CN116566096A - 能降低高速永磁同步电机定子端部硅钢片铁耗的电磁结构 - Google Patents
能降低高速永磁同步电机定子端部硅钢片铁耗的电磁结构 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
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- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/42—Means for preventing or reducing eddy-current losses in the winding heads, e.g. by shielding
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
- H02K3/34—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
- H02K3/345—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation between conductors or between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation between conductor and core, e.g. slot insulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/32—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation
- H02K3/38—Windings characterised by the shape, form or construction of the insulation around winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
- H02K3/48—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure in slots
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/46—Fastening of windings on the stator or rotor structure
- H02K3/50—Fastening of winding heads, equalising connectors, or connections thereto
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种能降低高速永磁同步电机定子端部硅钢片铁耗的电磁结构。永磁转子永磁磁场有效部分的两端面与定子硅钢片叠压铁心外侧两端面轴向长度基本相同。在定子硅钢片铁心两侧轴向都先紧密安放一层绝缘板，再紧密安放一层软磁复合铁心板。薄绝缘板不导磁不导电，软磁复合铁心板具有500以上的相对磁导率且高频铁耗低，两者都应具有较高机械强度，且轴向投影视图尺寸与定子硅钢片铁心的完全相同。薄绝缘板轴向厚度较薄，软磁复合铁心板轴向厚度相对较厚；两者的轴向厚度依据电机的体积、转速以及磁路饱和情况来设计，取值范围分别为0.5～2mm和3～30mm;定子绕组轴向增加相应长度。该电磁结构能减弱由端部轴向进入定子硅钢片铁心的交变磁通，降低定子铁耗。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于电气工程领域，涉及一种能降低高速永磁同步电机定子端部硅钢片铁耗的电磁结构。
背景技术
飞轮储能系统具有环境友好、功率密度大、使用寿命长和放电深度深等优点，广泛应用在不间断电源、大功率脉冲电源、电网调频和轨道交通等领域；飞轮储能系统中多采用高速永磁同步电机来实现飞轮储能系统机械能和电能之间的能量转换。
为提高飞轮储能系统的能量储存密度，通常将永磁同步电机永磁转子极数设计得少，转速设计得越来越高；同时为了保护永磁转子，永磁转子外圆周表面都要套装上非导磁的高强度合金护套或者碳纤维护套，使得定转子之间的电磁气隙较大；永磁转子轴向的两个端面都会出现随永磁磁极极性不同而呈现出不同极性的幅值较大的的端面磁通，端面磁通随永磁转子同步旋转，由于端面磁通作用到定子硅钢片铁心端面的径向高度较大，端面磁通由轴向垂直进入定子硅钢片铁心冲片平面，则定子硅钢片铁心冲片内将会出现幅值较大的交变磁密；与此同时，定子端部绕组内交变电流也会产生垂直进入定子硅钢片铁心端部冲片平面的漏磁通，与漏磁通所对应的也是交变的磁密。由于两种垂直进入定子硅钢片铁心冲片平面的交变磁密的交变频率很高，将在定子硅钢片铁心两侧最外面几层硅钢片铁心冲片内感应出较大的涡流，并产生很大的涡流损耗，造成这部分硅钢片局部温升过高。