CN116550473B - Waste circuit board fine separation recovery device based on high-voltage electrostatic separation - Google Patents
Waste circuit board fine separation recovery device based on high-voltage electrostatic separation Download PDFInfo
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- CN116550473B CN116550473B CN202310758368.3A CN202310758368A CN116550473B CN 116550473 B CN116550473 B CN 116550473B CN 202310758368 A CN202310758368 A CN 202310758368A CN 116550473 B CN116550473 B CN 116550473B
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- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 193
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 94
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 68
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
- B03C7/02—Separators
- B03C7/12—Separators with material falling free
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/10—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using filter plates, sheets or pads having plane surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/66—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter
- B01D46/68—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by means acting on the cake side involving movement with regard to the filter elements
- B01D46/681—Regeneration of the filtering material or filter elements inside the filter by means acting on the cake side involving movement with regard to the filter elements by scrapers, brushes or the like
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C—MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03C7/00—Separating solids from solids by electrostatic effect
- B03C7/003—Pretreatment of the solids prior to electrostatic separation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrostatic Separation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a waste circuit board fine separation and recovery device based on high-voltage electrostatic separation, and relates to the field of circuit board separation and recovery equipment. According to the invention, the wind power conveying component is arranged below the electrostatic separation roller, the agglomerated particles are adsorbed and recovered through negative pressure wind power generated by the wind power conveying component, and the agglomerated particles are conveyed to the upper part inside the box body again under the action of wind power, so that the agglomerated particles are separated for the second time, and a plurality of electrostatic separation mechanisms are not required to be arranged for separating raw materials for a plurality of times, so that the equipment is more simplified, and the equipment volume and the equipment cost can be reduced; and when the material is fed by wind power, not only the agglomerated particles which are agglomerated and adsorbed by moisture can be air-dried by wind power, but also the agglomerated particles can be mutually collided to be disintegrated and dispersed in the conveying process, so that the agglomeration state of the particles is relieved, and the metal-nonmetal particles in the agglomerated particles are separated under the action of an electrostatic separation roller, thereby realizing the fine separation of the metal-nonmetal particles in the circuit board.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of circuit board separation and recovery equipment, and particularly relates to a waste circuit board fine separation and recovery device based on high-voltage electrostatic separation.
Background
The high-voltage electrostatic separator is a device which utilizes the electric difference between minerals and materials to effectively act on the materials by electrostatic force, gravity, centrifugal force and the like generated in a high-voltage electric field so as to realize separation. When the electrostatic separation roller is used for carrying out electrostatic separation on the metal-nonmetal mixed particles after circuit board breakage, the adsorption agglomeration phenomenon is easy to occur among the particles due to the influence of friction or humid environment, so that the metal and nonmetal are mixed together, when the metal particles in the agglomerated particles are mostly occupied, the agglomerated particles easily fall into the metal recovery box, and when the nonmetal particles in the agglomerated particles are mostly occupied, the agglomerated particles easily enter the nonmetal recovery box, so that the metal-nonmetal particles are not thoroughly separated, and the metal recovery rate in the circuit board is reduced.
The Chinese patent application CN101406861A discloses a multi-roller type high-voltage electrostatic separation method for recycling waste printed circuit boards, and proposes the concept of multi-step separation based on the principle of a traditional roller type separator, namely, at least two roller type separation devices with the same structure are arranged in the vertical direction to form an array, the first separation device is used for feeding and separating, the agglomerated particles and the like generated after separation are collected and conveyed to the second separation device for continuous secondary separation, and then the agglomerated particles and the like can sequentially enter the third separation device, the fourth separation device and the like as required until the recycling of the waste printed circuit boards is completed, and the problems of agglomerated particles, stability and treatment capacity can be solved by adopting multi-step separation, so that the optimization of electrostatic separation is realized. However, by arranging a plurality of electrostatic separation rollers for multiple separation, the volume and cost of equipment can be increased, the market competition of the equipment is reduced, the problem of adsorption agglomeration between metal-nonmetal particles cannot be solved, and even through multiple separation, high-efficiency fine separation between metal-nonmetal particles is difficult to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the related art, the invention provides a waste circuit board fine separation and recovery device based on high-voltage electrostatic separation, so as to overcome the technical problems in the prior related art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a waste circuit board fine separation recovery device based on high-voltage electrostatic separation, which comprises an electrostatic separation box and an electrostatic separation mechanism arranged in the electrostatic separation box, wherein the electrostatic separation box comprises a box body, and a blanking component is arranged at the top end of the box body; the electrostatic separation mechanism comprises an electrostatic separation roller and a driving assembly for driving the electrostatic separation roller to rotate, the electrostatic separation roller is rotatably arranged in the box body and is positioned below the blanking assembly, and the electrostatic separation roller is in transmission connection with the blanking assembly; when the driving component drives the electrostatic separation roller to rotate, the electrostatic separation roller drives the blanking component to synchronously work, so that the blanking component uniformly disperses raw materials to be separated on the electrostatic separation roller, and the electrostatic separation roller separates the raw materials; the recycling device also comprises a recycling and feeding mechanism for recycling and conveying the agglomerate grains separated from the raw materials; the recovery feeding mechanism comprises a wind power conveying component and a separation dust removal component, the separation dust removal component is arranged at the top end of the box body, one end of the wind power conveying component is arranged below the electrostatic separation roller, and the other end of the wind power conveying component is communicated with the separation dust removal component; the wind power conveying assembly can convey the agglomerated particles and dust after raw material separation into the separation dust removing assembly in a sucking way, the separation dust removing assembly separates the agglomerated particles and the dust, conveys the separated agglomerated particles into the blanking assembly, conveys the separated agglomerated particles into the box body through the blanking assembly, performs electrostatic separation again, and filters the separated dust.
