CN116537899A - Flexible peak shaving nuclear power unit adopting molten salt for energy storage and working method - Google Patents
Flexible peak shaving nuclear power unit adopting molten salt for energy storage and working method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116537899A CN116537899A CN202310497251.4A CN202310497251A CN116537899A CN 116537899 A CN116537899 A CN 116537899A CN 202310497251 A CN202310497251 A CN 202310497251A CN 116537899 A CN116537899 A CN 116537899A
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 239
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/006—Auxiliaries or details not otherwise provided for
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/32—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters arranged to be heated by steam, e.g. bled from turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
- F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
- G21D1/006—Details of nuclear power plant primary side of steam generators
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D1/00—Details of nuclear power plant
- G21D1/02—Arrangements of auxiliary equipment
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/0034—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material
- F28D2020/0047—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using liquid heat storage material using molten salts or liquid metals
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power unit peak shaving, and particularly provides a flexible peak shaving nuclear power unit using molten salt for energy storage and a working method thereof. Compared with the traditional nuclear power unit, the system provided by the invention has the advantages that the nuclear reactor, the steam generator and the steam turbine system are operated under rated working conditions, the adjustment of the external power transmission capacity of the nuclear power plant is realized by changing the electric heating power of molten salt, the adjustment rate is high, and the adjustment amplitude is large; the superheat degree of the main steam and the reheat steam is improved, so that the safe and stable operation of the steam turbine is facilitated; the steam-water separator is not needed, and a two-loop system is simplified; and under the condition of certain stack power, the maximum output power of the unit is increased, and the peak shaving requirement is further met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear power unit peak shaving, in particular to a flexible peak shaving nuclear power unit adopting molten salt energy storage and a working method thereof.
Background
In order to promote the acceleration of low-carbon transformation in the power industry in China, the development speed of nuclear power as clean energy is gradually increased, the duty ratio of a nuclear power unit in a power system is continuously increased, and the nuclear power unit becomes the third largest power generation energy after thermal power and water power. Compared with other novel energy sources, the peak shaving capacity of the nuclear power has good performance, but the peak shaving pressure is more remarkable along with the improvement of the grid-connected electric quantity and the duty ratio of the nuclear power in China and the characteristic of poor load reducing operation capacity of the nuclear power. Through operation verification of the nuclear power unit at home and abroad, the nuclear power unit can not influence fuel performance by adopting daily peak regulation operation, can not cause the rising of the radioactive concentration of a loop coolant, the feasibility of daily load tracking operation and the reliability of a pressurized water reactor are fully verified, and the nuclear power unit also has certain load regulation capability. However, due to the complexity of the nuclear power system, the nuclear power unit should be arranged to run stably for a long time as much as possible from the aspects of nuclear fuel utilization efficiency, system safety, economy and the like. Therefore, for the nuclear power unit needing long-term stable operation, the energy storage system is configured to improve the flexibility of the unit, improve the peak shaving capacity of the unit and have important significance for improving the share of the nuclear power unit in a power grid.
The main steam of the existing pressurized water reactor nuclear motor unit is wet steam, and the main steam is adopted for reheating, so that the temperature of the main steam and the temperature of the reheated steam are low, and the thermodynamic cycle efficiency is affected; and the steam humidity in the steam turbine is high, so that the safe and stable operation of the unit is influenced. Therefore, the main steam is overheated and the high-pressure cylinder exhaust steam is reheated by adopting an additional heat source, so that the thermodynamic cycle efficiency and the unit stability are improved, and the method has important significance.
