CN116545273A - DC-DC power converter topological structure circuit - Google Patents
DC-DC power converter topological structure circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN116545273A CN116545273A CN202310825383.5A CN202310825383A CN116545273A CN 116545273 A CN116545273 A CN 116545273A CN 202310825383 A CN202310825383 A CN 202310825383A CN 116545273 A CN116545273 A CN 116545273A
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- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 5
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33576—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements having at least one active switching element at the secondary side of an isolation transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/33569—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only having several active switching elements
- H02M3/33571—Half-bridge at primary side of an isolation transformer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a DC-DC power converter topological structure circuit, which comprises a front-stage BUCK circuit module and a rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module; the front stage BUCK circuit module comprises a first BUCK circuit and a second BUCK circuit, the input ends of the first BUCK circuit and the second BUCK circuit are both connected with the anode and the cathode of a direct current bus, the output ends of the first BUCK circuit and the output ends of the second BUCK circuit are connected in parallel in a staggered mode, the rear stage LLC resonant circuit module comprises a first LLC resonant circuit and a second LLC resonant circuit, the input ends of the first LLC resonant circuit and the input ends of the second LLC resonant circuit are connected in series, and the output ends of the first LLC resonant circuit and the output ends of the second LLC resonant circuit are connected in parallel. The topological structure circuit can work in a wide input range with high efficiency, ZVS is realized in a high-frequency mode, and the magnetic elements of the front-stage two-path staggered BUCK inductor and the rear-stage two-path LLC transformer adopt a magnetic integration mode, so that the magnetic devices are fewer and smaller, and the high power density and the light weight of a module power supply are facilitated to be realized easily.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to a topological structure circuit of a DC-DC power converter.
Background
With the development of communication and industrial automation technologies, the power consumption is larger and larger, the voltage requirements of different levels are larger and larger, and the power supply with small volume, high efficiency and high power density is popular in the market. Different voltage input ranges and output voltage class power supplies need to be realized by selecting proper DC-DC topological converters; in order to meet the requirements of the market on a power module with small size, light weight and high power density, the improvement of the switching frequency to reduce the size and the weight of a magnetic part is an effective measure for realizing the light weight of the module, but high frequency has great challenges on a mos tube, particularly under the condition of high-voltage input, the mos tube with higher withstand voltage needs to be selected, however, the conduction and the switching loss of the mos tube are more outstanding as the withstand voltage is higher, and the improvement of the power of the module is severely restricted.
For example, LLC resonant converters, primary side mos implements ZVS (i.e., zero Voltage Switch, zero voltage switching circuit), turn-on can effectively reduce high frequency switching losses, but limits conventional LLC topology circuit applications for wide input requirements. The magnetic element also occupies an important component in the power module, and the traditional magnetic device is large in size and weight, so that the utilization rate and loss of the magnetic device are serious, the miniaturization and the light weight of the module power supply are seriously restricted, and the power module with high power density and high efficiency is difficult to realize.
Based on the above phenomenon, it is therefore necessary to propose a wide range of high voltage input high frequency topology DC-DC topologies.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a topological structure circuit of a DC-DC power supply converter, which can work in a wide input range with high efficiency, realize a ZVS zero-voltage switching circuit in high frequency, and enable magnetic devices to be fewer and smaller by adopting a magnetic integration mode by a front-stage two-path staggered BUCK inductor and a rear-stage two-path LLC transformer magnetic element, thereby being beneficial to easily realizing high power density and light weight of a module power supply.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a DC-DC power converter topology structure circuit comprises a front-stage BUCK circuit module and a rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module; the input end of the front-stage BUCK circuit module is connected with the anode and the cathode of the direct current bus, the output end of the front-stage BUCK circuit module is connected with the input end of the rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module, the output end of the LLC resonant circuit module is connected with a load, the front-stage BUCK circuit module comprises a first BUCK circuit and a second BUCK circuit, the input ends of the first BUCK circuit and the second BUCK circuit are both connected with the anode and the cathode of the direct current bus, the output ends of the first BUCK circuit and the second BUCK circuit are connected in parallel in a staggered mode, the rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module comprises a first LLC resonant circuit and a second LLC resonant circuit, and the input end of the first LLC resonant circuit and the output end of the second LLC resonant circuit are connected in parallel.