Further, the electrostatic separation mechanism further comprises a metal receiving hopper and a nonmetal receiving hopper which are respectively and fixedly arranged at two sides below the electrostatic separation roller, a hairbrush fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the box body is arranged above the nonmetal receiving hopper, bristles of the hairbrush are abutted against the surface of the electrostatic separation roller, and discharging channels extending to the outside of the box body are respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the metal receiving hopper and the nonmetal receiving hopper; the driving assembly comprises a motor, and the motor is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the box body and is in transmission connection with the electrostatic separation roller.
Further, the blanking subassembly is including installing in the blanking fill on box top, the blanking groove has been seted up to the bottom of blanking fill, the blanking roller is installed in the blanking inslot rotation, the blanking roller with be connected through the transmission unit transmission between the electrostatic separation roller.
Further, the transmission unit comprises a rotating shaft and a driving wheel, wherein the rotating shaft is fixedly arranged at the end part of the blanking roller, and a driven wheel is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft; the driving wheel is fixedly arranged at one end of the electrostatic separation roller, and the driving wheel is in transmission connection with the driven wheel through a transmission belt.
Further, the wind power conveying assembly comprises a recovery hopper and a feeding fan, and the recovery hopper is fixedly arranged below the electrostatic separation roller; the feeding fan is fixedly arranged at the bottom end inside the box body, the air inlet end of the feeding fan is communicated with the bottom end of the recovery hopper through a negative pressure pipeline, and the air outlet end of the feeding fan is provided with a feeding pipeline communicated with the separation dust removal assembly.
Further, the separation dust removal assembly comprises a discharge box and a dust remover, wherein the discharge box is fixedly arranged at the top end of the box body, and the bottom end of the discharge box is provided with a discharge chute above the blanking hopper; the dust remover is connected and installed in one side of the discharging box, a plate frame is installed between the discharging box and the dust remover, and a screen is fixedly installed on the inner ring of the plate frame.
Further, the separation dust removal assembly further comprises a reciprocating screw rod, a sliding seat and a transmission piece, wherein the reciprocating screw rod is rotatably arranged in the discharging box, and the bottom end of the reciprocating screw rod extends into the box and is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft through the transmission piece; the sliding seat is slidably arranged at one end of the plate frame and is in threaded transmission connection with the reciprocating screw rod, and an ash cleaning brush positioned at one side of the screen is fixedly arranged at one end of the sliding seat.
Further, the transmission piece comprises a primary driving bevel gear, a transmission shaft and a secondary driven bevel gear, and the primary driving bevel gear is fixedly arranged on the rotation shaft; the transmission shaft is rotatably arranged in the box body, one end of the transmission shaft is fixedly provided with a primary driven bevel gear which is in meshed transmission connection with the primary driving bevel gear, and the other end of the transmission shaft is fixedly provided with a secondary driving bevel gear; the secondary driven bevel gear is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the reciprocating screw rod and is in meshed transmission connection with the secondary driving bevel gear.
Further, an opening is formed in the bottom end of the screen, a protective baffle is arranged in the opening, an ash receiving hopper is fixedly arranged on the outer side face of the protective baffle, a connecting shaft is fixedly arranged at the end part of the ash receiving hopper, and the connecting shaft is rotatably arranged on one side of the plate frame through a bearing seat; and the connecting shaft is in transmission connection with the sliding seat through a rotary driving piece.
