CN116545248A - Low-temperature starting method of switching power supply, charging pile and power supply equipment - Google Patents
Low-temperature starting method of switching power supply, charging pile and power supply equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN116545248A CN116545248A CN202310772329.9A CN202310772329A CN116545248A CN 116545248 A CN116545248 A CN 116545248A CN 202310772329 A CN202310772329 A CN 202310772329A CN 116545248 A CN116545248 A CN 116545248A
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- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 19
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/36—Means for starting or stopping converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/007—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage
- H02J7/00712—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters
- H02J7/007182—Regulation of charging or discharging current or voltage the cycle being controlled or terminated in response to electric parameters in response to battery voltage
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/327—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection against abnormal temperatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/42—Circuits or arrangements for compensating for or adjusting power factor in converters or inverters
- H02M1/4208—Arrangements for improving power factor of AC input
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-temperature starting method of a switching power supply, the switching power supply, a charging pile and power supply equipment, wherein the low-temperature starting method of the switching power supply comprises the following steps: collecting the ambient temperature; when the ambient temperature is lower than a preset temperature value, determining that the switching power supply is in a low-temperature starting state, and controlling the PFC circuit to start working; acquiring output voltage parameters and output current parameters of the PFC circuit, and acquiring a phase difference value between the voltage and the current of the PFC circuit according to the voltage parameters and the output current parameters; adjusting the duty ratio of a switching tube in the PFC circuit according to the phase difference value; when the phase difference value is lower than a preset power factor, the DCDC circuit is controlled to start to work.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of switching power supplies, in particular to a low-temperature starting method of a switching power supply, the switching power supply, a charging pile and power supply equipment.
Background
Currently, when the switching power supply is applied to public charging equipment such as automobile charging piles, the switching power supply is usually arranged outdoors, so that the switching power supply has to face different environments and weather. In autumn and winter or in windy weather, the switching power supply can be in a low-temperature environment for a long time, and the performance of electronic components such as transistors, diodes, electrolytic capacitors and the like is usually reduced at low temperature because the common electronic components are greatly influenced by temperature, so that the power factor of the switching power supply is too low when the switching power supply is started, the output of the switching power supply is influenced, and the switching power supply cannot work normally.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a low-temperature starting method of a switching power supply, which aims to enable the switching power supply to be normally started in a low-temperature environment so as to supply power to electric equipment.
In order to achieve the above object, the low-temperature starting method of a switching power supply provided by the invention is applied to the switching power supply, wherein the switching power supply comprises a DCDC circuit and a PFC circuit, and the low-temperature starting method of the switching power supply comprises the following steps:
collecting the ambient temperature;
when the ambient temperature is lower than a preset temperature value, determining that the switching power supply is in a low-temperature starting state, and controlling the PFC circuit to start working;
acquiring output voltage parameters and output current parameters of the PFC circuit, and acquiring a phase difference value between the voltage and the current of the PFC circuit according to the voltage parameters and the output current parameters;
adjusting the duty ratio of a switching tube in the PFC circuit according to the phase difference value;
and when the power factor corresponding to the phase difference value reaches a preset power factor, controlling the DCDC circuit to start working.
Optionally, the process of controlling the start-up operation of the PFC circuit specifically includes:
and outputting a driving signal with a preset working frequency to the PFC circuit so as to drive the PFC circuit to carry out power factor correction on the accessed direct current power supply with the preset working frequency.
Optionally, the switching power supply further includes an output control circuit, the output control circuit is connected in series between the output end of the DCDC circuit and the output end of the switching power supply, and the switching power supply low-temperature starting method further includes:
acquiring electricity consumption information of electric equipment;
obtaining the lowest charging voltage of the electric equipment according to the electricity consumption information;
and after the DCDC circuit works, collecting the output voltage of the DCDC circuit, and controlling the output control circuit to connect the output end of the DCDC circuit with the output end of the switching power supply when the output voltage of the DCDC circuit reaches the minimum charging voltage so as to control the switching power supply to output normally.
