CN116533559B - Filament winding method for spherical and short thick pressure vessel - Google Patents

Filament winding method for spherical and short thick pressure vessel Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116533559B
CN116533559B CN202310792273.3A CN202310792273A CN116533559B CN 116533559 B CN116533559 B CN 116533559B CN 202310792273 A CN202310792273 A CN 202310792273A CN 116533559 B CN116533559 B CN 116533559B
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China
Prior art keywords
winding
annular
yarn
yarn outlet
rotating
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CN116533559A (en
Inventor
贾朝暾
梁建国
薛玉钦
段昱杰
李银辉
李辉
高海峰
宁泽民
赵晓冬
刘江林
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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Taiyuan University of Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/38—Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
    • B29C70/382—Automated fiber placement [AFP]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/32—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core on a rotating mould, former or core
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B29C70/30—Shaping by lay-up, i.e. applying fibres, tape or broadsheet on a mould, former or core; Shaping by spray-up, i.e. spraying of fibres on a mould, former or core
    • B29C70/38—Automated lay-up, e.g. using robots, laying filaments according to predetermined patterns
    • B29C70/382—Automated fiber placement [AFP]
    • B29C70/384—Fiber placement heads, e.g. component parts, details or accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7154—Barrels, drums, tuns, vats
    • B29L2031/7156—Pressure vessels
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Robotics (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a fiber winding method of a spherical and short-thick pressure container, belonging to the technical field of pressure container preparation, comprising S1, installing a core mold; s2, controlling the annular rotating platform to be close to an upper pole hole or a lower pole hole of the core mold, and winding fibers led out from a fiber roll arranged on the yarn outlet assembly to the upper pole hole or the lower pole hole of the core mold; s3, winding by adopting a single-group or multi-group winding mechanism. The invention can realize high-efficiency and high-precision winding of spherical and short thick pressure containers.

Description

Filament winding method for spherical and short thick pressure vessel
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pressure vessel preparation, and particularly discloses a fiber winding method of a spherical and short-thick pressure vessel.
Background
The fiber winding process is one of the main forming methods of composite material pressure container, the continuous fiber impregnated with resin is distributed on the fixed core mold according to a certain line shape by a winding machine, part of the core mold can be broken or detached, and then the gas cylinder is heated by a curing furnace to cure the resin, so that a fiber winding product with a certain shape and wall thickness and capable of bearing high pressure is obtained.
The spherical pressure container is also called as spherical tank, and is one kind of effective and economic pressure container for storing and transporting various kinds of gas, liquid and liquefied gas, and is used in petroleum, chemical, oil refining, ship building, city gas industry, etc. Compared with a cylindrical pressure container, the pressure container has the main advantages that the stress is uniform: under the condition of the same wall thickness, the bearing capacity of the spherical pressure container is highest; under the same internal pressure condition, the required wall thickness of the spherical pressure container is only 1/2 of that of a cylindrical pressure container with the same diameter and the same material; under the same volume condition, the spherical pressure vessel generally saves steel and fiber compared with a cylindrical pressure vessel due to the small wall thickness, small surface area and the like.
The short and thick pressure vessel with the length-diameter ratio smaller than 4 has similar structure and advantages as the spherical pressure vessel, and the short and thick pressure vessel and the spherical pressure vessel can be manufactured in the same way.
However, due to the special shape, the manufacturing is complex, and the 'FRP spherical pressure vessel fiber winding rule analysis and equipment research' first designs a spherical vessel mechanical winding machine which is a variant of a four-axis winding machine, and the four-axis winding machine arm extending motion and the trolley translation are linked, and the basic motion mode is the four-axis winding machine (mandrel rotation, trolley translation, filament nozzle expansion and filament nozzle rotation).
However, there is no filament winding method specifically for a short thick pressure vessel having a spherical shape and an aspect ratio of less than 4.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fiber winding method for spherical and short-thick pressure vessels, which realizes three-degree-of-freedom winding of the short-thick pressure vessels with spherical and length-diameter ratio smaller than 4, reduces the complexity of winding process design, and improves winding speed and winding precision.
A filament winding method for spherical and stubby pressure vessels, comprising the steps of:
s1, installing a core mold
The fiber winding control device comprises a frame, an annular winding platform, a winding mechanism, a radial rotating mechanism and an axial rotating mechanism; an upper arc-shaped groove and a lower arc-shaped groove are vertically arranged on the frame; the annular winding platform is horizontally arranged, is positioned between the upper arc-shaped groove and the lower arc-shaped groove, and is vertically intersected with the upper arc-shaped groove and the lower arc-shaped groove, and a group of winding mechanisms are arranged on the annular winding platform; the winding mechanism comprises a circumferential rotating table and a yarn outlet assembly arranged on the circumferential rotating table; the annular rotating platform is arranged on the annular winding platform and rotates around the annular winding platform; the radial rotating mechanism comprises an upper radial rotating table capable of rotating along the upper arc-shaped groove and a lower radial rotating table capable of rotating along the lower arc-shaped groove, and the rotating directions of the upper radial rotating table and the lower radial rotating table are the same and the rotating speeds are the same; the axial rotation mechanism comprises an upper clamping disc rotatably mounted on the upper radial rotary table and a lower clamping disc rotatably mounted on the lower radial rotary table, the rotation directions and the rotation speeds of the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc are the same, and when the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc are 180 degrees, the connecting line of the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc passes through the circle center of the annular winding platform;
the mandrel shafts of the pole holes at the two ends of the mandrel are respectively clamped on an upper clamping disc and a lower clamping disc:
when the isopolar hole container is wound, the center of the core mold is a winding center, and the winding center is adjusted to be on the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is positioned;
when the container with unequal polar holes is wound, the intersection point of the connecting lines of the two end parts of the two polar holes of the mandrel and the connecting lines of the two mandrel shafts is taken as a winding center, and the winding center is adjusted to be on the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is positioned;
s2, controlling the annular rotating platform to be close to an upper pole hole or a lower pole hole of the core mold, and winding fibers led out from a fiber roll arranged on the yarn outlet assembly to the upper pole hole or the lower pole hole of the core mold;
s3, winding by adopting a single-group winding mechanism
Axial rotation angle of fiber winding control equipment through core moldθWinding mechanism winding mandrel cornerФAnd the included angle between the radial direction of the core mould and the horizontal planeψThe three parameters control winding, the unit is the degree, the fiber winding of the spherical and short thick pressure vessel adopts three winding processes of longitudinal winding, circumferential winding and transitional winding, and the longitudinal winding process designs different longitudinal winding angles according to the requirementψ 1 Realizing the winding of different longitudinal layers and different longitudinal winding anglesψ 1 The longitudinal winding process is transited through a transitional winding process, and the longitudinal winding process and the circumferential winding process are transited through a transitional winding process;