Further, the rotary driving piece comprises a gear and a rack, the gear is fixedly arranged at one end of the connecting shaft, the rack is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the sliding seat, and the rack is tangent with the inner side edge of the gear.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the wind power conveying component is arranged below the electrostatic separating roller, the agglomerated particles are adsorbed and recovered through negative pressure wind power generated by the wind power conveying component, and the agglomerated particles are conveyed to the upper part inside the box body again under the action of wind power, so that the agglomerated particles are separated for the second time, and a plurality of electrostatic separating mechanisms are not required to be arranged for separating raw materials for a plurality of times, so that the equipment is more simplified, the equipment volume and the equipment cost can be reduced, and the popularization and the use of the equipment are facilitated; when the material is fed by wind power, not only the agglomerated particles which are agglomerated and adsorbed due to moisture can be air-dried by wind power, but also the agglomerated particles can be mutually collided to be disintegrated and dispersed in the conveying process, so that the agglomeration state of the particles is relieved, the metal-nonmetal particles in the agglomerated particles are separated under the action of an electrostatic separation roller, and the fine separation of the metal-nonmetal particles in the circuit board is realized;
2. when the wind power transmission assembly is used for carrying out adsorption and transmission on the agglomerated particles, dust in the box body is synchronously adsorbed and discharged, so that the dust in the box body is removed, and dust mixed in the particle raw materials generated in the circuit board crushing process is prevented from being scattered and densely distributed in the box body, so that the normal use of an electrostatic separation mechanism in the box body is influenced, and the normal operation of equipment is ensured; the wind power conveying component can convey the adsorbed agglomerated particles and dust into the separation dust removing component, the separation dust removing component separates the agglomerated particles from the dust, the separated agglomerated particles are conveyed into the box body for electrostatic separation again, meanwhile, the separated dust is filtered and collected, and the filtered clean air is discharged, so that the dust is prevented from polluting the outside air;
3. according to the invention, when the driving assembly drives the electrostatic separation roller to rotate, the electrostatic separation roller drives the blanking assembly to synchronously rotate, so that the circuit board particle raw materials to be separated are uniformly scattered on the electrostatic separation roller through the rotating blanking assembly, the separation effect of the electrostatic separation roller on the particle raw materials can be improved, meanwhile, the blanking opening can be prevented from being blocked through the rotating blanking of the blanking assembly, and the continuous and uniform blanking of the blanking opening is ensured;
4. according to the invention, the screen is arranged between the discharging box and the dust remover, particles fed by the wind power conveying assembly can be intercepted by the screen, the particles are prevented from being conveyed into the dust remover under the action of wind power, the particles can enter the box body to be separated again, and the conveyed dust can enter the dust remover through the screen to be filtered and dedusted by the dust remover and then be discharged, so that the dust is prevented from polluting the outside air; and the dust removing mechanism connected with the blanking component in a transmission way is arranged on the surface of the screen, when the blanking component rotates to work, the dust removing mechanism is driven to reciprocate on the surface of the screen so as to remove dust adhered to the surface of the screen, and the dust removed by cleaning is sent into the dust remover, so that the dust is prevented from blocking the filter screen to influence the ventilation and feeding of the wind power conveying component, and the normal work of the wind power conveying component is ensured.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product to practice the invention to achieve all of the advantages set forth above at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that it is also possible for a person skilled in the art to obtain the drawings from these drawings without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional cut-away structure of a separation and recovery device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 at a partially enlarged scale;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a separation and recovery device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second perspective cut-away structure of the separation and recovery device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 at B in a partially enlarged manner;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a three-dimensional cutaway structure of the discharge box of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 6 at C in a partially enlarged manner;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure at D of fig. 6 according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. an electrostatic separation tank; 11. a case; 12. a rotating shaft; 13. a driving wheel; 14. a transmission belt; 15. driven wheel; 16. a blanking hopper; 17. a material dropping groove; 18. a blanking roller; 2. an electrostatic separation mechanism; 21. an electrostatic separation roller; 22. a metal receiving hopper; 23. a nonmetallic receiving hopper; 24. a brush; 25. a motor; 3. a recycling and feeding mechanism; 31. a recovery hopper; 32. a negative pressure pipeline; 33. a feed pipe; 34. a feeding fan; 35. a discharging box; 36. a dust remover; 37. a primary drive bevel gear; 38. a primary driven bevel gear; 39. a transmission shaft; 310. a secondary drive bevel gear; 312. a secondary driven bevel gear; 313. a reciprocating screw rod; 314. a discharge chute; 315. a screen; 316. a plate frame; 317. a sliding seat; 318. a gear; 319. a dust removing brush; 320. a rack; 321. an ash receiving hopper; 322. a protective baffle; 323. and a connecting shaft.