CN116542079A - Microsecond-level full-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear extensible method and device - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a microsecond-level full-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear extensible method and device, and belongs to the technical field of power system simulation. According to the invention, for the computing units distributed on the same node machine, communication is carried out through the shared memory supported by the MPI, communication jitter is very small, and for the computing units distributed on different node machines, a brand-new cross-node machine communication scheme based on daemon merging signal transmission is designed, an electromagnetic transient real-time simulation algorithm corresponding to the cross-node machine communication scheme is designed, the stability and continuity of data transmission are ensured, and the full electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear extensible simulation of the cross-node machine is realized as a whole. The method solves the technical problem that the simulation bottom layer communication technology has main restriction on large-scale electromagnetic transient real-time simulation along with the increase of the simulation scale.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power system simulation, in particular to a microsecond-level full-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear extensible method and device.
Background
The shortage of traditional energy and the enhancement of environmental awareness are driving global energy patterns to change. With the spanning development of new energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like in China, the installed capacity of the new energy sources in the electric power system is increasingly improved. Meanwhile, large new energy bases and load centers in China are reversely distributed, renewable energy power generation is greatly developed, and the construction of large-capacity cross-large-area extra-high voltage alternating current and direct current long-distance power transmission channels is particularly important. The rapid development of new energy power generation and high-voltage direct current transmission drives the power electronization degree of each part of a power system 'source-network-load' to be improved year by year, and the power system gradually develops to high-proportion new energy power generation and high-proportion power electronic equipment. The complex operating characteristics of "dual high" power systems present challenges for safe and stable operation. The problems of safety and stability in the operation practice of new energy sources such as overvoltage, fault ride-through, inertia and frequency dynamic, subsynchronous and supersynchronous oscillation and the like continuously occur, and meanwhile, the new problems such as commutation failure and the like can occur in direct current transmission. The rapid transient process of the power electronic equipment is coupled through large grid interweaving, and the system dynamic problems are continuously complicated due to the fact that different problems are interweaved with each other. The method is influenced by a power electronic device switching process and a rapid control protection logic, the time range of a transient process covers microsecond to second, the traditional electromechanical transient simulation and electromechanical-electromagnetic hybrid simulation are difficult to accurately describe, and microsecond full-electromagnetic transient modeling and simulation technology must be used.
However, as the fineness of the equipment model of the full electromagnetic transient is greatly improved and split-phase description is adopted, meanwhile, the simulation step length of the full electromagnetic transient is tens of microseconds, and the simulation calculation scale is increased by thousands of times compared with the existing electromechanical transient simulation.
The electromagnetic transient real-time simulation of microsecond level can be realized only by means of large-scale parallel simulation with huge calculation scale. Subnet-based parallelism is the main technical route for parallel simulation. The subnetwork parallel is to divide the whole network needing electromagnetic transient real-time simulation into a plurality of different subnetworks, the subnetworks are connected with each other through power transmission lines, the different subnetworks can perform calculation in a single step in parallel, and meanwhile, after the simulation single-step iterative calculation is finished, the subnetworks interact with the subnetworks to transmit voltages, currents and other needed information on the power transmission lines. From the ideal mathematical method, the subnet-based simulation can realize complete parallel computation, thereby greatly improving the simulation efficiency.
However, these subnets are required to be carried on a specific emulated hardware basis. Along with the continuous expansion of the simulation calculation scale, the number of the subnets is rapidly increased from original several subnets to hundreds and thousands of subnets, the subnets are required to be carried on the actual physical CPU hardware for calculation, and the number of the physical CPUs of the whole simulation task is hundreds or thousands. Under such a huge parallel hardware computing system, the communication synchronization time between CPUs at different positions is greatly increased, resulting in a great reduction in the parallel synchronization efficiency. Through testing, the same traffic per subnet spends 4-5 times more communication time in a 30 CPU scenario than in a dual CPU scenario. And the maximum communication delay between different node hosts is even more than 100 times of the communication in the node hosts.
Therefore, a microsecond-level full-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear extensible method and device based on a cross-node machine are needed to be provided, and the main restriction of a simulation bottom layer communication technology on large-scale electromagnetic transient real-time simulation is solved along with the increase of simulation scale.
The prior proposal provides a large-scale electromagnetic transient real-time simulation communication method of a PC Cluster based on MPI. MPI is a cross-language communication protocol used to write parallel computers. Supporting point-to-point and broadcast. The objectives of MPI are high performance, large scale, and portability. MPI is still today the main model for high performance computing. Meanwhile, MPI is a messaging programming model and is a representative and in fact standard for such programming models. MPI is bulky. But its final purpose is to serve the goal of inter-process communication.