Further, the front-stage BUCK circuit module comprises a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a third switching tube Q3, a fourth switching tube Q4, a first choke inductor L1 and a second choke inductor L2, wherein a source electrode of the first switching tube Q1 and one end of the first choke inductor L1 are connected to form a first series circuit, a source electrode of the second switching tube Q2 and one end of the second choke inductor L2 are connected to form a second series circuit, the first series circuit and the second series circuit are connected in parallel, one end, connected with drain electrodes of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2, of the parallel circuit serves as a first input end of the front-stage BUCK circuit module, the other end, connected with the first choke inductor L1 and the second choke inductor L2, of the parallel circuit serves as an output end of the front-stage BUCK circuit module, serves as an input end of the rear-stage BUCK circuit module, and the first switching tube Q1 and the fourth switching tube Q2 serve as a first input end of the front-stage BUCK circuit module, and the drain electrode of the fourth switching tube Q4 serve as a common node of the front-stage BUCK circuit module, and the drain electrode of the fourth switching tube Q4 are connected to the first switching tube Q and the fourth switching tube Q4 respectively.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further scheme are: the front-stage staggered BUCK converter reduces the input voltage to stable direct current with low ripple, and meanwhile, power is dispersed in the two BUCK circuits, so that heat dissipation is easier, and the power level is improved; the staggered BUCK output inductors of the front stage are integrated together in an E-type magnetic core mode, so that the number and the size of magnetic elements are reduced.
Further, the first choke inductor L1 and the second choke inductor L2 are integrated on the same magnetic core in an E-type magnetic core mode.
Furthermore, the output ends of the first BUCK circuit and the second BUCK circuit are respectively connected with filter capacitors C1 and C2 in parallel.
Further, the first LLC resonant circuit and the second LLC resonant circuit have the same structure, the primary side of the first LLC resonant circuit and the primary side of the second LLC resonant circuit are in a series connection structure, the secondary side of the first LLC resonant circuit and the primary side of the second LLC resonant circuit are in a parallel connection structure, coupling inductance current sharing is adopted by the primary side of the first LLC resonant circuit and the primary side of the second LLC resonant circuit, and a magnetic integration mode is adopted by the first resonant transformer of the first LLC resonant circuit and the second resonant transformer of the second LLC resonant circuit.
Further, the first LLC resonant circuit includes a first capacitance unit, a first half-bridge circuit, a first resonant transformer Tr1, and a first rectification circuit; the first capacitor unit and the first half-bridge circuit are connected in parallel to form a first input circuit, the first capacitor unit comprises a first capacitor C5 and a second capacitor C6 which are connected in series, one end of the first capacitor C5 is connected with the output end of the front-stage BUCK circuit, the first half-bridge circuit comprises a fifth switching tube Q5 and a sixth switching tube Q6 which are connected in series, a node connected with the first capacitor C5 and the second capacitor C6 is connected to the primary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1 to serve as a first input end, a node connected with the fifth switching tube Q5 and the sixth switching tube Q6 is connected to the primary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1 to serve as a second input end, and each input end of the first rectifying circuit is connected with a corresponding end of the secondary side of the first resonant transformer Tr 1;
the second LLC resonant circuit comprises a second capacitance unit, a second half-bridge circuit, a second resonant transformer Tr2 and a second rectifying circuit; the second capacitor unit and the second half-bridge circuit are connected in parallel to form a second input circuit, the first input circuit and the second input circuit are connected in series to form a series input circuit, the second capacitor unit comprises a third capacitor C7 and a fourth capacitor C8 which are connected in series, one end of the third capacitor C7 is connected with one end of the second capacitor C6, one end of the fourth capacitor C8 is connected with a common end of the front-stage BUCK circuit, the first half-bridge circuit comprises a seventh switching tube Q7 and an eighth switching tube Q8 which are connected in series, a node connected with the third capacitor C7 and the fourth capacitor C8 is connected to the primary side of the second resonant transformer Tr2 as a first input end, a node connected with the seventh switching tube Q7 and the eighth switching tube Q8 is connected to the primary side of the second resonant transformer Tr2 as a second input end, each input end of the second rectifying circuit is connected with a corresponding end of a secondary side of the second resonant transformer, and the first rectifying circuit and the second rectifying circuit are connected in parallel to output current.
