CN116537757A - Fracturing system capable of automatically maintaining pressure and remotely releasing pressure and control method - Google Patents
Fracturing system capable of automatically maintaining pressure and remotely releasing pressure and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116537757A CN116537757A CN202310553932.8A CN202310553932A CN116537757A CN 116537757 A CN116537757 A CN 116537757A CN 202310553932 A CN202310553932 A CN 202310553932A CN 116537757 A CN116537757 A CN 116537757A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000664 rectum Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001595 flow curve Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/2607—Surface equipment specially adapted for fracturing operations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/02—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in well heads
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
- E21B34/16—Control means therefor being outside the borehole
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/02—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control
- F04B49/022—Stopping, starting, unloading or idling control by means of pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
- F04B49/06—Control using electricity
- F04B49/065—Control using electricity and making use of computers
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B2200/00—Special features related to earth drilling for obtaining oil, gas or water
- E21B2200/04—Ball valves
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Control Of Non-Positive-Displacement Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fracturing system capable of automatically maintaining pressure and remotely releasing pressure and a control method. The system comprises a first path, a second path and a third path, wherein the first path, the second path and the third path are sequentially communicated with each other according to the water flow direction, and the axes of the first path, the second path and the third path are collinear; the first diameter is connected with a fracturing water pump through a high-pressure rubber pipe, and the third diameter is connected with a sieve tube through a sealing fracturing tubular column penetrating through a hole sealing section; the caliber of the second diameter is larger than that of the first diameter; the water outlet of the second diameter is connected with an annular spring base, a powerful spring facing the water inlet of the second diameter is fixed on the annular spring base, and the free end of the powerful spring is fixedly connected with a blocking steel ball; the diameter of the plugging steel ball is slightly larger than the caliber of the first drift diameter; the second path is communicated with the outside through a pressure relief pipeline with an electromagnetic valve; the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the control terminal, and the control terminal is electrically connected with the fracturing water pump; the control terminal collects pressure signals in the second path through the pressure flow sensor and controls the fracturing pump to be closed through the pressure signals. The pressure maintaining and pressure releasing device is accurate and timely in scheme, and the fracturing efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of underground hydraulic fracturing of coal mines, and relates to a fracturing system capable of automatically maintaining pressure and remotely releasing pressure and a control method.
Background
In the exploitation of coal bed gas, the coal bed permeability of the coal bed is low, the extraction radius is small, the extraction difficulty is high, the gas extraction concentration, the extraction rate and the extraction efficiency are low, and the improvement of the coal bed permeability becomes a technical problem to be solved in the high-efficiency extraction of the coal bed gas at present.
Hydraulic fracturing is a main method for hydraulically increasing permeability, and has the advantages of large permeability increasing range, good permeability increasing effect and the like. The principle is that a ground high-pressure pump is utilized to squeeze fracturing fluid into a reservoir through a shaft, and when the speed of the fracturing fluid injection exceeds the absorption capacity of the reservoir, high pressure is formed; when the pressure exceeds the fracture pressure of the coal rock near the bottom of the well, the coal rock is pressed open and cracks are generated, the fracturing fluid is continuously squeezed and injected, and the cracks are continuously expanded into the reservoir; then, sand-carrying fluid with propping agent needs to be squeezed in, and after the sand-carrying fluid enters the cracks, the cracks can be extended forwards continuously, and the cracks which are already pressed open can be supported so as not to be closed; and then injecting displacement fluid, displacing all sand-carrying fluid of the well bore into the cracks, and supporting the cracks by using propping agents so as to establish a new fluid channel between the reservoir and the well bore.