For example, patent application CN101794993a discloses a real-time parallel computing platform for power grid simulation based on MPI, and on the basis of introducing real-time operating system RTLinux, the invention provides a method for constructing a real-time parallel computing platform for power grid simulation by real-time modification of upper power grid simulation computing application module, MPICH parallel environment and GM software, thereby providing real-time parallel simulation computation of strict step length for large-scale power system, reducing the time jitter times and amplitude of step length, and ensuring that ultra-real time and hard real-time dynamic simulation can be performed on the power system.
However, the process tasks on the different node machines accomplish the synchronization of the communication and algorithm across the nodes by directly calling the point-to-point communication function of the MPI, mpi_send (), and mpi_recv ().
The interaction and synchronization of signals between different subnets of electromagnetic transient simulation are also completed by directly calling MPI_Send () and MPI_Recv () when needed, and when a remote machine calls MPI_Send (), the opposite machine must wait for completion of MPI_Recv (), before the opposite machine can jump out to continue the following calculation task.
Because the encapsulated point-to-point communication functions of MPI_Send () and MPI_Recv () are adopted, the MPI library encapsulates the point-to-point information, when the cross-node machine transmits, each point-to-point communication task can call the Socket communication function of the operating system kernel, the Socket communication process needs to be executed preferentially, if the information density is large and the number is large, the preferential execution can seriously interfere the normal user state thread calculation of the operating system, and the unavoidable communication jitter and synchronous jitter are generated, so that the electromagnetic transient real-time simulation of the cross-node machine in a large scale cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a microsecond full-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear extensible method and device.
According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a microsecond-level all-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear scalable method, comprising:
dividing the whole power grid into a plurality of local power grids, wherein each local power grid comprises a plurality of node machines, each object on each node machine is a calculation unit for performing electromagnetic transient simulation calculation, and the calculation units on each node machine need to interact current data and voltage data of ports with the calculation units on other node machines belonging to the same local power grid;
a daemon is deployed on each node machine, wherein the daemon establishes two shared memory port data areas for each computing unit with cross-node machine communication requirements, the first shared memory port data area is used for storing data sent by the computing unit to an external computing unit, and the second shared memory port data area is used for storing data received by the computing unit and sent by the external computing unit;
designing a transmission line with a simulation step length greater than 1 as a transmission line port of two computing units with a cross-node machine communication requirement, wherein the simulation step length of the transmission line port is used for transmitting voltage data and current data of one computing unit port with the cross-node machine communication requirement to the other computing unit port with the cross-node machine communication requirement;
Starting a sending thread and a receiving thread in a daemon, after a computing unit of a current node machine writes data into a first shared memory port data area, collecting target data written into the first shared memory port data area by all computing units of the current node machine through the sending thread, and transmitting the target data to another node machine through a transmission line port; and collecting the data message received by the current node machine through the receiving thread, and storing the collected data message into a second shared memory port data area.
Optionally, the equation of the transmission line port is as follows:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the A-port at time n +.>For the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the B-port at time n +.>For the incident voltage of the A-port, +.>For reflected voltage from the opposite port of the A-port,/or>Incident voltage for B port, +.>For the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the B-port, m is the delay step, +.>For the inflow current of the B port, Z 0 Is the natural impedance of the transmission line.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and starting a main thread in the daemon, wherein the main thread is used for bearing the starting of the daemon environment, reading communication information and starting management work.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and designing a buffer zone of the transmission line according to the signal delay time at two sides of the transmission line.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and designing a user state pipeline algorithm aiming at the buffer area, wherein one end of the user state pipeline is used for reading data, and the other end of the user state pipeline is used for writing data, so that the data flow in the buffer area has the characteristic of first-in first-out.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a microsecond-level all-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear scalable device, comprising:
the dividing module is used for dividing the whole power grid into a plurality of local power grids, each local power grid comprises a plurality of node machines, each object on each node machine is a calculation unit for electromagnetic transient simulation calculation, and the calculation units on each node machine need to interact current data and voltage data of ports with the calculation units on other node machines belonging to the same local power grid;
the deployment module is used for deploying a daemon on each node machine, wherein the daemon establishes two pieces of shared memory port data areas for each computing unit with cross-node machine communication requirements, the first piece of shared memory port data area is used for storing data sent by the computing unit to an external computing unit, and the second piece of shared memory port data area is used for storing data received by the computing unit and sent by the external computing unit;
The transmission line design module is used for designing a transmission line with a simulation step length of more than 1 as a transmission line port of two computing units with the cross-node machine communication requirement, and the simulation step length of the transmission line port is used for transmitting voltage data and current data of one computing unit port with the cross-node machine communication requirement to the other computing unit port with the cross-node machine communication requirement;
the data transmission module is used for starting a sending thread and a receiving thread in the daemon, after the computing unit of the current node machine writes data into the first shared memory port data area, collecting target data written into the first shared memory port data area by all computing units of the current node machine through the sending thread, and transmitting the target data to another node machine through a transmission line port; and collecting the data message received by the current node machine through the receiving thread, and storing the collected data message into a second shared memory port data area.