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, based on the embodiments in the invention, which a person of ordinary skill in the art would obtain without inventive faculty, are within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "open," "upper," "lower," "top," "middle," "inner," and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship, merely for convenience of description and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the components or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a waste circuit board fine separation and recovery device based on high-voltage electrostatic separation, which comprises an electrostatic separation box 1 and an electrostatic separation mechanism 2 arranged in the electrostatic separation box 1, wherein the electrostatic separation box 1 comprises a box body 11, and a blanking component is arranged at the top end of the box body 11; the electrostatic separation mechanism 2 comprises an electrostatic separation roller 21 and a driving assembly for driving the electrostatic separation roller 21 to rotate, the electrostatic separation roller 21 is rotatably arranged in the box 11 and is positioned below the blanking assembly, and the electrostatic separation roller 21 is in transmission connection with the blanking assembly; when the driving component drives the electrostatic separation roller 21 to rotate, the electrostatic separation roller 21 drives the blanking component to synchronously work, so that the blanking component uniformly disperses raw materials to be separated on the electrostatic separation roller 21, and the electrostatic separation roller 21 separates the raw materials; the recovery device also comprises a recovery feeding mechanism 3 for recovering and conveying the agglomerate grains after raw material separation; the recovery feeding mechanism 3 comprises a wind power conveying component and a separation dust removing component, the separation dust removing component is arranged at the top end of the box body 11, one end of the wind power conveying component is arranged below the electrostatic separation roller 21, and the other end of the wind power conveying component is communicated with the separation dust removing component; the wind power conveying component can convey the agglomerated particles and dust separated by raw materials into the separating and dedusting component in a sucking way, the separated agglomerated particles and dust are separated by the separating and dedusting component, the separated agglomerated particles are conveyed into the blanking component and then conveyed into the box 11 by the blanking component, electrostatic separation is carried out again, and meanwhile, the separated dust is filtered; wherein, a high voltage generating device for discharging the electrostatic separation roller 21 is arranged above one side of the electrostatic separation roller 21, meanwhile, the electrostatic separation roller 21 is grounded, and a cleaning piece is arranged below the other side of the electrostatic separation roller 21; the electrostatic separation mechanism 2 adopts an electrostatic separation scheme in the prior art, high-voltage static electricity generated by a high-voltage generating device in the mechanism is used for discharging the grounded electrostatic separation roller 21 when the electrostatic separation mechanism works, materials to be separated fall onto the rotating electrostatic separation roller 21, conductive materials in the materials are subjected to the action of static electricity and then put into the ground through the electrostatic separation roller 21, the conductive materials are thrown into a conductive receiving hopper by adding the inertia of the rotation of the electrostatic separation roller 21, and after the non-conductive materials are subjected to the electricity, the conductive materials are adsorbed on the surface of the rotating electrostatic separation roller 21 due to poor conductive performance, and the conductive materials are scanned down by a cleaning piece along with the rotation of the electrostatic separation roller 21 and fall into the non-conductive receiving hopper; when the crushed metal-nonmetal particle raw materials of the waste circuit board are separated and recovered, the electrostatic separation roller 21 is driven to rotate by the driving component, meanwhile, the blanking component is driven to synchronously rotate by the electrostatic separation roller 21, so that the particle raw materials to be separated are uniformly scattered on the electrostatic separation roller 21 by the blanking component, high-voltage static electricity generated by the high-voltage generating device is discharged to the grounding electrostatic separation roller 21, metal particles in the particle raw materials are subjected to the action of the static electricity and then put the electricity into the ground through the electrostatic separation roller 21, the inertia of the rotation of the electrostatic separation roller 21 is added, the metal particles are thrown out from the electrostatic separation roller 21, and after the nonmetal particles are electrified, the nonmetal particles are adsorbed on the surface of the rotating electrostatic separation roller 21 due to poor conductive performance, and are swept down by cleaning pieces along with the rotation of the electrostatic separation roller 21, so that the separation between the metal particles and the nonmetal particles is realized; the agglomerate particles formed by adsorption of the metal-nonmetal particles have a certain adsorption force with the electrostatic separation roller 21, the throwing distance of the agglomerate particles from the electrostatic separation roller 