In the fracturing process, the prior art generally adopts a one-way valve to carry out pressure maintaining and pressure relief, and has the advantages of small fluid resistance, small moment required by opening and closing and the like. However, because the pressure of the orifice of the fracturing process is continuously increased, the water pressure of the one-way valve is larger when pressure maintaining is needed, at the moment, the closing of the one-way valve can generate water hammer pressure in a pipeline, damage to the valve is easy to cause, the service life of the valve is short, frequent maintenance or replacement is needed, and labor and time cost are increased. Meanwhile, the existing fracturing device needs to manually develop a large amount of work on site, and the fracturing fluid has serious harm to human health, so that potential safety hazards exist, and the pressure maintaining and releasing device is difficult to accurately judge when to release pressure and control in time, so that the pressure maintaining and releasing device is easy to damage and the fracturing efficiency is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the invention aims to provide a fracturing system and a control method for automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief, which can reduce the participation of personnel in the fracturing process, accurately and timely relieve pressure, reduce the damage to a pressure maintaining and relieving device, prolong the service life of the pressure maintaining and relieving device and improve the fracturing efficiency.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a fracturing system capable of automatically maintaining pressure and remotely releasing pressure comprises an orifice device arranged outside a hole sealing section; the orifice device comprises a first path, a second path and a third path which are sequentially communicated according to the direction of water injection flow; the axes of the first path, the second path and the third path are collinear; the first diameter is connected with a fracturing water pump through a high-pressure rubber pipe, and the third diameter is connected with a sieve tube through a sealing fracturing tubular column and the hole sealing section; the caliber of the third path is larger than that of the second path, and the caliber of the second path is larger than that of the first path; the water outlet of the second diameter is fixedly connected with an annular spring base, a powerful spring facing the water inlet of the second diameter is fixed on the annular spring base, and the free end of the powerful spring is fixedly connected with a blocking steel ball; the diameter of the plugging steel ball is between the caliber of the first diameter and the caliber of the second diameter; the second diameter is also provided with a pressure relief pipeline which is communicated with the outside through an electromagnetic valve; the second path is provided with a pressure flow sensor; the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the integrated control terminal through an electromagnetic valve signal wire, and the integrated control terminal is electrically connected with the fracturing water pump through a fracturing pump control signal wire;
the pressure flow sensor collects pressure signals in the second path and transmits the pressure signals to the integrated control terminal; the integrated control terminal controls the fracturing water pump to be closed according to the pressure signal, and controls the electromagnetic valve to be opened and closed; the integrated control terminal is communicated with the remote mobile terminal through the wireless communication module.
Further, the junction of first latus rectum and second latus rectum is the transition cambered surface. . Compared with a structure with a corner, the sealing ball is clamped and fixed at the second through-hole water inlet more firmly, and a notch is prevented from being formed due to abrasion caused by collision of the sealing ball and the corner, so that the sealing ball is longer in service life, and the sealing effect during pressure maintaining is avoided. Because the second diameter is further provided with the plugging small ball and the annular spring base, the powerful spring is in a slight compression state at the beginning, before fracturing, the plugging small ball is propped and fixed at the water inlet of the second diameter by the elastic force of the elastic restoring deformation of the spring.
Further, the length of the strong spring is longer than the length of the second diameter when the strong spring is not stressed.
A fracturing control method for automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief is applied to the fracturing system for automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief, and comprises the following steps:
s1, after the connection and the power-on of a system are confirmed, a starting signal is sent to an integrated control terminal through a remote mobile terminal;
s2, the integrated control terminal receives the starting signal and controls zero-load starting of the fracturing water pump;
s3, acquiring a pressure signal in a second path in real time through a pressure flow sensor, judging whether the pressure signal is more than or equal to a pressure maintaining condition threshold value, and if not, adjusting a fracturing water pump to gradually boost pressure until the pressure signal is more than or equal to the pressure maintaining condition threshold value; if yes, controlling the fracturing water pump to gradually decrease to be closed, and simultaneously keeping pressure and timing;
and S4, if the time of the pressure maintaining timing is greater than or equal to the preset pressure maintaining time, the integrated control terminal controls the electromagnetic valve to open for pressure relief.
Further, the fracturing water pump is provided with a temperature sensor on the reciprocating pump for collecting the oil temperature of the reciprocating pump; in the step S2, if the oil temperature of the reciprocating pump is greater than a preset oil temperature threshold, the integrated control terminal controls the fracturing water pump to stop pumping.
Further, a pump injection pressure sensor and a pump regulating valve are arranged at the water outlet of the fracturing water pump, the pump regulating valve is electrically connected with the integrated control terminal, and pump injection pressure is collected through the pump injection pressure sensor and transmitted to the integrated control terminal; in the step S2, if the pumping pressure is smaller than the safe fracturing threshold, the integrated control terminal controls the pump regulating valve to increase the pumping pressure.
Further, in the step S2, if the pumping pressure is greater than the safe fracturing threshold, the integrated control terminal judges whether a pipeline is blocked according to a change trend when the pumping pressure exceeds the safe fracturing threshold, and if the change trend is greater than a slope threshold which is changed drastically, the fracturing water pump is controlled to stop; and if the change trend is smaller than the slope threshold value of the drastic change, controlling the pump regulating valve to reduce the pumping pressure.
