CN116537534A - Construction method of high and large formwork engineering supporting system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a construction method for a tall formwork engineering support system, which includes the following construction steps: formwork bracket erection → wall and column reinforcement binding → wall and column formwork installation → beam and slab formwork installation → beam and slab Formwork reinforcement → formwork safety inspection → wall and column concrete pouring → beam and slab reinforcement binding → beam and slab concrete pouring and maintenance → formwork removal. The support system built by the construction method of the present invention is more stable in support, and the use of the buckle-type support is faster to set up, and it is easy to disassemble and assemble, which is convenient for the turnover and use of materials. Construction quality of buildings.

Description

A construction method for tall formwork engineering support system

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of building construction, in particular to a construction method for a tall formwork engineering support system.

Background technique

The building formwork is a temporary support structure, which is manufactured according to the design requirements, so that the concrete structure and components are formed according to the specified position and geometric size, maintain their correct position, and bear the self-weight of the building formwork and the external load acting on it. The purpose of formwork engineering is to ensure the quality of concrete engineering and construction safety, speed up the construction progress and reduce engineering costs. The building formwork structure used in the construction of cast-in-place concrete structures is mainly composed of three parts: panels, support structures and connectors. The panel is the load-bearing slab that directly contacts the freshly poured concrete; the support structure is a temporary structure that supports the panel, concrete and construction loads, ensuring that the building formwork structure is firmly combined without deformation or damage; the connector is the connection between the panel and the support Fittings that join the structure into a whole

With the rapid development of the national economy and the increasing material and cultural needs of the people, the scale of my country's engineering construction has continued to expand, and its shape has also continued to increase and become more complex, especially for large spaces, large spans, and novel shapes required by some public facilities. Tall formwork support systems are used more and more widely and frequently in the field of building construction. The formwork support system of horizontal concrete members with a height of more than 8m or a span of more than 18m, a total construction load greater than 15KN/㎡, or a formwork support system with a concentrated line load greater than 20KN/m belongs to the tall formwork project. In actual construction, the tall formwork support system has load Large, high, diverse, complex, and high-risk. Most of the collapse accidents that occurred in the past few years were due to excessive deformation or load under load, which led to the instability of the tall formwork support system and the collapse of the building. , which seriously affects the construction safety of large buildings. Therefore, the stability of the tall formwork support system plays a vital role in the success of the project construction.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a construction method for a tall formwork engineering support system, which can ensure the stability of the entire support system, improve the construction quality of the building, and ensure construction safety under the principles of convenient assembly and disassembly and flexible erection.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:

A construction method for a tall formwork engineering support system, comprising the following construction procedures:

Erection of formwork support→wall and column reinforcement binding→wall and column formwork installation→beam and slab formwork installation→beam and slab formwork reinforcement→formwork safety inspection→wall and column concrete pouring→beam and slab reinforcement binding→beam and slab concrete pouring and maintenance → Formwork removal;

The formwork support is a buckle support, and the erection process includes: setting out wire positioning → placing the adjustable base according to the positioning → placing a standard base on the adjustable base → installing a sweeping bar on the standard base → using a steel tape measure and wire rope Straighten the frame body → level the frame body with a level and a wire rope → install the two-step and above vertical bar and cross bar → install the diagonal stay bar → until the top is installed, the cross bar and the inclined bar → install the U-shaped jacking and the primary and secondary Leng;

Beam formwork installation includes: spring beam axis and review→build formwork frame→adjust joist beam→swing main beam→place beam bottom formwork and fix it→beam bottom arching→beam reinforcement→install side formwork→side formstay cable support→recheck Beam formwork size, elevation, position → fasten with adjacent formwork;

The installation of the column slab formwork includes: checking the chassis control line→checking the column reinforcement→closing the mold→adjusting and correcting→reinforcing the column hoop→pull through the long line→self-inspection and repair;

Wall formwork installation includes: check the position of the ink line on the wall → install it in place → side wall formwork → drill the opposite pull screw hole and install the through wall screw → install the other side wall formwork → drill the opposite pull screw hole and align the upper through wall screw → check Or adjust the vertical inner corrugated square tube spacing → install horizontal double steel pipe outer corrugated, temporarily fix the wall-through screw → check and adjust the verticality of the formwork and install the support → fasten the wall-through screw nut → install the side formwork with reserved holes.