Optionally, the low-temperature starting method of the switching power supply further comprises the following steps:
when the input end of the switching power supply is electrically connected with the battery, acquiring a preset under-voltage value matched with the preset temperature value according to the preset temperature value and the corresponding relation among the preset temperature value and the voltage value of the battery;
detecting the actual voltage value of a battery, and controlling the switching power supply to normally output when the actual voltage value of the battery reaches the preset under-voltage value of the battery.
The invention also proposes a switching power supply comprising: the system comprises a temperature sensor, a controller, a PFC circuit and a DCDC circuit;
the controller is electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the PFC circuit and the DCDC circuit respectively; the controller is also integrated with a memory, and the memory stores a switching power supply low-temperature starting program, and when the switching power supply low-temperature starting program is executed by the controller, the switching power supply low-temperature starting method is realized.
Optionally, the switching power supply further includes:
the PFC voltage sampling circuit is characterized in that a sampling end of the PFC voltage sampling circuit is connected with an output end of the PFC circuit, and an output end of the PFC voltage sampling circuit is electrically connected with the controller and is used for collecting output voltage of the PFC circuit and outputting a corresponding PFC voltage sampling signal to the controller;
the controller is further configured to adjust a duty ratio of a switching tube in the PFC circuit according to the received PFC voltage sampling signal until a difference between a current phase and a voltage phase output by the PFC circuit is less than a preset phase difference.
Optionally, the switching power supply further includes:
the output end of the DCDC voltage sampling circuit is electrically connected with the controller and is used for collecting the output voltage of the DCDC circuit and outputting a corresponding DCDC voltage sampling signal to the controller;
the controller is further configured to adjust a switching frequency of the DCDC circuit according to the received DCDC voltage sampling signal until an output voltage of the DCDC circuit reaches a preset output voltage.
Optionally, the switching power supply further comprises a circuit board, a power supply box and an inner wall;
the temperature sensor, the controller, the PFC circuit and the DCDC circuit are all arranged on the circuit board;
the circuit board is arranged in the power supply box, and an insulation layer is arranged between the power supply box and the inner wall.
The invention further provides a charging pile which comprises the switching power supply.
The invention also provides power supply equipment comprising the switching power supply.
According to the technical scheme, when the switching power supply is started at a low temperature, the PFC circuit and the rectifying circuit are made to work independently, the PFC circuit is regulated, and the phase difference between the current and the voltage output by the PFC circuit is obtained by collecting the output current waveform and the output voltage waveform of the PFC circuit and is used as a negative feedback parameter for regulating the PFC circuit. The duty ratio of a switching tube in the PFC circuit is regulated to correct the current waveform input into the PFC circuit, so that the PFC circuit can reduce the influence of devices such as internal inductance and capacitance at low temperature, the direct current output by the rectifying power supply is subjected to power factor correction processing, and the phase difference between output voltage and output current is reduced, thereby avoiding that the current output by the DCDC circuit cannot be output to meet the power consumption requirement of electric equipment because of overlarge phase difference with the voltage, and the normal work of the switching power supply at low temperature is influenced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to the structures shown in these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a low-temperature start method of a switching power supply according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of another embodiment of a low-temperature start method of the switching power supply of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a low temperature start method of a switching power supply according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a low temperature start method of a switching power supply according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of a switching power supply of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a switching power supply of the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate:
the achievement of the objects, functional features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in conjunction with the embodiments.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Furthermore, descriptions such as those referred to as "first," "second," and the like, are provided for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implying an order of magnitude of the indicated technical features in the present disclosure. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions of the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base that the technical solutions can be realized by those skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of the technical solutions should be considered to be absent and not within the scope of protection claimed in the present invention.
Currently, when the switching power supply is applied to public charging equipment such as automobile charging piles, the switching power supply is usually arranged outdoors, so that the switching power supply has to face different environments and weather. In autumn and winter or in windy weather, the switching power supply can be in a low-temperature environment for a long time, and the performance of electronic components such as transistors, diodes, electrolytic capacitors and the like is usually reduced at low temperature because the common electronic components are greatly influenced by temperature, so that the power factor of the switching power supply is too low when the switching power supply is started, the output of the switching power supply is influenced, and the switching power supply cannot work normally.