in the process of longitudinal winding the yarn is wound,ψ=ψ 1 longitudinal winding angle when winding the same longitudinal layerψ 1 The yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly rotates around the mandrel for one circle, and the mandrel axially rotates by delta at uniform speedθ，
，
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofRThe unit mm, delta is the radius of the equator of the wound mandreltFor the fiber bandwidth, in mm,αcorresponding to the equatorIs a unit of degree;
speed ratio of rotationiIs defined as the ratio of the revolution of the core mould to the revolution of the core mould around the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly,
；
in the circumferential winding process, the radial rotation mechanism is adjusted to lead the core mould to form an included angle between the radial direction and the horizontal planeψTo the minimum value achieved by the filament winding control equipmentψ 2 The winding mechanism performs arc reciprocating motion on an annular winding platform on one side of a connecting line of the two mandrel shafts, takes a winding center as an origin, and takes projection of the connecting line of the two mandrel shafts on a horizontal plane where a yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is located asxAn axis perpendicular toxThe axial direction isyThe direction of the shaft vertical to the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet component is positioned iszThe shaft establishes a coordinate system, the mandrel rotates at uniform speed for a circle in each axial direction, and the yarn outlet assembly outputs yarn pointsxCoordinate change deltatcosψ 2 According to the following formulaxFor variables, in mm, calculate the correspondingθAnd (3) withФThe value of the sum of the values,
，
wherein delta istFor the fiber bandwidth to be available,bthe unit is mm for the radius of the circle where the locus of the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is located;
in the transition winding process, as the winding mechanism rotates around the core mold, the core mold rotates, and meanwhile, the included angle between the radial direction of the core mold and the horizontal plane is adjustedψAnd stably winding the linear according to the non-geodesic wire, so that the core mold stably transits between different process layers.
A filament winding method for spherical and stubby pressure vessels, comprising the steps of:
s1, installing a core mold
The fiber winding control device comprises a frame, an annular winding platform, a winding mechanism, a radial rotating mechanism and an axial rotating mechanism; an upper arc-shaped groove and a lower arc-shaped groove are vertically arranged on the frame; the annular winding platform is horizontally arranged, is positioned between the upper arc-shaped groove and the lower arc-shaped groove, and is vertically intersected with the upper arc-shaped groove and the lower arc-shaped groove, and a plurality of groups of winding mechanisms are arranged on the annular winding platform; the winding mechanism comprises a circumferential rotating table and a yarn outlet assembly arranged on the circumferential rotating table; the annular rotating platform is arranged on the annular winding platform and rotates around the annular winding platform; the radial rotating mechanism comprises an upper radial rotating table capable of rotating along the upper arc-shaped groove and a lower radial rotating table capable of rotating along the lower arc-shaped groove, and the rotating directions of the upper radial rotating table and the lower radial rotating table are the same and the rotating speeds are the same; the axial rotation mechanism comprises an upper clamping disc rotatably mounted on the upper radial rotary table and a lower clamping disc rotatably mounted on the lower radial rotary table, the rotation directions and the rotation speeds of the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc are the same, and when the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc are 180 degrees, the connecting line of the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc passes through the circle center of the annular winding platform;
the mandrel shafts of the pole holes at the two ends of the mandrel are respectively clamped on an upper clamping disc and a lower clamping disc:
when the isopolar hole container is wound, the center of the core mold is a winding center, and the winding center is adjusted to be on the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is positioned;
when the container with unequal polar holes is wound, the intersection point of the connecting lines of the two end parts of the two polar holes of the mandrel and the connecting lines of the two mandrel shafts is taken as a winding center, and the winding center is adjusted to be on the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is positioned;
s2, controlling the annular rotating platform to be close to an upper pole hole or a lower pole hole of the core mold, winding fibers led out from a fiber roll arranged on the yarn outlet assembly to the upper pole hole or the lower pole hole of the core mold, and uniformly arranging a plurality of groups of winding mechanisms on the annular winding platform;
s3, winding by adopting a plurality of groups of winding mechanisms
Axial rotation angle of fiber winding control equipment through core moldθWinding mechanism winding mandrel cornerФAnd the included angle between the radial direction of the core mould and the horizontal planeψThe three parameters control winding, the unit is the degree, the fiber winding of the spherical and short thick pressure vessel adopts three winding processes of longitudinal winding, circumferential winding and transitional winding, and the longitudinal winding process designs different longitudinal directions according to the requirementAngle of windingψ 1 Realizing the winding of different longitudinal layers and different longitudinal winding anglesψ 1 The longitudinal winding process is transited through a transitional winding process, and the longitudinal winding process and the circumferential winding process are transited through a transitional winding process;
in the process of longitudinal winding the yarn is wound,ψ=ψ 1 longitudinal winding angle when winding the same longitudinal layerψ 1 The yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly rotates around the core mould for one circle, and the core mould axially rotates at constant speed for n times of deltaθN is the number of winding mechanisms,
，
wherein the method comprises the steps ofRThe unit mm, delta is the radius of the equator of the wound mandreltFor the fiber bandwidth, in mm,αthe unit degree is the spiral winding angle corresponding to the equatorial circle;
speed ratio of rotationiIs defined as the ratio of the revolution of the core mould to the revolution of the core mould around the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly,
；
in the circumferential winding process, at most two groups of winding mechanisms are used, and the radial included angle between the radial direction of the core mold and the horizontal plane is formed by adjusting the radial rotating mechanismTo the minimum value achieved by the filament winding control equipmentψ 2 The two groups of winding mechanisms respectively perform arc-shaped reciprocating motion on annular winding platforms at two sides of the connecting line of the two mandrel shafts, take the winding center as an origin, and take the projection of the connecting line of the two mandrel shafts on the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is located asxAn axis perpendicular toxThe axial direction isyThe direction of the shaft vertical to the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet component is positioned iszThe shaft establishes a coordinate system, the mandrel rotates at uniform speed for a circle in each axial direction, and the yarn outlet assembly outputs yarn pointsxCoordinate change 2 deltatcosψ 2 According to the following formulaxFor variables, in mm, calculate the correspondingθAnd (3) withФThe value of the sum of the values,
，
wherein delta istFor the fiber bandwidth to be available,bthe unit is mm for the radius of the circle where the locus of the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is located;
when the winding of the last group of winding mechanisms in the longitudinal winding process or the circumferential winding process is finished, performing a transitional winding process, rotating the core mold along with the rotation of the winding mechanisms around the core mold, and simultaneously adjusting the included angle between the radial direction of the core mold and the horizontal planeψAnd stably winding the linear according to the non-geodesic wire, so that the core mold stably transits between different process layers.
