CN116553920A - Low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank and preparation process of low-temperature quick-firing marble ceramic tile using same - Google Patents

Low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank and preparation process of low-temperature quick-firing marble ceramic tile using same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116553920A
CN116553920A CN202310533825.9A CN202310533825A CN116553920A CN 116553920 A CN116553920 A CN 116553920A CN 202310533825 A CN202310533825 A CN 202310533825A CN 116553920 A CN116553920 A CN 116553920A
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China
Prior art keywords
low
temperature
firing
ceramic tile
dihydrogen phosphate
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CN202310533825.9A
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Inventor
李炯志
祝炜键
王天阳
朱联烽
黄海发
杨君之
蒋小英
夏长斌
谭沛林
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Guangdong Jianyi Group Ceramics Co ltd
Guangxi Jianyi Ceramics Co ltd
Qingyuan Jianyi Ceramics Co Ltd
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Guangdong Jianyi Group Ceramics Co ltd
Guangxi Jianyi Ceramics Co ltd
Qingyuan Jianyi Ceramics Co Ltd
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Application filed by Guangdong Jianyi Group Ceramics Co ltd, Guangxi Jianyi Ceramics Co ltd, Qingyuan Jianyi Ceramics Co Ltd filed Critical Guangdong Jianyi Group Ceramics Co ltd
Priority to CN202310533825.9A priority Critical patent/CN116553920A/en
Publication of CN116553920A publication Critical patent/CN116553920A/en
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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tiles, in particular to a low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank and a preparation process of a low-temperature quick-firing marble ceramic tile using the same. The low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank body comprises a blank raw material with the firing temperature not less than 1210 ℃ and a low-temperature material; the low-temperature material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1-20% of phosphate, 1-20% of fluxing agent, 1-15% of calcined talcum and 1-10% of diopside. The conventional raw materials for the blank and the low-temperature materials are adopted for mixing, the sintering temperature can be reduced to 1070-1130 ℃ and the sintering time can be reduced to 40-50min under the precondition of not changing the prior process steps, so that a large amount of energy consumption is saved, and the comprehensive performance of the ceramic tile after low-temperature quick sintering is ensured to be not lower than that of the prior ceramic tile sintering process. In addition, the raw materials are also added with polishing waste residue and attapulgite, so that the water absorption rate of the prepared marble tile is below 0.09%, and the flexural strength can be maintained at 38-61Mpa.

Description

Low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank and preparation process of low-temperature quick-firing marble ceramic tile using same
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic tiles, in particular to a low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank and a preparation process of a low-temperature quick-firing marble ceramic tile using the same.
Background
High pollution, high material consumption and high energy consumption are key common problems faced by the ceramic industry in China, and severely restrict the further development of the ceramic industry. Under the current low-carbon economic humane environment, the control standard of the building sanitary ceramic is more and more strict, and according to statistics, the average consumption of 600 ℃ electricity or 2.5t standard coal is about per 1t ceramic produced, so that the energy consumption is high, and the environment, particularly the atmospheric environment, is seriously polluted. In the whole ceramic production, the energy consumption of the firing process accounts for about 60% of the total energy consumption; therefore, it is particularly important to adjust the firing process to reduce the energy consumption in terms of ceramic production.
In front of the vast enterprises engaged in the production of building sanitary ceramics, the development of low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tiles and low-temperature baking-free ceramic tiles is 2 main choices on the market at present. In fact, however, when combining low temperature firing with rapid firing, the problem becomes more complex and at least one of the following problems must be addressed: the method is suitable for raw material selection of low-temperature quick-firing tiles, glaze with high coverage rate, high-efficiency quick-firing kiln and the like, otherwise, the quality of produced tile products is relatively poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank and a preparation process of a low-temperature quick-firing marble ceramic tile using the same, and aims to solve the technical problem that the quality of the existing low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile is poorer than that of a common ceramic tile.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank, which comprises a blank raw material with the firing temperature of more than or equal to 1210 ℃ and a low-temperature material;
the low-temperature material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1-20% of phosphate, 1-20% of fluxing agent, 1-15% of calcined talcum and 1-10% of diopside.
