CN1165444A - 识别波分复用光学网络中故障的方法 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/29—Repeaters
- H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
- H04B10/2912—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form characterised by the medium used for amplification or processing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
- H04B10/077—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using a supervisory or additional signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/07—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems
- H04B10/075—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal
- H04B10/079—Arrangements for monitoring or testing transmission systems; Arrangements for fault measurement of transmission systems using an in-service signal using measurements of the data signal
- H04B10/0795—Performance monitoring; Measurement of transmission parameters
- H04B10/07955—Monitoring or measuring power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/29—Repeaters
- H04B10/291—Repeaters in which processing or amplification is carried out without conversion of the main signal from optical form
- H04B10/293—Signal power control
- H04B10/294—Signal power control in a multiwavelength system, e.g. gain equalisation
- H04B10/296—Transient power control, e.g. due to channel add/drop or rapid fluctuations in the input power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
- H04J14/00—Optical multiplex systems
- H04J14/02—Wavelength-division multiplex systems
- H04J14/0221—Power control, e.g. to keep the total optical power constant
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Abstract
在采用了光放大器的WDM网络中,一种检测掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA)中信道数目变化的方法,其中这种信道数目的变化是由于故障或系统结构引起的。根据本发明的技术,一个信号信道的功率和由本地EDFA’s产生的放大的自发辐射功率都受到监视。
Description
本申请是1996年2月16日提交的题为“识别WDM光学网络中故障的方法”在先申请60/023,665的继续申请。
本发明总体上涉及光纤通信网络,更具体地讲,涉及监视这种网络中所用光纤线路性能特性的方法。
在基于透过式传输光学的有掺铒光纤放大器(EDFA’s)的WDM光学网络中,大量信号可以同时分路地进行传输。在这种网络中,需要在因设备或网络结构变化及网络故障而导致信道增加或丢失时,确保其他工作信道不受损害。由于EDFA’s饱和度特性的缘故,需要调整EDFA的增益,以使信道的功率保持在可接受的范围内。
设备和/或网络结构的改变可以是增加或损失信道,但是原则上讲,这些变化可以由网络控制和管理(NC&M)系统预知和校正。然而,还需要检测系统故障出现时的状态,因为它们不能由NC&M系统控制或预见到。这些故障很可能是由于光学传输线路中的信道不足或失效所致。当出现这两种问题时,要确定将被检测的对象,以进行适合的测量。
仅监视一个信道功率或者监视所有信道的全部功率,不能提供足以确定进行适当校正所需的信息。上游光损耗或上游光放大器输出功率的变化,不能从信道的减少/增加来鉴别,然而两者又需要截然不同的校正。适合的方法是确定现存的信道数。一种可能性是多路复用这些信道(或在传输线路中或在分接头之后),并分别检测各个信道的情况。但是这种方法复杂而昂贵。
根据本发明,上述缺陷将被克服,并且通过监视信道数目变化和所有信道公共的功率变化这样一个方法,带来技术上的进步。
由于该系统传输的信号功率和本地EDFA产生的放大的自发辐射(ASE)功率,在信道数目变化时表现得很相似,但当上游损耗变化时它们又表现得很不同,所以这种检测是可行的。也就是说,如果上游损耗变化了,监视器信道和ASE的功率变化是相反的。如果增加或减少了一或多个信道,监视器信道和ASE的功率变化是同方向的。
本发明的上述特征与优点,将通过结合附图对几个优选实施例的说明而更为清楚,其中:
图1描述了一个示例的光学网络,根据本发明,它采用一个第一分布反馈(DFB)激光器作为多信号信道源,并采用一个第二DFB激光器作为监视器信道源;
图2是一个曲线图,它描述了当信道数减少时,图1的多个信道和示例的系统中放大的自发辐射(ASE)测量结果;及
图3是一个曲线图,它描述了当信道数减少时,图1示例的系统中ASE功率的测量结果。