The invention provides a low-temperature starting method of a switching power supply, which is applied to the switching power supply.
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment, the switching power supply includes a DCDC circuit and a PFC circuit, when the switching power supply works, an alternating current input to the switching power supply is rectified by the rectifying circuit, then power factor correction is performed by the PFC (power factor correction) circuit, and finally the current after the power factor correction is subjected to frequency conversion by the DCDC circuit, so as to output a current required by electric equipment. Because a large number of transistors exist in the rectifying circuit and the PFC circuit, if the switching power supply is in a low-temperature environment, the capacitance value of the capacitor is reduced, the inductance value of the inductor is increased, and the work of the transistors such as the switching tube and the diode is affected, so that the PFC circuit cannot normally perform power factor correction on the power supply output by the rectifying circuit, and the voltage and the current output by the PFC circuit to the DCDC module have phase differences, and under the condition, the current output by the DCDC circuit cannot meet the requirements of electric equipment due to the fact that the excessive phase difference exists between the current and the voltage.
In order to solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a low-temperature starting method for a switching power supply, including:
s100, collecting the ambient temperature;
in this embodiment, the temperature detection module integrated in the controller may collect an ambient temperature value of an environment where the switching power supply is located, or may set a temperature sensor in the switching power supply, so that an input end of the controller is connected to an output end of the temperature sensor, and a current temperature value of the environment where the switching power supply is located is collected by an external temperature sensor and output to the controller, so that the controller may obtain the current temperature value of the environment where the switching power supply is located.
S200, when the ambient temperature is lower than a preset temperature value, determining that the switching power supply is in a low-temperature starting state, and controlling the PFC circuit to start working;
in this embodiment, when the switching power supply operates in an environment of normal temperature, such as 20 ℃, 35 ℃, and the like, the PFC circuit is directly controlled to operate with the DCDC circuit when the controller receives the enable control signal, and the operating frequencies of the PFC circuit and the DCDC circuit are not intentionally limited. However, when the switching power supply is placed in a low-temperature environment, for example, when the switching power supply is applied to a charging pile, the geographic position of the charging pile is high, or the internal elements of the PFC circuit can be influenced in autumn and winter, so that the PFC circuit cannot normally perform power factor correction on the power supply output by the rectifying circuit. If the PFC circuit and the DCDC circuit are started together at this time, the power supply input into the DCDC circuit cannot normally perform power factor correction, so that a phase difference exists between the voltage and the current, and when the DCDC circuit outputs the power supply to the electric equipment, the power consumption requirement of the electric equipment cannot be met because the phase difference between the voltage and the current of the power supply is overlarge.
Therefore, another starting mode is set in the low-temperature environment corresponding to the switching power supply in the embodiment, and when the environment where the switching power supply is located is detected to be lower than the preset low-temperature value according to the received environment temperature value, the switching power supply is determined to be in the low-temperature environment, namely, the switching power supply is in a low-temperature starting state. When the switching power supply is in a low-temperature starting state, the controller outputs a driving control signal to the PFC circuit, and controls the PFC circuit to work independently, so that the output power supply of the PFC circuit is corrected, and the PFC circuit is prevented from outputting a power supply with overlarge phase difference between voltage and current to the DCDC circuit.
The preset temperature value is determined by a researcher and a developer according to the low-temperature performance of different switching power supplies during design, for example, the switching power supplies with the outputs being affected at-20 ℃ can be from-15 ℃ to-40 ℃. In addition, considering that an electrolytic capacitor is arranged in the PFC circuit, the electrolytic capacitor can reduce a capacitance value in a low-temperature environment, if the working frequency of the PFC circuit is too high, the electrolytic capacitor can be impacted by high-energy current, and ripple waves of output current of the PFC circuit can be too large. Therefore, when the switching power supply starts the PFC circuit in a low-temperature starting state, the switching power supply can be started by adopting lower working frequencies of 25KHz, 30KHz and the like so as to prevent a large amount of ripple interference of the power supply output to the DCDC circuit.