It is known that the energy consumption of the building sanitary ceramic is reduced by about 10% when the firing temperature is reduced by 100 degrees, and the energy consumption is about 25% of the total cost of the building sanitary ceramic, so that the energy consumption of the building sanitary ceramic can be greatly reduced by low-temperature firing. At the same time, the temperature of the high temperature section of the firing is reduced, and the original type and the thermal type NO in the smoke is discharged at the same time X SO and SO 2 、CO 2 The components are also reduced. Therefore, by adopting the low-temperature sintering technology, the sintering temperature is reduced, the energy consumption cost of enterprises is reduced, the smoke emission is reduced, and the method has very important economic value and foresight.
The scheme adopts the conventional raw materials for the blank and the low-temperature material for mixing, the sintering temperature of the ceramic tile prepared from the conventional raw materials for the blank is generally higher than 1210 ℃, the sintering temperature can be reduced to 1070-1130 ℃ under the precondition that the existing process steps are not changed when the ceramic tile is matched with the low-temperature material for use, the sintering time is reduced to 40-50min from conventional 70-90min, the energy consumption is saved by at least 18-25%, and the comprehensive performance of the ceramic tile after low-temperature quick sintering is ensured to be not lower than that of the existing ceramic tile sintering process.
The inorganic phosphate is added into the low-temperature material to mainly reduce the sintering temperature, and in addition, when the inorganic phosphate is added into the raw material for the blank, the strength of the dry blank can be increased, and the fluxing effect can be achieved during high-temperature sintering. It is not only an inorganic low-temperature binder, but also an inorganic high-temperature binder. The low-temperature material is also introduced with calcined talcum, which can further reduce the sintering temperature, improve the formula system, promote the dissolution of quartz and the formation of mullite, expand the sintering range and improve the whiteness of the green body. In the same way, the diopside in the low-temperature material can also reduce the firing temperature of the blank, and the diopside has no crystal form transformation and no firing loss in the heating process, so that the diopside can also reduce firing shrinkage, so that the thermal expansion performance of the blank body is good, and the rapid firing is very beneficial. A small amount of fluxing agent is added into the low-temperature material to play roles in fluxing and toughening, so that the temperature reduction and sintering are more sufficient.
Preferably, the phosphate is at least one of lithium dihydrogen phosphate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, or magnesium dihydrogen phosphate. The phosphate is mainly at least one of the above types, and has better effect of reducing sintering temperature on the green body.
Preferably, the phosphate is aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and the mass ratio of the lithium dihydrogen phosphate to the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is 1-2:1; or the phosphate is magnesium dihydrogen phosphate and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and the mass ratio of the magnesium dihydrogen phosphate to the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is 1-2:1. In summary, the phosphate has better effect of reducing the firing temperature of the green body (ceramic tile) under the two combinations, and can better ensure the quality of the ceramic tile.
Preferably, the calcined talcum is calcined talcum powder obtained by calcining 5-10mm talcum particles at 1240-1260 ℃ for 40-50min and grinding; the size of the calcined talc micropowder is 8-10um. The scheme adopts calcined talcum to replace raw talcum to be added into low-temperature materials, firstly, the sintering temperature of a green body is reduced, and a formula system is improved; secondly, the sintering range is enlarged, and the whiteness of the green body is improved; and thirdly, the dissolution of quartz and the formation of mullite are promoted, and the calcined talcum is prepared by adopting the process, so that the obtained calcined talcum has better quality.
Preferably, the fluxing agent is barium carbonate or borax. The barium carbonate or borax has good fluxing effect on the raw materials for the blank, and is beneficial to improving the overall quality of the blank or the ceramic tile.
Preferably, the raw materials of the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank further comprise polishing waste residues. The raw materials for the blank of the scheme also introduce polishing waste residues, and have the effect of recycling tile wastes. Meanwhile, the polished waste residue is sintered at a high temperature, so that vitrified powder which has a certain density and similar crystalline phases can be softened or melted during low-temperature sintering, and the vitrified powder has a beneficial effect on the low-temperature sintering of the raw materials for the blank and has no great influence on the chemical components of the raw materials for the blank.