Further, when installing the pan buckle support, firstly position, stake out and place the adjustable base, then install the starting bar on the adjustable base and set up the first layer of horizontal bars on the starting bar, and place the first layer on the first layer Install the first layer of vertical bars at the connection between the horizontal bar and the starting bar, then install the second layer of horizontal bars at the end of the first layer of vertical bars, and then install the first layer of vertical diagonal rods between the two layers of horizontal bars ;Perform erection in sequence according to the above sequence until the erection height is reached, and then install jacking brackets at the ends of the vertical poles on the top; the installation direction of the vertical slanting rods on each layer is the same.

Furthermore, when installing the beam formwork, it is necessary to neatly lay out the rectangular square tubes with grooves according to the design spacing requirements, and then lay the bottom formwork of the beam. When laying, it should be butted with the column head and nailed firmly, and the square wood should be used as the stand and stand For support, hook the beam side formwork presser foot with iron side form clamps, then hang the beam side formwork straight, and finally fix it.

Further, when the span of the beam is greater than 4 meters, the bottom of the mid-span beam is arched. When the primary and secondary beams are handed over, the main beam is arched first, and the secondary beam is arched. The arching height is 1/1000~3/ of the beam span 1000, add a row of vertical rods in the middle of the bottom formwork of the beam to connect with the high support formwork.

Further, the upper opening of the beam side form is provided with a longitudinal full-length backer, the lower opening is provided with a longitudinal full-length clip, and a vertical stand is provided between the full-length backer and the full-length clip.

Further, double-channel steel joists are connected between the two vertical poles at the side forms of the two beams. The double-channel steel joists are arranged opposite to each other and connected by high-strength bolts. The upper and lower sides of the double-channel steel joists Both sides are equipped with upright discs, which are connected to the uprights at the beam side molds and matched with the double-channel steel joists in the up and down direction; There are at least two rooting parts, and the rooting parts are provided with an adjustable upper support, which is used to support the lower horizontal bar of the beam.

Further, the tops of the vertical poles located on the same side of the beam side form and connected with the corresponding double-channel steel joists are jointly connected with a long jacking bracket.

Further, when the column formwork is installed, the vertical secondary flute layout of the column formwork should run through the entire length of the column without breaking at the junction of beams and columns; the first column hoop of the column formwork is not less than 150mm from the bottom of the column, and the bottom The distance between the two column hoops is not less than 500mm. When setting the bolts that pass through the column, the distance between the upper and lower adjacent two opposite tension bolts is the same as the distance between the two adjacent column hoops, and the number of the opposite tension bolts is the same as that of the column. The number of hoops is the same.

Further, before the concrete pouring construction, multiple detection points are set on each construction section to detect the settlement and horizontal displacement of the formwork support.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The support system built by the construction method of the present invention has more stable support, and the use of the buckle-type bracket is faster to set up, and it is easy to disassemble and assemble, which is convenient for the turnover and use of materials; moreover, the height of the base in the support system can be adjusted to ensure that the poles of the corresponding layer The parts can be connected stably. There are multiple monitoring points in the support system to monitor the deformation, settlement and horizontal displacement of the formwork support, so that it is convenient for personnel to monitor and give early warning in real time, and to ensure the firmness of the support system and the construction safety of personnel to the greatest extent. Ultimately improving the construction quality of the building.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the installation schematic diagram of column and shear wall free surface formwork in the tall formwork engineering support system construction method of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a shear wall formwork support figure in the tall formwork engineering support system construction method of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of beam formwork installation in the construction method of the tall formwork engineering support system of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the installation schematic diagram of the side-span beam formwork in the construction method of the tall formwork engineering support system of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of installation of side-span beam formwork tool type column support in the construction method of tall formwork engineering support system of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a large sample diagram of the detail method node at A place in Fig. 5;

Figure 7 is a large sample diagram of the node at B in Figure 6;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the pull bolts used for the inner wall column in the construction method of the tall formwork engineering support system of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the pull bolts used for the outer wall column in the construction method of the tall formwork engineering support system of the present invention;

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the node of the double-channel steel joist in the construction method of the tall formwork engineering support system of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a large sample diagram of the front elevation of the double-channel steel joist in Fig. 10 connected with the vertical pole disk;

Fig. 12 is a large plan view of the connection between the double-channel steel joist and the upright disc in Fig. 10 .

