CN116518701A - Method for improving dehumidification performance of evaporator of heat pump low-temperature drying equipment and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Method for improving dehumidification performance of evaporator of heat pump low-temperature drying equipment and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN116518701A CN116518701A CN202310813673.8A CN202310813673A CN116518701A CN 116518701 A CN116518701 A CN 116518701A CN 202310813673 A CN202310813673 A CN 202310813673A CN 116518701 A CN116518701 A CN 116518701A
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- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/08—Humidity
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H4/00—Fluid heaters characterised by the use of heat pumps
- F24H4/06—Air heaters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B30/00—Heat pumps
- F25B30/02—Heat pumps of the compression type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
- F26B21/002—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure heating the drying air indirectly, i.e. using a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving dehumidification performance of an evaporator of heat pump low-temperature drying equipment and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of sludge drying equipment control. The method comprises the following steps: the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator in the heat pump unit is controlled to be 100%. In order to ensure that the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator is 100 percent, firstly, the heat exchanger is structurally designed, so that the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger meets the use requirement that the relative humidity of the air in front of the evaporator is 100 percent; and then in the running process of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment, the humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator is monitored in real time, and the running states of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit are dynamically regulated in real time so as to regulate the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator, so that the relative humidity of the air in front of the evaporator is kept at a set value, the number of compressors and fans can be reduced, and the aim of reducing energy consumption is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control method, in particular to a method for improving dehumidification performance of an evaporator of heat pump low-temperature drying equipment and electronic equipment, and belongs to the technical field of sludge drying equipment control.
Background
The sludge treatment is a processing process of reducing, stabilizing and harmless treatment such as concentration, tempering, dehydration, stabilization, desiccation or incineration of sludge.
The heat pump low-temperature sludge drying equipment is sludge deep dehydration equipment, and can effectively treat sludge with water content of 85% and below to the minimum water content of 10%. The working principle is as follows: injecting drying gas into the closed drying bin, taking out the moisture in the sludge by a humidity exchange principle, and condensing by an evaporator to remove the moisture in the air; and meanwhile, the heat pump principle is utilized to recover the latent heat of moisture condensation, so that the drying air is heated and blown into the drying bin again.
The core component of the heat pump low-temperature sludge drying equipment is a heat pump unit, and the heat pump unit is sequentially connected with a compressor, a condenser, a liquid storage tank, a high-temperature refrigerant filter, an electronic expansion valve, an evaporator and a gas-liquid separator to form a refrigeration cycle; the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant gas forms high-temperature high-pressure gas after acting through a compressor, the high-temperature high-pressure refrigerant gas enters a condenser to be cooled to form low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant gas, heat is released into an air medium, then the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant gas is throttled through a liquid storage tank, a high-temperature refrigerant filter and an electronic expansion valve to form low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid, the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid enters an evaporator, the evaporator absorbs latent heat in the air to enable the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant liquid to be changed into a low-temperature low-pressure gas and liquid mixture, meanwhile, the air is cooled, and the low-temperature low-pressure refrigerant gas is formed after being separated through a gas-liquid separator and then enters the compressor again, so that the heat exchange refrigeration cycle is achieved.
In the existing heat pump low-temperature sludge drying equipment, the dehumidification latent heat ratio of the evaporator (the dehumidification latent heat ratio refers to the ratio of the air dehumidification quantity at two sides of the evaporator converted into heat/air enthalpy difference, namely the ratio of the total refrigerating capacity of the compressors to the dehumidification part) is lower (0.73-0.75), so that the use efficiency of the evaporation and dehumidification of the refrigerating capacity is lower, and a plurality of compressors and fans are required to be arranged, so that the whole energy consumption of the equipment is larger.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for improving the dehumidifying performance of an evaporator of a heat pump low-temperature drying apparatus, which improves the dehumidifying latent heat ratio of the evaporator by improving the relative humidity of the air in front of the evaporator, and dynamically adjusts the operation state of a heat pump unit in real time during the operation process, so that the relative humidity of the air in front of the evaporator is maintained at 100%, thereby reducing the number of compressors and fans, and achieving the purpose of reducing energy consumption.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the method for improving the dehumidification performance of the evaporator of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment comprises a heat exchanger and a heat pump unit, wherein in the heat pump unit, a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and the evaporator are sequentially connected to form a refrigeration cycle loop; after the heat of the wet and hot air is exchanged by a heat exchanger under the action of a circulating fan, the wet and hot air sequentially passes through an evaporator and a condenser in a heat pump unit to form dry and hot air, and the dry and hot air enters a drying bin of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment; the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator in the heat pump unit is controlled to be 100%.