21 is smaller than the throwing distance of the metal particles under the action of the adsorption force, or the agglomerate particles are directly adsorbed on the surface of the electrostatic separation roller 21, at the moment, the thrown or adsorbed agglomerate particles and dust in the particle raw materials are sucked into the wind power conveying assembly under the negative pressure wind force generated by the wind power conveying assembly, the agglomerate particles and the dust are conveyed to the separation dust removing assembly under the wind power effect, the separation dust removing assembly separates the agglomerate particles from the dust, the separated agglomerate particles are conveyed into the blanking assembly above the box 11 again, and the blanking assembly conveys the agglomerate particles into the box 11 for secondary separation; when the driving component drives the electrostatic separation roller 21 to rotate and work, the electrostatic separation roller 21 drives the blanking component to synchronously rotate and work, so that the circuit board particle raw materials to be separated are uniformly scattered on the electrostatic separation roller 21 through the rotating blanking component, and the separation effect of the electrostatic separation roller 21 on the particle raw materials can be improved; the unseparated agglomerated particles are recovered and conveyed through the wind power conveying assembly so as to be separated again, and a plurality of electrostatic separation mechanisms 2 are not required to be arranged for separating the particle raw materials for a plurality of times, so that the equipment is more simplified, the equipment volume and the equipment cost can be reduced, and the popularization and the use of the equipment are facilitated; when the material is fed by wind power, not only the agglomerated particles which are agglomerated and adsorbed due to moisture can be air-dried by wind power, but also the agglomerated particles can be mutually collided to be disintegrated and dispersed in the conveying process, so that the agglomeration state of the particles is relieved, and the metal-nonmetal particles in the agglomerated particles are separated under the action of the electrostatic separation roller 21, thereby realizing the fine separation of the metal-nonmetal particles in the circuit board; and when the wind power conveying component adsorbs and conveys the agglomerated particles, the dust in the box 11 is synchronously adsorbed and discharged, so that the dust in the box 11 is removed, and the dust mixed in the particle raw materials generated in the circuit board crushing process is prevented from being scattered and densely distributed in the box 11, so that the normal use of the electrostatic separation mechanism 2 is influenced, and the normal operation of equipment is ensured.
Referring to fig. 1 and 4, in one embodiment, the electrostatic separation mechanism 2 further includes a metal receiving hopper 22 and a non-metal receiving hopper 23 respectively fixedly installed at two sides below the electrostatic separation roller 21, a brush 24 fixedly installed at an inner wall of the box 11 is disposed above the non-metal receiving hopper 23, bristles of the brush 24 are abutted against the surface of the electrostatic separation roller 21, and discharge channels extending to the outside of the box 11 are installed at bottom ends of the metal receiving hopper 22 and the non-metal receiving hopper 23; the driving assembly comprises a motor 25, and the motor 25 is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the box body 11 and is in transmission connection with the electrostatic separation roller 21; when the electrostatic separation mechanism 2 works, the motor 25 drives the electrostatic separation roller 21 to rotate, the electrostatic separation roller 21 throws metal particles into the metal receiving hopper 22 under the action of inertia in the rotating process, and the non-metal particles move to the position of the hairbrush 24 along with the rotating electrostatic separation roller 21, so that the metal particles and the non-metal particles in the receiving hopper are swept down by the hairbrush 24 and fall into the non-metal receiving hopper 23, and then are discharged from discharge channels at the bottom ends of the metal receiving hopper 22 and the non-metal receiving hopper 23 respectively, so that the recovery of the metal particles and the non-metal particles is realized.
Referring to fig. 1-5, in one embodiment, the blanking assembly includes a blanking hopper 16 mounted at the top end of the box 11, a blanking groove 17 is formed at the bottom end of the blanking hopper 16, a blanking roller 18 is rotatably mounted in the blanking groove 17, and the blanking roller 18 is in transmission connection with an electrostatic separation roller 21 through a transmission unit; the transmission unit comprises a rotating shaft 12 and a driving wheel 13, the rotating shaft 12 is fixedly arranged at the end part of a blanking roller 18, and a driven wheel 15 is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft 12; the driving wheel 13 is fixedly arranged at one end of the electrostatic separation roller 21, and the driving wheel 13 is in transmission connection with the driven wheel 15 through a transmission belt 14; wherein, blanking fill 16 is used for receiving and deposits the granule raw materials, and electrostatic separation roller 21 rotatory during operation, drives action wheel 13 synchronous revolution, and action wheel 13 passes through drive belt 14 drive from driving wheel 15 rotation to drive pivot 12 and blanking roller 18 rotation, carry out the disturbance to the granule raw materials in the blanking groove 17 when blanking roller 18 rotates and carry, so that the granule raw materials evenly falls down from blanking groove 17, thereby make granule raw materials evenly scatter on electrostatic separation roller 21's surface, can prevent simultaneously that accumulational granule raw materials from blocking up blanking groove 17, guarantee that blanking groove 17 can last even blanking.