Preferably, the raw materials of the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank further comprise attapulgite. The attapulgite has the main toughening effect, has an intermediate structure between a chain structure and a layered structure as silicate mineral, has better plasticity and binding force, and has the characteristics of unique dispersion, high temperature resistance, salt and alkali resistance and the like.
Preferably, the raw materials of the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 45-60% of raw materials for blanks with sintering temperature not less than 1210 ℃, 8-12% of low-temperature materials, 10-40% of polishing waste residues and 2-5% of attapulgite. The raw materials for the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank in the scheme change the existing basic blank formula, and 8-12% of low-temperature materials, 10-40% of polishing waste residues and 2-5% of attapulgite are added. Compared with the existing mode of adopting wollastonite to perform low-temperature quick burning, the low-temperature quick burning method can achieve low water absorption rate.
Preferably, the raw materials of the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 45-70% of raw materials for blanks with sintering temperature not less than 1210 ℃, 8-10% of low-temperature materials, 30-40% of polishing waste residues and 5-10% of attapulgite. According to the scheme, more than 30% of polishing waste residues can be introduced into the raw material of the green body, the recycling rate of waste materials is high, when the adding amount of the polishing waste residues is large, the brittleness of the ceramic tile green body can be reduced, and the loss rate of the ceramic tile green body is large.
Preferably, the chemical composition of the raw materials for the blank with the sintering temperature of more than or equal to 1210 ℃ comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 65-70％、Al 2 O 3 19-21％、K 2 O 3-4％、Na 2 O 2-3％、CaO 0-1％、MgO 0-2％、TiO 2 0-0.5％、Fe 2 O 3 0-1% and 4.8-5.5% burn loss.
In addition, the invention also provides a low-temperature quick-firing marble tile, which uses the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank according to any one of the above, wherein the firing temperature is 1070-1130 ℃ and the firing time is 40-50min, and the low-temperature quick-firing marble tile blank has the same beneficial effects as the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank, and the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank is not described in detail herein.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method adopts the conventional raw materials for the blank and the low-temperature material for mixing, the sintering temperature of the ceramic tile prepared from the conventional raw materials for the blank is generally higher than 1210 ℃, the sintering temperature can be reduced to 1070-1130 ℃ under the precondition that the existing process steps are not changed when the ceramic tile is matched with the low-temperature material for use, the sintering time is reduced to 40-50min from conventional 70-90min, the energy consumption is greatly saved, and the comprehensive performance of the ceramic tile after low-temperature quick sintering is ensured to be not lower than that of the existing ceramic tile sintering process. In addition, the raw materials are also added with polishing waste residue and attapulgite, so that the water absorption rate of the prepared marble tile is below 0.09%, and the flexural strength can be maintained at 38-61Mpa.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
The preparation method of the low-temperature quick-firing marble tile comprises the following steps: applying overglaze on the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank, performing ink-jet printing on marble patterns, then applying full polishing glaze, and finally performing firing and polishing to obtain the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile, wherein the firing temperature is 1070-1130 ℃ and the firing time is 40-55min.
The low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank body comprises a blank raw material with the firing temperature not less than 1210 ℃ and a low-temperature material; the low-temperature material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1-20% of phosphate, 1-20% of fluxing agent, 1-15% of calcined talcum and 1-10% of diopside.
The raw materials of the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank can also comprise polishing waste residues and attapulgite, and the raw materials of the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 45-60% of raw materials for blanks with sintering temperature not less than 1210 ℃, 8-12% of low-temperature materials, 10-40% of polishing waste residues and 2-5% of attapulgite.
The chemical composition of the raw materials for the blank with the sintering temperature more than or equal to 1210 ℃ comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 65-70％、Al 2 O 3 19-21％、K 2 O 3-4％、Na 2 O 2-3％、CaO 0-1％、MgO 0-2％、TiO 2 0-0.5％、Fe 2 O 3 0-1% and 4.8-5.5% burn loss.