Further, in the step S4, the pressure flow sensor further collects flow information of the second path, and if the flow information is greater than a preset water injection amount, the integrated terminal sends an early warning prompt to the remote mobile terminal and controls the electromagnetic valve to open for pressure relief.
Further, in the step S4, if the pressure signal is greater than a preset pressure relief threshold, the integrated control terminal controls the electromagnetic valve to open emergency pressure relief.
Further, S5, after the fracturing is finished, the integrated control terminal forms a fracturing process traceability report and sends the fracturing process traceability report to the remote mobile terminal; and the fracturing process retrospective report comprises pressure and flow curves, and the fracturing parameters of the coal bed cracking and the fracturing parameters of the pressure peak value are obtained through analysis.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the scheme can control automatic pressure maintaining and pressure releasing in the fracturing process, avoid personnel to participate in field control, and reduce the hidden danger of the fracturing fluid on the health of the staff; and the scheme can monitor the change of each parameter in the fracturing process, prevent the occurrence of fracturing safety accidents caused by abnormal conditions, and improve the fracturing safety. Meanwhile, the method analyzes abnormal information of the in-hole fracturing parameters, automatically diagnoses and adjusts the fracturing parameters, sends out optimal fracturing instructions, and improves fracturing efficiency.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objects and other advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out in the specification.
Drawings
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in the following preferred detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fracturing system with automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the state of the orifice device at the time of fracturing;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the orifice device during dwell time;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an annular spring base;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fracturing system control for automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief.
Reference numerals: the device comprises a fracturing coal bed 1, a fracturing drilling hole 2, a sieve tube 3, a sealing fracturing string 4, a hole sealing section 5, a hole opening device sealing string thread 6, a pressure flow sensor 7, a strong spring 8, a sealing steel ball 9, an annular spring base 10, a solenoid valve 11, a hole opening device DN connector 12, a high-pressure rubber tube 13, a solenoid valve signal wire 14, a fracturing pump control signal wire 15, a display screen 16, an integrated computer 17, a water tank 18, a fracturing pump 19 and a remote explosion-proof control mobile phone 20.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic idea of the present invention by way of illustration, and the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are shown in schematic, non-physical, and not intended to limit the invention; for the purpose of better illustrating embodiments of the invention, certain elements of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced and do not represent the size of the actual product; it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numbers in the drawings of embodiments of the invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that, if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., that indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on the azimuth or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but not for indicating or suggesting that the referred device or element must have a specific azimuth, be constructed and operated in a specific azimuth, so that the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are merely for exemplary illustration and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that the specific meaning of the above terms may be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a fracturing system with automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief includes an orifice device arranged outside a hole sealing section of a fracturing drill hole 2; the orifice device comprises a first path, a second path and a third path which are sequentially communicated according to the direction of water injection flow; the axes of the first path, the second path and the third path are collinear. The orifice device is provided with a DN connector 12 at the water inlet of the first diameter, the first diameter is connected with a high-pressure rubber tube 13 through the DN connector 12, the high-pressure rubber tube 13 is connected with a fracturing water pump, the fracturing water pump consists of a fracturing pump 19 and a water tank 18, and the fracturing pump 19 provides pump power to pump out water in the water tank 18. The third path is provided with an orifice device sealing pipe column thread fastener 6, the third path is fixedly connected with the sealing fracturing pipe column 4 through threads, and the third path passes through the sealing fracturing pipe column 4 and is connected with the sieve tube 3 through the hole sealing section 5. The caliber of the third diameter is larger than that of the second diameter, so that the water flow entering the sealed fracturing tubular column is increased, the fracturing efficiency is improved, the caliber of the third diameter from the water inlet to the water outlet is gradually increased, the water pressure change caused by overlarge caliber change of the second diameter and the third diameter can be prevented, and the water pressure stability of water flow entering the third diameter is improved. The caliber of the second diameter is larger than that of the first diameter; the water outlet of the second diameter is fixedly connected with an annular spring base 10, a powerful spring 8 facing the water inlet of the second diameter is fixed on the annular spring base 10, and the free end of the powerful spring 8 is fixedly connected with a blocking steel ball 9; the diameter of the plugging steel ball 9 is between the caliber of the first diameter and the caliber of the second diameter; the junction of first latus rectum and second latus rectum is the transition cambered surface. The second diameter is also provided with a pressure relief pipeline, and the pressure relief pipeline is communicated with the outside through an electromagnetic valve 11.