Referring to fig. 1, 3 and 6, in one embodiment, the wind power transmission assembly includes a recovery hopper 31 and a feeding fan 34, where the recovery hopper 31 is fixedly installed below the electrostatic separation roller 21; the feeding fan 34 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end inside the box body 11, the air inlet end of the feeding fan 34 is communicated with the bottom end of the recovery hopper 31 through a negative pressure pipeline 32, and the air outlet end of the feeding fan 34 is provided with a feeding pipeline 33 communicated with the separation dust removal assembly; the separating and dedusting assembly comprises a discharge box 35 and a deduster 36, wherein the discharge box 35 is fixedly arranged at the top end of the box body 11, and a discharge chute 314 positioned above the blanking hopper 16 is arranged at the bottom end of the discharge box 35; the dust remover 36 is connected and arranged on one side of the discharge box 35, a plate frame 316 is arranged between the discharge box 35 and the dust remover 36, and a screen 315 is fixedly arranged on the inner ring of the plate frame 316; when the wind power conveying assembly works, the feeding fan 34 vacuumizes the negative pressure pipeline 32 and the recovery hopper 31 to enable negative pressure suction to be generated in the recovery hopper 31, agglomerated particles and dust are sucked into the recovery hopper 31 through the negative pressure suction, then the agglomerated particles and dust are conveyed into the discharging box 35 through the negative pressure pipeline 32 and the feeding pipeline 33, the feeding wind pressure in the discharging box 35 is reduced due to the fact that the volume of the discharging box 35 is suddenly increased relative to that of the feeding pipeline 33, at the moment, the agglomerated particles fall under the action of self gravity and are conveyed into the blanking hopper 16 through the discharging groove 314, the dust passes through the screen 315 to enter the dust remover 36 under the action of wind power, and clean air is discharged after the dust is filtered by the dust remover 36, so that the dust is prevented from being directly discharged to pollute the air; wherein, screen cloth 315 can keep apart the protection to the agglomerate grain, when the agglomerate grain removes to dust remover 36 direction under the wind-force effect, the agglomerate grain can be intercepted by screen cloth 315 to rebound under the elastic action of screen cloth 315, thereby prevent that the agglomerate grain from getting into dust remover 36, guarantee that the agglomerate grain falls into in the blanking hopper 16 through discharging box 35.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 6 and 7, in one embodiment, the separating and dedusting assembly further includes a reciprocating screw 313, a sliding seat 317 and a transmission member, the reciprocating screw 313 is rotatably installed in the discharge box 35, and the bottom end of the reciprocating screw 313 extends into the box 11 and is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft 12 through the transmission member; the sliding seat 317 is slidably mounted at one end of the plate frame 316 and is in threaded transmission connection with the reciprocating screw rod 313, and an ash cleaning brush 319 positioned at one side of the screen 315 is fixedly mounted at one end of the sliding seat 317; the transmission piece comprises a primary driving bevel gear 37, a transmission shaft 39 and a secondary driven bevel gear 312, wherein the primary driving bevel gear 37 is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating shaft 12; the transmission shaft 39 is rotatably arranged in the box 11, one end of the transmission shaft 39 is fixedly provided with a primary driven bevel gear 38 which is meshed with the primary driving bevel gear 37 for transmission connection, and the other end of the transmission shaft 39 is fixedly provided with a secondary driving bevel gear 310; the secondary driven bevel gear 312 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the reciprocating screw rod 313 and is in meshed transmission connection with the secondary driving bevel gear 310; when the rotating shaft 12 rotates, the primary driving bevel gear 37 is driven to synchronously rotate, the primary driving bevel gear 37 is meshed with the primary driven bevel gear 38 to drive the transmission shaft 39 and the secondary driving bevel gear 310 to rotate, the secondary driving bevel gear 310 is meshed with the secondary driven bevel gear 312 to drive the reciprocating screw 313 to rotate, and the reciprocating screw 313 drives the sliding seat 317 to reciprocate on the surface of the plate frame 316 through screw transmission during rotation, so that the ash cleaning brush 319 is driven to reciprocate on the surface of the screen 315 to clean and remove ash on the surface of the screen 315, the screen 315 is prevented from being blocked by dust to influence ventilation feeding of a wind power transmission assembly and separation of dust, and normal operation of the wind power transmission assembly and a separation dust removal assembly is ensured.
