CN105041213A - Carbon dioxide gas drilling apparatus and method - Google Patents
Carbon dioxide gas drilling apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN105041213A CN105041213A CN201510188897.XA CN201510188897A CN105041213A CN 105041213 A CN105041213 A CN 105041213A CN 201510188897 A CN201510188897 A CN 201510188897A CN 105041213 A CN105041213 A CN 105041213A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of oil gas drilling technology, and relates to a carbon dioxide gas drilling apparatus and method. A gas tank and a booster pump form an original power system of the whole apparatus, the original power system is connected with an underground device through a drilling rod and a high-pressure inlet, and the bottom of a nozzle is connected with a drill. An underground piston is connected with a hydraulic scavenging valve in a power mode through hydraulic oil in a hydraulic control chamber. An upper pressure chamber of the piston and a lower pressure chamber of the piston are arranged in the piston. A first grade pressurizing chamber and a second grade pressurizing chamber are respectively arranged in the upper and lower portions of the piston, and connected in series with the high-pressure inlet and the nozzle through a non-return valve and a fluid pipe. A low-pressure outlet is arranged in the bottom of a well and connected with an annulus. The carbon dioxide gas drilling apparatus is simple in structure, reliable in principle, low in economic cost, easy to implement and environmental friendly.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to Oil & Gas Drilling Technology field, relate to a kind of in once constructing, realize ground gaseous carbon dioxide to be converted in shaft bottom underground high-voltage supercriticality, formation shaft bottom CO 2 high pressure jet instrument and supplies, particularly a kind of carbon dioxide drilling rig and method.
Background technology:
High-pressure water jet breaks that rock threshold pressure is low, efficiency of breaking rock is high, and threshold pressure is about the 60%-70% of mechanical rock breaking, is thus widely used in well drilling and rock crushing.Along with going deep into of research, supercritical carbon dioxide is also used as Jetstream fluid, external experimental study proves that the direct jet of supercritical carbon dioxide breaks 3.3 times that rock speed is water jet, therefore develop supercritical CO 2 high pressure fluidics to energy-saving and emission-reduction, improve drilling speed and cost-saving significant.But high-pressure spray breaking technique for rock also exists some problems at present, main cause is that high-pressure spray is high to ground booster pump performance, fluid line requirement of strength, thus equipment manufacturing cost high, easily there is potential safety hazard.Especially for carbon dioxide, because the gasholder volume of pressure car is large, allowable pressure is generally at 2 ~ 3MPa, if normal temperature then carbon dioxide is in gaseous state, during the booster pump supercharging of ground, compression coefficient is large, is difficult to increase to high pressure, must need secondary or three grades of booster pumps, experience gaseous state arrives the process of high-pressure liquid again to low-pressure liquid, thus makes ground installation complexity, maintenance cost high.Can take to be in liquid state to the method for gasholder cooling to make carbon dioxide, but also can increase extra refrigeration cycle apparatus and maintenance cost.In addition, above-mentioned two kinds of measures all require that ground booster pump has high withstand voltage properties.
Summary of the invention:
The shortcoming that the present invention exists to overcome prior art, design a kind of carbon dioxide drilling rig and method, in construction, realize ground gaseous carbon dioxide to be converted into underground high-voltage supercriticality in shaft bottom, to form shaft bottom CO 2 high pressure jet thus to reach broken effect by this device; This apparatus structure is simple, and principle is reliable, and financial cost is low, and method is easy to realize, and applied environment is friendly.