Based on the above, there is a need to design a flexible peak shaving nuclear power unit with an additional energy storage system and an additional heat source.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a flexible peak regulation nuclear power unit adopting molten salt energy storage and a working method thereof, wherein the molten salt is heated by utilizing the difference between rated power generation of the nuclear power unit and power demand of a power grid to realize heat storage, and then main steam superheating and reheating are realized by utilizing the molten salt. If the nuclear fuel replacement cycle is the same, the net output power of the system adopting the invention is necessarily higher than that of the existing unit.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a flexible peak regulation nuclear power unit adopting molten salt energy storage is composed of a molten salt energy storage loop, a nuclear power unit primary loop and a nuclear power unit secondary loop; the molten salt energy storage loop comprises a molten salt heater 1, a high-temperature molten salt tank 2, a low-temperature molten salt tank 3, a high-temperature molten salt pump 4, a low-temperature molten salt pump 5, a molten salt superheater 6, a molten salt reheater 7 and related pipelines; the primary loop of the nuclear power unit comprises a reactor 8, a main pump 9, a voltage stabilizer 10 and a steam generator 11; the nuclear power unit second loop comprises a steam generator 11, a molten salt superheater 6, a high-pressure cylinder 12, a molten salt reheater 7, a low-pressure cylinder 13, a condenser 14, a generator 15, a condensate pump 16, a feed water pump 17, a low-pressure heater 18, a high-pressure heater 19 and a deaerator 20;
the connection mode is as follows: molten salt energy storage loop: the outlet of the molten salt heater 1 is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature molten salt tank 2, the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt tank 2 is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature molten salt pump 4, the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt pump 4 is respectively connected with the molten salt inlet of the molten salt superheater 6 and the molten salt inlet of the molten salt reheater 7, the molten salt outlet of the molten salt superheater 6 and the molten salt outlet of the molten salt reheater 7 are connected with the inlet of the low-temperature molten salt tank 3, and the outlet of the low-temperature molten salt tank 3 is connected with the inlet of the molten salt heater 1; nuclear power unit primary circuit: the working medium outlet of the reactor 8 is connected with the working medium inlet of the steam generator 11, the working medium outlet of the steam generator 11 is connected with the inlet of the main pump 9, the outlet of the main pump 9 is connected with the inlet of the reactor 8, and the reactor 8 is connected with the voltage stabilizer 10 in parallel; nuclear power unit second loop: the main steam outlet of the steam generator 11 is connected with the steam inlet of the molten salt superheater 6, the steam outlet of the molten salt superheater 6 is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure cylinder 12, the steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 12 is connected with the steam inlet of the molten salt reheater 7, the steam outlet of the molten salt reheater 7 is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure cylinder 13, the steam outlet of the low-pressure cylinder 13 is connected with the inlet of the condenser 14, the outlet of the condenser 14 is connected with the inlet of the condensate pump 16, the outlet of the condensate pump 16 is connected with the backwater inlet of the low-pressure heater 18, the outlet of the low-pressure heater 18 is connected with the inlet of the deaerator 20, the outlet of the deaerator 20 is connected with the inlet of the feed pump 17, the outlet of the feed pump 17 is connected with the backwater inlet of the high-pressure heater 19, the outlet of the high-pressure heater 19 is connected with the backwater inlet of the steam generator 11, the cooling outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 12 is connected with the cooling inlet of the high-pressure heater 19, the cooling outlet of the low-pressure cylinder 13 is connected with the cooling inlet of the low-pressure heater 18, and the generator 15 is connected in series with the main shaft of the high-pressure cylinder 12 and the low-pressure cylinder 13.
The molten salt heater 1 is powered by a generator 15.
The molten salt temperature in the high-temperature molten salt tank 2 is 450-550 ℃; the temperature of molten salt in the low-temperature molten salt tank 3 is 300-350 ℃.
