the resistor, and determining the first current based on a difference value between the second voltage and the third voltage;
the second control unit is further configured to determine a first electro-optical conversion coefficient based on the first current and the first voltage;
the second control unit is further configured to: acquiring a threshold current of the electro-optical conversion module, wherein when the current flowing through the electro-optical conversion module is smaller than the threshold current, the electro-optical conversion module stops working;
determining the first electro-optic conversion coefficient as: k=v2/(ILD 1-Ith), where V2 is the first voltage, ILD1 is the first current, and Ith is the threshold current.
2. The signal transmission system of claim 1, wherein the control module is further configured to:
acquiring a first direct current component of the first current and acquiring a second direct current component of the first voltage;
the first electro-optic conversion coefficient is determined based on the first direct current component and the second direct current component.
3. The signal transmission system of claim 2, further comprising a first low pass filter;
The first low-pass filter is connected between the second input end of the first amplifier and the control module and is used for carrying out low-pass filtering on the second voltage;
the control module is further configured to determine the first current based on a difference between the second voltage and the third voltage after low pass filtering.
4. The signal transmission system of claim 3, wherein the control module is further configured to determine the first direct current component based on an average value of the first current over a first predetermined time period.
5. The signal transmission system of claim 4, wherein the first low pass filter has a cut-off frequency in the range of [1hz,100hz ] and the first predetermined time period in the range of [0.01s,1s ].
6. The signal transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electro-optical conversion module comprises a laser diode;
the first end of the laser diode is connected with a positive power supply, and the second end of the laser diode is connected with the voltage-to-current conversion module.
7. The signal transmission system of claim 1, wherein the control module is further configured to:
Determining a reference electro-optic conversion coefficient;
if the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient is equal to the first electro-optic conversion coefficient, keeping the amplification factor of the second amplifier unchanged;
if the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient is larger than the first electro-optic conversion coefficient, increasing the amplification factor of the second amplifier;
and if the reference electro-optic conversion coefficient is smaller than the first electro-optic conversion coefficient, reducing the amplification factor of the second amplifier.
8. The signal transmission system of claim 7, further comprising a switch connected to the voltage to current conversion module, the input voltage, and the control module, respectively;
the control module is further configured to:
controlling the switch to disconnect the input voltage from the voltage-to-current conversion module and establish a connection between the control module and the voltage-to-current conversion module;
outputting a first test voltage to the voltage-to-current conversion module so that the electro-optical conversion module outputs a first test current and the photoelectric conversion module outputs a second test voltage;
outputting a third test voltage to the voltage-to-current conversion module so that the electro-optical conversion module outputs a second test current and the photoelectric conversion module outputs a fourth test voltage;
The reference electro-optic conversion coefficient is determined based on the first test voltage, the second test voltage, the third test voltage, the fourth test voltage, the first test current, and the second test current.
9. The signal transmission system of claim 2, wherein the signal transmission system further comprises a second low pass filter;
the second low-pass filter is connected between the photoelectric conversion module and the control module and is used for carrying out low-pass filtering on the first voltage;
the control module is used for determining the second direct current component based on an average value of the first voltage after low-pass filtering in a second preset duration.
10. The signal transmission system according to claim 1, further comprising a subtractor connected to the photoelectric conversion module and the control module, respectively;
the control module is further configured to obtain a static working current of the electro-optical conversion module, and output a fifth voltage corresponding to the static working current to the subtractor, where when the input voltage is 0, a current flowing through the electro-optical conversion module is the static working current;
The subtractor is configured to generate an output voltage based on a difference between the first voltage and the fifth voltage.
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| KR20110067777A (en) * | 2009-12-15 | 2011-06-22 | 한국과학기술원 | Optical transmitting/receiving control apparatus |
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| CN104201563A (en) * | 2014-09-29 | 2014-12-10 | 王莹 | Semiconductor laser constant power control circuit and work method |
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