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Specific embodiments of the construction method of the tall formwork engineering support system of the present invention:

This embodiment is described with a specific engineering example. The construction method of the support system of tall formwork engineering mainly includes the following construction procedures:

Erection of formwork support→wall and column reinforcement binding→wall and column formwork installation→beam and slab formwork installation→beam and slab formwork reinforcement→formwork safety inspection→wall and column concrete pouring→beam and slab reinforcement binding→beam and slab concrete pouring and Maintenance → formwork removal.

Specifically, the formwork support is a buckle support, the aspect ratio of the formwork support is controlled within 3, and the formwork support with an aspect ratio greater than 3 should take anti-overturning measures such as rigid connection with the existing structure. For the formwork support with a standard step distance of 1.5m, the vertical slanting rod arrangement should be carried out according to the erection height of the formwork support, the model of the formwork support and the design value of the axial force of the vertical pole. When designing the formwork support, the calculation operation must be performed in strict accordance with the specifications; when erecting, it must be ensured that the horizontal orientation, the vertical orientation, and the vertical pole shaft are vertical. The vertical horizontal bars are straight, and the horizontal horizontal bars are even. The distance between the vertical bars, the step distance, the vertical distance, and the horizontal distance must meet the requirements of the specification, so as to keep the whole shelf firm, stable, safe, applicable and beautiful.

The horizontal scissor support adopts the ordinary steel pipe fastener type. When the height of the frame body is 8m and above, continuous horizontal scissor braces shall be installed at the top, bottom and vertical interval of no more than 8m respectively, and the angle of the scissor braces shall be 45°～60°. When the scissor brace is long, lap joints should be used. The lap length should not be less than 1000mm, and no less than 3 rotating fasteners should be installed at equal distances. The distance from the centerline of the fastener to the main node should not be greater than 150mm.

In addition, a safety flat net shall be added every 2 floors and not greater than 10m. The safety net shall meet the following requirements: (1) The material, specifications, requirements and physical properties, fire resistance and flame retardancy of the safety net shall meet the current national standards The provisions of "Safety Net" GB5725; (2) The safety net should be firm, tight, complete and effective, and easy to disassemble. The formwork support of the safety net has sufficient strength and stability. When hanging the safety net, choose a suitable hanging point to avoid sharp corners (such as pins, faceplates, etc.); The side ropes should be close to the formwork support, the breaking tension of the side ropes should not be less than 7kN, and the tethers should be evenly distributed along the edge of the net, and the spacing should not be greater than 750mm; (4) Steel structure workshops, frame structures and structures should be equipped with safety nets at the lower part of the working layer , the floor-standing formwork support should use the formwork support, and the cantilevered flat net support should use a steel wire rope not less than 9.3mm in length; (5) The gap between the flat net body and the shaft wall in the elevator shaft should not be greater than 25mm, and the safety net tie should be firm (6) During storage and transportation, the safety net must be ventilated, shading, and heat-insulated, and at the same time avoid the erosion of chemicals. It is forbidden to use hooks during transportation. The safety net of expiry date is strictly prohibited.

Based on the above requirements, the erection process of the formwork support is: setting out wires and positioning → placing the adjustable base according to the positioning → placing the standard base on the adjustable base → installing the sweeping bar on the standard base → using a steel tape measure and wire rope to fix the frame Straighten the body → level the frame with a level and a wire rope → install the two-step and above vertical bar and cross bar → install the diagonal stay → until the top is installed to install the cross bar and the inclined bar → install the U-shaped top bracket and the primary and secondary corrugations → Inspection and acceptance.

That is, lay out the line first, then accurately establish the position of the adjustable base according to the position of the line, and then put the standard base into the adjustable base; then adjust the level and vertical of the entire base with a spirit level or spirit level, and hang the line Adjust whether the vertical and horizontal standard bases are in a straight line, and check the squareness of each square with a steel tape measure; after passing the inspection, erect the upper standard shelf body. During the construction, check and correct the verticality of the frame body at any time as the frame body rises, and control it within 3‰, and the lock pin must be tightened.

The detailed process of the installation sequence is: Step 1: positioning, setting out, and placing the adjustable base; Step 2: placing the starting pole; Step 3: placing the horizontal bar on the first floor; Step 4: installing the vertical pole on the first floor; Step 5: Install the horizontal bar on the second layer; Step 6: Install the vertical slant bars on the first layer; Step 7: Install the horizontal bar on the third layer according to Step 5; Step 8: Lap in the same direction as the first layer according to the method of step 6 If the second layer of slanting rods is assembled in a counterclockwise direction, the slanting rods above the second layer must also be assembled in a counterclockwise direction; Step 9: The vertical rods are extended and installed; Step 10: Install in sequence after reaching the erection height , install the jacking.