Further, the first LLC resonant circuit further includes a first resonant inductor Lr1, the resonant inductor Lr1 is connected between the nodes of the fifth switching transistor Q5 and the sixth switching transistor Q6 and the primary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1, the second LLC resonant circuit further includes a second resonant inductor Lr2, the second resonant inductor Lr2 is connected between the nodes of the seventh switching transistor Q7 and the eighth switching transistor Q8 and the primary side of the second resonant transformer Tr2, and the first resonant inductor Lr1 and the second resonant inductor Lr2 are coupled.
Further, the first resonant transformer Tr1 and the second resonant transformer Tr2 are secondary side band center tap transformers, and the first rectifying circuit includes a first rectifying switch tube Q9, a first end of which is connected to a first end of a secondary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1, a first wire, a first end of which is connected to a second end of the secondary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1, and a second rectifying switch tube Q10, a first end of which is connected to a third end of the secondary side of the first resonant transformer Tr 2;
the second rectifying circuit comprises a third rectifying switch tube Q11, the first end of which is connected with the first end of the secondary side of the second resonant transformer Tr2, the first end of which is connected with a second lead of the second end of the secondary side of the second resonant transformer Tr2, and the first end of which is connected with a fourth rectifying switch tube Q12 of the third end of the secondary side of the second resonant transformer Tr 2;
the second ends of the first rectifying switch tube Q9, the second rectifying switch tube Q10, the third rectifying switch tube Q11 and the fourth rectifying switch tube Q12 are connected in parallel, so that the first path of output of the rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module is achieved, the second ends of the first lead wire and the second lead wire are connected in parallel, and the second path of output of the LLC resonant circuit is achieved.
Further, the first switching tube Q1, the second switching tube Q2, the third switching tube Q3, the fourth switching tube Q4, the fifth switching tube Q5, the sixth switching tube Q6, the seventh switching tube Q7, the eighth switching tube Q8, the first rectifying switching tube Q9, the second rectifying switching tube Q10, the third rectifying switching tube Q11 and the fourth rectifying switching tube Q12 are all NMOS tubes, and the drains of the first rectifying switching tube Q9, the second rectifying switching tube Q10, the third rectifying switching tube Q11 and the fourth rectifying switching tube Q12 serve as the first ends of the corresponding rectifying elements, and the sources serve as the second ends of the corresponding rectifying elements.
Furthermore, the output ends of the first LLC resonant circuit and the second LLC resonant circuit are respectively connected with filter capacitors C3 and C4 in parallel.
The beneficial effects of the above-mentioned further scheme are: the filter capacitor is used in the power rectifying circuit to filter the AC component and make the output DC smoother.
The application adopts the technical scheme and has the following beneficial effects at least:
the invention adopts a front-stage staggered BUCK circuit structure and a rear-stage compound LLC circuit structure, and can be suitable for occasions of high-voltage wide-range input/low-voltage high-current output: the high-voltage wide-range input is changed into low-voltage narrow-range output after being subjected to staggered BUCK change, the low-voltage narrow-range output is suitable for the input of a rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module, and the rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module realizes low-voltage high-current output;
the output ends of the first BUCK circuit and the second BUCK circuit are connected in parallel in a staggered mode, input voltage is reduced to be stable direct current with low ripple, meanwhile, power is dispersed in the two BUCK circuits, heat dissipation is easier, and power class is improved; the two staggered BUCK inductors of the front stage are integrated together in an E-type magnetic core mode, so that the number and the size of magnetic elements are reduced.
The input end of the rear-stage first LLC resonant circuit is connected in series with the input end of the second LLC resonant circuit, the output ends of the rear-stage first LLC resonant circuit and the second LLC resonant circuit are connected in parallel, and the first resonant transformer and the second resonant transformer adopt a magnetic integration mode. The stress of a primary side switching tube is reduced in a primary side series connection mode by a secondary two-way LLC structure, and the switching tube with low voltage resistance is selected, so that the high frequency is realized more easily in industry; the secondary side adopts a parallel structure, and under the condition of low voltage and high current, heat and power are dispersed on two LLC resonant circuits, so that the heat dissipation effect is better; the resonant transformers of the LLC two-path resonant circuit are integrated on one magnetic core, so that the number and the volume of the magnetic cores are reduced.