The phosphate is at least one of lithium dihydrogen phosphate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate or magnesium dihydrogen phosphate; the fluxing agent is barium carbonate or borax.
The phosphate is lithium dihydrogen phosphate and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and the mass ratio of the lithium dihydrogen phosphate to the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is 1-2:1; or the phosphate is magnesium dihydrogen phosphate and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and the mass ratio of the magnesium dihydrogen phosphate to the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is 1-2:1.
The calcined talcum is calcined talcum powder obtained by calcining talcum particles with the diameter of 5-10mm at 1240-1260 ℃ for 40-50min and grinding; the size of the calcined talc micropowder is 8-10um.
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be presented in further detail with reference to the examples, which should be understood as being merely illustrative of the present invention and not limiting.
The raw materials for the blank in the scheme comprise the following components in parts by weight: feng Ze stone powder 1-10 parts, new rich clay 5-10 parts, cloud white sand 10-20 parts, silver white clay 1-5 parts, zhongshan white clay 5-10 parts, kaolin 5-10 parts, original river super white sodium sand 5-15 parts, and flourishing clay 5-10 parts, granular sand 1-10 parts, high peak soil 5-10 parts, kaolin 1-5 parts, new white clay 5-10 parts, hongfu stone powder 10-20 parts, guangfeng sand 10-20 parts, black talc 1-5 parts, polishing clay 1-10 parts, high aluminum potassium sand 1-10 parts (blank in the following embodiment is Feng Ze stone powder 6 parts, new rich clay 8 parts, cloud white sand 12 parts, silver white clay 4 parts, zhongshan white clay 6 parts, kaolin 5 parts, original river super white sodium sand 12 parts, and flourishing clay 6 parts, granular sand 3 parts, high peak clay 7 parts, kaolin 3 parts, new white clay 6 parts, rich stone powder 14 parts, high peak white clay 11 parts, white clay 2 parts, white clay 7 parts, high alumina sand 7 parts, white clay 3 parts; the raw material for the above-mentioned preform is generally fired at a temperature of 1210 to 1230 ℃.
The chemical composition of each raw material in percentage by mass (the following units are percent) comprises the following components:
a set of overglaze raw materials are provided herein for the preparation of ceramic tiles of the following examples, the overglaze comprising, in parts by weight, raw materials of the following composition, mixed and ball milled: a set of overglaze raw materials are provided herein for the preparation of ceramic tiles of the following examples, the overglaze comprising, in parts by weight, raw materials of the following composition, mixed and ball milled: 12-17 parts of spherical kaolin, 24-28 parts of lithium feldspar, 25-30 parts of low Wen Cidan, 4-8 parts of calcined kaolin, 20-25 parts of low-temperature albite, 10-15 parts of sodium carbonate, 0.3-0.8 part of fluxing agent fluorite, 0.13-0.18 part of methyl and 0.24-0.48 part of trimerization, 40-45 parts of clear water (the overglaze in the following examples adopts 13 parts of spherical kaolin, 25 parts of lithium feldspar, wen Cidan parts of low-temperature albite, 7 parts of calcined kaolin, 22 parts of low-temperature albite, 15 parts of sodium carbonate, 0.6 part of fluxing agent fluorite, 0.18 part of methyl and 0.38 part of trimerization and 44 parts of clear water), and in other examples, the overglaze raw materials can be adaptively adjusted.
Providing a group of full-polished glaze raw materials for preparing the ceramic bricks in the following examples, wherein the full-polished glaze is prepared by mixing and ball milling the raw materials comprising the following components in parts by weight: 12-17 parts of spherical kaolin, 18-25 parts of potassium feldspar, 6-9 parts of quartz, 8-11 parts of calcite, 6-8 parts of talcum, 13-18 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 10-14 parts of strontium carbonate, 12-17 parts of lithium porcelain stone, 0.13-0.18 part of methyl and 0.24-0.48 part of trimerization, and 40-45 parts of clear water (in the following examples, 16 parts of spherical kaolin, 20 parts of potassium feldspar, 8 parts of quartz, 8 parts of calcite, 6 parts of talcum, 17 parts of calcined zinc oxide, 13 parts of strontium carbonate, 12 parts of lithium porcelain stone, 0.16 part of methyl and 0.3 part of trimerization are adopted in the full glaze polishing), and in other examples, the full glaze polishing raw material can be adaptively adjusted.