After the formwork support is erected, it is necessary to set up a construction platform around the formwork support, and set up marginal protection at the edge to prevent safety accidents. The erection form adopts the cantilevered construction platform and the edge protection. The 900mm tripod matched with the buckle-type steel pipe support is attached to the formwork support to form a stable structure for the cantilever protection, and it is necessary to ensure that the edge protection is higher than the construction personnel's work. The floor is not less than 1.2m, and wooden springboards are placed on the crossbars as construction platforms and construction passages.

In order to ensure the safety of the upper and lower frames and the operation surface of the workers during the construction process, the buckle-type steel pipe support is specially configured to support the construction of vertical passages, and the position and quantity of the vertical passages are configured according to the working surface. The vertical passage is to hang the steel finished stairs on the cross bar of the frame body. At the same time, it is equipped with matching stair handrails. The construction vertical channel can be connected with the main frame body. If it cannot be connected with the main frame body, 4-6 steps must be taken to hold the column and tie the knot.

The modulus of the horizontal bar of the buckle-type steel pipe support is 300mm. During the construction process, it may encounter a connection position that does not meet the modulus of 300mm. This position cannot be connected through the horizontal rod matching the buckle-type steel pipe support, and steel pipes are required. Fasteners connect the formwork supports on both sides into a whole. The connection position is located at the crossbar position of the main node of the template support, and each main node needs to be connected.

When encountering high-low cross-area construction, (1) When the ground height difference is small, the screw of the adjustable bottom bracket can be used to adjust, and the exposed length of the screw rod of the adjustable bottom bracket is not more than 300mm. (2) When the ground height difference is large, it can be adjusted by using the 1m, 0.5m, 0.25m point difference of the vertical pole and the adjustable base. Make the connection plate of the vertical pole of the high frame body and the low frame body on the same horizontal plane, extend the horizontal horizontal bar of the high position to the lower position by two spans and fix it with the vertical pole, and ensure that the step distance shall not be greater than 1.5m.

When a walkway with the same width as a single horizontal bar needs to be set inside the formwork support frame, the horizontal bars and vertical slanting bars on the first layer can be removed at intervals to form a passageway for construction personnel, and the vertical bars on both sides orthogonal to the passageway Vertical bars should be set. A closed protective plate shall be laid on the top of the passage hole, and dense mesh protection shall be closed on both sides. And along the direction of the channel, a light belt is set to indicate the construction personnel to enter and exit and to evacuate in the correct direction in time when a safety accident occurs.

In the above construction process, the installation of the slab formwork includes: (1) Positioning and setting out, according to the positioning pile points, the single axis is released, and then the axis is divided into wall lines, beam lines, and channel lines, and finally the steel pipe is further ejected Set up the line. (2) The erection of the frame body includes: placing the vertical sweeping rod → erecting the bottom vertical rod to both sides from the corner in turn, after the bottom end is buckled and fixed with the vertical sweeping rod, the horizontal sweeping rod is also fixed with the vertical rod, each side After erecting 3 to 4 vertical poles, install the first step of longitudinal flat poles and horizontal horizontal poles, correct the verticality of the vertical poles and the levelness of the horizontal poles to meet the requirements, and connect them with bolts to form the initial section of the frame→according to the above It is required to build forward in sequence until the first step of the supporting frame is completed → the second step is the vertical horizontal bar → the second step is the horizontal horizontal bar, and the above steps are repeated until the design elevation. (3) Check the elevation and check the correctness in time after the erection of the frame is completed. And the technical personnel of the project department will check the acceptance elevation.

When the formwork is installed, the jacking elevation of the support system should be adjusted. After the review is correct, install the horizontal main flute, then lay the longitudinal secondary flute on the horizontal main flute, adjust the position and spacing of the horizontal secondary flute, and finally lay the formwork. The installation of the floor formwork shall be laid from all sides to the center, and the formwork shall be laid perpendicular to the direction of the secondary corrugation. For the gap between the formwork, it shall be filled with plywood. When the span is ≥ 4m, it shall be arched according to the specification or design requirements. The joints of the boards are required to be tightly spliced and the seams are neat. The embedded parts and reserved holes fixed on the formwork must be firmly installed and positioned accurately. The height difference between adjacent beam and slab surfaces shall be controlled within 2mm, and the surface flatness shall be controlled within 5mm. When pouring concrete, set up a group of concrete test blocks to be cured under the same conditions as the poured concrete, as the basis for removing the formwork.