The novel topological structure of the first resonant inductor Lr1 and the second resonant inductor Lr2 adopts a coupling inductance form, and the coupling relation can enable the two paths of resonant cavities to realize the effect of automatic current sharing under the condition that devices are not additionally added, so that the problem of uneven flow among modules, which is easy to occur when LLC resonant circuits are expanded in parallel due to the parameter difference of resonant elements, can be effectively solved.
The staggered parallel BUCK and parallel LLC structure adopts a magnetic integration mode, the number of magnetic devices is not increased, heat generated during large-current output can be dispersed, and an excellent scheme is provided for high-power density of a module power supply. The novel topological structure has the advantages of low switching noise, high power density, high efficiency, portability, small volume and wide application range.
The topology structure can work in a wide input range with high efficiency, ZVS is realized in high frequency, and the optimal design and high efficiency utilization of the magnetic components can be realized easily as a module power supply with high power density and light weight.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the topology of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the embodiments shown and described in the drawings are merely illustrative of the principles and spirit of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a topological structure circuit of a DC-DC power converter, which relates to the technical field of DC-DC module power, in particular to a DC-DC topological structure converter with wide input range, high frequency, high power density and self-current equalizing function, wherein the topological structure circuit adopts a BUCK+LLC structure, and a front-stage staggered BUCK structure is suitable for the requirement of a high-voltage wide input range; the rear LLC resonant structure realizes the performance of outputting low-voltage large current; the LLC primary side adopts a series structure, so that the voltage stress of the mos tube is effectively reduced, and a switching tube with low withstand voltage and small parasitic parameter can be selected. The LLC secondary side adopts a parallel structure, so that load current can be effectively split, the whole load distribution and heat distribution are uniform, and the advantages are particularly obvious under the condition of low-voltage and high-current output; the resonant inductor in the two-path LLC structure adopts a coupling inductance mode, thereby not only acting as the resonant inductor, but also passively realizing the current sharing function of the two-path LLC; the LLC stage adopts open loop control to work on a resonance frequency point, so that soft switching of a switching tube can be realized, switching noise is low, high-frequency operation is stable, and miniaturization of a module is easy to realize. The magnetic elements of the front-stage two-path staggered BUCK inductor and the rear-stage two-path LLC transformer adopt a magnetic integration mode, so that the number of magnetic devices is smaller, and the high power density and the light weight of the module power supply are facilitated to be realized easily.
Examples:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a DC-DC power converter topology circuit, which includes a front stage BUCK circuit module and a rear stage LLC resonant circuit module; the input end of the front-stage BUCK circuit module is connected with the anode and the cathode of the direct current bus, the output end of the front-stage BUCK circuit module is connected with the input end of the rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module, the output end of the LLC resonant circuit module is connected with a load, the front-stage BUCK circuit module comprises a first BUCK circuit and a second BUCK circuit, the input ends of the first BUCK circuit and the second BUCK circuit are connected with the anode and the cathode of the direct current bus respectively, the output ends of the first BUCK circuit and the second BUCK circuit are connected in parallel in a staggered mode, the rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module comprises a first LLC resonant circuit and a second LLC resonant circuit, the input end of the first LLC resonant circuit and the input end of the second LLC resonant circuit are connected in series, and the output end of the first LLC resonant circuit and the output end of the second LLC resonant circuit are connected in parallel.
The invention adopts the staggered BUCK+LLC topological structure circuit, can adapt to occasions of high-voltage wide-range input/low-voltage large-current output, changes the high-voltage wide-range input into the low-voltage narrow-range output after the staggered BUCK is changed, adapts to the input of a post-stage LLC topological converter, and realizes the low-voltage large-current output of the post-stage LLC converter. The output ends of the first BUCK circuit and the second BUCK circuit are connected in parallel in a staggered mode, input voltage is reduced to be stable direct current with low ripple, meanwhile, power is dispersed in the two BUCK circuits, heat dissipation is easier, and power class is improved.