Optionally, the equation of the transmission line port is as follows:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the A-port at time n +.>For the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the B-port at time n +. >For the incident voltage of the A-port, +.>For reflected voltage from the opposite port of the A-port,/or>Incident voltage for B port, +.>For the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the B-port, m is the delay step, +.>For the inflow current of the B port, Z 0 Is the natural impedance of the transmission line.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: and the starting module is used for starting the main thread in the daemon, wherein the main thread is used for bearing the starting of the daemon environment, reading the communication information and starting the management work.
Optionally, the apparatus further includes a buffer design module for designing a buffer of the transmission line according to signal delay time on both sides of the transmission line.
Optionally, the apparatus further comprises: the pipeline algorithm design module is used for designing a user state pipeline algorithm aiming at the buffer area, wherein one end of the user state pipeline is used for reading data, and the other end of the user state pipeline is used for writing data, so that the data flow in the buffer area has the characteristic of first-in first-out.
According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program for performing the method according to any one of the above aspects of the present invention.
According to still another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an electronic device including: a processor; a memory for storing the processor-executable instructions; the processor is configured to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the executable instructions to implement the method according to any one of the above aspects of the present invention.
Dividing the whole power grid into a plurality of local power grids, wherein each local power grid comprises a plurality of node machines, each object on each node machine is a calculation unit for performing electromagnetic transient simulation calculation, then deploying a daemon on each node machine, establishing two shared memory port data areas for each calculation unit with a cross-node machine communication requirement by the daemon, designing a transmission line with a simulation step length of more than 1 as a transmission line port of the two calculation units with the cross-node machine communication requirement, starting a sending thread and a receiving thread in the daemon, collecting target data written into the first shared memory port data area by all calculation units of the current node machine through the sending thread, and transmitting the target data to the other node machine through the transmission line port after the calculation unit of the current node machine writes the data into the first shared memory port data area; and collecting the data message received by the current node machine through the receiving thread, and storing the collected data message into a second shared memory port data area. In this way, for the computing units distributed on the same node machine, the computing units are communicated through the shared memory supported by the MPI, the communication jitter is very small, and for the computing units distributed on different node machines, a brand-new cross-node machine communication scheme based on daemon merging signal transmission is designed, the stability and the continuity of data transmission are ensured, and the whole electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear extensible simulation of the cross-node machine is realized. The method solves the technical problem that the simulation bottom layer communication technology has main restriction on large-scale electromagnetic transient real-time simulation along with the increase of the simulation scale.
Drawings
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention may be more completely understood in consideration of the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a microsecond level full-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear scalable method provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a system architecture diagram corresponding to a microsecond level full-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear scalable method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of a TLM equivalent davin provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating a buffer area of a transmission line according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a design diagram of a user-state pipeline algorithm suitable for cross-process communication provided by an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a microsecond-level all-electromagnetic transient real-time simulated linear scalable device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a structure of an electronic device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention and not all embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is not limited by the example embodiments described herein.
It should be noted that: the relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise.
It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that the terms "first," "second," etc. in embodiments of the present invention are used merely to distinguish between different steps, devices or modules, etc., and do not represent any particular technical meaning nor necessarily logical order between them.
It should also be understood that in embodiments of the present invention, "plurality" may refer to two or more, and "at least one" may refer to one, two or more.
It should also be appreciated that any component, data, or structure referred to in an embodiment of the invention may be generally understood as one or more without explicit limitation or the contrary in the context.
In addition, the term "and/or" in the present invention is merely an association relationship describing the association object, and indicates that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may indicate: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In the present invention, the character "/" generally indicates that the front and rear related objects are an or relationship.
It should also be understood that the description of the embodiments of the present invention emphasizes the differences between the embodiments, and that the same or similar features may be referred to each other, and for brevity, will not be described in detail.
Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description.
The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods, and apparatus should be considered part of the specification.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.
Embodiments of the invention are operational with numerous other general purpose or special purpose computing system environments or configurations with electronic devices, such as communications terminals, computer systems, servers, etc. Examples of well known communication terminals, computing systems, environments, and/or configurations that may be suitable for use with electronic devices, such as communication terminals, computer systems, servers, and the like, include, but are not limited to: personal computer systems, server computer systems, thin clients, thick clients, hand-held or laptop devices, microprocessor-based systems, set-top boxes, programmable consumer electronics, network personal computers, small computer systems, mainframe computer systems, and distributed cloud computing technology environments that include any of the foregoing, and the like.