In the step S3, two groups of winding mechanisms respectively perform arc-shaped reciprocating motion on annular winding platforms at two sides of a connecting line of two mandrel shafts, and the rotation directions of the two groups of winding mechanisms are the same.
The fiber winding method of the spherical and short thick pressure container further comprises S4, and after all winding processes are completed, cutting off the fibers.
In the filament winding method of the spherical and short thick pressure container, the yarn outlet assembly comprises an unreeling roller, a yarn guide wheel, a yarn nozzle cantilever, a yarn nozzle and a yarn outlet roller; the unreeling roller and the yarn guide wheel are rotatably arranged on the annular rotary table; the unreeling roller is used for installing the fiber roll; the yarn guide wheel is used for guiding the fiber led out by the unreeling roller to pass through the yarn outlet hole of the annular rotary table; the wire nozzle cantilevers are arranged along the radial direction of the annular winding platform and comprise a first circular ring, a second circular ring and axial connecting rods, the first circular ring and the second circular ring are connected through a plurality of axial connecting rods, the first circular ring is arranged on a yarn outlet hole of the annular rotating table, and the second circular ring is provided with a wire nozzle; the yarn outlet roller is rotatably arranged on the yarn nozzle and is used for guiding the fibers led out from the yarn outlet hole; the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet component is a yarn nozzle.
In the fiber winding method of the spherical and short thick pressure container, two unreeling rollers with opposite rotation directions and two yarn guiding wheels with the same rotation directions are arranged on the annular rotary table; the two yarn guiding wheels are provided with an upper annular wheel groove and a lower annular wheel groove, the axial height of the first yarn guiding wheel is greater than that of the second yarn guiding wheel, the second yarn guiding wheel is arranged at the yarn outlet side, and the first yarn guiding wheel is arranged between the unreeling roller and the second yarn guiding wheel; the second circular ring is connected with the wire nozzle through a bearing; the axial connecting rod comprises a first axial connecting rod fixedly connected with the first circular ring and a second axial connecting rod fixedly connected with the second circular ring; the first axial connecting rod and the second axial connecting rod are in axial sliding connection through the clamping block and the clamping groove, a plurality of through holes are formed in the axial direction, and the through holes of the first axial connecting rod and the second axial connecting rod are connected through bolts and nuts.
In the fiber winding method of the spherical and short thick pressure container, an annular gear ring and an annular track are arranged on an annular winding platform; the winding mechanism further comprises a second motor and a second gear; the second motor is arranged on the annular rotating table, and the output shaft is connected with the second gear; the second gear is meshed with the annular gear ring; an annular track limiting groove is formed in the annular rotating table and is in sliding fit with the annular track.
In the fiber winding method of the spherical and short-thick pressure container, the upper arc-shaped groove and the lower arc-shaped groove are respectively provided with an arc-shaped rack and an arc-shaped track; the radial rotation mechanism further comprises a first gear and a first motor; the two groups of first gears are all driving gears driven by a first motor and are respectively rotatably arranged on the upper radial rotary table and the lower radial rotary table to be meshed with the arc-shaped racks; or the two groups of first gears are a driving gear and a driven gear, which are respectively rotatably arranged on the upper radial rotary table and the lower radial rotary table and meshed with the arc-shaped racks, and the driving gear is driven by a first motor; and arc-shaped track limiting grooves are formed in the upper radial rotating table and the lower radial rotating table, and the arc-shaped track limiting grooves are in sliding fit with the arc-shaped tracks.
In the filament winding method of the spherical and short thick pressure vessel, the axial rotation mechanism further comprises a third motor; the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc are driven by a third motor to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed; or the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc are respectively a driving rotating disc and a driven rotating disc, the driving rotating disc is driven to rotate by a third motor, and the driven rotating disc is driven to rotate by the core mould and the core mould shaft.
In the filament winding method of the spherical and short thick pressure vessel, the frame comprises an upper frame, a lower frame and a rotating piece connected with the upper frame and the lower frame; the upper arc-shaped groove is positioned on the upper frame, and the lower arc-shaped groove is positioned on the lower frame.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the fiber winding method provided by the invention uses the axial corner of the core moldθWinding mechanism winding mandrel cornerФAnd the included angle between the radial direction of the core mould and the horizontal planeψThe three parameters control winding, can realize three-degree-of-freedom winding spherical and short thick pressure vessels, can perform free switching of three winding processes of longitudinal winding, circumferential winding and transitional winding, reduce the complexity of winding process design, and improve winding speed and winding precision.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the installation of a spherical core mold on a fiber winding control apparatus (single set winding mechanism winding);
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the installation of a stubby mandrel on a fiber winding control device (two sets of winding mechanisms winding);
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the annular winding platform and winding mechanism;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the winding mechanism;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of the wire nipple, the second ring, and the second axial link;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an installation of a first ring and a first axial link;
FIG. 7 is an overall view of a radial rotation mechanism and an axial rotation mechanism;
FIG. 8 is a schematic illustration of the radial rotation mechanism and the upper half of the axial rotation mechanism;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a radial rotation mechanism and a lower half of an axial rotation mechanism;
FIG. 10 is a position diagram of the winding center of the isopipe;
FIG. 11 is a position diagram of the winding center of the unequal hole container;
FIG. 12 is a coordinate system established with the winding center as the origin;
fig. 13 is a view of a longitudinal winding trajectory.