The front-stage BUCK circuit module comprises a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a third switching tube Q3, a fourth switching tube Q4, a first choke inductor L1 and a second choke inductor L2, wherein a source electrode of the first switching tube Q1 and one end of the first choke inductor L1 are connected to form a first series circuit, a source electrode of the second switching tube Q2 and one end of the second choke inductor L2 are connected to form a second series circuit, the first series circuit and the second series circuit are connected in parallel, one end, connected with drain electrodes of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2, of the parallel circuit serves as an input end of the front-stage BUCK circuit module, the other end, connected with the first choke inductor L1 and the second choke inductor L2, of the parallel circuit serves as an output end of the front-stage BUCK circuit module, sources of the third switching tube Q3 and the fourth switching tube Q4 serve as input ends of the rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module, the source electrodes of the first switching tube Q1 and the fourth switching tube Q4 serve as input ends of the front-stage BUCK circuit module, and the drain electrodes of the first switching tube Q3 and the fourth switching tube Q4 serve as input ends of the front-stage BUCK circuit module are connected to the first input ends of the front-stage BUCK and the first switching tube Q and the second switching tube Q4 respectively.
The first choke inductor L1 and the second choke inductor L2 are integrated on the same magnetic core in an E-type magnetic core mode, and the number and the size of magnetic elements are reduced.
In order to make the output signals smoother and more stable, the output ends of the first BUCK circuit and the second BUCK circuit of the front stage BUCK circuit module are respectively connected with filter capacitors C1 and C2 in parallel. The first LLC resonant circuit and the second LLC resonant circuit have the same structure, the primary sides of the first LLC resonant circuit and the second LLC resonant circuit are in a series connection structure, the secondary sides of the first LLC resonant circuit and the second LLC resonant circuit are in a parallel connection structure, the primary sides of the first LLC resonant circuit and the second LLC resonant circuit adopt coupling inductance current sharing, and the first resonant transformer of the first LLC resonant circuit and the second resonant transformer of the second LLC resonant circuit adopt a magnetic integration mode.
The first LLC resonant circuit comprises a first capacitance unit, a first half-bridge circuit, a first resonant transformer Tr1 and a first rectifying circuit; the first capacitor unit and the first half-bridge circuit are connected in parallel to form a first input circuit, the first capacitor unit comprises a first capacitor C5 and a second capacitor C6 which are connected in series, one end of the first capacitor C5 is connected with the output end of the front-stage BUCK circuit, the first half-bridge circuit comprises a fifth switch tube Q5 and a sixth switch tube Q6 which are connected in series, the fifth switch tube Q5 and the sixth switch tube Q6 are connected in a mode that a source electrode and a drain electrode are connected, a node connected with the first capacitor C5 and the second capacitor C6 is connected to the primary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1 to serve as a first input end, a node connected with the fifth switch tube Q5 and the sixth switch tube Q6 is connected to the primary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1 to serve as a second input end, and each input end of the first rectifying circuit is connected with a corresponding end of the secondary side of the first resonant transformer Tr 1.
The second LLC resonant circuit comprises a second capacitance unit, a second half-bridge circuit, a second resonant transformer Tr2 and a second rectifying circuit; the second capacitor unit and the second half-bridge circuit are connected in parallel to form a second input circuit, the first input circuit and the second input circuit are connected in series to form a series input circuit, the second capacitor unit comprises a third capacitor C7 and a fourth capacitor C8 which are connected in series, one end of the third capacitor C7 is connected with one end of the second capacitor C6, one end of the fourth capacitor C8 is connected with a common end of the front-stage BUCK circuit, the first half-bridge circuit comprises a seventh switching tube Q7 and an eighth switching tube Q8 which are connected in series, the seventh switching tube Q7 and the eighth switching tube Q8 are connected in a mode that sources and drains are connected, a node connected with the third capacitor C7 and the fourth capacitor C8 is connected to a primary side of the second resonant transformer Tr2 as a first input end, nodes connected with the seventh switching tube Q7 and the eighth switching tube Q8 are connected to primary sides of the second resonant transformer Tr2 as second input ends, the respective input ends of the second rectifying circuits are connected with secondary sides of the second resonant transformer, and the output ends of the first rectifying circuits and the second rectifying circuits are connected in parallel to output currents.
Specifically, one specific structure of the first half-bridge circuit and the second half-bridge circuit is as shown in fig. 1:
the drain electrode of the fifth switching tube Q5 is connected with the first input end of the first half-bridge circuit, the source electrode of the eighth switching tube Q8 is connected with the second input end of the first half-bridge circuit, and the source electrode of the fifth switching tube Q5 and the drain electrode of the sixth switching tube Q6 are respectively connected with the output end of the first half-bridge circuit.