图1示意性地表示了用于示例的WDM光学网络10。如图1中所看到的,工作于1552.6nm的第一DFB激光器12用做监视器信道源,而工作于1557.8nm的第二DFB激光器14用于模拟其他信号信道。两个被泵浦激励的中级放大器,即采用一对980nm泵浦源的两级EDFA’s[16,18],用于放大DFB激光器发出的光,以使每个信道都可以获得适合的输出功率值。这些输出功率按照有八个信号信道的网络而设定,其每一个信道在示例性EDFA20的输入端有3.5dBm的功率,该EDFA20与两个输入EDFA’s结构相似。通过调节泵浦功率,EDFA20的增益定为10.5dB。当所有八个信道都存在时,总输入功率是5.5dBm,而总输出功率是16dBm。
10%的分接头22被置于EDFA的输出端,以监视和分析其输出功率。在图1的示例性结构中,监视器信道和ASE,由其后接有滤波器26,28的带通WDM24选出。为了精确地测量ASE,使用了两个滤波器,以便使ASE的以1525.9nm为中心大约1nm的全波半最大值(FWHM)频带透过去。EDFA中的中级滤波器,阻挡本区域内上游EDFA’s产生的ASE。因此,要测量的ASE功率仅仅是第二级EDFA中已经产生的那部分。
当失去多个信道时,监视系统所获得的功率是图2所绘出的样子。当失去一个信道时,由于放大器有更高的增益,监视器信道中的功率和ASE信道中的功率都增加大约0.5dB。这个变化很大,足以进行实际的检测了。如果失去的信道越多,就有越多的放大器输出功率可被重新分布到较少的其余信道中。这意味着:每个余下的信道功率增加很多,对比之下信道数目的检测更为便利。监视器信道中的功率变化比ASE的功率变化大,这是因为监视器信道中的信号通过了两级EDFA,而ASE是在第二级初次产生的。
在图1的示例性结构中,如上所述其中采用了两个带通滤波器,所以被测的ASE功率比实际系统中有的小。但是这个功率被认为够大了,足以说明本发明的方法。例如,采用单一一个窄带通滤波器,预计ASE功率将改善至少3dB,该带通滤波器的中心波长位于被两级EDFA的中级滤波器所阻挡的波长区内。
图3表示了当总的输入功率减少时监视系统所得到的功率。当上游损耗增加时,由于输入功率比较低而使监视器信道的功率减少,同时由于较低的饱和度及其较大的增益而使ASE功率增加。如果这种损耗增加3dB,监视器信道的功率将减小约0.5dB,而ASE信道功率将增加2dB以上。于是这种监视器信道和ASE功率的变化截然相反的情况,能够与两者变化相同时的信道数减少的情况区分开。
如本领域普通技术人员所能迅速理解的,本文所讨论的本发明的方法意味着存在一个适合的监视器信道。在一些光学网络中,有一个信道是由NC&M内部使用的。在这种网络中,这个信道永远存在,用它作为监视器信道是一个理想的选择。当然对于没有这样的优选信道存在的网络而言,可以选择一个信号信道作为监视器信道。万一原来的监视器信号信道丢失了,监视器信道必须被转换到一个存在的信道中。
上游损耗和信号信道的五种情况被列于表1中。
表1
监视器信道功率 | ASE功率 | |
上游损耗↑ | ↓ | ↑ |
上游损耗↓ | ↑ | ↓ |
其他信道数目↑ | ↓ | ↓ |
其他信道数目↓ | ↑ | ↑ |
监视器信道的丢失 | 0 | ↑ |
本领域的普通技术人员从前文可以迅速地了解到,本发明的方法允许网络维护人员在WDM网络的任何一个放大器处监视所存在的信道数目。为了优化工作信道的性能,这种监视可以有效地调节该放大器的增益,比如通过调节第二级泵浦功率。
从前文所述,应该清楚地可知,本发明不局限于上述仅仅作为举例而存在的实施例,而且可以是包括在所附权利要求书限定的保护范围内的各种方式的改进。
Claims (7)
1.一种运行光通信网络的方法,该网络包括一个具有一上游端和一下游端的光通信线路,及至少一个沿着该通信线路的光放大器,其方法包含:
在所述上游端与下游端之间传输一波分复用光信号,所述的波分复用光信号具有一组光信道;
在所述的至少一个光放大器处接收所述的波分复用光信号;
在第一监视步骤中,监视所述一组光信道中第一信道的信号功率;以及
在第二监视步骤中,监视所述至少一个光放大器产生的放大的自发辐射(ASE)功率变化。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中光放大器是一个掺铒光纤放大器。
3.权利要求1的方法,还包含调整所述至少一个光放大器增益的步骤,所述的增益调整步骤是响应于所述第一光信道功率和所述至少一个光放大器产生的ASE功率的增加而进行的。
4.权利要求1的方法,其中所述的第二监视步骤是通过对光信号实行带通滤波而实现的。
5.权利要求1的方法,其中所述一组光信道中的至少一个是用数字数据调制的。
6.权利要求5的方法,还包含在所述下游端接收所述多路复用光信号的步骤。
7.一种监视光放大器中所存在的光信道数目的方法,该光放大器沿着通信网络的光通信线路设置,所述的通信线路具有一个上游端和一个下游端,该方法包括:
在第一监视步骤,监视波分复用光信号中一组光信道之中的一个信道内信号功率的改变;以及
在第二监视步骤,监视光放大器产生的放大的自发辐射(ASE)功率变化。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US2366596P | 1996-02-16 | 1996-02-16 | |
US08/733,591 US6008915A (en) | 1996-02-16 | 1996-10-18 | Method of identifying faults in WDM optical networks |
US733591 | 1996-10-18 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1165444A true CN1165444A (zh) | 1997-11-19 |
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CN97102195A Pending CN1165444A (zh) | 1996-02-16 | 1997-02-13 | 识别波分复用光学网络中故障的方法 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US6008915A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0790718A3 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1165444A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2195034C (zh) |
Cited By (3)
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WO2006128386A1 (fr) * | 2005-06-03 | 2006-12-07 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Procede pour effectuer une protection de securite contre le rayonnement laser, un amplificateur optique et procede pour ajouter un signal identificateur |