Electronic devices such as communication terminals, computer systems, servers, etc. may be described in the general context of computer system-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer system. Generally, program modules may include routines, programs, objects, components, logic, data structures, etc., that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The computer system/server may be implemented in a distributed cloud computing environment in which tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed cloud computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computing system storage media including memory storage devices.
Exemplary method
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a microsecond full-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear scalable method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the microsecond-level full-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear scalable method comprises the following steps:
step S101: dividing the whole power grid into a plurality of local power grids, wherein each local power grid comprises a plurality of node machines, each object on each node machine is a calculation unit for performing electromagnetic transient simulation calculation, and the calculation units on each node machine need to interact current data and voltage data of ports with the calculation units on other node machines belonging to the same local power grid;
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 2, each object is a calculation unit for performing electromagnetic transient simulation calculation, and simulation of a local small-block power grid in the whole power grid is performed on the calculation units. The local small-block power grid needs current and voltage data of interaction ports with other small-block power grids outside, and the interaction relationship comprises two types of communication with the node machine and communication across the node machine. The node machine is a server, for example.
Step S102: a daemon is deployed on each node machine, wherein the daemon establishes two shared memory port data areas for each computing unit with cross-node machine communication requirements, the first shared memory port data area is used for storing data sent by the computing unit to an external computing unit, and the second shared memory port data area is used for storing data received by the computing unit and sent by the external computing unit;
in the embodiment of the invention, for the local node machine communication: the computing units of the small power grid are all distributed on the same node machine, and communication is not needed through the cross-node machine. For the signals interacted by the node machine, the communication is carried out through the shared memory supported by the MPI, and the communication jitter is very small.
Communication across node machines: the computing units of the small power grid are distributed on different node machines, and communication needs to be carried out through the cross-node machines. However, the cross-node machine cannot communicate through the efficient shared memory, if the cross-node machine communicates through the Socket of the conventional MPI, the jitter is large, and the real-time simulation requirement is difficult to achieve.
The overall scheme of the cross-node machine communication is as follows:
1) The node machine runs a daemon, and the daemon establishes two shared memory port data areas for each computing unit with a cross-node machine communication requirement, wherein one data area is used for storing data sent by the computing unit, and the other data area is used for storing external data received by the computing unit.
2) The computing unit writes data into the shared memory port data area and receives data sent by the external computing unit from the shared memory port data area.
3) To promote parallelism of the device, in the daemon, the system will start two threads: the sending thread is only responsible for collecting the data written into the sending memory port area by all the computing units, packaging the data, sending the data to the Ethernet communication equipment of the hardware through a 'DPDK packet queue memory pool', and sending the data to the node machine of the opposite terminal through an optical fiber.
4) The receiving thread is only responsible for inquiring whether a 'DPDK packet queue memory pool' already has a received message, and after the message is collected, the receiving thread puts the received message into a memory port area so as to be read by a computing unit.
Thus, multiple node machines will extend in parallel according to this architecture.
Step S103: designing a transmission line with a simulation step length greater than 1 as a transmission line port of two computing units with a cross-node machine communication requirement, wherein the simulation step length of the transmission line port is used for transmitting voltage data and current data of one computing unit port with the cross-node machine communication requirement to the other computing unit port with the cross-node machine communication requirement;
optionally, the equation of the transmission line port is as follows:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the A-port at time n +.>For the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the B-port at time n +.>For the incident voltage of the A-port, +.>For reflected voltage from the opposite port of the A-port,/or>Incident voltage for B port, +.>For the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the B-port, m is the delay step, +.>For the inflow current of the B port, Z 0 Is the natural impedance of the transmission line.
In the embodiment of the invention, the invention also needs to design an electromagnetic transient parallel simulation algorithm matched with the cross-node machine communication mechanism, as follows:
the sub-network joint simulation of the conventional node built-in computing unit adopts a distributed parameter decoupling simulation method, and the port voltage and the port current obtained by an external computing unit with the last simulation step are needed inside the sub-network. However, the cross-node machine joint simulation algorithm cannot transmit the port voltage and the port current on the node machine to another node machine within one simulation step length, and the project designs 2 simulation step lengths for transmitting the variables to complete the algorithm of multiple sub-network joint simulation.
Assuming that the transmission line is lossless, the current and voltage distribution can be known to satisfy the superposition of the incident wave and the reflected wave by utilizing the related theory of the distribution parameter line. Neglecting to study the wave process in the transmission line, studying the transmission line at the port boundary can result in:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the incident voltage of the port, +.>Representing the reflected voltage from the opposite port,representing the incident current of the port, +.>Representing the reflected current from the opposite port, < > >Is the current flowing out of the port, ">Is the voltage at the port, ">Representing the natural impedance of the transmission line, < >>，/>Representing the distributed capacitance of the transmission line, < >>Representing the distributed inductance of the transmission line.