The drain electrode of the seventh switching tube Q7 is connected with the second input end of the second half-bridge circuit, the source electrode of the eighth switching tube Q8 is connected with the first input end of the second half-bridge circuit, and the source electrode of the seventh switching tube Q7 and the drain electrode of the eighth switching tube Q8 are respectively connected with the output end of the second half-bridge circuit.
In one possible implementation manner, referring to fig. 1, the first rectifying circuit includes a first resonant transformer Tr1 and a second resonant transformer Tr2 that are secondary side band center tap transformers, where the first rectifying circuit includes a first rectifying switch Q9 having a first end connected to a first end of a secondary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1, a first wire having a first end connected to a second end of the secondary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1, and a second rectifying switch Q10 having a first end connected to a third end of the secondary side of the first resonant transformer Tr 2.
The second rectifying circuit comprises a third rectifying switch tube Q11, the first end of which is connected with the first end of the secondary side of the second resonant transformer Tr2, the first end of which is connected with a second lead of the second end of the secondary side of the second resonant transformer Tr2, and the first end of which is connected with a fourth rectifying switch tube Q12 of the third end of the secondary side of the second resonant transformer Tr 2; the second ends of the first rectifying switch tube Q9, the second rectifying switch tube Q10, the third rectifying switch tube Q11 and the fourth rectifying switch tube Q12 are connected in parallel, so that the first path output of the rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module is realized, the second ends of the first lead wire and the second lead wire are connected in parallel, and the second path output of the LLC resonant circuit is realized.
The drains of the first rectifying switch tube Q9, the second rectifying switch tube Q10, the third rectifying switch tube Q11 and the fourth rectifying switch tube Q12 serve as first ends of the corresponding rectifying elements, and the sources serve as second ends of the corresponding rectifying elements. Specifically, sources of the first rectifying switch tube Q9 and the second rectifying switch tube Q10 are connected, drains of the first rectifying switch tube Q9 and the second rectifying switch tube Q10 are respectively connected to two output ends of a secondary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1, sources of the third rectifying switch tube Q11 and the fourth rectifying switch tube Q12 are connected, and drains of the third rectifying switch tube Q11 and the fourth rectifying switch tube Q12 are respectively connected to two output ends of a secondary side of the second resonant transformer Tr 2.
The output ends of the first LLC resonant circuit and the second LLC resonant circuit provided by the embodiment of the application are respectively connected with filter capacitors C3 and C4 in parallel, so that the output of the rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module after filtering is realized. The filter capacitor is used in the power rectifying circuit to filter AC component and make the output DC smoother.
The first LLC resonant circuit further includes a first resonant inductor Lr1, the first resonant inductor Lr1 being connected between the node of the fifth switching tube Q5 and the sixth switching tube Q6 and the primary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1, the second LLC resonant circuit further includes a second resonant inductor Lr2, the second resonant inductor Lr2 being connected between the node of the seventh switching tube Q7 and the eighth switching tube Q8 and the primary side of the second resonant transformer Tr2, the first resonant inductor Lr1 and the second resonant inductor Lr2 being coupled. The novel topological structure of the first resonant inductor Lr1 and the second resonant inductor Lr2 adopts a coupling inductance form, and the coupling relation can enable two paths of resonant cavities to realize an automatic current sharing effect under the condition that devices are not additionally added, so that the problem that current sharing among modules is not easy to occur when LLC resonant circuits are expanded in parallel due to the parameter difference of resonant elements can be effectively solved.
The first switching tube Q1, the second switching tube Q2, the third switching tube Q3, the fourth switching tube Q4, the fifth switching tube Q5, the sixth switching tube Q6, the seventh switching tube Q7, the eighth switching tube Q8, the first rectifying switching tube Q9, the second rectifying switching tube Q10, the third rectifying switching tube Q11 and the fourth rectifying switching tube Q12 may be of various kinds, for example, may include a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (metal oxide semiconductor, MOS) or an insulated gate bipolar transistor (Insulated GateBipolar Transistor, IGBT). It should be understood that, although the technical solution provided in the embodiment of the present application is described in fig. 1 by taking an NMOS transistor as an example, the present application is not limited to the type of the switching transistor, and other corresponding electronic components may be implemented, and these simple substitutions do not depart from the protection scope of the present application.