WO2007065368A1 (fr) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-06-14 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Procede, appareil, et systeme de traitement de panne de ligne a fibres optiques |
WO2007107065A1 (fr) * | 2006-03-20 | 2007-09-27 | Zte Corporation | Système d'optimisation de puissance de la couche de multiplexage optique et procédé correspondant |
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US5898801A (en) | 1998-01-29 | 1999-04-27 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Optical transport system |
JPH10327108A (ja) * | 1997-05-23 | 1998-12-08 | Nec Corp | Nb−wdmシステムおよびnb−wdmシステムの波長数設定方式 |
US6545799B1 (en) | 1998-09-02 | 2003-04-08 | Corning Incorporated | Method and apparatus for optical system link control |
US6115154A (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2000-09-05 | Telcordia Technologies, Inc. | Method and system for detecting loss of signal in wavelength division multiplexed systems |
AU4653699A (en) | 1998-11-06 | 2000-05-29 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for optical communication monitoring, optical amplifier system, method of controlling optical amplifier system, and optical communication system |
KR20000037800A (ko) * | 1998-12-02 | 2000-07-05 | 정선종 | 편광에 무관한 광 역다중화기 |
US6571030B1 (en) | 1999-11-02 | 2003-05-27 | Xros, Inc. | Optical cross-connect switching system |
US6597826B1 (en) | 1999-11-02 | 2003-07-22 | Xros, Inc. | Optical cross-connect switching system with bridging, test access and redundancy |
US6650803B1 (en) | 1999-11-02 | 2003-11-18 | Xros, Inc. | Method and apparatus for optical to electrical to optical conversion in an optical cross-connect switch |
US6882765B1 (en) | 1999-11-02 | 2005-04-19 | Xros, Inc. | Connection protection between clients and optical cross-connect switches |
US6792174B1 (en) | 1999-11-02 | 2004-09-14 | Nortel Networks Limited | Method and apparatus for signaling between an optical cross-connect switch and attached network equipment |
JP2001285323A (ja) * | 2000-04-03 | 2001-10-12 | Hitachi Ltd | 光ネットワーク |
EP1133082A1 (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2001-09-12 | Corning Incorporated | Optical monitoring system |
DE10146001B4 (de) * | 2001-09-18 | 2008-04-03 | Nokia Siemens Networks Gmbh & Co.Kg | Schaltungsanordnung und Verfahren zur Sicherheitsabschaltung eines optischen Verstärkers |
WO2006005174A1 (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2006-01-19 | Tropic Networks Inc. | A method for network commissioning using amplified spontaneous emission (ase) sources |
JP4625372B2 (ja) | 2005-05-26 | 2011-02-02 | 富士通株式会社 | 光伝送装置およびその導通試験方法並びに光伝送システム |
EP3098988B1 (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2019-01-09 | Alcatel Lucent | Reliable and flexible optical device for loading ase signal between multiplexed channels in a transmission line, and associated apparatus |