The installation of the column formwork includes: checking the chassis control line → checking the column reinforcement → closing the mold → adjusting and correcting → strengthening the column hoop → pulling through the long line → self-inspection and repair → acceptance. First check the control line of the ejected column. After the steel bar is concealed and accepted, the column formwork can be sealed, and the sundries in the column should be cleaned before installation. When sealing the column formwork, the beam-column joint formwork can be installed together. In order to ensure the construction quality of the concrete, the column hoops are used with square and round buckles and £40×40×1.5mm rectangular square pipes with grooves.

The installation of the beam formwork includes: springing the axis of the beam and checking it → setting up the formwork → adjusting the joist → placing the main beam → placing the bottom formwork of the beam and fixing it → arching the bottom of the beam → binding the beam reinforcement → installing the side formwork → side formwork support ( Beam height plus tension bolts) → check the size, elevation and position of the beam formwork → connect with the adjacent formwork. Lay 40×40×1.5mm rectangular square pipes with grooves neatly according to the design spacing requirements, and then lay the beam bottom mold. When laying, it should be connected with the column head and nailed firmly. The iron side form clamp hooks the side form presser foot, then hangs the side form straight, and finally fixes it. In addition, when the span of the beam is greater than 4 meters, the bottom of the mid-span beam should be arched according to the requirements of the code. When the primary and secondary beams are handed over, the main beam should be arched first, and the secondary beam should be arched. /1000~3/1000. In order to ensure that there are no quality accidents such as sinking and deformation of the beam, a row of vertical rods are added in the middle of the bottom formwork of the girder to connect with the high-support formwork bent frame.

The installation of the wall formwork includes: checking the position of the ink line on the wall→installing it in place→side wall formwork→drilling the opposite pull screw holes and installing the through-wall screws→installing the other side wall formwork→drilling the opposite pull screw holes and aligning the through-wall screws→ Check (or adjust the spacing between vertical inner corrugated square tubes) → install horizontal double steel pipes and outer corrugated pipes, temporarily fix the wall-through screw → check and adjust the verticality of the formwork, install the support → fasten the wall-through screw nut → install the side of the reserved hole Edge template → QA.

The wall formwork needs to meet the following requirements during installation: (1) The formwork can only be set up after the concealed works such as steel bar binding, embedded pipes, and embedded parts have passed the acceptance. (2) Install the side wall template in place according to the wall position line, install temporary pull rods or diagonal braces, drill holes for pull screw rods, and pass through wall bolts. (3) Clean up the sundries in the wall, then install the formwork on the other side, drill the hole for the pull screw, align and put on the pull screw. The inner and outer molds are made of 15mm thick film-coated plywood, and the type 3 fasteners are fixed neatly. The screw rods on the bottom 1/3 of the wall are equipped with double nuts, and a screw rod is installed every 45.5cm horizontally and vertically. (4) The outer wall of the water structure and the inner partition wall with waterproof requirements are welded with a water-stop sheet in the middle of the wall-penetrating bolt. The water-stop sheet is inserted into the middle of the bolt with a 50×50×4 flat steel drill hole, and the two sides are fully welded. During the welding process In the middle, the welding quality must be strictly controlled, and there must be no leakage of welding and trachoma, so as to ensure the function of water stop. The wall thickness is controlled by the limit plate of the screw. After the bolt holes are removed, the wooden spacers are chiseled and smoothed with waterproof mortar. (5) Check and correct the verticality of the template. Pull through the long wires, correct each axis, and check whether the load-bearing frame and support system are firmly fixed. After the wall formwork is installed, check whether the pull bolts are fastened, whether the joints of the formwork and the lower opening are tight, and complete the pre-inspection procedures.

In addition, the construction structure of the column and wall formwork should also meet the following requirements: (1) The vertical secondary corrugated layout of the column formwork should run through the entire length of the column, and must not be disconnected at the junction of beams and columns. Add pull bolts. The vertical corrugated wood at the four corners of the square column should be topped symmetrically. (2) The distance between the first column hoop of the column formwork and the bottom of the column is not less than 150mm, and the distance between the bottom two column hoops is not less than 500mm. Column hoop isometric isometric. (3) The formwork panel and secondary flute on the empty side of the column and wall should extend 200mm downward from the floor, and seal the inner mold and the floor beam side with 2mm thick double-sided tape, as shown in Figure 1. Furthermore, the first main groove of the wall formwork should not be less than 150mm away from the bottom of the wall, and the distance between the first row of tension bolts at the side of the wall should not be greater than 305mm from the end. The primary and secondary corrugations and the distance between the tension bolts of the wall formwork shall meet the design calculation requirements, and the vertical secondary corrugation should not be greater than 305mm; the main corrugation should not be greater than 455mm; and the opposite tension bolts should not be greater than 455×455mm. For the outer wall columns of the upper main structure and other walls that require waterproofing, three pieces of water-stop type tension bolts are used, as shown in Figure 2.