In order to ensure that the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator is 100%, the heat exchanger is firstly designed in a structure so that the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger can meet the working condition requirement that the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator is 100%;
and then, in the running process of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment, the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator is monitored in real time, and the running states of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit are dynamically regulated in real time, so that the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator is kept at 100%.
As a preferred mode of the invention, when the heat exchanger is structurally designed, firstly, a simulation model of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment is established, and the simulation model is used for simulating the air temperature and humidity gradient in the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment; the heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger simulation unit in the simulation model is adjusted, so that the heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger simulation unit can meet the working condition requirement that the relative humidity of hot and humid air entering the evaporator is 100%, and the heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger simulation unit in the simulation model at the moment is obtained; and based on the obtained heat exchange amount, carrying out structural design on the heat exchanger.
In an embodiment of the present invention, when the relative humidity of the hot humid air before the evaporator deviates from a set value by 100%, the heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger is adjusted first, and when the heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger is adjusted to a maximum value and the relative humidity of the hot humid air before the evaporator still does not reach 100%, the relative humidity of the hot humid air before the evaporator is further adjusted by adopting one or more modes of adjusting the air volume of the circulating fan and adjusting the rotational speed of the compressor.
As a preferred mode of the present invention, when the relative humidity of the hot and humid air before the evaporator is further adjusted, the priority order is: and adjusting the air quantity of the circulating fan and the rotating speed of the compressor.
As a preferable mode of the invention, the pressure of the front end of the condenser is monitored in real time in the running process of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment, and when the pressure of the front end of the condenser is larger than a set value, the superheat degree of the evaporator is regulated.
As a preferable mode of the invention, a heat exchange unit is arranged between the compressor and the condenser of the heat pump unit, and if the pressure at the front end of the condenser is still larger than a set value after the superheat degree of the evaporator is regulated, the heat exchange amount of the heat exchange unit is increased so as to reduce the pressure at the front end of the condenser.
Furthermore, the invention provides an electronic device comprising a memory storing a computer program and a processor implementing the steps of the above method when executing the computer program.
The beneficial effects are that:
(1) The invention can improve the dehumidification latent heat ratio of the evaporator by controlling the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator in the heat pump unit to be 100 percent, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing energy consumption; experiments show that the relative humidity of the wet and hot air before the evaporator is maintained at 100%, so that the dehumidification latent heat ratio of the evaporator can be improved from 75% to 85%.
(2) In the invention, in order to ensure that the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator is 100 percent, the heat exchanger is optimally designed, so that the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger can meet the working condition requirement from the aspect of hardware.
(3) In the running process of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment, the relative humidity of the hot and humid air of the evaporator is monitored in real time, dynamic deviation correction is carried out according to set deviation correction logic, and the relative humidity of the air entering the evaporator is ensured to be kept at 100%.
(4) In the invention, in order to ensure the safe operation of the heat pump unit, a heat exchange unit is arranged between the compressor and the condenser, so that emergency adjustment in the operation process of the heat pump unit can be realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a heat pump unit in a heat pump low temperature drying apparatus;
fig. 2 is a logic diagram for dynamic regulation of the operating state of the heat pump unit to ensure that the relative humidity of the air before the evaporator is maintained at 100%.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and examples.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a method for improving the dehumidification performance of an evaporator of heat pump low-temperature drying equipment (namely heat pump low-temperature sludge drying equipment), and the dehumidification latent heat ratio of the evaporator is improved by adopting a mode of improving the relative humidity of air in front of the evaporator, so that the number of compressors and fans can be reduced, and the aim of reducing energy consumption is achieved.