In addition, in the embodiment of the present application, if the rectifying element is a switching transistor, the switching on and switching off of the rectifying element may be triggered by an external circuit, and the specific structure of the external circuit may include a controller, or may include other hardware circuits, etc., which are not described herein again.
In the technical scheme provided by the embodiment, the front-stage staggered BUCK circuit module reduces the input voltage to be low-ripple stable direct current, and meanwhile, power is dispersed in two BUCK circuits, so that heat dissipation is easier, and the power class is improved; the staggered BUCK output inductors of the front stage are integrated together in an E-type magnetic core mode, so that the number and the size of magnetic elements are reduced. The primary side of the rear LLC resonant circuit module is connected with two direct current capacitors in series to construct direct current input of two half-bridges, negative feedback formed by the direct current input of the two half-bridges plays a role in inhibiting the problem of non-current sharing of the two modules, and the passive automatic current sharing realized by sharing the same resonant inductor through the two resonant cavities is combined. In addition, because the primary side is input in series, the voltage division and the secondary side is output in parallel, and the current increase can be realized, the scheme can be better suitable for the technical scenes of medium-high voltage input and larger current output.
The foregoing is only illustrative of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting thereof, but rather as various modifications, equivalent arrangements, improvements, etc., within the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The topological structure circuit of the DC-DC power converter is characterized by comprising a front-stage BUCK circuit module and a rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module; the input end of the front-stage BUCK circuit module is connected with the anode and the cathode of the direct current bus, the output end of the front-stage BUCK circuit module is connected with the input end of the rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module, the output end of the LLC resonant circuit module is connected with a load, the front-stage BUCK circuit module comprises a first BUCK circuit and a second BUCK circuit, the input ends of the first BUCK circuit and the second BUCK circuit are both connected with the anode and the cathode of the direct current bus, the output ends of the first BUCK circuit and the second BUCK circuit are connected in parallel in a staggered mode, the rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module comprises a first LLC resonant circuit and a second LLC resonant circuit, and the input end of the first LLC resonant circuit and the output end of the second LLC resonant circuit are connected in parallel.
2. The DC-DC power converter topology circuit according to claim 1, wherein the pre-stage BUCK circuit module includes a first switching tube Q1, a second switching tube Q2, a third switching tube Q3, a fourth switching tube Q4, a first choke inductor L1, and a second choke inductor L2, one ends of the source of the first switching tube Q1 and the first choke inductor L1 are connected to form a first series circuit, one ends of the source of the second switching tube Q2 and the second choke inductor L2 are connected to form a second series circuit, the first series circuit and the second series circuit are connected in parallel, one ends of the drains of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 of the parallel circuit are connected as an input terminal of the pre-stage BUCK circuit module, the other ends of the first choke inductor L1 and the second choke inductor L2 of the parallel circuit are connected as an output terminal of the pre-stage BUCK circuit module, the first LLC inductor L1 and the second choke inductor L2 are connected as an output terminal of the pre-stage BUCK circuit module, and the first LLC transistor Q1 and the fourth switching tube Q2 are connected to an intermediate terminal of the DC bus 3 and the drain of the DC switching tube Q4 are connected in series, respectively.
3. A DC-DC power converter topology according to claim 2, characterized in that the first choke inductance L1 and the second choke inductance L2 are integrated on the same core using an E-core approach.
4. The DC-DC power converter topology circuit of claim 2, wherein the output terminals of said first and second BUCK circuits are further connected in parallel with filter capacitors C1, C2, respectively.
5. The DC-DC power converter topology circuit according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first LLC resonant circuit and the second LLC resonant circuit have the same structure, primary sides of the first LLC resonant circuit and the second LLC resonant circuit are in a series structure, secondary sides of the first LLC resonant circuit and the second LLC resonant circuit are in a parallel structure, primary sides of the first LLC resonant circuit and the second LLC resonant circuit adopt coupling inductance current sharing, and a first resonant transformer of the first LLC resonant circuit and a second resonant transformer of the second LLC resonant circuit adopt a magnetic integration mode.