The second path is provided with a pressure flow sensor; the electromagnetic valve 11 is electrically connected with an integrated computer 17 (namely an integrated control terminal) through an electromagnetic valve signal wire 14, and the integrated computer 17 is electrically connected with a fracturing pump 19 through a fracturing pump control signal wire 14;
the pressure flow sensor 7 collects pressure signals in the second path and transmits the pressure signals to the integrated computer 17; the integrated computer 17 controls the fracturing pump 19 to be closed according to the pressure signal, and controls the electromagnetic valve 11 to be opened and closed; the integrated computer 17 communicates with the remote anti-explosion control handset 20 (i.e. remote mobile terminal) through a wireless communication module (e.g. WIFI module, 5G communication module, etc.), receives an instruction sent by the remote anti-explosion control handset 20, or sends information such as monitoring data and control results to the remote anti-explosion control handset 20.
In this embodiment, the length of the strong spring 8 when not stressed is equal to or slightly greater than the length of the second diameter, and since the second diameter further includes the blocking steel ball 9 and the annular spring base 10, which both occupy a certain space, the strong spring 8 is in a slightly compressed state at the beginning, and before fracturing, the blocking steel ball 9 is pressed against the water inlet of the second diameter by the elastic force of the restoring deformation of the strong spring 8, so as to avoid leakage of coalbed methane through the orifice device when the orifice device is installed. Compared with other plugging materials, the plugging steel ball 9 is adopted in the scheme, so that the plugging materials can move more smoothly in the second path, the contact area of the small ball at the sealing position of the second path is smaller than that of other structures, larger space high-pressure water flow can be generated when the small ball moves, the water flow of the high-pressure water flow in the impact process is larger, the pressure required to be kept for fracturing is reached more quickly, and the fracturing efficiency is improved.
The fracturing control method for automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief comprises the following steps:
s1, after the connection and power-on of the system are confirmed, a starting signal is sent to the integrated computer 17 through the remote anti-explosion control mobile phone 20.
And S2, after the integrated computer 17 receives the starting signal, the fracturing pump 19 is controlled to start under zero load.
At this time, the fracturing pump 19 pumps water out of the water tank 18 and conveys the water to the first drift diameter through the high-pressure rubber pipe 13, so that the water pressure in the first drift diameter is gradually increased, when the water pressure in the first drift diameter is larger than the elastic force of the strong spring 8 to the plugging steel ball 9, the plugging steel ball 9 is pushed to move leftwards by high-pressure water flow, so that the strong spring 8 is further compressed, the high-pressure water passes through a gap between the plugging steel ball 9 and the second drift diameter, and then enters the third drift diameter, and enters the fracturing drilling hole 2 through the sealing fracturing string 4 and the sieve tube 3, and the fracturing starts in the fracturing coal seam 1.
S3, acquiring pressure signals and flow signals in the second path in real time through a pressure flow sensor 7; judging whether the pressure signal is greater than or equal to a pressure maintaining condition threshold value, if not, regulating the fracturing pump 19 to gradually boost pressure until the pressure signal is greater than or equal to the pressure maintaining condition threshold value; if yes, the fracturing pump 19 is controlled to be gradually reduced to be closed, and meanwhile pressure maintaining timing is performed.