The working method of the flexible peak shaving nuclear power unit adopting molten salt energy storage comprises a molten salt heating link, a molten salt overheating link, a molten salt reheating link and a nuclear power unit peak shaving mode;
and (3) molten salt heating step: when the grid-connected electric quantity is lower than the rated power generation of the nuclear power unit, the surplus electric quantity is used for supplying the molten salt heater 1; molten salt in the low-temperature molten salt tank 3 is extracted under the action of the low-temperature molten salt pump 5, heated to about 450-550 ℃ by the molten salt heater 1 and then stored in the high-temperature molten salt tank 2;
and (3) a fused salt overheating link: the main steam generated by the steam generator 11 enters a fused salt superheater 6, a high-temperature fused salt pump 4 is used for pumping fused salt in a high-temperature fused salt tank 2 to overheat the main steam, the main steam is heated to 400-450 ℃ to become overheat steam and then enters a high-pressure cylinder 12 of a steam turbine, and meanwhile, the fused salt is cooled to 300-350 ℃ and returns to a low-temperature fused salt tank 3;
and (3) molten salt reheating step: the steam discharged by the high-pressure cylinder 12 enters a fused salt reheater 7, a high-temperature fused salt pump 4 is used for pumping fused salt in the high-temperature fused salt tank 2 to reheat the steam discharged, the reheated steam is heated to 400-450 ℃ to become reheated steam and then enters a low-pressure cylinder 13 of a steam turbine, and meanwhile, the fused salt is cooled to 300-350 ℃ and returns to the low-temperature fused salt tank 3;
peak regulation mode of nuclear power unit: when the nuclear power unit normally operates, the power generation power of the steam turbine is unchanged, and when the power grid requires to increase the output power, the electric heating power of the molten salt heater 1 is reduced; when the grid demand output power decreases, the electrical heating power of the molten salt heater 1 is increased.
The electric heating power of the molten salt heater can be regulated very rapidly and flexibly, and the net output power of the system is the difference between the power generated by the steam turbine and the electric heating power of the molten salt heater, so that the system provided by the invention has good peak shaving flexibility.
The technology solves a series of problems caused by the adoption of a wet steam turbine by the existing nuclear generator set, improves the thermal economy and the safety stability of the steam turbine, solves the problem of poor peak regulation flexibility of the pressurized water reactor nuclear generator set, and has good application prospect.
The invention has the remarkable effects that:
1) According to the steam turbine, the main steam and the reheat steam are heated by molten salt, so that a higher degree of superheat can be achieved, and the heat economy and the safety stability of the steam turbine are improved.
2) The system disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the steam turbine system runs under the normal condition under the design working condition, the output electric energy is regulated by regulating the electric power of the molten salt heater, and the system has good flexibility in regulating the output power.
3) Compared with the prior art, the system provided by the invention has the advantages that the maximum electric power is larger when the stack power is fixed, and the generated energy is larger when the fuel replacement period is the same.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a flexible peak shaving nuclear power unit for fused salt energy storage.
FIG. 2 is a simulation diagram of grid-connected power supply of a nuclear power unit.
In fig. 1: the molten salt heater 1, the high-temperature molten salt tank 2, the low-temperature molten salt tank 3, the high-temperature molten salt pump 4, the low-temperature molten salt pump 5, the molten salt superheater 6, the molten salt reheater 7, the reactor 8, the main pump 9, the voltage stabilizer 10, the steam generator 11, the high-pressure cylinder 12, the low-pressure cylinder 13, the condenser 14, the generator 15, the condensate pump 16, the water supply pump 17, the low-pressure heater 18, the high-pressure heater 19 and the deaerator 20.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in FIG. 1, the flexible peak shaving nuclear power unit adopting molten salt energy storage is composed of a molten salt energy storage loop, a nuclear power unit primary loop and a nuclear power unit secondary loop; the molten salt energy storage loop comprises a molten salt heater 1, a high-temperature molten salt tank 2, a low-temperature molten salt tank 3, a high-temperature molten salt pump 4, a low-temperature molten salt pump 5, a molten salt superheater 6, a molten salt reheater 7 and related pipelines; the primary loop of the nuclear power unit comprises a reactor 8, a main pump 9, a voltage stabilizer 10 and a steam generator 11; the nuclear power unit second loop comprises a steam generator 11, a molten salt superheater 6, a high-pressure cylinder 12, a molten salt reheater 7, a low-pressure cylinder 13, a condenser 14, a generator 15, a condensate pump 16, a feed water pump 17, a low-pressure heater 18, a high-pressure heater 19 and a deaerator 20;