To achieve these goals, the agent structure of the carbon dioxide drilling rig that the present invention relates to comprises pressure chamber, one way valve, choke valve and fluid line composition on gasholder, booster pump, drilling rod, hydraulic control chamber, high pressure entry, one-level booster cavity, hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve, low tension outlet, piston, drill bit, nozzle, two-stage supercharging chamber, piston downforce chamber, piston; The gasholder being placed in ground table top stores the carbon dioxide of gaseous state, and provide fluid circulation power by booster pump, gasholder and booster pump form the original power system of whole device, and are connected with earth's surface lower device with high pressure entry by drilling rod, and the bottom connection of nozzle is shaped with drill bit; The piston of bottom, earth's surface is connected with hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve power by the hydraulic oil in hydraulic control chamber; On piston, pressure chamber and piston downforce chamber are positioned at the inside of piston; One-level booster cavity and two-stage supercharging chamber lay respectively at the upper and lower of piston, and are contacted with high pressure entry, nozzle respectively by one way valve and fluid line; Produce when piston is by moving back and forth pressure fluctuation hydraulic control scavenging air valve to carry out on piston high and low pressure in pressure chamber and piston downforce chamber alternately, its Intermediate High Pressure comes from the pressure carbon dioxide of the high pressure entry above piston, and low-pressure is from the pressure carbon dioxide of the low tension outlet be positioned at below hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve; Low tension outlet is placed on shaft bottom and is connected with annular space, and low tension outlet can relatively high pressure gas rapidly on the piston that is connected of emptying in pressure chamber or piston downforce chamber, is formed the low-pressure fuel injection of bottom rock and participate in shaft bottom to take rock process; Move up and down under the pressure differential effect in piston pressure chamber and piston downforce chamber on piston, two-step supercharging is carried out to the carbon dioxide in one-level booster cavity and two-stage supercharging chamber; Gas backflow when one way valve is used for preventing supercharging, and the gas after supercharging can spray broken rock by nozzle to downhole formation rock formation; The choke valve of ground table top, for controlling annular pressure, in piston area than certain, realizes the control to pressure in pressurization together with booster pump.
The concrete steps that the present invention realizes carbon dioxide drilling well are:
(1) open gasholder, carry out limited supercharging by booster pump convection cell, fluid circulation power is provided;
(2) gas after supercharging is by high pressure entry, and a part enters one-level booster cavity, and another part enters pressure chamber and piston downforce chamber on piston by hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve;
(3) move up and down under the pressure differential effect in piston pressure chamber and piston downforce chamber on piston, during descent of piston, on piston, pressure chamber connects high pressure entry, piston downforce chamber connects low tension outlet, and one-level booster cavity air-breathing and two-stage supercharging chamber are to gas boosting; During piston stroking upward in contrast, on piston, pressure chamber connects low tension outlet, piston downforce chamber connects high pressure entry, and one-level booster cavity is two-stage supercharging chamber air-breathing to gas boosting;
(4) during piston stroking upward, hydraulic control cavity pressure raises, during descent of piston, hydraulic control cavity pressure reduces, thus promotion hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve inner spool and piston do corresponding sports, realize the switching that on piston, pressure chamber and piston downforce chamber are connected with high pressure entry and low-pressure inlet and change;
(5) gases at high pressure after supercharging spray broken rock by nozzle to downhole formation rock formation, add after nozzle that drill bit forms mechanical waterpower combined-breaking rock, choke valve is for controlling annular pressure, in piston area than certain, choke valve and booster pump realize the control to pressure in pressurization, realize carbon dioxide drilling well.
The operating principle of the present embodiment is, because cyclic pressure dissipation and flow area change, the gaseous carbon dioxide pumped in drilling rod has pressure differential with the carbon dioxide entered in annular space through bit nozzle, utilizes the low-pressure gas of large area piston end to drive and produces the high-pressure fluid of small area piston end; Utilize larger piston end to carry out elementary supercharging to gas, utilize comparatively valve piston end to carry out two-stage supercharging to gas; By the pressure oscillation that piston movement causes, control scavenging air valve and carry out runner switching, realize the high and low voltage exchange of large area piston pressure at both sides, form the reciprocating motion of piston.
Compared with prior art, implementation is simple in the present invention, reduces equipment cost and drops into, avoid hypertonia and damage fluid line, reduce potential safety hazard.
Accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is the agent structure principle schematic of the carbon dioxide drilling rig that the present invention relates to.