In the figure: 1.1-an upper rack; 1.2-lower rack; 1.3-rotating member; 1.4-arc racks; 1.5-arc track;
2-an annular winding platform; 2.1-an annular gear ring; 2.2-circular orbit;
3.1-a circumferential rotating table; 3.2-a second motor; 3.3-a second gear; 3.4-annular track limit grooves; 3.5-unreeling rollers; 3.6-wire nozzle cantilever; 3.6.1-a first ring; 3.6.2-a second ring; 3.6.3-first axial link; 3.6.4-second axial link; 3.6.5-through holes; 3.7-wire mouth; 3.8-a godet; 3.9-a first yarn guiding wheel; 3.10-a second yarn guiding wheel;
4.1-upper radial turntable; 4.2-a lower radial turntable; 4.3-a first motor; 4.4-a drive gear; 4.5-driven gear; 4.6-arc track limit grooves;
5.1-upper clamping plate; 5.2-lower clamping plate; 5.3-a third motor;
101-mandrel; 102-a mandrel shaft; 103-winding center; 104-longitudinal winding trajectory.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides fiber winding control equipment of a spherical and short thick pressure container, which comprises a frame, an annular winding platform 2, a winding mechanism, a radial rotating mechanism and an axial rotating mechanism; an upper arc-shaped groove and a lower arc-shaped groove are vertically arranged on the frame; the annular winding platform 2 is positioned between the upper arc-shaped groove and the lower arc-shaped groove and vertically intersects with the upper arc-shaped groove and the lower arc-shaped groove; the winding mechanism comprises a circumferential rotating table 3.1 and a yarn outlet assembly arranged on the circumferential rotating table 3.1; the annular rotary table 3.1 is arranged on the annular winding platform 2 and rotates around the annular winding platform 2; the radial rotating mechanism comprises an upper radial rotating table 4.1 capable of rotating along the upper arc-shaped groove and a lower radial rotating table 4.2 capable of rotating along the lower arc-shaped groove, the rotating directions of the upper radial rotating table 4.1 and the lower radial rotating table 4.2 are the same, the rotating speeds are the same, and the core mold 101 is controlled to rotate on a plane vertical to the annular winding platform 2; the axial rotation mechanism comprises an upper clamping disc 5.1 rotatably mounted on the upper radial rotary table 4.1 and a lower clamping disc 5.2 rotatably mounted on the lower radial rotary table 4.2, the upper clamping disc 5.1 and the lower clamping disc 5.2 are used for clamping core mould shafts 102 of pole holes at two ends of the core mould 101, the rotation directions and the rotation speeds of the upper clamping disc 5.1 and the lower clamping disc 5.2 are the same, and the core mould 101 is controlled to rotate around the axis thereof; when the upper clamping disc 5.1 and the lower clamping disc 5.2 are 180 degrees, the connecting line of the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc passes through the circle center of the annular winding platform 2.
The machine frame comprises an upper machine frame 1.1, a lower machine frame 1.2 and a rotating piece 1.3 which connects the upper machine frame 1.1 and the lower machine frame 1.2; the upper arc-shaped groove is arranged on the upper frame 1.1, and the lower arc-shaped groove is arranged on the lower frame 1.2. Because the annular winding platform 2 is in the way, the upper frame 1.1 and the lower frame 1.2 are connected through the rotating piece 1.3 when the core mould 101 is assembled and disassembled, and the upper frame 1.1 is opened when the core mould 101 is assembled and disassembled, so that the situation is avoided.
The annular winding platform 2 is provided with an annular gear ring 2.1 and an annular track 2.2; the winding mechanism also comprises a second motor 3.2 and a second gear 3.3; the second motor 3.2 is arranged on the annular rotating table 3.1, and the output shaft is connected with the second gear 3.3; the second gear 3.3 is meshed with the annular gear ring 2.1, the second motor 3.2 drives the second gear 3.3 to rotate, so that the driving problem of the annular rotating table 3.1 is effectively solved, the second gear 3.3 is preferably a conical gear, and high-precision and high-efficiency transmission is realized; the annular rotating table 3.1 is provided with an annular track limiting groove 3.4, the annular track limiting groove 3.4 is in sliding fit with the annular track 2.2, and other degrees of freedom of the annular rotating table 3.1 are limited, so that the annular rotating table can only rotate in the annular direction.
The yarn outlet component comprises an unreeling roller 3.5, a yarn guide wheel, a yarn nozzle cantilever 3.6, a yarn nozzle 3.7 and a yarn outlet roller 3.8; the unreeling roller 3.5 and the yarn guiding wheel are rotatably arranged on the annular rotating table 3.1; the unreeling roller 3.5 is used for installing the fiber roll; the yarn guide wheel is used for guiding the fiber led out by the unreeling roller 3.5 to pass through the yarn outlet hole of the annular rotary table 3.1; the wire nozzle cantilevers 3.6 are arranged along the radial direction of the annular winding platform 2 and comprise a first circular ring 3.6.1, a second circular ring 3.6.2 and axial connecting rods, the first circular ring 3.6.1 and the second circular ring 3.6.2 are connected through a plurality of axial connecting rods, the first circular ring 3.6.1 is arranged on a yarn outlet hole of the annular rotating table 3.1, and the second circular ring 3.6.2 is provided with wire nozzles 3.7; the godet 3.8 is rotatably mounted on the godet 3.7 for guiding the fibers coming out of the yarn outlet opening.
The annular rotary table 3.1 is provided with two unreeling rollers 3.5 with opposite rotation directions and two yarn guiding wheels with the same rotation directions; the two yarn guiding wheels are provided with an upper annular wheel groove and a lower annular wheel groove, the axial height of the first yarn guiding wheel 3.9 is greater than that of the second yarn guiding wheel 3.10, the second yarn guiding wheel 3.10 is arranged on the yarn outlet side, and the first yarn guiding wheel 3.9 is arranged between the unreeling roller 3.5 and the second yarn guiding wheel 3.10. The yarn feeding mode with opposite rotation directions is adopted, so that the space required by yarn feeding is effectively reduced, and the yarn feeding is more efficient and reasonable. The fibers led out from the two unreeling rollers 3.5 respectively bypass the upper annular wheel groove and the lower annular wheel groove of the first yarn guiding wheel 3.9, so that two strands of fibers are not crossed in the unreeling process, and bypass the upper annular wheel groove and the lower annular wheel groove of the second yarn guiding wheel 3.10, the distance between the two strands of fibers is shortened while the two strands of fibers are not crossed, and the two strands of fibers are conveniently guided to the yarn outlet hole at the same time.