When the pressure signal is greater than or equal to the pressure maintaining condition threshold value, the pressure condition required by fracturing is met, the fracturing pump 19 does not provide high-pressure water flow any more, the integrated computer 17 controls the fracturing pump 19 to stop the pump through the fracturing pump control signal line 15, the pressure on the first diameter side returns to be normal, the water pressure in the fracturing pipe is greater than the water pressure on the first diameter side, the pressure of the high-pressure water and the elastic force of the restoring deformation of the strong spring 8 are added to squeeze and push the sealing steel ball 9 to move to the first diameter side, the sealing steel ball 9 is propped against the joint of the first diameter and the second diameter with larger pressure, the outflow of the fracturing liquid is prevented, and the automatic pressure maintaining function is realized. According to the scheme, the pressure relief pipeline is used for pressure relief, the pressure maintaining and pressure relief functions of the one-way valve are shared to the two structures, when high-pressure water is injected and pressure maintaining is carried out, the generated water hammer pressure is smaller, if the plugging steel ball is used as a plugging object, the water flow is in a smooth streamline shape in gaps at two sides of the steel ball due to the round ball-shaped structure, the generated water hammer pressure is smaller, the influence on the inner wall of the orifice device is far smaller than that of the one-way valve, and the damage caused by excessive force on the device is avoided; when the pressure is released, as the electromagnetic valve is initially in a closed state, the pressure release is easier when the electromagnetic valve is opened under higher water pressure than when the electromagnetic valve is closed under higher water pressure, and the damage to the valve is smaller, so that the electromagnetic valve is safer and more durable than a one-way valve
S4, judging whether pressure relief is needed according to the pressure signal and the flow signal; the method specifically comprises the following steps:
pressure relief of the excess water: judging whether the flow information is larger than a preset water injection amount, if so, the integrated computer 17 sends an early warning prompt to the remote explosion-proof control mobile phone 20 and controls the electromagnetic valve 11 to open for pressure relief; if not, continuing to maintain the pressure;
emergency pressure relief: judging whether the pressure signal is larger than a preset pressure relief threshold (namely, the orifice pressure maintaining condition in fig. 5, which is 0.5Mpa in the implementation), if yes, the integrated computer 17 sends an early warning signal to the remote explosion-proof control mobile phone 20, and sends an instruction to the remote control electromagnetic valve 11 to start emergency pressure relief through the remote explosion-proof control mobile phone 20, if not, the pressure maintaining is continued;
pressure relief time is satisfied: and judging whether the time of the pressure maintaining timing is more than or equal to the preset pressure maintaining time, and controlling the electromagnetic valve 11 to open for pressure relief by the integrated computer 17.
S5, after the fracturing is finished, the integrated computer 17 forms a fracturing process traceable report and sends the fracturing process traceable report to the remote explosion-proof control mobile phone 20; the fracturing process retrospective report comprises pressure and flow curves, and the fracturing parameters of the coal bed are obtained through analysis. The integrated computer 17 displays through the display screen 16.
The fracturing water pump is provided with a temperature sensor at the reciprocating pump and is used for collecting the oil temperature of the reciprocating pump; and a pump injection pressure sensor and a pump regulating valve are arranged at the water outlet of the fracturing water pump, the pump regulating valve is electrically connected with the integrated control terminal, and pump injection pressure is collected through the pump injection pressure sensor and transmitted to the integrated control terminal.
In the step S2 (i.e. in the fracturing process), the integrated computer further performs abnormal analysis according to the collected parameters such as the motor shaft temperature, the reciprocating pump oil temperature, the pumping pressure, etc., automatically identifies the state of the fracturing pump 19, and makes a judgment, thereby performing optimal fracturing control and improving the fracturing efficiency.
If the oil temperature of the reciprocating pump is greater than a preset oil temperature threshold, the integrated control terminal controls the fracturing water pump to stop pumping, and in the embodiment, the preset oil temperature threshold is 70 degrees.
If the pumping pressure is smaller than a safe fracturing threshold (40 MPa in the embodiment), the integrated control terminal controls the pump regulating valve to increase the pumping pressure; if the pumping pressure is greater than the safe fracturing threshold, the integrated control terminal judges whether pipeline blockage occurs according to the change trend when the pumping pressure exceeds the safe fracturing threshold, and if the change trend is greater than the slope threshold of violent change, the integrated control terminal controls the fracturing water pump to stop pumping; and if the change trend is smaller than the slope threshold value of the drastic change, controlling the pump regulating valve to reduce the pumping pressure.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automatic pressurize and long-range fracturing system who releases which characterized in that: comprises an orifice device arranged outside the hole sealing section; the orifice device comprises a first path, a second path and a third path which are sequentially communicated according to the direction of water injection flow; the axes of the first path, the second path and the third path are collinear; the first diameter is connected with a fracturing water pump through a high-pressure rubber pipe, and the third diameter is connected with a sieve tube through a sealing fracturing tubular column and the hole sealing section; the caliber of the third path is larger than that of the second path, and the caliber of the second path is larger than that of the first path; the water outlet of the second diameter is fixedly connected with an annular spring base, a powerful spring facing the water inlet of the second diameter is fixed on the annular spring base, and the free end of the powerful spring is fixedly connected with a blocking steel ball; the diameter of the plugging steel ball is between the caliber of the first diameter and the caliber of the second diameter; the second diameter is also provided with a pressure relief pipeline which is communicated with the outside through an electromagnetic valve; the second path is provided with a pressure flow sensor; the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with the integrated control terminal through an electromagnetic valve signal wire, and the integrated control terminal is electrically connected with the fracturing water pump through a fracturing pump control signal wire;
the pressure flow sensor collects pressure signals in the second path and transmits the pressure signals to the integrated control terminal; the integrated control terminal controls the fracturing water pump to be closed according to the pressure signal, and controls the electromagnetic valve to be opened and closed; the integrated control terminal is communicated with the remote mobile terminal through the wireless communication module.