6. The DC-DC power converter topology circuit of claim 5, wherein said first LLC resonant circuit comprises a first capacitive unit, a first half-bridge circuit, a first resonant transformer Tr1, and a first rectifying circuit; the first capacitor unit and the first half-bridge circuit are connected in parallel to form a first input circuit, the first capacitor unit comprises a first capacitor C5 and a second capacitor C6 which are connected in series, one end of the first capacitor C5 is connected with the output end of the front-stage BUCK circuit, the first half-bridge circuit comprises a fifth switch tube Q5 and a sixth switch tube Q6 which are connected in series, a node connected with the first capacitor C5 and the second capacitor C6 is connected with the primary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1 as a first input end, a node connected with the fifth switch tube Q5 and the sixth switch tube Q6 is connected with the primary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1 as a second input end, each input end of the first rectifying circuit is connected with a corresponding end of the secondary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1,
the second LLC resonant circuit comprises a second capacitance unit, a second half-bridge circuit, a second resonant transformer Tr2 and a second rectifying circuit; the second capacitor unit and the second half-bridge circuit are connected in parallel to form a second input circuit, the first input circuit and the second input circuit are connected in series to form a series input circuit, the second capacitor unit comprises a third capacitor C7 and a fourth capacitor C8 which are connected in series, one end of the third capacitor C7 is connected with one end of the second capacitor C6, one end of the fourth capacitor C8 is connected with a common end of the front-stage BUCK circuit, the first half-bridge circuit comprises a seventh switching tube Q7 and an eighth switching tube Q8 which are connected in series, a node connected with the third capacitor C7 and the fourth capacitor C8 is connected to the primary side of the second resonant transformer Tr2 as a first input end, a node connected with the seventh switching tube Q7 and the eighth switching tube Q8 is connected to the primary side of the second resonant transformer Tr2 as a second input end, each input end of the second rectifying circuit is connected with a corresponding end of a secondary side of the second resonant transformer, and the first rectifying circuit and the second rectifying circuit are connected in parallel to output current.
7. A DC-DC power converter topology circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that the first LLC resonant circuit further comprises a first resonant inductance Lr1, said resonant inductance Lr1 being connected between the node of the fifth switching tube Q5 and the sixth switching tube Q6 and the primary side of the first resonant transformer Tr1, said second LLC resonant circuit further comprises a second resonant inductance Lr2, said second resonant inductance Lr2 being connected between the node of the seventh switching tube Q7 and the eighth switching tube Q8 and the primary side of the second resonant transformer Tr2, said first resonant inductance Lr1 and second resonant inductance Lr2 being coupled.
8. The DC-DC power converter topology circuit of claim 7, wherein said first resonant transformer Tr1 and said second resonant transformer Tr2 are side-band center tap transformers, said first rectifying circuit comprising a first rectifying switch Q9 having a first end connected to a first end of a secondary side of said first resonant transformer Tr1, a first conductor having a first end connected to a second end of a secondary side of said first resonant transformer Tr1, and a second rectifying switch Q10 having a first end connected to a third end of a secondary side of said first resonant transformer Tr 2;
the second rectifying circuit comprises a third rectifying switch tube Q11, the first end of which is connected with the first end of the secondary side of the second resonant transformer Tr2, the first end of which is connected with a second lead of the second end of the secondary side of the second resonant transformer Tr2, and the first end of which is connected with a fourth rectifying switch tube Q12 of the third end of the secondary side of the second resonant transformer Tr 2;
the second ends of the first rectifying switch tube Q9, the second rectifying switch tube Q10, the third rectifying switch tube Q11 and the fourth rectifying switch tube Q12 are connected in parallel, so that the first path of output of the rear-stage LLC resonant circuit module is achieved, the second ends of the first lead wire and the second lead wire are connected in parallel, and the second path of output of the LLC resonant circuit is achieved.
9. The DC-DC power converter topology circuit of claim 8, wherein the first switching tube Q1, the second switching tube Q2, the third switching tube Q3, the fourth switching tube Q4, the fifth switching tube Q5, the sixth switching tube Q6, the seventh switching tube Q7, the eighth switching tube Q8, the first rectifying switching tube Q9, the second rectifying switching tube Q10, the third rectifying switching tube Q11, and the fourth rectifying switching tube Q12 are NMOS tubes, drains of the first rectifying switching tube Q9, the second rectifying switching tube Q10, the third rectifying switching tube Q11, and the fourth rectifying switching tube Q12 are first ends of the corresponding rectifying elements, and sources are second ends of the corresponding rectifying elements.
10. A DC-DC power converter topology circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the output terminals of the first and second LLC resonant circuits are also connected in parallel with filter capacitors C3, C4, respectively.
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