The second circular ring 3.6.2 is connected with the wire nozzle 3.7 through a bearing and is used for reducing friction between the wire nozzle 3.7 and the second circular ring 3.6.2, so that the wire nozzle 3.7 can rotate according to fiber stress and can be regulated and controlled in real time. In the winding process of the device, the fiber coil is assembled on the annular rotary table 3.1 to rotate around the core mold 101 for winding, so that the movement amplitude of the filament nozzle 3.7 is smaller, the filament nozzle 3.7 is rotated by adopting the mechanical regulation and control of the bearing, the reaction time of the filament nozzle 3.7 can be effectively reduced, and the regulation and control are more accurate.
The axial connecting rod comprises a first axial connecting rod 3.6.3 fixedly connected with the first circular ring 3.6.1 and a second axial connecting rod 3.6.4 fixedly connected with the second circular ring 3.6.2; the first axial connecting rod 3.6.3 and the second axial connecting rod 3.6.4 are axially and slidably connected through a clamping block and a clamping groove, and a plurality of through holes 3.6.5 are axially formed, and the through holes of the first axial connecting rod 3.6.3 and the second axial connecting rod 3.6.4 are connected through bolts and nuts, so that the screw nozzle 3.7 can be moved back and forth to adapt to the core mold 101 with different sizes. The distance between any position on the surface of the spherical pressure container and the center of the circle is equal, the distance between the surface of the short and thick pressure container and the center of the circle is not great, and the wire nozzle 3.7 of the container can not move back and forth in the winding process, so that the back and forth movement of the wire nozzle 3.7 is set to be manually adjusted through a clamping block, a clamping groove, a through hole 3.6.5 and a bolt nut, and the complexity of equipment is reduced.
One or more winding mechanisms are arranged on the annular winding platform 2. On the basis of improving the efficiency of the single winding mechanism, the winding efficiency is improved by times.
Arc racks 1.4 are arranged on the upper arc-shaped groove and the lower arc-shaped groove; the radial rotation mechanism further comprises a first gear and a first motor 4.3; the two sets of first gears rotate in two ways:
the first way is: the two groups of first gears are all driving gears 4.4 driven by a first motor 4.3 and are respectively rotatably arranged on an upper radial rotary table 4.1 and a lower radial rotary table 4.2 to be meshed with the arc-shaped racks 1.4;
the second mode is as follows: the two groups of first gears are a driving gear 4.4 and a driven gear 4.5, which are respectively rotatably arranged on the upper radial rotary table 4.1 and the lower radial rotary table 4.2 and meshed with the arc-shaped rack 1.4, the driving gear 4.4 is driven by a first motor 4.3, and an upper part and a lower part of a radial rotary mechanism are connected into a whole after a core mold 101 and a core mold shaft 102 are arranged, and the driven gear 4.5 is driven to rotate through a clamping disk, the core mold 101 and the core mold shaft 102.
In order to simplify the structure, the present embodiment adopts the second mode.
The upper arc-shaped groove and the lower arc-shaped groove are also provided with arc-shaped tracks 1.5; the upper radial rotary table 4.1 and the lower radial rotary table 4.2 are respectively provided with an arc-shaped track limiting groove 4.6, and the arc-shaped track limiting grooves 4.6 are in sliding fit with the arc-shaped tracks 1.5 to limit other degrees of freedom of the radial rotary table so that the radial rotary table can only rotate radially.
The axial rotation mechanism further comprises a third motor 5.3; the clamping disk is rotated in two ways:
the first way is: the upper clamping disc 5.1 and the lower clamping disc 5.2 are driven by a third motor 5.3 to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed;
the second mode is as follows: the upper clamping disc 5.1 and the lower clamping disc 5.2 are respectively a driving rotating disc and a driven rotating disc, the driving rotating disc is driven to rotate by a third motor 5.3, and the driven rotating disc is driven to rotate by the core mold 101 and the core mold shaft 102.
In order to simplify the structure, the present embodiment adopts the second mode.
The upper clamping disc 5.1 and the lower clamping disc 5.2 are three-jaw chucks, and the third motor 5.3 can directly drive the clamping discs or can be driven by gears.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a filament winding method for spherical and stubby pressure vessels, which is implemented based on the filament winding control apparatus of embodiment 1, and which uses a single winding mechanism for winding, comprising the following steps.
S1, installing a core mold
The core mold shafts 102 of the two end pole holes of the core mold 101 are respectively clamped on the upper clamping disk 5.1 and the lower clamping disk 5.2:
as shown in fig. 10, when winding the isopolar hole container, the center of the core mold 101 is a winding center 103, and the winding center 103 is adjusted to the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly (the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly in this embodiment is the yarn nozzle 3.7);
as shown in fig. 11, when the container with unequal polar holes is wound, the intersection point of the connecting line of the two polar holes of the core mold 101 and the connecting line of the two core mold shafts 102 is the winding center 103, and the winding center 103 is adjusted to the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is located.
S2, controlling the annular rotary table 3.1 to be close to the upper pole hole or the lower pole hole of the core mold 101, and winding the fiber led out from the fiber roll arranged on the yarn outlet assembly to the position of the upper pole hole or the lower pole hole of the core mold 101.