2. The automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief fracturing system according to claim 1, wherein: the junction of first latus rectum and second latus rectum is the transition cambered surface.
3. The automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief fracturing system according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the strong spring is longer than that of the second diameter when the strong spring is not stressed.
4. The fracturing control method for automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief is characterized by being applied to the fracturing system for automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief according to claim 1, and comprises the following steps:
s1, after the connection and the power-on of a system are confirmed, a starting signal is sent to an integrated control terminal through a remote mobile terminal;
s2, the integrated control terminal receives the starting signal and controls zero-load starting of the fracturing water pump;
s3, acquiring a pressure signal in a second path in real time through a pressure flow sensor, judging whether the pressure signal is more than or equal to a pressure maintaining condition threshold value, and if not, adjusting a fracturing water pump to gradually boost pressure until the pressure signal is more than or equal to the pressure maintaining condition threshold value; if yes, controlling the fracturing water pump to gradually decrease to be closed, and simultaneously keeping pressure and timing;
and S4, if the time of the pressure maintaining timing is greater than or equal to the preset pressure maintaining time, the integrated control terminal controls the electromagnetic valve to open for pressure relief.
5. The fracturing control method of automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief according to claim 4, wherein: the fracturing water pump is provided with a temperature sensor at the reciprocating pump and is used for collecting the oil temperature of the reciprocating pump; in the step S2, if the oil temperature of the reciprocating pump is greater than a preset oil temperature threshold, the integrated control terminal controls the fracturing water pump to stop pumping.
6. The fracturing control method of automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief according to claim 4, wherein: a pump injection pressure sensor and a pump regulating valve are arranged at a water outlet of the fracturing water pump, the pump regulating valve is electrically connected with the integrated control terminal, and pump injection pressure is collected through the pump injection pressure sensor and transmitted to the integrated control terminal; in the step S2, if the pumping pressure is smaller than the safe fracturing threshold, the integrated control terminal controls the pump regulating valve to increase the pumping pressure.
7. The fracturing control method of automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief according to claim 6, wherein: in the step S2, if the pumping pressure is greater than the safe fracturing threshold, the integrated control terminal judges whether the pipeline is blocked according to the change trend when the pumping pressure exceeds the safe fracturing threshold, and if the change trend is greater than the slope threshold of violent change, the fracturing water pump is controlled to stop; and if the change trend is smaller than the slope threshold value of the drastic change, controlling the pump regulating valve to reduce the pumping pressure.
8. The fracturing control method of automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief according to claim 4, wherein: in the step S4, the pressure flow sensor further collects flow information of the second path, and if the flow information is greater than a preset water injection amount, the integrated terminal sends an early warning prompt to the remote mobile terminal and controls the electromagnetic valve to open for pressure relief.
9. The fracturing control method of automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief according to claim 4, wherein: in the step S4, if the pressure signal is greater than a preset pressure relief threshold, the integrated control terminal controls the electromagnetic valve to open emergency pressure relief.
10. The fracturing control method of automatic pressure maintaining and remote pressure relief according to claim 4, wherein: s5, after the fracturing is finished, the integrated control terminal forms a fracturing process traceability report and sends the fracturing process traceability report to the remote mobile terminal; the fracturing process retrospective report comprises pressure and flow curves, and the fracturing parameters of the coal bed are obtained through analysis.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310553932.8A CN116537757A (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Fracturing system capable of automatically maintaining pressure and remotely releasing pressure and control method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310553932.8A CN116537757A (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Fracturing system capable of automatically maintaining pressure and remotely releasing pressure and control method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116537757A true CN116537757A (en) | 2023-08-04 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202310553932.8A Pending CN116537757A (en) | 2023-05-16 | 2023-05-16 | Fracturing system capable of automatically maintaining pressure and remotely releasing pressure and control method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN116537757A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-05-16 CN CN202310553932.8A patent/CN116537757A/en active Pending
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