In the scheme, the heat exchanger is optimally designed, and the relative humidity of the wet and hot air before the evaporator is kept at 100% through real-time dynamic adjustment in the operation process (namely, the wet and hot air before the evaporator is saturated air with the relative humidity of 100%), so that the dehumidification latent heat ratio of the evaporator can be improved from 75% to 85%.
As shown in fig. 1, in the heat pump low-temperature drying device, circulating hot and humid air is subjected to heat exchange by a heat exchanger (specifically a water-cooling heat exchanger in the scheme) under the action of a circulating fan, and then sequentially passes through an evaporator and a condenser in a heat pump unit to form circulating hot and humid air, and the circulating hot and humid air is blown into a drying bin.
In order to ensure that the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator is 100%, the heat exchanger is optimally designed to ensure that the heat exchange quantity of the heat exchanger can meet the working condition requirement when the relative humidity of the air in front of the evaporator is 100%. The method for optimizing the heat exchange quantity of the heat exchanger comprises the following steps: a simulation model of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment is established by adopting DYMOLA, the temperature and humidity gradient of air in the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment is digitally simulated through the simulation model, and the heat exchange quantity of a heat exchanger simulation unit in the simulation model is adjusted, so that the heat exchange quantity of the heat exchanger simulation unit can meet the working condition requirement that the relative humidity of air in front of an evaporator is 100%, and the heat exchange quantity of the heat exchanger simulation unit in the simulation model at the moment is acquired; based on the heat exchange amount of the obtained heat exchanger simulation unit, the structure and the size of the heat exchanger are determined, and the heat exchanger is structurally designed according to the structure size, so that the working condition requirement that the relative humidity of air in front of the evaporator is 100% can be met in terms of hardware structure.
However, in the actual operation process, the relative humidity of the air in front of the evaporator cannot be maintained at 100% due to various interferences, and based on this, the real-time dynamic adjustment (i.e., deviation correction) of the operation state is further performed.
On the circulating air path, humidity sensors are arranged on the pipeline in front of and behind the water-cooled heat exchanger and on the pipeline at the position of the evaporator air inlet (the position where the hot and humid air enters the evaporator) so as to monitor the humidity of the hot and humid air before entering the evaporator in real time, and in the running process of the heat pump unit, the humidity sensor at the position of the evaporator air inlet monitors the humidity of the air before the evaporator in real time so as to obtain the relative humidity of the air at the position. Specific:
when the relative humidity of the front humid hot air of the evaporator deviates from the set 100% (i.e. the difference from the set 100% exceeds the set error range), the heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger is preferentially adjusted, thereby enabling the preliminary adjustment of the relative humidity of the front humid hot air of the evaporator. However, the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger is limited by the structural size, and when the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger is adjusted to the maximum, but the relative humidity of the humid hot air in front of the evaporator still deviates from the set 100%, the relative humidity of the humid hot air in front of the evaporator can be further adjusted by adopting a mode of adjusting the air quantity of the circulating fan and the rotating speed of the compressor. The air quantity of the circulating fan is regulated by adopting variable frequency regulation, so that the air quantity passing through the condenser and the evaporator can be controlled, and the heat quantity is changed; the compressor is a variable frequency compressor, the pressure and the temperature of refrigerant gas after the compressor compresses can be adjusted by adjusting the rotating speed of the compressor (for changing the refrigerating capacity and the heating capacity of the compressor, for example, the dehumidifying capacity of an evaporator can be reduced when the refrigerating capacity of the compressor is reduced, and the relative humidity of air can be indirectly influenced by the rising of air humidity.
When the evaporation temperature is further regulated in the mode, the priority order is as follows: the air quantity of the fan is adjusted, namely, the air quantity of the circulating fan is adjusted, namely, the saturation degree of the front wet hot air of the evaporator is adjusted in a mode of adjusting the air quantity of the circulating fan, when the relative humidity of the front wet hot air of the evaporator reaches 100% after the air quantity of the circulating fan is adjusted, other adjustment is not needed, otherwise, the rotating speed of the compressor is further adjusted, and the rotating speed of the compressor is further adjusted, as shown in fig. 2.
Example 2:
on the basis of the above embodiment 1, an emergency adjustment mode during the operation of the heat pump unit is further given.
In order to ensure safe operation of the heat pump unit, a water cannon heat exchanger (one of shell-and-tube heat exchangers) is arranged between the compressor and the condenser as a heat exchange unit.