S3, winding by adopting a single-group winding mechanism
The filament winding control apparatus is axially turned by the mandrel 101θCorner of winding mechanism around core mold 101ФIncluded angle between radial and horizontal plane of core mold 101ψThe three parameters control winding, the unit is the degree, the fiber winding of the spherical and short thick pressure vessel adopts three winding processes of longitudinal winding, circumferential winding and transitional winding, and the longitudinal winding process designs different longitudinal winding angles according to the requirementψ 1 Realizing the winding of different longitudinal layers and different longitudinal winding anglesψ 1 The longitudinal winding process is transited through a transitional winding process, and the longitudinal winding process and the circumferential winding process are transited through a transitional winding process;
in the process of longitudinal winding the yarn is wound,ψ=ψ 1 longitudinal winding angle when winding the same longitudinal layerψ 1 The yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly rotates around the core mould 101 for one circle, and the core mould 101 axially rotates by delta at uniform speedθ，
，
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofRThe unit mm, delta is the radius of the equator of the wound mandreltFor the fiber bandwidth, in mm,αthe unit degree is the spiral winding angle corresponding to the equatorial circle;
speed ratio of rotationiIs defined as the ratio of the number of revolutions of the mandrel 101 to the number of revolutions of the mandrel 101 at the point of yarn exit of the yarn exit assembly,
；
in the circumferential winding process, the radial rotation mechanism is adjusted to lead the core mold 101 to form an included angle between the radial direction and the horizontal planeψTo the minimum value achieved by the filament winding control equipmentψ 2 The winding mechanism connects a single wire between two mandrel shafts 102The side annular winding platform 2 performs arc reciprocating motion, as shown in fig. 12, the projection of the connecting line of the two mandrel shafts 102 on the horizontal plane of the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is taken as an origin by taking the winding center 103 as the originxAn axis perpendicular toxThe axial direction isyThe direction of the shaft vertical to the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet component is positioned iszThe shaft establishes a coordinate system, and the mandrel 101 rotates at uniform speed for one circle every time in the axial direction, and the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assemblyxCoordinate change deltatcosψ 2 According to the following formulaxFor variables, in mm, calculate the correspondingθAnd (3) withФThe value of the sum of the values,
，
wherein delta istFor the fiber bandwidth to be available,bthe unit is mm for the radius of the circle where the locus of the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet component is positioned;
in the transitional winding process, as the winding mechanism rotates around the core mold 101, the core mold 101 rotates, and the included angle between the radial direction of the core mold 101 and the horizontal plane is adjustedψThe core 101 is stably transitioned between the different process layers according to a non-geodesic stable winding profile.
S4, cutting off the fiber after all winding processes are completed.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a fiber winding method of a spherical and stubby pressure vessel, which is different from embodiment 2 in that a plurality of sets of winding mechanisms are used for winding, comprising the following steps.
S1, installing a core mold
As in example 2.
S2, controlling the annular rotary table 3.1 to be close to an upper pole hole or a lower pole hole of the core mold 101, winding fibers led out from a fiber roll arranged on the yarn outlet assembly to the upper pole hole or the lower pole hole of the core mold 101, and uniformly arranging a plurality of groups of winding mechanisms on the annular winding platform 2.
S3, winding by adopting a plurality of groups of winding mechanisms
The difference is that:
in the process of longitudinal winding the yarn is wound,ψ=ψ 1 longitudinal winding angle when winding the same longitudinal layerψ 1 The yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet component rotates around the core mould 101 for one circle, and the core mould 101 axially rotates at constant speed for n times of deltaθN is the number of winding mechanisms
，
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofRThe unit mm, delta is the radius of the equator of the wound mandreltFor the fiber bandwidth, in mm,αthe unit degree is the spiral winding angle corresponding to the equatorial circle;
speed ratio of rotationiIs defined as the ratio of the revolution of the core mould to the revolution of the core mould around the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly,
；
in the circumferential winding process, at most two groups of winding mechanisms are used, the two groups of winding mechanisms respectively perform arc-shaped reciprocating motion on the annular winding platforms 2 on two sides of the connecting line of the two mandrel shafts 102, and the other winding mechanisms are arranged at positions which do not affect the winding track, as shown in fig. 2, the rotation directions of the two groups of winding mechanisms are the same, both clockwise or anticlockwise, a coordinate system is established by adopting the same method as in embodiment 2, the mandrel rotates at a constant speed for one circle every axial direction, and the x coordinate of a yarn outlet point of a yarn outlet assembly is changed by 2 deltatcosψ 2 According to the following formulaxFor variables, in mm, calculate the correspondingθAnd (3) withФThe value of the sum of the values,
，
wherein delta istFor the fiber bandwidth to be available,bthe unit is mm for the radius of the circle where the locus of the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is located;
and (5) carrying out a transition winding process after the winding of the last group of winding mechanisms in the longitudinal winding process or the circumferential winding process is finished.