The above represents the Thevenin equivalent circuit at the port of the transmission line, and the port of the two-port transmission line can be equivalent to the equivalent Thevenin circuit of FIG. 3.
During each simulation iteration of the process,first affecting the A network and then outputting a +.>Pulse to the transmission line, which pulse needs to be moved to the end B of the transmission line within a certain time τ and is taken as input pulse of the B-net port of the next simulation time step->。
The process of port B is similar to port a, where τ is the signal delay time on both sides of the line.
；
This process can be summarized as the following transmission line port equation:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the A-port at time n +.>For the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the B-port at time n +.>For the incident voltage of the A-port, +.>For the opposite end port of the A portWhile the reflected voltage, ">Incident voltage for B port, +.>For the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the B-port, m is the delay step, +. >For the inflow current of the B port, Z 0 Is the natural impedance of the transmission line.
When the value of m is greater than 2, the transmission line can be used as a port for joint simulation of the cross-node machine.
Step S104: starting a sending thread and a receiving thread in a daemon, after a computing unit of a current node machine writes data into a first shared memory port data area, collecting target data written into the first shared memory port data area by all computing units of the current node machine through the sending thread, and transmitting the target data to another node machine through a transmission line port; and collecting the data message received by the current node machine through the receiving thread, and storing the collected data message into a second shared memory port data area.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and starting a main thread in the daemon, wherein the main thread is used for bearing the starting of the daemon environment, reading communication information and starting management work.
In the embodiment of the invention, the daemon is divided into three threads: the main thread, the sending thread and the receiving thread bind three CPUs, and each processes tasks born by the CPUs in parallel. The main task of the main thread is to take on the start of daemon environment, read communication information and start and manage other communication sub-threads, and the management work comprises: a plurality of tasks such as starting, monitoring and error management.
1) The main thread establishes a system environment;
2) Reading communication configuration information;
3) And starting and managing other communication sub-threads.
The main flow of the sending thread is as follows:
1) A first available buffer is determined.
2) And then polling all the memory slices to check whether the Pipe memory with the transmission completed exists.
3) And then a signal with the message length is taken from the Pipe memory, and the signal is packaged by the message, so that the universality of the program is improved.
4) The read message copies the Push to the buffer area from new, the packaged message is all pushed to the buffer area, and 1 is added to the number of the effective messages and the size of the data area.
5) If the size of the data area has exceeded the length of the message (1K). The next buffer is switched. Repeating to 1) and continuing execution.
6) If all the memory slices have completed transmission, then the valid buff is sent out.
7) Ending the current transmission function.
The main flow of the receiving thread is as follows: the transmit function is first established and the buff is established. The head address of the Buff, a new buffer comes out, a receiving function is built, and all data are received. Then, each message is parsed, specifically, the parsing steps are as follows:
1) And analyzing the first message.
2) Reading the header of the message, knowing that there are several messages.
3) And analyzing the first message, reading the content of the message, and directly assigning the content of the message to the corresponding pipeline.
4) And judging whether the position of ending the message is reached.
5) And analyzing the next message.
6) Judging whether all the messages are processed.
7) And continuing to start receiving the message.
It should be noted that, whether the daemon process adopts the user state DPDK development is not fixed, but can also adopt the kernel state communication method with stronger real-time performance to replace, but the functions are similar. The discrete design of the computing unit and the daemon unit can also be designed integrally, so long as the work of each step is completed, the computing unit is ready for data, and the daemon unit uniformly performs communication and synchronization across node machines after waiting for the data.
Optionally, the method further comprises: and designing a buffer zone of the transmission line according to the signal delay time at two sides of the transmission line.
In an embodiment of the present invention, for example, but not limited to, when the delay time is 4, the buffer design of the transmission line is as shown in fig. 4. In each simulation step of the sub-network computing unit, the simulation step is obtained from the position of m-4 (before 4Deltat)V - Bout At the same time of receiving V - Bin Stored at the location of m-1 (before Δt).
Optionally, the method further comprises: and designing a user state pipeline algorithm aiming at the buffer area, wherein one end of the user state pipeline is used for reading data, and the other end of the user state pipeline is used for writing data, so that the data flow in the buffer area has the characteristic of first-in first-out.
In the embodiment of the invention, the average transmission time of the signal of the cross-node machine is lower than 1 simulation step length, and the transmission speed is higher than 1 step length due to the communication behavior which is only 10% of the communication behavior. The algorithm design considers the maximum transmission delay and reserves the transmission delay of 2 step sizes. Therefore, in most cases, the signal transmitted across the node machine will be more advanced than the signal required by the computing unit, and therefore, the signal transmitted last time that is not used by the computing unit will be directly covered, resulting in data loss.