When the pressure sensor A monitors that the pressure at the front end of the condenser is larger than a set threshold value in the operation process of the heat pump unit, the heat pump unit enters an emergency regulation state, and when the heat pump unit enters the emergency regulation state, the regulation of the superheat degree of the evaporator is preferentially carried out (the temperature of the condenser is high corresponding to the high pressure, and the superheat degree needs to be reduced because the temperature needs to be reduced), but the superheat degree of the evaporator can be regulated within a certain range (for example, the regulation of about 8K can be realized); if the superheat degree of the evaporator is regulated, the pressure at the front end of the condenser is still larger than a set threshold value, and the heat exchange quantity of the water cannon heater is increased so as to prevent the temperature and the pressure of the condenser from being too high.
Example 3:
the present embodiment provides an electronic device including a memory and a processor, the memory having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by the processor, implements the control methods of embodiments 1-2.
The foregoing is a further detailed description of the invention in connection with specific embodiments, and it is not intended that the invention be limited to such description. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several simple deductions or substitutions may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these should be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The method for improving the dehumidification performance of the evaporator of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment comprises a heat exchanger and a heat pump unit, wherein in the heat pump unit, a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and the evaporator are sequentially connected to form a refrigeration cycle loop; after the heat of the wet and hot air is exchanged by a heat exchanger under the action of a circulating fan, the wet and hot air sequentially passes through an evaporator and a condenser in a heat pump unit to form dry and hot air, and the dry and hot air enters a drying bin of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment;
the method is characterized in that:
the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator in the heat pump unit is controlled to be 100%.
2. The method for improving the dehumidification performance of the evaporator of the heat pump low-temperature drying device according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in order to ensure that the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator is 100%, firstly, the heat exchanger is structurally designed, so that the heat exchange capacity of the heat exchanger can meet the working condition requirement that the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator is 100%;
and then, in the running process of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment, the humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator is monitored in real time, and the running states of the heat exchanger and the heat pump unit are dynamically regulated in real time, so that the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator is kept at 100%.
3. The method for improving the dehumidification performance of the evaporator of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: when the heat exchanger is designed, firstly, a simulation model of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment is established, and the simulation model is used for simulating the air temperature and humidity gradient in the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment; the heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger simulation unit in the simulation model is adjusted, so that the heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger simulation unit can meet the working condition requirement that the relative humidity of the hot and humid air entering the evaporator is 100%, and the heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger simulation unit in the simulation model at the moment is obtained; and carrying out structural design on the heat exchanger based on the obtained heat exchange quantity.
4. A method for improving the dehumidification performance of an evaporator of a heat pump low temperature drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
in the running process of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment, when the relative humidity of the hot and humid air in front of the evaporator deviates from the set 100%, firstly, the heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger is adjusted, and if the relative humidity of the hot and humid air in front of the evaporator still does not reach 100% when the heat exchange amount of the heat exchanger is adjusted to the maximum, the further adjustment of the relative humidity of the hot and humid air in front of the evaporator is realized by adopting one or more modes of adjusting the air quantity of the circulating fan and adjusting the rotating speed of the compressor.
5. The method for improving the dehumidification performance of the evaporator of the heat pump low-temperature drying device according to claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
when the relative humidity of the wet and hot air in front of the evaporator is further adjusted, the priority order is as follows: and adjusting the air quantity of the circulating fan and the rotating speed of the compressor.
6. A method for improving the dehumidification performance of an evaporator of a heat pump low temperature drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein:
and in the running process of the heat pump low-temperature drying equipment, the pressure at the front end of the condenser is monitored in real time, and when the pressure at the front end of the condenser is larger than a set value, the superheat degree of the evaporator is regulated.
7. The method for improving the dehumidification performance of the evaporator of the heat pump low-temperature drying device according to claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and a heat exchange unit is arranged between the compressor of the heat pump unit and the condenser, and if the pressure at the front end of the condenser is still larger than a set value after the superheat degree of the evaporator is regulated, the heat exchange amount of the heat exchange unit is increased so as to reduce the pressure at the front end of the condenser.
8. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 7 when the computer program is executed.
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