the connection mode is as follows: molten salt energy storage loop: the outlet of the molten salt heater 1 is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature molten salt tank 2, the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt tank 2 is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature molten salt pump 4, the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt pump 4 is respectively connected with the molten salt inlet of the molten salt superheater 6 and the molten salt inlet of the molten salt reheater 7, the molten salt outlet of the molten salt superheater 6 and the molten salt outlet of the molten salt reheater 7 are connected with the inlet of the low-temperature molten salt tank 3, and the outlet of the low-temperature molten salt tank 3 is connected with the inlet of the molten salt heater 1; nuclear power unit primary circuit: the working medium outlet of the reactor 8 is connected with the working medium inlet of the steam generator 11, the working medium outlet of the steam generator 11 is connected with the inlet of the main pump 9, the outlet of the main pump 9 is connected with the inlet of the reactor 8, and the reactor 8 is connected with the voltage stabilizer 10 in parallel; nuclear power unit second loop: the main steam outlet of the steam generator 11 is connected with the steam inlet of the molten salt superheater 6, the steam outlet of the molten salt superheater 6 is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure cylinder 12, the steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 12 is connected with the steam inlet of the molten salt reheater 7, the steam outlet of the molten salt reheater 7 is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure cylinder 13, the steam outlet of the low-pressure cylinder 13 is connected with the inlet of the condenser 14, the outlet of the condenser 14 is connected with the inlet of the condensate pump 16, the outlet of the condensate pump 16 is connected with the backwater inlet of the low-pressure heater 18, the outlet of the low-pressure heater 18 is connected with the inlet of the deaerator 20, the outlet of the deaerator 20 is connected with the inlet of the feed pump 17, the outlet of the feed pump 17 is connected with the backwater inlet of the high-pressure heater 19, the outlet of the high-pressure heater 19 is connected with the backwater inlet of the steam generator 11, the cooling outlet of the high-pressure cylinder 12 is connected with the cooling inlet of the high-pressure heater 19, the cooling outlet of the low-pressure cylinder 13 is connected with the cooling inlet of the low-pressure heater 18, and the generator 15 is connected in series with the main shaft of the high-pressure cylinder 12 and the low-pressure cylinder 13.
The invention adds a fused salt energy storage loop on a secondary loop of a nuclear power unit, and the concrete loop is as follows: the high-temperature molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt tank 2 is pumped by the high-temperature molten salt pump 4, the high-temperature molten salt is pumped into two paths, one path of the high-temperature molten salt enters the molten salt superheater 6 for heat exchange, the other path of the high-temperature molten salt enters the molten salt reheater 7 for heat exchange, the low-temperature molten salt generated by heat exchange of the molten salt superheater 6 and the molten salt reheater 7 is converged and enters the low-temperature molten salt tank 3, and then enters the molten salt heater 1 for heating by the low-temperature molten salt pump 5 to become high-temperature molten salt, and then enters the high-temperature molten salt pump 2. The operation links of the system comprise a molten salt heating link, a molten salt overheating link and a molten salt reheating link, and a nuclear power unit peak regulation mode. Finally, the flexible peak shaving nuclear power unit for fused salt energy storage is realized.
And (3) molten salt heating step: and when the grid-connected electric quantity is lower than the rated electric quantity of the nuclear power unit, the surplus electric quantity is used for supplying the molten salt heater 1. Molten salt in the low-temperature molten salt tank 3 is extracted under the action of the low-temperature molten salt pump 5, heated to about 450-550 ℃ by the molten salt heater 1 and then stored in the high-temperature molten salt tank 2;
and (3) a fused salt overheating link: the main steam generated by the steam generator 11 enters a fused salt superheater 6, a high-temperature fused salt pump 4 is used for pumping fused salt in a high-temperature fused salt tank 2 to overheat the fused salt, the main steam is heated to 400-450 ℃ to become superheated steam and then enters a high-pressure cylinder 12 of a steam turbine, and meanwhile, the fused salt is cooled to 300-350 ℃ and returns to a low-temperature fused salt tank 3;
and (3) molten salt reheating step: the steam discharged by the high-pressure cylinder 12 enters a molten salt reheater 7, molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt tank 2 is pumped by a high-temperature molten salt pump 4 to reheat the molten salt, reheat steam is heated to 400-450 ℃ to form reheat steam, the reheat steam enters a low-pressure cylinder 13 of a steam turbine, and meanwhile, the molten salt is cooled to 300-350 ℃ and returns to the low-temperature molten salt tank 3;
peak regulation mode of nuclear power unit: and the power generation power of the steam turbine is unchanged when the unit normally operates. When the power grid requires to increase the output power, reducing the electric heating power of the molten salt heater 1; when the grid demand output power decreases, the electrical heating power of the molten salt heater 1 is increased.