S4, after all winding processes are completed, cutting the fibers in sequence.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method of filament winding for spherical and stubby pressure vessels, comprising the steps of:
s1, installing a core mold
The fiber winding control device comprises a frame, an annular winding platform, a winding mechanism, a radial rotating mechanism and an axial rotating mechanism;
an upper arc-shaped groove and a lower arc-shaped groove are vertically arranged on the frame;
the annular winding platform is horizontally arranged, is positioned between the upper arc-shaped groove and the lower arc-shaped groove, and is vertically intersected with the upper arc-shaped groove and the lower arc-shaped groove, and a group of winding mechanisms are arranged on the annular winding platform;
the winding mechanism comprises a circumferential rotating table and a yarn outlet assembly arranged on the circumferential rotating table;
the annular rotating platform is arranged on the annular winding platform and rotates around the annular winding platform;
the radial rotating mechanism comprises an upper radial rotating table capable of rotating along the upper arc-shaped groove and a lower radial rotating table capable of rotating along the lower arc-shaped groove, and the rotating directions of the upper radial rotating table and the lower radial rotating table are the same and the rotating speeds are the same;
the axial rotating mechanism comprises an upper clamping disc rotatably mounted on the upper radial rotating table and a lower clamping disc rotatably mounted on the lower radial rotating table, the rotating directions and the rotating speeds of the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc are the same, and when the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc are 180 degrees, the connecting line of the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc penetrates through the circle center of the annular winding platform;
the mandrel shafts of the pole holes at the two ends of the mandrel are respectively clamped on an upper clamping disc and a lower clamping disc:
when the isopolar hole container is wound, the center of the core mold is a winding center, and the winding center is adjusted to be on the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is positioned;
when the container with unequal polar holes is wound, the intersection point of the connecting lines of the two end parts of the two polar holes of the mandrel and the connecting lines of the two mandrel shafts is taken as a winding center, and the winding center is adjusted to be on the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is positioned;
s2, controlling the annular rotating platform to be close to an upper pole hole or a lower pole hole of the core mold, and winding fibers led out from a fiber roll arranged on the yarn outlet assembly to the upper pole hole or the lower pole hole of the core mold;
s3, winding by adopting a single-group winding mechanism
Axial rotation angle of fiber winding control equipment through core moldθWinding mechanism winding mandrel cornerФAnd the included angle between the radial direction of the core mould and the horizontal planeψThe three parameters control winding, the unit is the degree, the fiber winding of the spherical and short thick pressure vessel adopts three winding processes of longitudinal winding, circumferential winding and transitional winding, and the longitudinal winding process designs different longitudinal winding angles according to the requirementψ 1 Realizing the winding of different longitudinal layers and different longitudinal winding anglesψ 1 The longitudinal winding process is transited through a transitional winding process, and the longitudinal winding process and the circumferential winding process are transited through a transitional winding process;
in the process of longitudinal winding the yarn is wound,ψ=ψ 1 longitudinal winding angle when winding the same longitudinal layerψ 1 The yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly rotates around the mandrel for one circle, and the mandrel axially rotates by delta at uniform speedθ，
，
Wherein the method comprises the steps ofRThe unit mm, delta is the radius of the equator of the wound mandreltFor the fiber bandwidth, in mm,αthe unit degree is the spiral winding angle corresponding to the equatorial circle;
speed ratio of rotationiIs defined as the ratio of the revolution of the core mould to the revolution of the core mould around the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly,
；
in the circumferential winding process, the radial rotation mechanism is adjusted to lead the core mould to form an included angle between the radial direction and the horizontal planeψTo the minimum value achieved by the filament winding control equipmentψ 2 The winding mechanism performs arc reciprocating motion on an annular winding platform on one side of a connecting line of the two mandrel shafts, takes a winding center as an origin, and takes projection of the connecting line of the two mandrel shafts on a horizontal plane where a yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is located asxAn axis perpendicular toxThe axial direction isyThe direction of the shaft vertical to the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet component is positioned iszThe shaft establishes a coordinate system, the mandrel rotates at uniform speed for a circle in each axial direction, and the yarn outlet assembly outputs yarn pointsxCoordinate change deltatcosψ 2 According to the following formulaxFor variables, in mm, calculate the correspondingθAnd (3) withФThe value of the sum of the values,
，
wherein delta istFor the fiber bandwidth to be available,bthe unit is mm for the radius of the circle where the locus of the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is located;
in the transition winding process, as the winding mechanism rotates around the core mold, the core mold rotates, and meanwhile, the included angle between the radial direction of the core mold and the horizontal plane is adjustedψAnd stably winding the linear according to the non-geodesic wire, so that the core mold stably transits between different process layers.
2. A method of filament winding for spherical and stubby pressure vessels, comprising the steps of:
s1, installing a core mold
The fiber winding control device comprises a frame, an annular winding platform, a winding mechanism, a radial rotating mechanism and an axial rotating mechanism;
an upper arc-shaped groove and a lower arc-shaped groove are vertically arranged on the frame;
the annular winding platform is horizontally arranged, is positioned between the upper arc-shaped groove and the lower arc-shaped groove, and is vertically intersected with the upper arc-shaped groove and the lower arc-shaped groove, and a plurality of groups of winding mechanisms are arranged on the annular winding platform;
the winding mechanism comprises a circumferential rotating table and a yarn outlet assembly arranged on the circumferential rotating table;
the annular rotating platform is arranged on the annular winding platform and rotates around the annular winding platform;
the radial rotating mechanism comprises an upper radial rotating table capable of rotating along the upper arc-shaped groove and a lower radial rotating table capable of rotating along the lower arc-shaped groove, and the rotating directions of the upper radial rotating table and the lower radial rotating table are the same and the rotating speeds are the same;
the axial rotating mechanism comprises an upper clamping disc rotatably mounted on the upper radial rotating table and a lower clamping disc rotatably mounted on the lower radial rotating table, the rotating directions and the rotating speeds of the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc are the same, and when the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc are 180 degrees, the connecting line of the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc penetrates through the circle center of the annular winding platform;
the mandrel shafts of the pole holes at the two ends of the mandrel are respectively clamped on an upper clamping disc and a lower clamping disc:
when the isopolar hole container is wound, the center of the core mold is a winding center, and the winding center is adjusted to be on the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is positioned;
when the container with unequal polar holes is wound, the intersection point of the connecting lines of the two end parts of the two polar holes of the mandrel and the connecting lines of the two mandrel shafts is taken as a winding center, and the winding center is adjusted to be on the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is positioned;
s2, controlling the annular rotating platform to be close to an upper pole hole or a lower pole hole of the core mold, winding fibers led out from a fiber roll arranged on the yarn outlet assembly to the upper pole hole or the lower pole hole of the core mold, and uniformly arranging a plurality of groups of winding mechanisms on the annular winding platform;
s3, winding by adopting a plurality of groups of winding mechanisms
Axial rotation angle of fiber winding control equipment through core moldθWinding core mould of winding mechanismCorner angleФAnd the included angle between the radial direction of the core mould and the horizontal planeψThe three parameters control winding, the unit is the degree, the fiber winding of the spherical and short thick pressure vessel adopts three winding processes of longitudinal winding, circumferential winding and transitional winding, and the longitudinal winding process designs different longitudinal winding angles according to the requirementψ 1 Realizing the winding of different longitudinal layers and different longitudinal winding anglesψ 1 The longitudinal winding process is transited through a transitional winding process, and the longitudinal winding process and the circumferential winding process are transited through a transitional winding process;
in the process of longitudinal winding the yarn is wound,ψ=ψ 1 longitudinal winding angle when winding the same longitudinal layerψ 1 The yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly rotates around the core mould for one circle, and the core mould axially rotates at constant speed for n times of deltaθN is the number of winding mechanisms,
，
wherein the method comprises the steps ofRThe unit mm, delta is the radius of the equator of the wound mandreltFor the fiber bandwidth, in mm,αthe unit degree is the spiral winding angle corresponding to the equatorial circle;
speed ratio of rotationiIs defined as the ratio of the revolution of the core mould to the revolution of the core mould around the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly,
；
in the circumferential winding process, at most two groups of winding mechanisms are used, and the radial included angle between the radial direction of the core mold and the horizontal plane is formed by adjusting the radial rotating mechanismTo the minimum value achieved by the filament winding control equipmentψ 2 The two groups of winding mechanisms respectively perform arc-shaped reciprocating motion on annular winding platforms at two sides of the connecting line of the two mandrel shafts, take the winding center as an origin, and connect the two mandrel shafts at the yarn outlet assemblyProjection of the yarn outlet point on the horizontal plane isxAn axis perpendicular toxThe axial direction isyThe direction of the shaft vertical to the horizontal plane where the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet component is positioned iszThe shaft establishes a coordinate system, the mandrel rotates at uniform speed for a circle in each axial direction, and the yarn outlet assembly outputs yarn pointsxCoordinate change 2 deltatcosψ 2 According to the following formulaxFor variables, in mm, calculate the correspondingθAnd (3) withФThe value of the sum of the values,
，
wherein delta istFor the fiber bandwidth to be available,bthe unit is mm for the radius of the circle where the locus of the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet assembly is located;
when the winding of the last group of winding mechanisms in the longitudinal winding process or the circumferential winding process is finished, performing a transitional winding process, rotating the core mold along with the rotation of the winding mechanisms around the core mold, and simultaneously adjusting the included angle between the radial direction of the core mold and the horizontal planeψAnd stably winding the linear according to the non-geodesic wire, so that the core mold stably transits between different process layers.