Fig. 2 is the agent structure principle schematic partial enlarged drawing of the carbon dioxide drilling rig that the present invention relates to.
Detailed description of the invention:
Also be described further by reference to the accompanying drawings below by embodiment.
Embodiment 1:
The agent structure of the carbon dioxide drilling rig that the present embodiment relates to comprises pressure chamber 14, one way valve 15 and choke valve 18 and fluid line composition on gasholder 1, booster pump 2, drilling rod 3, hydraulic control chamber 4, high pressure entry 5, one-level booster cavity 6, hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve 7, low tension outlet 8, piston 9, drill bit 10, nozzle 11, two-stage supercharging chamber 12, piston downforce chamber 13, piston; Be placed in the carbon dioxide that ground table top gasholder 1 stores gaseous state, provide fluid circulation power by booster pump 2, gasholder 1 and the original power system of booster pump 2 constituent apparatus, be connected with earth's surface lower device with high pressure entry 5 by drilling rod 3; The bottom connection of nozzle 11 is shaped with drill bit 10, and the piston 9 of bottom, earth's surface is connected with hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve 7 power by the hydraulic oil in chamber, hydraulic control chamber 4; On piston, pressure chamber 14 and piston downforce chamber 13 are positioned at the inside of piston 9; One-level booster cavity 6 and two-stage supercharging chamber 12 lay respectively at the upper and lower of piston 9, are contacted by one way valve 15 and pipeline and high pressure entry 5 and nozzle 11; Produce when piston 9 is by moving back and forth pressure fluctuation hydraulic control scavenging air valve 7 to carry out on piston high and low pressure in pressure chamber 14 and piston downforce chamber 13 alternately, its Intermediate High Pressure comes from the pressure carbon dioxide of the high pressure entry 5 above piston 9, and low-pressure is from the pressure carbon dioxide of the low tension outlet 8 be positioned at below hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve 7; Low tension outlet 8 is placed on shaft bottom and is connected with annular space 16, and low tension outlet 8 can relatively high pressure gas rapidly on the piston that is connected of emptying in pressure chamber 14 or piston downforce chamber 13, is formed the low-pressure fuel injection of bottom rock and participate in shaft bottom to take rock process; Move up and down under the pressure differential in piston 9 pressure chamber 14 and piston downforce chamber 13 on piston, two-step supercharging is carried out to the carbon dioxide in one-level booster cavity 6 and two-stage supercharging chamber 12; Gas backflow when one way valve 15 is used for preventing supercharging, and the gas after supercharging sprays broken rock by nozzle 11 pairs of downhole formation 17 rock formations; The choke valve 18 of ground table top, for controlling annular space 16 pressure, when piston 9 area ratio is certain, realizes the control of pressure in pressurization together with booster pump 2.
The concrete steps that the present embodiment realizes carbon dioxide drilling well are:
(1) open gasholder 1, carry out limited supercharging by booster pump 2 convection cell, fluid circulation power is provided;
(2) gas after supercharging is by high pressure entry 5, and a part enters one-level booster cavity 6, and another part is by entering pressure chamber 13 or piston downforce chamber 14 on piston during hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve 7;
(3) move up and down under the pressure differential in piston 9 pressure chamber 14 or piston downforce chamber 13 on piston, time descending, on piston, pressure chamber 14 connects high pressure entry 5, piston downforce chamber 13 connects low tension outlet 8, one-level booster cavity 6 air-breathing and 12 pairs, two-stage supercharging chamber gas boosting; Time up in contrast, on piston, pressure chamber 14 connects low tension outlet 8, piston downforce chamber 13 connects high pressure entry 5, one-level booster cavity 6 pairs of gas boostings and two-stage supercharging chamber 12 air-breathing;
(4) when piston 9 is up, in hydraulic control chamber 4, pressure raises, time descending, in hydraulic control chamber 4, pressure reduces, thus promotion hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve 7 inner spool and piston do corresponding sports, realize the switching that on piston, pressure chamber 14 or piston downforce chamber 13 are connected with high pressure entry 5 and low-pressure inlet 8 and change;
(5) gases at high pressure after supercharging spray broken rock by nozzle 11 pairs of downhole formation 17 rock formations, also can add after nozzle that drill bit 10 forms mechanical waterpower combined-breaking rock, annular space 16 pressure can be controlled by choke valve 18, when piston 9 area ratio is certain, moderate control can be carried out to pressurization together with ground booster pump 2.