The invention simultaneously adds a fused salt energy storage system and an additional heat source on a secondary loop of a nuclear power unit to simultaneously realize two requirements, and provides a flexible peak shaving nuclear power unit adopting fused salt energy storage. The heat storage medium of the unit adopts molten salt, and the molten salt is heated by using the electric energy of the nuclear power unit by introducing a high-temperature/low-temperature molten salt tank, and the overheating and reheating of steam are realized by using the molten salt. Compared with the traditional nuclear power unit, the system provided by the invention has the advantages that the nuclear reactor, the steam generator and the steam turbine system are operated under rated working conditions, the adjustment of the external power transmission capacity of the nuclear power plant is realized by changing the electric heating power of molten salt, the adjustment rate is high, and the adjustment amplitude is large; the superheat degree of the main steam and the reheat steam is improved, so that the safe and stable operation of the steam turbine is facilitated; the steam-water separator is not needed, and a two-loop system is simplified; and under the condition of certain stack power, the maximum output power of the unit is increased, and the peak shaving requirement is further met.
Claims (4)
1. A flexible peak shaving nuclear power unit adopting molten salt energy storage is characterized in that: the system consists of a molten salt energy storage loop, a primary nuclear power unit loop and a secondary nuclear power unit loop; the molten salt energy storage loop comprises a molten salt heater (1), a high-temperature molten salt tank (2), a low-temperature molten salt tank (3), a high-temperature molten salt pump (4), a low-temperature molten salt pump (5), a molten salt superheater (6), a molten salt reheater (7) and related pipelines; the primary loop of the nuclear power unit comprises a reactor (8), a main pump (9), a voltage stabilizer (10) and a steam generator (11); the nuclear power unit second loop comprises a steam generator (11), a molten salt superheater (6), a high-pressure cylinder (12), a molten salt reheater (7), a low-pressure cylinder (13), a condenser (14), a generator (15), a condensate pump (16), a water supply pump (17), a low-pressure heater (18), a high-pressure heater (19) and a deaerator (20);
the connection mode is as follows: molten salt energy storage loop: the outlet of the molten salt heater (1) is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature molten salt tank (2), the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt tank (2) is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature molten salt pump (4), the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt pump (4) is respectively connected with the molten salt inlet of the molten salt superheater (6) and the molten salt inlet of the molten salt reheater (7), the molten salt outlet of the molten salt superheater (6) and the molten salt outlet of the molten salt reheater (7) are connected with the inlet of the low-temperature molten salt tank (3), and the outlet of the low-temperature molten salt tank (3) is connected with the inlet of the molten salt heater (1); nuclear power unit primary circuit: a working medium outlet of the reactor (8) is connected with a working medium inlet of a steam generator (11), a working medium outlet of the steam generator (11) is connected with an inlet of a main pump (9) at an outlet, an outlet of the main pump (9) is connected with an inlet of the reactor (8), and the reactor (8) is connected with a voltage stabilizer (10) in parallel; nuclear power unit second loop: the main steam outlet of the steam generator (11) is connected with the steam inlet of the molten salt superheater (6), the steam outlet of the molten salt superheater (6) is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure cylinder (12), the steam outlet of the high-pressure cylinder (12) is connected with the steam inlet of the molten salt reheater (7), the steam outlet of the molten salt reheater (7) is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure cylinder (13), the steam outlet of the low-pressure cylinder (13) is connected with the inlet of the condenser (14), the outlet of the condenser (14) is connected with the inlet of the condensate pump (16), the outlet of the condensate pump (16) is connected with the backwater inlet of the low-pressure heater (18), the outlet of the low-pressure heater (18) is connected with the inlet of the deaerator (20), the outlet of the deaerator (20) is connected with the inlet of the feed pump (17), the outlet of the feed pump (17) is connected with the backwater inlet of the high-pressure heater (19), the outlet of the high-pressure heater (19) is connected with the inlet of the steam generator (11), the cooling outlet of the high-pressure cylinder (12) is connected with the cooling inlet of the low-pressure cylinder (13), and the cooling main shaft (13) is connected with the cooling cylinder (13).