The polishing waste residue adopted in the scheme is ceramic tile clinker which is produced by a ceramic company in the ceramic tile polishing process and comprises ceramic surface polishing and four-side edging.
Example 1
The preparation method of the low-temperature quick-firing marble tile comprises the following steps: and applying surface glaze on the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank, performing ink-jet printing on marble patterns, then applying full polishing glaze, and finally performing firing and polishing to obtain the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile, wherein the firing temperature is 1135 ℃ and the firing time is 45min.
The low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank comprises 90% of the blank raw materials and 10% of low-temperature materials in percentage by mass. The low-temperature material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 3% of borax, 1% of calcined talc and 4% of diopside. The calcined talcum is calcined talcum powder obtained by calcining talcum particles with the diameter of 5-10mm at 1250 ℃ for 48min and grinding; the size of the calcined talc micropowder is 8-10um.
Comparative example 1
The preparation process of the marble tile in this comparative example is the same as that of example 1, but the raw materials of the tile blank are all blank raw materials, low-temperature materials are not added, the firing temperature needs to be regulated to 1230 ℃, the firing time is 90min, otherwise, the marble tile meeting the requirements of the finished product cannot be obtained.
Comparative example 2
The preparation steps and parameters in this comparative example were the same as in example 1, except that: the low-temperature material is replaced by wollastonite, namely the raw materials of the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank body comprise 90 percent of the raw materials for the blank and 10 percent of wollastonite.
Comparative example 3
The preparation steps and parameters in this comparative example were the same as in example 1, except that: the calcined talc is replaced by raw talc, i.e. directly with uncalcined talc particles.
The marble tiles prepared in example 1 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to performance test, and specific test results are shown in the following table:
from the test results shown in the above table, it is clear from the test results of example 1 and comparative example 1 that the raw materials for the blank must be fired at a firing temperature of more than 1210 ℃ (1230 ℃), otherwise, all performance indexes of the tile do not meet the standards. As can be seen from the detection results of example 1 and comparative example 2, in the prior art, the preparation of the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile is realized by adding wollastonite, but compared with the marble tile obtained by the scheme, the ceramic tile prepared by the method has the advantages of higher water absorption rate and lower flexural strength. From the results of the test of example 1 and comparative example 3, it is understood that when the talc component in the low temperature material is not calcined, the water absorption of the obtained marble tile will become large and the flexural strength will become low.
Example 2
The preparation steps and parameters in this example were the same as in example 1, except that: the raw materials of the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank also contain 30% of polishing waste residues, namely the raw materials of the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank comprise, by mass: 60% of the raw materials for the blank, 30% of polishing waste residues and 10% of low-temperature materials.
Performance tests were carried out on the low-temperature quick-firing marble tile prepared in example 2, and specific test results are shown in the following table:
note that: the green body drying shrinkage was measured as the green body drying at 160 ℃ for 70min, and the size before drying and the size after drying were obtained, and the green body drying shrinkage= (size before drying-size after drying)/size before drying×100%.
As shown by the test results of the table, the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank raw material can also be introduced with polishing waste residues, the addition amount of the polishing waste residues in the scheme is large, the polishing waste residues are introduced into the blank raw material as waste materials, the chemical components of the polishing waste residues are consistent with the formula components of the blank raw material, the formula components are not changed basically, the waste raw materials are recycled, the performance of the ceramic tile is not greatly reduced, even the polishing waste residues have a certain cooling effect, the flexural strength of the marble ceramic tile is improved to a certain extent, and the water absorption rate and the drying shrinkage rate are also reduced.