The operating principle of the present embodiment is, because cyclic pressure dissipation and flow area change, the gaseous carbon dioxide pumped in drilling rod has pressure differential with the carbon dioxide entered in annular space through bit nozzle, utilizes the low-pressure gas of large area piston end to drive and produces the high-pressure fluid of small area piston end; Utilize larger piston end to carry out elementary supercharging to gas, utilize comparatively valve piston end to carry out two-stage supercharging to gas; By the pressure oscillation that piston movement causes, control scavenging air valve and carry out runner switching, realize the high and low voltage exchange of large area piston pressure at both sides, form the reciprocating motion of piston.
Claims (2)
1. a carbon dioxide drilling rig, is characterized in that agent structure comprises pressure chamber, one way valve, choke valve and fluid line composition on gasholder, booster pump, drilling rod, hydraulic control chamber, high pressure entry, one-level booster cavity, hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve, low tension outlet, piston, drill bit, nozzle, two-stage supercharging chamber, piston downforce chamber, piston; The gasholder being placed in ground table top stores the carbon dioxide of gaseous state, and provide fluid circulation power by booster pump, gasholder and booster pump form the original power system of whole device, and are connected with earth's surface lower device with high pressure entry by drilling rod, and the bottom connection of nozzle is shaped with drill bit; The piston of bottom, earth's surface is connected with hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve power by the hydraulic oil in hydraulic control chamber; On piston, pressure chamber and piston downforce chamber are positioned at the inside of piston; One-level booster cavity and two-stage supercharging chamber lay respectively at the upper and lower of piston, and are contacted with high pressure entry, nozzle respectively by one way valve and fluid line; Produce when piston is by moving back and forth pressure fluctuation hydraulic control scavenging air valve to carry out on piston high and low pressure in pressure chamber and piston downforce chamber alternately, its Intermediate High Pressure comes from the pressure carbon dioxide of the high pressure entry above piston, and low-pressure is from the pressure carbon dioxide of the low tension outlet be positioned at below hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve; Low tension outlet is placed on shaft bottom and is connected with annular space, and low tension outlet can relatively high pressure gas rapidly on the piston that is connected of emptying in pressure chamber or piston downforce chamber, is formed the low-pressure fuel injection of bottom rock and participate in shaft bottom to take rock process; Move up and down under the pressure differential effect in piston pressure chamber and piston downforce chamber on piston, two-step supercharging is carried out to the carbon dioxide in one-level booster cavity and two-stage supercharging chamber; Gas backflow when one way valve is used for preventing supercharging, and the gas after supercharging can spray broken rock by nozzle to downhole formation rock formation; The choke valve of ground table top, for controlling annular pressure, in piston area than certain, realizes the control to pressure in pressurization together with booster pump.