S300, obtaining output voltage parameters and output current parameters of the PFC circuit, and obtaining a phase difference value between the voltage and the current of the PFC circuit according to the voltage parameters and the output current parameters;
it can be understood that in the switching power supply, after the alternating current accessed by the switching power supply passes through the full-bridge rectifying circuit, the alternating current is filtered through capacitive filtering, so that the current flowing into the PFC circuit generates ripple waves, the waveforms of the voltage and the current are inconsistent, voltage hysteresis current is caused, and phase difference is generated. And because the power factor of the power supply is the cosine value of the phase difference between the current and the voltage, when the phase difference between the current and the voltage output by the PFC circuit is smaller, the power factor of the power supply output by the PFC circuit is higher, and the duty ratio of the reactive power of the power utilization load in the actual power is smaller.
Therefore, in order to enable the power supply output by the PFC circuit to supply power to the electric equipment after being processed by the DCDC circuit, the reactive power of the electric equipment can be reduced as much as possible, and the PFC circuit is firstly regulated after being electrified so as to reduce the problem that the performance of the PFC circuit is changed due to the influence of low temperature on the internal elements, so that the output current and voltage have an excessive phase difference. Specifically, a PFC voltage sampling circuit and a PFC current sampling circuit are disposed in the switching power supply of this embodiment, where the PFC voltage sampling circuit is configured to collect a voltage waveform output by the PFC circuit, and the PFC current sampling circuit is configured to collect a current waveform output by the PFC circuit, so that a controller obtains a phase difference between a current and a voltage output by the PFC circuit according to the received current waveform and the voltage waveform, and controls the PFC circuit to correct the accessed current waveform according to the phase difference.
S400, adjusting the duty ratio of a switching tube in the PFC circuit according to the phase difference value;
it should be noted that, in the PFC circuit, an energy storage inductor is provided, when a switching tube in the PFC circuit is turned on, the ac current only passes through the energy storage inductor, and the current of the energy storage inductor rises; when a switching tube in the PFC circuit is turned off, the current stored in the inductor supplies power to the capacitor and the load through the diode, so that the duty ratio of the switching tube in the switching tube is adjusted, the waveform of the current flowing through the energy storage inductor can be adjusted, and the following of the current to the voltage is realized.
In this embodiment, the PFC circuit may correct the accessed current waveform by adjusting the duty ratio of the internal switching tube, when the current is affected by the ripple and is low, the current may be increased by extending the on time of the switching tube, and when the current is affected by the ripple and is high, the current may be decreased by reducing the on time of the switching tube, so as to correct the input current waveform according to the output voltage waveform, and reduce the phase difference between the output current and the voltage.
And S500, controlling the DCDC circuit to start working when the power factor corresponding to the phase difference reaches a preset power factor.
In this embodiment, the preset power factor is set by a developer according to an application object of the charging pile during design, for example, when power is supplied to an electric device with low power quality requirements such as a vehicle-mounted power supply and a motor, the preset power factor can be reduced to a lower power factor value such as 0.7 and 0.8, and when the electric device is applied to an electric device with high power quality requirements such as a mobile phone charger, the preset power factor is increased to 0.9.
And obtaining a cosine value of a current and voltage phase difference, namely a power factor of a power supply output by the PFC circuit, by the controller according to the received output current waveform and output voltage waveform of the PFC circuit. The controller compares the obtained power factor with a preset power factor, when the power factor reaches the preset power factor, the PFC circuit can normally correct the power factor of the full-bridge rectified direct current, a driving control signal is output to the DCDC circuit at the moment, the DCDC circuit is controlled to start working at a switching frequency of dozens of KHz, the switching frequency is gradually adjusted according to the power supply voltage required by electric equipment, and therefore the DCDC circuit can output the power supply voltage required by the electric equipment.