Referring to fig. 6-8, in one embodiment, an opening is formed at the bottom end of the screen 315, a protective baffle 322 is disposed in the opening, an ash receiving hopper 321 is fixedly mounted on the outer side surface of the protective baffle 322, a connecting shaft 323 is fixedly mounted at the end of the ash receiving hopper 321, and the connecting shaft 323 is rotatably mounted on one side of the plate frame 316 through a bearing seat; the connecting shaft 323 is in transmission connection with the sliding seat 317 through a rotary driving piece; the rotary driving piece comprises a gear 318 and a rack 320, the gear 318 is fixedly arranged at one end of a connecting shaft 323, the rack 320 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the sliding seat 317, and the rack 320 is tangent with the inner side edge of the gear 318; when the ash brush 319 lifts to remove ash, part of dust directly passes through the screen 315 to enter the dust remover 36 under the action of wind force, part of dust with larger particle size falls into the dust receiving hopper 321 under the action of gravity, the dust receiving hopper 321 collects the fallen dust, when the sliding seat 317 moves up and down along the plate frame 316, the rack 320 is driven to synchronously lift, when the rack 320 moves down to the position of the gear 318, the rack 320 is in meshed transmission connection with the gear 318 and drives the gear 318 to rotate in the descending process, thereby driving the connecting shaft 323, the dust receiving hopper 321 and the protective baffle 322 to rotate, further enabling the opening of the dust receiving hopper 321 to incline downwards towards the dust remover 36, so that the dust collected in the dust receiving hopper 321 is poured into the dust remover 36 and collected by the dust remover 36, thereby preventing the dust collected in the dust receiving hopper 321 from overflowing outwards into the discharge box 35, and when the rack 320 moves up along with the sliding seat 317, the rack 320 drives the gear 318 to reversely rotate, and the connecting shaft 323, the dust receiving hopper 321 and the protective baffle 322 reversely rotate and reset, so that the dust receiving hopper 321 and the protective baffle 322 recover the dust collecting hopper 321 to be upwards and the dust collecting in the upward state.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above disclosed preferred embodiments of the invention are merely intended to help illustrate the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The waste circuit board fine separation recovery device based on high-voltage electrostatic separation comprises an electrostatic separation box (1) and an electrostatic separation mechanism (2) arranged in the electrostatic separation box (1), and is characterized in that the electrostatic separation box (1) comprises a box body (11), and a blanking component is arranged at the top end of the box body (11);
the electrostatic separation mechanism (2) comprises an electrostatic separation roller (21) and a driving assembly for driving the electrostatic separation roller (21) to rotate, the electrostatic separation roller (21) is rotatably arranged in the box body (11) and is positioned below the blanking assembly, and the electrostatic separation roller (21) is in transmission connection with the blanking assembly;
when the driving assembly drives the electrostatic separation roller (21) to rotate, the electrostatic separation roller (21) drives the blanking assembly to synchronously work, so that the blanking assembly uniformly disperses raw materials to be separated on the electrostatic separation roller (21), and the raw materials are separated by the electrostatic separation roller (21);
the recycling device also comprises a recycling and feeding mechanism (3) for recycling and conveying the agglomerate grains separated from the raw materials;
the recovery feeding mechanism (3) comprises a wind power conveying component and a separation dust removing component, the separation dust removing component is arranged at the top end of the box body (11), one end of the wind power conveying component is arranged below the electrostatic separation roller (21), and the other end of the wind power conveying component is communicated with the separation dust removing component;
the wind power conveying assembly can convey the agglomerated particles and dust separated by raw materials into the separating and dedusting assembly in a sucking way, the separating and dedusting assembly separates the agglomerated particles from the dust, conveys the separated agglomerated particles into the blanking assembly, conveys the separated agglomerated particles into the box body (11) by the blanking assembly, performs electrostatic separation again, and filters the separated dust; the blanking assembly comprises a blanking hopper (16) arranged at the top end of the box body (11), a blanking groove (17) is formed in the bottom end of the blanking hopper (16), a blanking roller (18) is rotatably arranged in the blanking groove (17), and the blanking roller (18) is in transmission connection with the electrostatic separation roller (21) through a transmission unit; the transmission unit comprises a rotating shaft (12) and a driving wheel (13), the rotating shaft (12) is fixedly arranged at the end part of the blanking roller (18), and a driven wheel (15) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (12); the driving wheel (13) is fixedly arranged at one end of the