In order to solve the problem of data loss, the algorithm designs a small-scale user mode pipeline algorithm suitable for cross-process communication. To prevent the data from being artificially refreshed, the two ends of the pipeline cannot bidirectionally transmit the data, one end is data reading and the other end is data writing, and the data stream has the characteristic of first-in first-out, as shown in fig. 5.
Experiments prove that after the technical scheme is adopted, the synchronous jitter of the electromagnetic transient parallel simulation of the cross-node machine is reduced by more than 90 percent from more than 200us to less than 20us. Therefore, the number of parallel subnets based on the full electromagnetic transient simulation of a plurality of cross-node machines can be linearly increased to 900 or more, and when the number of parallel node machines is less than 4, the linear expansion of the electromagnetic transient simulation scale is realized.
In summary, the whole power grid is divided into a plurality of local power grids, each local power grid comprises a plurality of node machines, each object on each node machine is a calculation unit for performing electromagnetic transient simulation calculation, a daemon is deployed on each node machine, the daemon establishes two shared memory port data areas for each calculation unit with a cross-node machine communication requirement, a transmission line with a simulation step length of more than 1 is designed as a transmission line port of the two calculation units with the cross-node machine communication requirement, a sending thread and a receiving thread are started in the daemon, after the calculation unit of the current node machine writes data into the first shared memory port data area, all calculation units of the current node machine collect target data written into the first shared memory port data area through the sending thread, and the target data are transmitted to the other node machine through the transmission line port; and collecting the data message received by the current node machine through the receiving thread, and storing the collected data message into a second shared memory port data area. In this way, for the computing units distributed on the same node machine, the computing units are communicated through the shared memory supported by the MPI, the communication jitter is very small, and for the computing units distributed on different node machines, a brand-new cross-node machine communication scheme based on daemon merging signal transmission is designed, the stability and the continuity of data transmission are ensured, and the whole electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear extensible simulation of the cross-node machine is realized. The method solves the technical problem that the simulation bottom layer communication technology has main restriction on large-scale electromagnetic transient real-time simulation along with the increase of the simulation scale.
Exemplary apparatus
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a microsecond-level all-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear scalable device 600 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 6, the apparatus 600 includes:
the dividing module 610 is configured to divide the entire power grid into a plurality of local power grids, where each local power grid includes a plurality of node machines, each object on a node machine is a computing unit for performing electromagnetic transient simulation computation, and the computing units on the node machines need current data and voltage data of ports interacted with computing units on other node machines that belong to the same local power grid;
the deployment module 620 is configured to deploy a daemon on each node machine, where the daemon establishes two pieces of shared memory port data areas for each computing unit with a cross-node machine communication requirement, the first piece of shared memory port data area is used for storing data sent by the computing unit to an external computing unit, and the second piece of shared memory port data area is used for storing data sent by the external computing unit received by the computing unit;
a transmission line design module 630, configured to design a transmission line with a simulation step length greater than 1 as a transmission line port of two computing units with a cross-node machine communication requirement, where the simulation step length of the transmission line port is used to transmit voltage data and current data of one of the computing unit ports with the cross-node machine communication requirement to another computing unit with the cross-node machine communication requirement;
The data transmission module 640 is configured to start a sending thread and a receiving thread in a daemon, collect, by the sending thread, target data written into the first shared memory port data area by all computing units of the current node machine after the computing units of the current node machine write the data into the first shared memory port data area, and transmit the target data to another node machine through a transmission line port; and collecting the data message received by the current node machine through the receiving thread, and storing the collected data message into a second shared memory port data area.
Optionally, the equation of the transmission line port is as follows:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the opposite end of the slave A port at time nReflection voltage, < >>For the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the B-port at time n +.>For the incident voltage of the A-port, +.>For reflected voltage from the opposite port of the A-port,/or>Incident voltage for B port, +.>For the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the B-port, m is the delay step, +.>For the inflow current of the B port, Z 0 Is the natural impedance of the transmission line.
Optionally, the apparatus 600 further includes: and the starting module is used for starting the main thread in the daemon, wherein the main thread is used for bearing the starting of the daemon environment, reading the communication information and starting the management work.
Optionally, the apparatus further includes a buffer design module for designing a buffer of the transmission line according to signal delay time on both sides of the transmission line.
Optionally, the apparatus 600 further includes: the pipeline algorithm design module is used for designing a user state pipeline algorithm aiming at the buffer area, wherein one end of the user state pipeline is used for reading data, and the other end of the user state pipeline is used for writing data, so that the data flow in the buffer area has the characteristic of first-in first-out.