According to the technical scheme, when the switching power supply is started at a low temperature, the PFC circuit and the rectifying circuit are made to work independently, the PFC circuit is regulated, and the phase difference between the current and the voltage output by the PFC circuit is obtained by collecting the output current waveform and the output voltage waveform of the PFC circuit and is used as a negative feedback parameter for regulating the PFC circuit. The duty ratio of a switching tube in the PFC circuit is regulated to correct the current waveform input into the PFC circuit, so that the PFC circuit can reduce the influence of devices such as internal inductance and capacitance at low temperature, the direct current output by the rectifying power supply is subjected to power factor correction processing, and the phase difference between output voltage and output current is reduced, thereby avoiding that the current output by the DCDC circuit cannot be output to meet the power consumption requirement of electric equipment because of overlarge phase difference with the voltage, and the normal work of the switching power supply at low temperature is influenced.
Referring to fig. 1 to 2, in an embodiment, the process of controlling the start-up operation of the PFC circuit specifically includes:
s210, outputting a driving signal with a preset working frequency to the PFC circuit so as to drive the PFC circuit to perform power factor correction on the accessed direct current power supply with the preset working frequency.
It will be appreciated that in PFC circuits, electrolytic capacitors are typically provided, which are affected in low temperature environments, resulting in a reduced capacitance value. Therefore, after the PFC circuit is started, the switching frequency in the normal temperature mode cannot be directly used for driving the PFC circuit, otherwise, the PFC circuit can directly flow through a large-energy current due to the electrolytic capacitor, so that the ripple is overlarge, and the current output by the PFC circuit is influenced.
In this embodiment, when the switching power supply is started at low temperature, the PFC circuit is first made to operate at a lower switching frequency of 25KHz, 30KHz, etc. (generally, the lowest switching frequency of the PFC circuit is generally 25 KHz), so that a preset operating frequency representing the lower switching frequency may be preset in the controller, and the preset operating frequency is set by a developer according to a current range that can be borne by the electrolytic capacitor used at low temperature during design. When the PFC circuit works, the PFC circuit is controlled to be kept at a preset working frequency for 1-2 minutes, so that the energy accumulation process of an electrolytic capacitor in the PFC circuit can be ensured, the activity of electrolyte of the electrolytic capacitor is increased, the energy of the capacitor is increased, and abnormal protection of overcurrent or overvoltage and the like caused by insufficient energy and overlarge ripple of a power supply during full-load startup is avoided.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in an embodiment, the switching power supply further includes an output control circuit connected in series between an output terminal of the DCDC circuit and an output terminal of the switching power supply, and the switching power supply low temperature start method further includes:
s610, acquiring electricity consumption information of electric equipment;
s620, obtaining the lowest power supply voltage of the electric equipment according to the electric energy consumption;
and S630, after the DCDC circuit works, collecting the output voltage of the DCDC circuit, and controlling the output control circuit to connect the output end of the DCDC circuit with the output end of the switching power supply when the output voltage of the DCDC circuit reaches the minimum charging voltage so as to control the switching power supply to normally output.
It can be understood that in the switching power supply, there are a large number of devices, such as electrolytic capacitors, inductors, and the like, which are susceptible to temperature, and in a low-temperature environment, the capacitance value of the electrolytic capacitor is reduced, so that the storage capacity of the electrolytic capacitor for the capacitor is reduced. This may possibly result in a lower pump up voltage of the switching power supply when it is in operation, which in turn may affect the output voltage of the switching power supply, failing to reach the nominal supply voltage of the consumer.