2. The flexible peak shaving nuclear power unit adopting molten salt energy storage as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the molten salt heater (1) is powered by a generator 15.
3. The flexible peak shaving nuclear power unit adopting molten salt energy storage as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the temperature of molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt tank (2) is 450-550 ℃; the temperature of molten salt in the low-temperature molten salt tank (3) is 300-350 ℃.
4. A method of operating a flexible peaking nuclear power unit employing molten salt to store energy as defined in any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the method comprises a molten salt heating link, a molten salt overheating link, a molten salt reheating link and a nuclear power unit peak regulation mode;
and (3) molten salt heating step: when the grid-connected electric quantity is lower than the rated power generation of the nuclear power unit, the surplus electric quantity is used for supplying the molten salt heater (1); the molten salt in the low-temperature molten salt tank (3) is pumped under the action of the low-temperature molten salt pump (5), heated to about 450-550 ℃ by the molten salt heater (1) and then stored in the high-temperature molten salt tank (2);
and (3) a fused salt overheating link: the main steam generated by the steam generator (11) enters a fused salt superheater 6, a high-temperature fused salt pump 4 is used for pumping fused salt in a high-temperature fused salt tank (2) to overheat the main steam, the main steam is heated to 400-450 ℃ to become overheat steam and then enters a high-pressure cylinder (12) of a steam turbine, and meanwhile, the fused salt is cooled to 300-350 ℃ and returns to a low-temperature fused salt tank (3);
and (3) molten salt reheating step: discharging steam from the high-pressure cylinder (12) into a molten salt reheater (7), pumping molten salt in the high-temperature molten salt tank (2) by using a high-temperature molten salt pump 4 to reheat the discharged steam, heating the reheated steam to 400-450 ℃ to form reheated steam, then entering the low-pressure cylinder (13) of the steam turbine, and simultaneously cooling the molten salt to 300-350 ℃ and returning the molten salt to the low-temperature molten salt tank (3);
peak regulation mode of nuclear power unit: when the nuclear power unit normally operates, the power generation power of the steam turbine is unchanged, and when the power grid requires to increase the output power, the electric heating power of the molten salt heater (1) is reduced; when the power grid requires the output power to be reduced, the electric heating power of the molten salt heater (1) is increased.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116734230A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-09-12 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Fused salt steam storage system for improving safety of high-temperature gas cooled reactor generator set |
| CN117432490A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-01-23 | 华能核能技术研究院有限公司 | Nuclear power unit coupling fused salt energy storage power generation system |
| CN117432490B (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-06-04 | 华能核能技术研究院有限公司 | Nuclear power unit coupling fused salt energy storage power generation system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116734230A (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2023-09-12 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Fused salt steam storage system for improving safety of high-temperature gas cooled reactor generator set |
| CN116734230B (en) * | 2023-08-14 | 2024-01-23 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Fused salt steam storage system for improving safety of high-temperature gas cooled reactor generator set |
| CN117432490A (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-01-23 | 华能核能技术研究院有限公司 | Nuclear power unit coupling fused salt energy storage power generation system |
| CN117432490B (en) * | 2023-09-27 | 2024-06-04 | 华能核能技术研究院有限公司 | Nuclear power unit coupling fused salt energy storage power generation system |
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