The construction structure of the beam formwork shall meet the following requirements: (1) The upper opening of the beam side formwork shall be provided with a longitudinally long backer, and the lower opening shall be provided with a longitudinally long clip and shall not be used as the main and secondary sides of the bottom formwork of the beam, the backing and the clip. Vertical vertical shelves should be set between the woods, and the distance between them should not be greater than 800mm. The butt joints of beams and panels should be tight, and side bars should be added on the outside of the panels. (2) For beams with a height greater than 400mm, the bottom formwork of the beam shall be provided with main and secondary flute, and the secondary flute shall not be arbitrarily canceled and replaced by longitudinal main flute. If the traditional installation method is used, the spacing of the secondary flute wood should meet the design calculation requirements, and should not be greater than 350mm; if the vertical arrangement installation method of the secondary flute parallel to the beam span is adopted, it should meet the requirements of Figure 3. (3) When the net height of the beam is ≥ 600mm, it should be installed with cross-tension bolts through the beam. The cross-tension bolts should be fixed with two side-by-side square wood or double-leg φ48.3×3.5mm steel pipes as supports, and should not be directly fixed on the side of the beam. panel, refer to Figure 3.

Furthermore, the vertical support construction structure of the beam and slab formwork shall meet the following requirements: (1) The horizontal arrangement of the vertical poles of the beam formwork support shall be symmetrical, and the number and spacing shall meet the design calculation requirements, and the number shall not be less than 2. (2) The height of the sweeping pole of the beam and slab formwork support from the ground of the building, and the buckle-type steel pipe scaffolding should not be greater than 200mm. The upper end of the vertical pole includes the adjustable screw rod for jacking, and when the length of the horizontal pole on the top layer is longer than the relevant specifications, a horizontal pole should be added. (3) The beams and slab formwork support poles with beam structure should be connected to each other in the horizontal direction. For frames with a support height greater than 3.5m, vertical and horizontal scissor braces should be set according to the requirements of the full-scale frame. (4) The stress points above the horizontal poles of the side-span beam formwork should be arranged symmetrically and reasonably. If the adjustable inclined external pole is used, each horizontal tie rod on the pole shall be connected with the pole of the structural formwork support for at least 3 vertical poles. If the tool-type column support is used, it shall comply with Figure 4, Figure 5, Figures 6 and 7 show the requirements.

Regarding the tension bolts, the following requirements are met: (1) M14 tension bolts are used for the inner wall columns, and Φ14mm hard plastic sleeves are placed on the tension bolts, and polyester cone sleeves are respectively placed at the contact points between the two ends of the hard plastic sleeve and the formwork , add a sponge water-stop pad to the polyester vertebral sleeve to ensure that the concrete does not leak. The schematic diagram of the pull bolts used for interior wall columns is shown in Figure 8. (2) The inner wall of the upper main structure is reinforced using three-section pull bolts with a water-stop sheet in the middle. The pull bolts used for external walls and columns are shown in Figure 9. (3) The formwork supports the tension bolts to reinforce the formwork. The length is 300mm at both ends of the wall thickness (column side length and beam width). Set limit piece.

When installing the beam formwork, connect the double-channel steel joists between the two vertical poles at the two beam side forms. The double-channel steel joists are composed of two channel steels arranged opposite to each other and connected by high-strength bolts. The high-strength bolts play the role of connecting And the role of limiting the displacement of double channel steel joists. Both the upper and lower sides of the double-channel steel joist are provided with vertical rod discs, which are connected to the vertical rods at the side molds of the beams and matched with the double-channel steel joists in the up and down direction; the double-channel steel joists There are at least two rooting parts on the beam at the position of the bottom formwork of the beam. An adjustable upper support is placed on the rooting part, and the rooting part is placed on the double-channel steel joist. And the support side tilt, as shown in Figure 10, Figure 11 and Figure 12.