However, when the electric equipment is charged, the electric equipment can not work until reaching the rated power supply voltage marked in the specification, in fact, the power supply voltage capable of enabling the electric equipment to work normally is a section capable of fluctuating, generally speaking, the section can fluctuate by-10% ± 10% of the rated power supply voltage, that is, if the specification of the electric equipment identifies that the rated voltage is 12V, in practice, the electric equipment can work in a voltage range of 10.8-13.2V. Therefore, in this embodiment, the lowest threshold of the fluctuation interval is set to the lowest charging voltage of the corresponding switching power supply, when the switching power supply is connected to the electric equipment, communication connection can be established between the switching power supply and the electric equipment through a communication module integrated in the controller, and the rated voltage of the electric equipment during operation can be determined by receiving the electric information output by the electric equipment, so that the lowest power supply voltage which can be supported by the electric equipment is calculated according to the rated voltage value, the DCDC circuit is controlled to operate, and the switching frequency of the DCDC circuit is regulated until the output voltage of the DCDC circuit can reach the lowest power supply voltage.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, in an embodiment, the switching power supply low temperature start method further includes:
s710, when the input end of the switching power supply is electrically connected with the battery, acquiring a preset under-voltage value matched with the preset temperature value according to the preset temperature value and the corresponding relation among the preset temperature value and the voltage value of the battery;
s720, detecting the actual voltage value of the battery, and controlling the switching power supply to normally output when the actual voltage value of the battery reaches the preset under-voltage value.
In this embodiment, the switching power supply may supply power by ac power output from the power grid, or may supply power by dc power output from the battery.
It can be understood that, when the switching power supply works, the internal controller is usually provided with an under-voltage protection program, and when the output voltage of the switching power supply is lower than a preset under-voltage value, the controller executes the corresponding under-voltage protection program to control the DCDC circuit to stop outputting. And when the charging pile is arranged at a high latitude in winter, if the power grid is in power failure, the switching power supply can only adopt the standby battery to supply power to the vehicle-mounted battery and the like, when the power is supplied through the battery, as the temperature has a larger influence on the charging and discharging performance of the battery, the lower the temperature is, the lower the reactivity of chemical substances in the battery is, the lower the voltage output by the battery is, namely, the environmental temperature value is in a direct proportion relation with the actual voltage output by the battery, and the switching power supply can possibly be caused to have excessively low power supply voltage, and the output voltage of the switching power supply can not reach the preset under-voltage value no matter how the switching frequency is regulated, so that the switching power supply stops working. The new energy automobile can not be charged in severe winter environment, so that the electric quantity of the vehicle-mounted battery is insufficient, and a user can not start the automobile.
In the embodiment, a preset low-temperature under-voltage value is set in the control of the switch power supply, and when the preset low-temperature under-voltage value is designed by a researcher, the preset low-temperature under-voltage value is set according to the lowest voltage output by the switch power supply under different environments when the switch power supply is powered by a battery, for example, when the lowest voltage of the switch power supply can output 24V, the preset under-voltage value can be set to 19V; and if the switching power supply can output 20V at the lowest, a preset undervoltage value of 15V can be set. Therefore, as long as the actual voltage output by the switching power supply is not lower than the preset under-voltage value, the power supply of the electric equipment can still be continued.
The invention also provides a switching power supply, which comprises a temperature sensor 110, a controller 120, a rectifying circuit 130, a PFC circuit 140 and a DCDC circuit 150, wherein the rectifying circuit 130, the PFC circuit 140 and the DCDC circuit 150 are connected in series between the input end and the output end of the switching power supply, and the controller 120 is respectively and electrically connected with the temperature sensor 110, the PFC circuit 140 and the DCDC circuit 150; the controller 120 is further integrated with a memory, and the memory stores a switching power supply low-temperature starting program, and the controller implements the switching power supply low-temperature starting method when executing the switching power supply low-temperature starting program; with specific reference to the foregoing embodiments, the present charging pile adopts all the technical solutions of all the foregoing embodiments, so at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the foregoing embodiments, which are not described in detail herein.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in an embodiment, the switching power supply further includes:
the PFC voltage sampling circuit 160, a sampling end of the PFC voltage sampling circuit 160 is connected to an output end of the PFC circuit 140, and an output end of the PFC voltage sampling circuit 160 is electrically connected to the controller 120, and is configured to collect an output voltage of the PFC circuit 140 and output a corresponding PFC voltage sampling signal to the controller 120;
the controller 120 is further configured to adjust the switching frequency of the PFC circuit 140 according to the received PFC voltage sampling signal until a difference between a current phase and a voltage phase output by the PFC circuit 140 is less than a preset phase difference.