Example 3
The preparation steps and parameters in this example were the same as in example 2, except that: the raw materials of the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank also contain 3% of attapulgite, namely, the raw materials of the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank comprise the following components in percentage by mass: 57% of the raw materials for the blank, 30% of polishing waste residues, 10% of low-temperature materials and 3% of attapulgite.
Example 4
The preparation method of the low-temperature quick-firing marble tile comprises the following steps: and applying overglaze on the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank, performing ink-jet printing on marble patterns, then applying full polishing glaze, and finally performing firing and polishing to obtain the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile, wherein the firing temperature is 1070 ℃ and the firing time is 50min.
The low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 50% of raw materials for the blank, 12% of low-temperature materials, 34% of polishing waste residues and 4% of attapulgite. The low-temperature material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 3% of monocalcium phosphate, 3% of borax, 4% of calcined talcum and 2% of diopside. The calcined talcum is calcined talcum powder obtained by calcining talcum particles with the diameter of 5-10mm at 1250 ℃ for 50min and grinding; the size of the calcined talc micropowder is 8-10um.
Example 5
The preparation method of the low-temperature quick-firing marble tile comprises the following steps: and (3) applying overglaze on the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank, performing ink-jet printing on marble patterns, then applying full polishing glaze, and finally performing firing and polishing to obtain the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile, wherein the firing temperature is 1110 ℃ and the firing time is 40min.
The low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 47% of raw materials for the blank, 8% of low-temperature materials, 40% of polishing waste residues and 5% of attapulgite. The low-temperature material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2% of magnesium dihydrogen phosphate, 2% of barium carbonate, 3% of calcined talc and 1% of diopside. The calcined talcum is calcined talcum powder obtained by calcining talcum particles with the diameter of 5-10mm at 1250 ℃ for 50min and grinding; the size of the calcined talc micropowder is 8-10um.
Performance tests were carried out on the low-temperature quick-firing marble tiles prepared in examples 3 to 5, and specific test results are shown in the following table:
as shown by the test results of the table, the raw materials of the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank body can also be introduced with attapulgite, and the raw materials of the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank body are limited to 45-60% of raw materials for the blank, 8-12% of low-temperature materials, 10-40% of polishing waste residues and 2-5% of attapulgite, so that the water absorption rate of the obtained marble ceramic tile can be maintained below 0.09%, the drying shrinkage rate of the blank body is below 9%, the drying strength of the blank body is above 1.6Mpa, the flexural strength of the blank body can be maintained at 38-61Mpa, and the wear resistance grade is above 3 levels.
Example 6
The preparation method of the low-temperature quick-firing marble tile comprises the following steps: and applying overglaze on the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank, performing ink-jet printing on marble patterns, then applying full polishing glaze, and finally performing firing and polishing to obtain the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile, wherein the firing temperature is 1090 ℃ and the firing time is 50min.
The low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 48% of raw materials for the blank, 10% of low-temperature materials, 37% of polishing waste residues and 5% of attapulgite. The low-temperature material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2% of magnesium dihydrogen phosphate, 1% of aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, 3% of barium carbonate, 3% of calcined talc and 1% of diopside. The calcined talcum is calcined talcum powder obtained by calcining talcum particles with the diameter of 5-10mm at 1260 ℃ for 45min and grinding; the size of the calcined talc micropowder is 8-10um.
The addition amount of the attapulgite was also adjusted in this example (the remaining parameters and steps were the same as in example 6 above), and the specific adjustments are shown in the following table:
example 7
The preparation method of the low-temperature quick-firing marble tile comprises the following steps: and (3) applying overglaze on the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank, performing ink-jet printing on marble patterns, then applying full polishing glaze, and finally performing firing and polishing to obtain the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile, wherein the firing temperature is 1120 ℃, and the firing time is 40min.
The low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 56% of raw materials for the blank, 8% of low-temperature materials, 30% of polishing waste residues and 6% of attapulgite. The low-temperature material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 3% of magnesium dihydrogen phosphate, 2% of borax, 1% of calcined talcum and 2% of diopside. The calcined talcum is calcined talcum micropowder obtained by calcining talcum particles with the diameter of 5-10mm at the temperature of 1255 ℃ for 50min and grinding; the size of the calcined talc micropowder is 8-10um.