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术难题，本发明提出一种能降低高速永磁同步电机定子端部硅钢片铁耗的电磁结构，其特征在于：永磁转子永磁磁场有效部分的两端面与定子硅钢片叠压铁心外侧两端面轴向长度基本相同，在定子硅钢片铁心两侧轴向向外都依次先紧密安放一层绝缘板，再紧密安放一层软磁复合铁心板。薄绝缘板不导磁不导电，软磁复合铁心板由热固性或热塑性高分子与磁性材料复合而成的具有磁性功能的复合材料制成，软磁复合铁心板应具有500以上的相对磁导率且高频铁耗低的性能；薄绝缘板和软磁复合铁心板都应具有较高机械强度。薄绝缘板和软磁复合铁心板的轴向投影视图尺寸与定子硅钢片铁心的完全相同。薄绝缘板轴向厚度较薄，软磁复合铁心板轴向厚度相对较厚，两者的轴向厚度依据电机的体积、转速以及磁路饱和情况来设计，两者的轴向厚度取值范围分别为0.5～2mm和3～30mm；定子绕组轴向增加相应的长度。
本发明提出一种能够降低高速永磁同步电机定子铁心端部硅钢片涡流损耗的电磁结构，即在原定子硅钢片铁心两侧轴向向外都依次增添一层绝缘板和一层软磁复合铁心板。当增添了一层绝缘板和一层软磁复合铁心板后，永磁转子轴向的两个端面都会出现随永磁磁极极性不同而呈现出不同极性的幅值较大的的端面磁通，这些随转子一起旋转的周向上幅值差异较大的端面磁通会在软磁复合铁心板平面内产生交变磁密；与此同时，定子端部绕组内交变电流也会产生垂直进入软磁复合铁心板平面的端部漏磁通，与漏磁通所对应的也是交变的磁密。虽然两种垂直进入软磁复合铁心板平面的交变磁密的交变频率很高，但是软磁复合铁心板的软磁复合材料特性决定着其铁耗很小。更重要的是，由于软磁复合铁心板与定子硅钢片铁心之间放置了不导磁不导电的薄绝缘板，增大了软磁复合铁心板与定子硅钢片铁心之间的磁阻，于是两种垂直进入软磁复合铁心板平面的交变磁密绝大部分将改为在软磁复合铁心板径向和周向流动，只有极少的一部分将由软磁复合铁心板穿过薄绝缘板垂直进入定子硅钢片铁心，所以在定子硅钢片铁心两侧最外面几层硅钢片铁心冲片内感应出的涡流大大降低，涡流损耗也大大减小。即降低垂直进入定子硅钢片铁心两侧平面的由永磁转子端面永磁磁通产生的交变磁密和定子端部绕组内交变电流产生的交变磁密，减小定子硅钢片铁心两侧最外面几层硅钢片铁心冲片内的涡流和涡流损耗，降低定子铁心温升。
附图说明
图1是能降低高速永磁同步电机定子端部硅钢片铁耗的电磁结构示意图(主视剖面图和俯视图)；
图中，1-机座，2-定子绕组，3-软磁复合铁心板，4-薄绝缘板，5-转子压板，6-定子硅钢片铁心，7-转子护套，8-永磁转子磁场有效部分，9-轴。
具体实施方式
下面结合图1对本发明提出的能降低高速永磁同步电机定子端部硅钢片铁耗的电磁结构作进一步地详细描述。
如图1所示，本发明对传统的高速永磁同步电机电磁结构做了技术改进，在原定子硅钢片铁心两侧轴向向外都依次增添一层绝缘板和一层软磁复合铁心板。
实施时，机座1由机械强度好传热性能好的金属材料加工而成，将已由低损耗硅钢片冲剪叠压好的定子硅钢片铁心6压入机座1中指定位置，该指定位置要保障定子硅钢片铁心6与永磁转子磁场有效部分8在轴向位置上对齐，再分别在定子硅钢片铁心6两侧轴向都依次压入一层绝缘板4和一层软磁复合铁心板3。在定子硅钢片铁心2的槽中做好槽绝缘，依次嵌放线圈，整理好绕组端部，浸漆烘干后，就得到了定子绕组2，有时还再用耐高温、导热好、固化后机械性能好的环氧树脂浇注，固化成型后才得到定子绕组2，得到定子组件。永磁转子磁场有效部分8组装在轴9上，永磁转子磁场有效部分8的轴向两端由不导磁的转子压板5压紧保护，在永磁转子磁场有效部分8和两侧转子压板5的外圆周表面过盈装配上非导磁的高强度合金护套或者碳纤维护套7，得到永磁转子组件。将定子组件和转子组件与永磁同步电机其他零部件组装在一起，得到定子铁心端部硅钢片涡流损耗大大降低的高速永磁同步电机。
Claims (1)
1.一种能降低高速永磁同步电机定子端部硅钢片铁耗的电磁结构，其特征在于：永磁转子永磁磁场有效部分的两端面与定子硅钢片叠压铁心外侧两端面轴向长度基本相同，在定子硅钢片铁心两侧轴向向外都依次先紧密安放一层绝缘板，再紧密安放一层软磁复合铁心板。薄绝缘板不导磁不导电，软磁复合铁心板由热固性或热塑性高分子与磁性材料复合而成的具有磁性功能的复合材料制成，软磁复合铁心板应具有500以上的相对磁导率且高频铁耗低的性能；薄绝缘板和软磁复合铁心板都应具有较高机械强度。薄绝缘板和软磁复合铁心板的轴向投影视图尺寸与定子硅钢片铁心的完全相同。薄绝缘板轴向厚度较薄，软磁复合铁心板轴向厚度相对较厚，两者的轴向厚度依据电机的体积、转速以及磁路饱和情况来设计，两者的轴向厚度取值范围分别为0.5～2mm和3～30mm；定子绕组轴向增加相应的长度。
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