In this embodiment, when the switching power supply is started at low temperature, the PFC circuit 140 is first made to operate at a lower switching frequency, so that a preset operating frequency representing the lower switching frequency may be preset in the controller 120, and the preset operating frequency is set by a developer according to a current range that the electrolytic capacitor can withstand at low temperature during design. After the PFC circuit 140 is operated and maintained at the preset operating frequency for 1-2 minutes, the controller 120 controls the PFC voltage sampling circuit 160 to operate, so as to collect the output voltage of the PFC circuit 140, and output a corresponding PFC voltage sampling signal to the controller 120.
The controller 120 determines the current output voltage phase and current phase of the PFC circuit 140 according to the received PFC voltage sampling signal, and obtains the phase difference between the output voltage and the output current as a negative feedback parameter for adjusting the PFC circuit 140. By performing negative feedback adjustment on the PFC circuit 140, the PFC circuit 140 corrects the influence of devices such as an internal inductor and a capacitor, which are generated at low temperature, so that the PFC circuit 140 can perform power factor correction on the direct current output by the rectified power supply, and reduce the phase difference between the output voltage and the output current.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, in an embodiment, the switching power supply further includes:
the DCDC voltage sampling circuit 170, wherein a sampling end of the DCDC voltage sampling circuit 170 is connected with an output end of the DCDC circuit 150, and an output end of the DCDC voltage sampling circuit 170 is electrically connected with the controller 120, and is used for collecting an output voltage of the DCDC circuit 150 and outputting a corresponding DCDC voltage sampling signal to the controller 120;
the controller 120 is further configured to adjust the switching frequency of the DCDC circuit 150 according to the received DCDC voltage sampling signal until the output voltage of the DCDC circuit 150 reaches a preset output voltage.
In this embodiment, after the controller 120 determines that the PFC circuit 140 can normally perform the power factor correction on the input power according to the phase difference between the voltage and the current output by the PFC circuit 140, the controller 120 controls the DCDC circuit 150 to start working, that is, the DCDC voltage sampling circuit 170 starts to collect the output voltage of the DCDC circuit 150 and outputs a corresponding DCDC voltage sampling signal.
When the switching power supply is connected to the electric equipment, a communication module in the controller 120 establishes communication connection with the electric equipment to obtain the lowest power supply voltage which can be supported by the connected electric equipment, so that the switching frequency of the DCDC circuit 150 is adjusted according to the received DCDC voltage sampling signal until the output voltage of the DCDC circuit 150 is determined to be the lowest power supply voltage required by the electric equipment according to the received DCDC voltage sampling signal.
Referring to fig. 1 to 6, in an embodiment, the switching power supply further includes a circuit board 240, a power box 210, and an inner wall 220;
the temperature sensor 110, the controller 120, the rectifying circuit 130, the PFC circuit 140, and the DCDC circuit 150 are all disposed on the circuit board 240;
the circuit board 240 is disposed in the power box 210, and an insulation layer 230 is disposed between the power box 210 and the inner wall 220.
In this embodiment, the material of the heat preservation layer 230 is polyurethane, which can effectively preserve heat inside in a low-temperature environment, prevent the internal components from being affected by low temperature and from being unable to be started, and improve the use effect.
The invention also provides a charging pile which comprises the switch power supply, and the specific structure of the switch power supply refers to the embodiment, and as the charging pile adopts all the technical schemes of all the embodiments, the charging pile at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical schemes of the embodiments, and the details are not repeated.
The invention also provides a power supply device, which comprises the switch power supply, and the specific structure of the switch power supply refers to the embodiment, and because the power supply device adopts all the technical schemes of all the embodiments, the power supply device at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical schemes of the embodiments, and the detailed description is omitted.