3. The fiber winding method of spherical and stubby pressure vessels according to claim 2, wherein in step S3, two sets of winding mechanisms perform arc-shaped reciprocating motions on annular winding platforms at both sides of the connecting line of the two mandrel shafts, respectively, and the rotation directions of the two sets of winding mechanisms are the same.
4. The method of filament winding for spherical and stubby pressure vessels according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising S4, cutting the filament after all winding processes are completed.
5. The method of filament winding for spherical and stubby pressure vessels according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the yarn take-off assembly comprises an unwind roll, a yarn guide wheel, a yarn nozzle cantilever, a yarn nozzle and a yarn take-off roll;
the unreeling roller and the yarn guide wheel are rotatably arranged on the annular rotary table;
the unreeling roller is used for installing the fiber roll;
the yarn guide wheel is used for guiding the fiber led out by the unreeling roller to pass through the yarn outlet hole of the annular rotary table;
the wire nozzle cantilevers are arranged along the radial direction of the annular winding platform and comprise a first circular ring, a second circular ring and axial connecting rods, the first circular ring and the second circular ring are connected through a plurality of axial connecting rods, the first circular ring is arranged on a yarn outlet hole of the annular rotating table, and the second circular ring is provided with a wire nozzle;
the yarn outlet roller is rotatably arranged on the yarn nozzle and is used for guiding the fibers led out from the yarn outlet hole;
the yarn outlet point of the yarn outlet component is a yarn nozzle.
6. The method for winding fibers in a spherical and stubby pressure vessel according to claim 5, wherein two unwinding rolls with opposite rotation directions and two yarn guiding wheels with same rotation directions are mounted on the annular rotary table;
the two yarn guiding wheels are provided with an upper annular wheel groove and a lower annular wheel groove, the axial height of the first yarn guiding wheel is greater than that of the second yarn guiding wheel, the second yarn guiding wheel is arranged at the yarn outlet side, and the first yarn guiding wheel is arranged between the unreeling roller and the second yarn guiding wheel;
the second circular ring is connected with the wire nozzle through a bearing;
the axial connecting rod comprises a first axial connecting rod fixedly connected with the first circular ring and a second axial connecting rod fixedly connected with the second circular ring;
the first axial connecting rod and the second axial connecting rod are in axial sliding connection through the clamping block and the clamping groove, a plurality of through holes are formed in the axial direction, and the through holes of the first axial connecting rod and the second axial connecting rod are connected through bolts and nuts.
7. The fiber winding method of the spherical and stubby pressure vessel according to claim 6, wherein the annular winding platform is provided with an annular gear ring and an annular track;
the winding mechanism further comprises a second motor and a second gear;
the second motor is arranged on the annular rotating table, and the output shaft is connected with the second gear;
the second gear is meshed with the annular gear ring;
an annular track limiting groove is formed in the annular rotating table and is in sliding fit with the annular track.
8. The filament winding method of the spherical and stubby pressure vessel according to claim 7, wherein the upper arc-shaped groove and the lower arc-shaped groove are provided with an arc-shaped rack and an arc-shaped track;
the radial rotation mechanism further comprises a first gear and a first motor;
the two groups of first gears are all driving gears driven by a first motor and are respectively rotatably arranged on the upper radial rotary table and the lower radial rotary table to be meshed with the arc-shaped racks; or the two groups of first gears are a driving gear and a driven gear, which are respectively rotatably arranged on the upper radial rotary table and the lower radial rotary table and meshed with the arc-shaped racks, and the driving gear is driven by a first motor;
and arc-shaped track limiting grooves are formed in the upper radial rotating table and the lower radial rotating table, and the arc-shaped track limiting grooves are in sliding fit with the arc-shaped tracks.
9. The method of filament winding for spherical and stubby pressure vessels of claim 8, wherein the axial rotation mechanism further comprises a third motor;
the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc are driven by a third motor to rotate in the same direction and at the same speed;
or the upper clamping disc and the lower clamping disc are respectively a driving rotating disc and a driven rotating disc, the driving rotating disc is driven to rotate by a third motor, and the driven rotating disc is driven to rotate by the core mould and the core mould shaft.
10. The method of filament winding for spherical and stubby pressure vessels of claim 9, wherein the frame comprises an upper frame, a lower frame, and a rotating member connecting the upper frame and the lower frame;
the upper arc-shaped groove is positioned on the upper frame, and the lower arc-shaped groove is positioned on the lower frame.
CN202310792273.3A 2023-06-30 2023-06-30 Filament winding method for spherical and short thick pressure vessel Active CN116533559B (en)

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