Comparative example 4
The preparation steps and parameters in this comparative example were the same as in example 6, except that: the amount of the raw material for the preform was adjusted to 53% without adding attapulgite.
The low temperature quick firing marble tiles prepared in examples 6 to 7 and comparative example 4 were subjected to performance test, and specific test results are shown in the following table:
note that: the wear rate refers to the ratio of the number of unacceptable tiles to the total number of tiles after a batch of green bodies (marble tiles) has been prepared by the process and parameters described above, where the total number of tiles in a batch is 1000. The ceramic tile which does not meet the requirements is mostly produced by the phenomena of local cracks or broken angles and the like of the prepared ceramic tile, which are unqualified ceramic tile products, because the green body of the ceramic tile contains more polishing waste residues, so that the brittleness of the green body of the ceramic tile is higher, and the quality defect of the green body (green body) before being burned easily occurs in the production and transportation processes.
As is clear from the test results of comparative example 4, the loss rate of the marble tile blank was excessively large when more than 30% of the polishing waste was introduced. And after the attapulgite is added and the dosage of the low-temperature material is limited, the loss rate of the marble tile is greatly reduced and the tile strength is obviously improved according to the detection results of examples 6-7. The addition amount of the attapulgite is not as high as possible, but is limited to 5-10% to ensure that the marble tile has smaller loss rate and higher strength.
Example 8
The preparation steps and parameters in this example were the same as in example 4, except that: only the type of phosphate was adjusted as shown in the following table:
phosphate type
Example 4 Monocalcium phosphate
Example 8-1 Lithium dihydrogen phosphate
Example 8-2 Aluminum dihydrogen phosphate
Examples 8 to 3 Magnesium dihydrogen phosphate
Examples 8 to 4 Lithium dihydrogen phosphate and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate in a mass ratio of 2:1
Examples 8 to 5 Magnesium dihydrogen phosphate and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:1
Performance tests were carried out on the low-temperature quick-firing marble tile prepared in example 8, and specific test results are shown in the following table:
as shown by the test results of the table, when the phosphate is adopted as the low-temperature raw material, the low-temperature quick-firing effect can be better, wherein when lithium dihydrogen phosphate or aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is singly adopted, the water absorption rate of the obtained ceramic tile is lower and can be reduced to below 0.06%; when the monocalcium phosphate is adopted, the obtained ceramic tile blank has lower drying shrinkage rate; when lithium dihydrogen phosphate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate or magnesium dihydrogen phosphate is adopted, the obtained ceramic tile blank has better drying strength; when the magnesium dihydrogen phosphate is adopted, the obtained ceramic tile has higher flexural strength.
In addition, the scheme can also adopt a plurality of phosphates for composite use, and adopts lithium dihydrogen phosphate and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate (the mass of the lithium dihydrogen phosphate and the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate can be 1-2:1), or the quality improvement effect on ceramic tiles is better when the magnesium dihydrogen phosphate and the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate (the mass of the magnesium dihydrogen phosphate and the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate can be 1-2:1) are used in a composite manner, wherein the water absorption rate of the obtained marble tile can be reduced to 0.015 percent when the magnesium dihydrogen phosphate and the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate are used in a composite manner, and the flexural strength can be increased to more than 60 Mpa.
Example 9
The preparation method of the low-temperature quick-firing marble tile comprises the following steps: and applying surface glaze on the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank, performing ink-jet printing on marble patterns, then applying full polishing glaze, and finally performing firing and polishing to obtain the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile, wherein the firing temperature is 1110 ℃ and the firing time is 47min.
The low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 49.5% of raw material for blank with sintering temperature more than or equal to 1210 ℃, 10% of low-temperature material, 32% of polishing waste residue and 8.5% of attapulgite. The low-temperature material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 2% of phosphate (magnesium dihydrogen phosphate and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate in a mass ratio of 1:1), 3% of barium carbonate, 3% of calcined talc and 2% of diopside.