2. adopt a method for carbon dioxide drilling rig drilling well as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that the concrete steps of drilling well are:
(1) open gasholder, carry out limited supercharging by booster pump convection cell, fluid circulation power is provided;
(2) gas after supercharging is by high pressure entry, and a part enters one-level booster cavity, and another part enters pressure chamber and piston downforce chamber on piston by hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve;
(3) move up and down under the pressure differential effect in piston pressure chamber and piston downforce chamber on piston, during descent of piston, on piston, pressure chamber connects high pressure entry, piston downforce chamber connects low tension outlet, and one-level booster cavity air-breathing and two-stage supercharging chamber are to gas boosting; During piston stroking upward in contrast, on piston, pressure chamber connects low tension outlet, piston downforce chamber connects high pressure entry, and one-level booster cavity is two-stage supercharging chamber air-breathing to gas boosting;
(4) during piston stroking upward, hydraulic control cavity pressure raises, during descent of piston, hydraulic control cavity pressure reduces, thus promotion hydraulic pressure scavenging air valve inner spool and piston do corresponding sports, realize the switching that on piston, pressure chamber and piston downforce chamber are connected with high pressure entry and low-pressure inlet and change;
(5) gases at high pressure after supercharging spray broken rock by nozzle to downhole formation rock formation, add after nozzle that drill bit forms mechanical waterpower combined-breaking rock, choke valve is for controlling annular pressure, in piston area than certain, choke valve and booster pump realize the control to pressure in pressurization, realize carbon dioxide drilling well.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510188897.XA CN105041213B (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2015-04-21 | A kind of carbon dioxide drilling rig and method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510188897.XA CN105041213B (en) | 2015-04-21 | 2015-04-21 | A kind of carbon dioxide drilling rig and method |
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| CN105041213A true CN105041213A (en) | 2015-11-11 |
| CN105041213B CN105041213B (en) | 2017-03-01 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108590512A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-28 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of flammable ice-cold drilling method and device |
| CN109441354A (en) * | 2018-12-22 | 2019-03-08 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of pulsating cyclic shock wave auxiliary rock device |
| CN109899081A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-18 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Utilize the development machine of supercritical carbon dioxide jet stream broken rock |
| CN114059977A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-18 | 山东德仕石油装备有限公司 | Collect and utilize carbon dioxide gaseous state injection well oil recovery device |
| CN114352302A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 山东科技大学 | Based on CO2Fracturing rectangular drilling device and drilling and tunneling method |
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| CN1006994B (en) * | 1984-01-20 | 1990-02-28 | 哈利伯顿公司 | Fracturing method for stimulation of wells utilizing carbon dioyide based fluids |
| US6347675B1 (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2002-02-19 | Tempress Technologies, Inc. | Coiled tubing drilling with supercritical carbon dioxide |
| CN102409976A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2012-04-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Radial horizontal drilling system using supercritical carbon dioxide and drilling method thereof |
| CN102477845A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-05-30 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method for drilling horizontal well with super-short radius |
-
2015
- 2015-04-21 CN CN201510188897.XA patent/CN105041213B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1006994B (en) * | 1984-01-20 | 1990-02-28 | 哈利伯顿公司 | Fracturing method for stimulation of wells utilizing carbon dioyide based fluids |
| US6347675B1 (en) * | 1999-03-15 | 2002-02-19 | Tempress Technologies, Inc. | Coiled tubing drilling with supercritical carbon dioxide |
| CN102477845A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2012-05-30 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Method for drilling horizontal well with super-short radius |
| CN102409976A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2012-04-11 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Radial horizontal drilling system using supercritical carbon dioxide and drilling method thereof |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108590512A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-09-28 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of flammable ice-cold drilling method and device |
| CN108590512B (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2023-10-10 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Combustible ice-cold drilling method and device |
| CN109441354A (en) * | 2018-12-22 | 2019-03-08 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of pulsating cyclic shock wave auxiliary rock device |
| CN109899081A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-18 | 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 | Utilize the development machine of supercritical carbon dioxide jet stream broken rock |
| CN114059977A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-02-18 | 山东德仕石油装备有限公司 | Collect and utilize carbon dioxide gaseous state injection well oil recovery device |
| CN114059977B (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2024-04-02 | 德仕能源科技集团股份有限公司 | Device for collecting and utilizing carbon dioxide gas injection well oil extraction |
| CN114352302A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-15 | 山东科技大学 | Based on CO2Fracturing rectangular drilling device and drilling and tunneling method |
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| CN105041213B (en) | 2017-03-01 |
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Granted publication date: 20170301 Termination date: 20180421 |