The microsecond-level full-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear extensible device of the embodiment of the invention corresponds to the microsecond-level full-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear extensible method of another embodiment of the invention, and is not described herein.
Exemplary electronic device
Fig. 7 is a structure of an electronic device provided in an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 7, the electronic device 70 includes one or more processors 71 and memory 72.
The processor 71 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit having data processing and/or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions.
Memory 72 may include one or more computer program products that may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and/or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, random Access Memory (RAM) and/or cache memory (cache), and the like. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, read Only Memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, and the like. One or more computer program instructions may be stored on the computer readable storage medium that can be executed by the processor 71 to implement the methods of the software programs of the various embodiments of the present invention described above and/or other desired functions. In one example, the electronic device may further include: an input device 73 and an output device 74, which are interconnected by a bus system and/or other forms of connection mechanisms (not shown).
In addition, the input device 73 may also include, for example, a keyboard, a mouse, and the like.
The output device 74 can output various information to the outside. The output device 74 may include, for example, a display, speakers, a printer, and a communication network and remote output devices connected thereto, among others.
Of course, only some of the components of the electronic device relevant to the present invention are shown in fig. 7 for simplicity, components such as buses, input/output ports, etc. being omitted. In addition, the electronic device may include any other suitable components depending on the particular application.
Exemplary computer program product and computer readable storage Medium
In addition to the methods and apparatus described above, embodiments of the invention may also be a computer program product comprising computer program instructions which, when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform steps in a method according to various embodiments of the invention described in the "exemplary methods" section of this specification.
The computer program product may write program code for performing operations of embodiments of the present invention in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object oriented programming language such as Java, C++ or the like and conventional procedural programming languages, such as the "C" programming language or similar programming languages. The program code may execute entirely on the user's computing device, partly on the user's device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user's computing device, partly on a remote computing device, or entirely on the remote computing device or server.
Furthermore, embodiments of the invention may also be a computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon computer program instructions, which when executed by a processor, cause the processor to perform steps in a method according to various embodiments of the invention described in the "exemplary method" section of the description above.
The computer readable storage medium may employ any combination of one or more readable media. The readable medium may be a readable signal medium or a readable storage medium. The readable storage medium can include, for example, but is not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, or device, or a combination of any of the foregoing. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the readable storage medium would include the following: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable disk, a hard disk, random Access Memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), optical fiber, portable compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The basic principles of the present invention have been described above in connection with specific embodiments, however, it should be noted that the advantages, benefits, effects, etc. mentioned in the present invention are merely examples and not intended to be limiting, and these advantages, benefits, effects, etc. are not to be considered as essential to the various embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and understanding only, and are not intended to be limiting, as the invention is not necessarily limited to practice with the above described specific details.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different manner from other embodiments, so that the same or similar parts between the embodiments are mutually referred to. For system embodiments, the description is relatively simple as it essentially corresponds to method embodiments, and reference should be made to the description of method embodiments for relevant points.
The block diagrams of the devices, systems, apparatuses, systems according to the present invention are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that the connections, arrangements, configurations must be made in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As will be appreciated by one of skill in the art, the devices, systems, apparatuses, systems may be connected, arranged, configured in any manner. Words such as "including," "comprising," "having," and the like are words of openness and mean "including but not limited to," and are used interchangeably therewith. The terms "or" and "as used herein refer to and are used interchangeably with the term" and/or "unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The term "such as" as used herein refers to, and is used interchangeably with, the phrase "such as, but not limited to.
The method and system of the present invention may be implemented in a number of ways. For example, the methods and systems of the present invention may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination of software, hardware, firmware. The above-described sequence of steps for the method is for illustration only, and the steps of the method of the present invention are not limited to the sequence specifically described above unless specifically stated otherwise. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the present invention may also be embodied as programs recorded in a recording medium, the programs including machine-readable instructions for implementing the methods according to the present invention. Thus, the present invention also covers a recording medium storing a program for executing the method according to the present invention.
It is also noted that in the systems, devices and methods of the present invention, components or steps may be disassembled and/or assembled. Such decomposition and/or recombination should be considered as equivalent aspects of the present invention. The previous description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
The foregoing description has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. Furthermore, this description is not intended to limit embodiments of the invention to the form disclosed herein. Although a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, a person of ordinary skill in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and subcombinations thereof.