The double-channel steel joist/square steel pipe cross bar is directly placed on the pole disc/long top support disc, and the position of the double-channel steel joist from the pole point is limited by the bolt, so that the joist will not fall off, and it will not be dismantled Just place the joists obliquely during construction.

The instructions for using the long jack are as follows: ①The position of the joist/square steel bar can be adjusted by rotating the disc nut; ②The large nut of the wrench is placed on the upper end of the vertical bar to adjust the extension length of the screw; ③Sleeve The disc can be rotated to a suitable position for connecting the horizontal bar and the vertical slanting bar, so that the utility of the overall structure is enhanced.

Since the tall and large formwork support system may undergo certain settlement and displacement due to pressure during the concrete pouring process and for a period of time after the concrete pouring, and if the change is too large, a collapse accident may occur. The monitoring point is to set up a safety monitoring system for high formwork. The main monitoring contents include support, formwork settlement, support displacement and deformation.

The main function of the high formwork safety monitoring system is to monitor the settlement of the formwork, the deformation of the support and the axial force of the vertical rod in the high formwork support system in real time, and can realize the monitoring goals of real-time monitoring, over-limit early warning, danger alarm, and trend prediction. In addition to being able to perceive the surrounding conditions of high formwork, the use of sensors can facilitate the monitoring of changes in the formwork system and improve the monitoring level. The real-time monitoring and alarm system of high-support molds innovatively uses sound and light alarms. When the monitoring value exceeds the warning value, construction personnel can read the warning signal from the machine during operation.

The dismantling of the formwork follows the principle of supporting first and then dismantling, and dismantling the latter first; dismantling the non-load-bearing formwork first, and then dismantling the formwork of the load-bearing part; from top to bottom, first remove the lateral support of the bracket, and then remove the vertical support. To dismantle the tall formwork, remove the position of the channel first on the plane, and then remove it in an orderly manner along the channel to both sides. On the facade, a step-by-step demolition method is adopted to form a slope system with the support area as the lowest point of the outlet. There are horizontal safety nets and wooden springboards where personnel work. The dismantled racks, wooden beams, and formwork are passed down manually. The dismantled racks must be cleaned and stacked on the same day, otherwise the next section of racks is not allowed to be dismantled.

When dismantling the beam and slab formwork, first remove the horizontal tie rods and scissors braces of the support part to facilitate the operation, then remove the horizontal steel pipes on the beam side formwork, lightly pry the beam side formwork to separate it from the concrete surface; , Gently pry the keel under the formwork to separate the keel from the formwork, or lightly tap with a wooden hammer to remove the first piece, and then remove it piece by piece. Do not use steel rods or hammers to slam and pry. When each formwork is disassembled, it can be placed on the ground with manual support, or the supporting screw rod of the support can be lowered to a certain height to support the dismantled formwork. It is strictly forbidden for the formwork to fall freely on the ground. The method of removing the beam bottom formwork is roughly the same as that of the floor formwork. However, when removing the beam bottom formwork with a large span, the support jacking screws should be lowered from the middle of the span, and then lowered one by one to both ends.

The support system built by the construction method of the present invention has more stable support, and the use of the buckle-type bracket is faster to set up, and it is easy to disassemble and assemble, which is convenient for the turnover and use of materials; moreover, the height of the base in the support system can be adjusted to ensure that the poles of the corresponding layer The parts can be connected stably. There are multiple monitoring points in the support system to monitor the deformation, settlement and horizontal displacement of the formwork support, so that it is convenient for personnel to monitor and give early warning in real time, and to ensure the firmness of the support system and the construction safety of personnel to the greatest extent. Ultimately improving the construction quality of the building.

The embodiments of the present invention described above are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The construction method of the high and large formwork engineering supporting system is characterized by comprising the following construction procedures:

setting up a formwork support, binding wall and column steel bars, mounting a wall and column formwork, mounting a beam and a plate formwork, reinforcing the beam and the plate formwork, checking the safety of the formwork, pouring wall and column concrete, binding the beam and the plate steel bars, pouring beam and plate concrete, curing and removing the formwork;

the template support is a plate buckle support, and the erection process comprises the following steps: paying off and positioning, placing an adjustable base according to positioning, placing a standard base on the adjustable base, installing a sweeping cross bar on the standard base, straightening a frame body by using a steel tape and a wire rope, leveling the frame body by using a leveling instrument and the wire rope, installing two or more upright rods and cross bars, installing diagonal rods, sealing the top of the cross bars and diagonal rods at the installation end, and installing a U-shaped jacking and a primary secondary ridge;