electrostatic separation roller (21), and the driving wheel (13) is in transmission connection with the driven wheel (15) through a transmission belt (14); the separating and dedusting assembly comprises a discharging box (35) and a deduster (36), wherein the discharging box (35) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the box body (11), and a discharging groove (314) positioned above the blanking hopper (16) is formed in the bottom end of the discharging box (35); the dust remover (36) is connected and installed on one side of the discharging box (35), a plate frame (316) is installed between the discharging box (35) and the dust remover (36), and a screen (315) is fixedly installed on the inner ring of the plate frame (316); the separating and dedusting assembly further comprises a reciprocating screw rod (313), a sliding seat (317) and a transmission part, wherein the reciprocating screw rod (313) is rotatably arranged in the discharging box (35), and the bottom end of the reciprocating screw rod (313) extends into the box body (11) and is in transmission connection with the rotating shaft (12) through the transmission part; the sliding seat (317) is slidably mounted at one end of the plate frame (316) and is in threaded transmission connection with the reciprocating screw rod (313), and an ash cleaning brush (319) positioned at one side of the screen (315) is fixedly mounted at one end of the sliding seat (317); the transmission piece comprises a primary driving bevel gear (37), a transmission shaft (39) and a secondary driven bevel gear (312), wherein the primary driving bevel gear (37) is fixedly arranged at one end of the rotating shaft (12); the transmission shaft (39) is rotatably arranged in the box body (11), one end of the transmission shaft (39) is fixedly provided with a primary driven bevel gear (38) which is in meshed transmission connection with a primary drive bevel gear (37), and the other end of the transmission shaft (39) is fixedly provided with a secondary drive bevel gear (310); the secondary driven bevel gear (312) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the reciprocating screw rod (313) and is in meshed transmission connection with the secondary driving bevel gear (310); an opening is formed in the bottom end of the screen (315), a protective baffle (322) is arranged in the opening, an ash receiving hopper (321) is fixedly arranged on the outer side surface of the protective baffle (322), a connecting shaft (323) is fixedly arranged at the end part of the ash receiving hopper (321), and the connecting shaft (323) is rotatably arranged on one side of the plate frame (316) through a bearing seat; the connecting shaft (323) is in transmission connection with the sliding seat (317) through a rotary driving piece; the rotary driving piece comprises a gear (318) and a rack (320), the gear (318) is fixedly arranged at one end of the connecting shaft (323), the rack (320) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the sliding seat (317), and the rack (320) is tangent to the inner side edge of the gear (318).
2. The fine separation and recovery device for waste circuit boards based on high-voltage electrostatic separation according to claim 1, wherein the fine separation and recovery device is characterized in that: the electrostatic separation mechanism (2) further comprises a metal receiving hopper (22) and a nonmetal receiving hopper (23) which are respectively and fixedly arranged on two sides below the electrostatic separation roller (21), a hairbrush (24) fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the box body (11) is arranged above the nonmetal receiving hopper (23), bristles of the hairbrush (24) are abutted to the surface of the electrostatic separation roller (21), and discharging channels extending to the outside of the box body (11) are respectively arranged at the bottom ends of the metal receiving hopper (22) and the nonmetal receiving hopper (23); the driving assembly comprises a motor (25), and the motor (25) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the box body (11) and is in transmission connection with the electrostatic separation roller (21).
3. The fine separation and recovery device for waste circuit boards based on high-voltage electrostatic separation according to claim 1, wherein the fine separation and recovery device is characterized in that: the wind power conveying assembly comprises a recovery hopper (31) and a feeding fan (34), and the recovery hopper (31) is fixedly arranged below the electrostatic separation roller (21); the feeding fan (34) is fixedly arranged at the bottom end inside the box body (11), an air inlet end of the feeding fan (34) is communicated with the bottom end of the recovery hopper (31) through a negative pressure pipeline (32), and a feeding pipeline (33) communicated with the separation dust removal assembly is arranged at an air outlet end of the feeding fan (34).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202310758368.3A CN116550473B (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Waste circuit board fine separation recovery device based on high-voltage electrostatic separation |
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| CN202310758368.3A CN116550473B (en) | 2023-06-26 | 2023-06-26 | Waste circuit board fine separation recovery device based on high-voltage electrostatic separation |
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| CN116550473A (en) | 2023-08-08 |
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