The calcined talcum is calcined talcum powder obtained by calcining talcum particles with the diameter of 5-10mm at 1250 ℃ for 48min and grinding; the size of the calcined talc micropowder is 8-10um.
Performance tests were carried out on the low-temperature quick-firing marble tile prepared in example 9, and specific test results are shown in the following table:
from the test results of the above table, it is understood that after the various parameters defining the low temperature quick firing marble tile are all preferred, the obtained tile has better performance, and the water absorption, the green body dry strength and the flexural strength of the tile are all better than those of the tile obtained at the conventional firing temperature (1230 ℃) in comparative example 1, and the loss rate of the low temperature quick firing marble tile is only 0.011%.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by the content of the present invention or direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank is characterized by comprising a blank raw material with a firing temperature of more than or equal to 1210 ℃ and a low-temperature material;
the low-temperature material comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 1-20% of phosphate, 1-20% of fluxing agent, 1-15% of calcined talcum and 1-10% of diopside.
2. The low temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank according to claim 1, wherein the phosphate is at least one of lithium dihydrogen phosphate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate or magnesium dihydrogen phosphate, and the fluxing agent is barium carbonate or borax.
3. The low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank according to claim 1, wherein the phosphate is lithium dihydrogen phosphate and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and the mass ratio of the lithium dihydrogen phosphate to the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is 1-2:1;
or the phosphate is magnesium dihydrogen phosphate and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and the mass ratio of the magnesium dihydrogen phosphate to the aluminum dihydrogen phosphate is 1-2:1.
4. The low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank according to claim 1, wherein the calcined talcum is calcined talcum powder obtained by calcining 5-10mm talcum particles at 1240-1260 ℃ for 40-50min and grinding;
the size of the calcined talc micropowder is 8-10um.
5. The low temperature fast firing ceramic tile blank as claimed in claim 1, wherein said raw materials of said low temperature fast firing ceramic tile blank further comprise polishing waste.
6. The low temperature fast firing ceramic tile blank as claimed in claim 5, wherein said low temperature fast firing ceramic tile blank further comprises attapulgite clay.
7. The low temperature fast firing ceramic tile blank according to claim 6, wherein the raw materials of the low temperature fast firing ceramic tile blank comprise, in mass percent: 45-75% of raw materials for blanks with sintering temperature not less than 1210 ℃, 8-12% of low-temperature materials, 10-40% of polishing waste residues and 1-10% of attapulgite.
8. The low temperature fast firing ceramic tile blank according to claim 6, wherein the raw materials of the low temperature fast firing ceramic tile blank comprise, in mass percent: 45-70% of raw materials for blanks with sintering temperature not less than 1210 ℃, 8-10% of low-temperature materials, 30-40% of polishing waste residues and 5-10% of attapulgite.
9. The low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank according to claim 1, wherein the chemical composition of the raw materials for the blank with the firing temperature of more than or equal to 1210 ℃ comprises, in mass percent: siO (SiO) 2 65-70％、Al 2 O 3 19-21％、K 2 O 3-4％、Na 2 O 2-3％、CaO 0-1％、MgO 0-2％、TiO 2 0-0.5％、Fe 2 O 3 0-1% and 4.8-5.5% burn loss.
10. A process for preparing a low-temperature quick-firing marble tile, characterized in that the low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is used, wherein the firing temperature of the low-temperature quick-firing marble tile is 1070 to 1140 ℃ and the firing time is 40 to 55min.
CN202310533825.9A 2023-05-12 2023-05-12 Low-temperature quick-firing ceramic tile blank and preparation process of low-temperature quick-firing marble ceramic tile using same Pending CN116553920A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116768613A (en) * 2023-08-17 2023-09-19 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 Low-temperature sintered environment-friendly ceramic tile with ultralow water absorption rate and preparation method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116768613A (en) * 2023-08-17 2023-09-19 佛山市东鹏陶瓷有限公司 Low-temperature sintered environment-friendly ceramic tile with ultralow water absorption rate and preparation method thereof

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