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US5117303A (en) * | 1990-08-23 | 1992-05-26 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Method of operating concatenated optical amplifiers |
US5128800A (en) * | 1991-06-19 | 1992-07-07 | At&T Bell Laboratories | Gain switchable optical fiber amplifier |
FR2703531B1 (fr) * | 1993-03-30 | 1995-05-19 | Cit Alcatel | Dispositif d'évaluation de la qualité de transmission d'un équipement amplificateur optique. |
US5394265A (en) * | 1993-10-25 | 1995-02-28 | At&T Corp. | In-line two-stage erbium doped fiber amplifier system with in-band telemetry channel |
US5513029A (en) * | 1994-06-16 | 1996-04-30 | Northern Telecom Limited | Method and apparatus for monitoring performance of optical transmission systems |
CA2155693C (en) * | 1994-08-25 | 1999-12-14 | Daniel A. Fishman | Performance monitoring and fault location in optical transmission systems |
-
1996
- 1996-10-18 US US08/733,591 patent/US6008915A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1997
- 1997-01-14 CA CA002195034A patent/CA2195034C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-02-11 EP EP97300870A patent/EP0790718A3/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-02-13 CN CN97102195A patent/CN1165444A/zh active Pending
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2006128386A1 (fr) * | 2005-06-03 | 2006-12-07 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Procede pour effectuer une protection de securite contre le rayonnement laser, un amplificateur optique et procede pour ajouter un signal identificateur |
US8036538B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2011-10-11 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Method and optical amplifier for laser safety protection and method for loading identification signal |
WO2007065368A1 (fr) * | 2005-12-09 | 2007-06-14 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Procede, appareil, et systeme de traitement de panne de ligne a fibres optiques |
CN1852052B (zh) * | 2005-12-09 | 2010-04-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | 光纤线路故障下游告警的抑制方法、装置及系统 |
US8254778B2 (en) | 2005-12-09 | 2012-08-28 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Method, apparatus and system for handling fiber line fault |
WO2007107065A1 (fr) * | 2006-03-20 | 2007-09-27 | Zte Corporation | Système d'optimisation de puissance de la couche de multiplexage optique et procédé correspondant |
CN101043288B (zh) * | 2006-03-20 | 2011-09-21 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 一种光复用层功率优化系统及其方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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US6008915A (en) | 1999-12-28 |
CA2195034A1 (en) | 1997-08-17 |
EP0790718A2 (en) | 1997-08-20 |
EP0790718A3 (en) | 2002-02-27 |
CA2195034C (en) | 2002-12-17 |
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