beam form mounting includes: spring beam axis and rechecking, erecting a die frame, adjusting a joist, swinging a girder, placing a girder bottom die and fixing, arching a girder bottom, binding girder ribs, an Cemo, side die stay wire supporting, rechecking the size, elevation and position of a girder die and connecting and fixing with an adjacent die plate;

the pillar panel template mounting includes: checking a chassis control line, checking and accepting column steel bars, closing a mold, adjusting and correcting, reinforcing column hoops, pulling through a long line, and self-checking and repairing;

wall form installation includes: checking wall position ink lines, installing in place, side wall templates, drilling opposite-pulling screw holes and installing wall penetrating screws, installing another side wall template, drilling opposite-pulling screw holes and opposite-pulling wall penetrating screws, checking or adjusting vertical inner edge square tube spacing, installing horizontal double steel tube outer edges, temporarily fixing the wall penetrating screws, checking or adjusting template verticality and installing support, fastening wall penetrating screw nuts, and installing reserved hole side templates.

2. The construction method of the high and large formwork engineering supporting system according to claim 1, wherein when the plate buckle bracket is installed, the adjustable base is positioned, lofted and placed firstly, then an initial rod is installed on the adjustable base, a first-layer horizontal cross rod is erected on the initial rod, a first-layer vertical rod is installed at the connection position of the first-layer horizontal cross rod and the initial rod, then a second-layer horizontal cross rod is installed at the end part of the first-layer vertical rod, and then a first-layer vertical diagonal rod is installed between the two-layer horizontal cross rods; orderly erecting according to the sequence until reaching the erecting height, and installing a jacking at the end part of the vertical rod at the top; the installation direction of each layer of vertical diagonal draw bars is the same.

3. The construction method of the high and large formwork engineering supporting system according to claim 1, wherein when the beam formwork is installed, rectangular square tubes with grooves are required to be paved neatly according to the design interval requirement, then a beam bottom die is paved, the beam bottom die is firstly butted with column heads and nailed, square woods are used as vertical stops and vertical stop supports, the beam side die presser foot is hooked by iron side die clamps, then the beam side die is hung, and finally fixing is carried out.

4. The construction method of the high and large formwork engineering supporting system according to claim 3, wherein when the beam span is greater than 4 meters, arching is carried out at the bottom of the midspan beam, when the primary and secondary beams are connected, the primary beam arches, the secondary beam arches, the arch height is 1/1000-3/1000 of the beam span, and a row of vertical rods are added in the middle of the beam bottom formwork to be connected with the high formwork bent frame.

5. The construction method of a tall and big formwork engineering supporting system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the upper opening of the beam side mold is provided with a longitudinal through long supporting wood, the lower opening is provided with a longitudinal through long clamping wood, and a vertical standing rail is arranged between the through long supporting wood and the through long clamping wood.

6. The construction method of a high and large formwork engineering supporting system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein a double-groove steel joist is connected between two upright posts at two beam side moulds, the double-groove steel joist is formed by oppositely arranging two channel steel and adopting high-strength bolt connection, upright post discs are arranged at the upper side and the lower side of the double-groove steel joist, and the upright post discs are correspondingly connected with the upright posts at the beam side moulds and are in stop fit with the double-groove steel joist in the upper and lower directions; at least two rooting pieces are arranged on the double-groove steel joist at the position of the beam bottom die, and an adjustable upper support is arranged on the rooting pieces and used for supporting a lower horizontal rod of the beam.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the tops of the uprights on the same side of the beam side forms, which are connected to the corresponding double-channel steel joists, are connected together to form a through-length jacking.

8. The construction method of the high and large formwork engineering support system according to claim 1, wherein when the column formwork is installed, the column formwork vertical minor ridge arrangement is required to penetrate through the whole column length, and the column formwork vertical minor ridge arrangement is not disconnected at the joint of the beam and the column; the first column hoop of the column template is not less than 150mm away from the column bottom, the distance between the two column hoops at the lowest side is not less than 500mm, when the column penetrating split bolts are arranged, the distance between the upper and lower adjacent split bolts is the same as the distance between the adjacent two column hoops, and the number of the split bolts is the same as that of the column hoops.

9. The construction method of a tall and large formwork engineering support system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of detection points are provided on each construction section for detecting settlement and horizontal displacement of the formwork support before the concrete pouring construction.