Claims (12)
1. A microsecond full-electromagnetic transient real-time simulation linear extensible method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
dividing the whole power grid into a plurality of local power grids, wherein each local power grid comprises a plurality of node machines, each object on each node machine is a calculation unit for performing electromagnetic transient simulation calculation, and the calculation units on each node machine need to interact current data and voltage data of ports with the calculation units on other node machines belonging to the same local power grid;
a daemon is deployed on each node machine, wherein the daemon establishes two shared memory port data areas for each computing unit with cross-node machine communication requirements, the first shared memory port data area is used for storing data sent by the computing unit to an external computing unit, and the second shared memory port data area is used for storing data received by the computing unit and sent by the external computing unit;
Designing a transmission line with a simulation step length greater than 1 as a transmission line port of two computing units with a cross-node machine communication requirement, wherein the simulation step length of the transmission line port is used for transmitting voltage data and current data of one computing unit port with the cross-node machine communication requirement to the other computing unit port with the cross-node machine communication requirement;
starting a sending thread and a receiving thread in a daemon, after a computing unit of a current node machine writes data into a first shared memory port data area, collecting target data written into the first shared memory port data area by all computing units of the current node machine through the sending thread, and transmitting the target data to another node machine through a transmission line port; and collecting the data message received by the current node machine through the receiving thread, and storing the collected data message into a second shared memory port data area.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the equation for the transmission line port is as follows:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the A-port at time n +.>For the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the B-port at time n +. >For the incident voltage of the A-port, +.>For reflected voltage from the opposite port of the A-port,/or>Incident voltage for B port, +.>For the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the B-port, m is the delay step, +.>For the inflow current of the B port, Z 0 Is the natural impedance of the transmission line.
3. The method as recited in claim 2, further comprising: and starting a main thread in the daemon, wherein the main thread is used for bearing the starting of the daemon environment, reading communication information and starting management work.
4. A method according to claim 3, further comprising: and designing a buffer zone of the transmission line according to the signal delay time at two sides of the transmission line.
5. The method as recited in claim 4, further comprising: and designing a user state pipeline algorithm aiming at the buffer area, wherein one end of the user state pipeline is used for reading data, and the other end of the user state pipeline is used for writing data, so that the data flow in the buffer area has the characteristic of first-in first-out.
6. A microsecond-level all-electromagnetic transient real-time simulated linear extensible device, comprising:
the dividing module is used for dividing the whole power grid into a plurality of local power grids, each local power grid comprises a plurality of node machines, each object on each node machine is a calculation unit for electromagnetic transient simulation calculation, and the calculation units on each node machine need to interact current data and voltage data of ports with the calculation units on other node machines belonging to the same local power grid;
The deployment module is used for deploying a daemon on each node machine, wherein the daemon establishes two pieces of shared memory port data areas for each computing unit with cross-node machine communication requirements, the first piece of shared memory port data area is used for storing data sent by the computing unit to an external computing unit, and the second piece of shared memory port data area is used for storing data received by the computing unit and sent by the external computing unit;
the transmission line design module is used for designing a transmission line with a simulation step length of more than 1 as a transmission line port of two computing units with the cross-node machine communication requirement, and the simulation step length of the transmission line port is used for transmitting voltage data and current data of one computing unit port with the cross-node machine communication requirement to the other computing unit port with the cross-node machine communication requirement;
the data transmission module is used for starting a sending thread and a receiving thread in the daemon, after the computing unit of the current node machine writes data into the first shared memory port data area, collecting target data written into the first shared memory port data area by all computing units of the current node machine through the sending thread, and transmitting the target data to another node machine through a transmission line port; and collecting the data message received by the current node machine through the receiving thread, and storing the collected data message into a second shared memory port data area.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the equation for the transmission line port is as follows:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the A-port at time n +.>For the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the B-port at time n +.>For the incident voltage of the A-port, +.>For reflected voltage from the opposite port of the A-port,/or>Incident voltage for B port, +.>For the reflected voltage from the opposite port of the B-port, m is the delay step, +.>For the inflow current of the B port, Z 0 Is the natural impedance of the transmission line.
8. The apparatus as recited in claim 7, further comprising: and the starting module is used for starting the main thread in the daemon, wherein the main thread is used for bearing the starting of the daemon environment, reading the communication information and starting the management work.
9. The apparatus as recited in claim 8, further comprising: the buffer zone design module is used for designing a buffer zone of the transmission line according to the signal delay time at two sides of the transmission line.
10. The apparatus as recited in claim 9, further comprising: the pipeline algorithm design module is used for designing a user state pipeline algorithm aiming at the buffer area, wherein one end of the user state pipeline is used for reading data, and the other end of the user state pipeline is used for writing data, so that the data flow in the buffer area has the characteristic of first-in first-out.
11. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program for performing the method of any one of the preceding claims 1-5.
12. An electronic device, the electronic device comprising:
a processor;
a memory for storing the processor-executable instructions;
the processor is configured to read the executable instructions from the memory and execute the executable instructions to implement the method of any of the preceding claims 1-5.
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