The foregoing description is only of the optional embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all the equivalent structural changes made by the description of the present invention and the accompanying drawings or the direct/indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The low-temperature starting method of the switching power supply is applied to the switching power supply, and the switching power supply comprises a DCDC circuit and a PFC circuit, and is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
collecting the ambient temperature;
when the ambient temperature is lower than a preset temperature value, determining that the switching power supply is in a low-temperature starting state, and controlling the PFC circuit to start working;
acquiring output voltage parameters and output current parameters of the PFC circuit, and acquiring a phase difference value between the voltage and the current of the PFC circuit according to the voltage parameters and the output current parameters;
adjusting the duty ratio of a switching tube in the PFC circuit according to the phase difference value;
and when the power factor corresponding to the phase difference value reaches a preset power factor, controlling the DCDC circuit to start working.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of controlling the start-up of the PFC circuit comprises:
and outputting a driving signal with a preset working frequency to the PFC circuit so as to drive the PFC circuit to carry out power factor correction on the accessed direct current power supply with the preset working frequency.
3. The switching power supply low temperature start-up method according to claim 1, wherein the switching power supply further includes an output control circuit connected in series between an output terminal of the DCDC circuit and an output terminal of the switching power supply, the switching power supply low temperature start-up method further comprising:
acquiring electricity consumption information of electric equipment;
obtaining the lowest charging voltage of the electric equipment according to the electricity consumption information;
and after the DCDC circuit works, collecting the output voltage of the DCDC circuit, and controlling the output control circuit to connect the output end of the DCDC circuit with the output end of the switching power supply when the output voltage of the DCDC circuit reaches the minimum charging voltage so as to control the switching power supply to output normally.
4. The switching power supply low-temperature start-up method according to claim 1, wherein the switching power supply low-temperature start-up method further comprises:
when the input end of the switching power supply is electrically connected with the battery, acquiring a preset under-voltage value matched with the preset temperature value according to the preset temperature value and the corresponding relation among the preset temperature value and the voltage value of the battery;
detecting the actual voltage value of a battery, and controlling the switching power supply to normally output when the actual voltage value of the battery reaches the preset under-voltage value of the battery.
5. A switching power supply, the switching power supply comprising: the device comprises a temperature sensor, a controller, a rectifying circuit, a PFC circuit and a DCDC circuit;
the rectification circuit, the PFC circuit and the DCDC circuit are connected in series between the input end and the output end of the switching power supply, and the controller is respectively and electrically connected with the temperature sensor, the PFC circuit and the DCDC circuit; the controller is also integrated with a memory, and the memory stores a switching power supply low-temperature starting program, and when the switching power supply low-temperature starting program is executed by the controller, the switching power supply low-temperature starting method according to any one of claims 1-4 is realized.
6. The switching power supply of claim 5 wherein said switching power supply further comprises:
the PFC voltage sampling circuit is characterized in that a sampling end of the PFC voltage sampling circuit is connected with an output end of the PFC circuit, and an output end of the PFC voltage sampling circuit is electrically connected with the controller and is used for collecting output voltage of the PFC circuit and outputting a corresponding PFC voltage sampling signal to the controller;
the controller is further configured to adjust a duty ratio of a switching tube in the PFC circuit according to the received PFC voltage sampling signal until a difference between a current phase and a voltage phase output by the PFC circuit is less than a preset phase difference.
7. The switching power supply of claim 5 wherein said switching power supply further comprises:
the output end of the DCDC voltage sampling circuit is electrically connected with the controller and is used for collecting the output voltage of the DCDC circuit and outputting a corresponding DCDC voltage sampling signal to the controller;
the controller is further configured to adjust a switching frequency of the DCDC circuit according to the received DCDC voltage sampling signal until an output voltage of the DCDC circuit reaches a preset output voltage.
8. The switching power supply of claim 5 wherein said switching power supply further comprises a circuit board, a power supply box and an inner wall;
the temperature sensor, the controller, the PFC circuit and the DCDC circuit are all arranged on the circuit board;
the circuit board is arranged in the power supply box, and an insulation layer is arranged between the power supply box and the inner wall.
9. A charging pile comprising a switching power supply as claimed in any one of claims 5 to 8.
10. A power supply device comprising a switching power supply as claimed in any one of claims 5-8.
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