CN116517597A - Tunnel construction safety operation method, protective cover and net piece bracket - Google Patents
Tunnel construction safety operation method, protective cover and net piece bracket Download PDFInfo
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- CN116517597A CN116517597A CN202310470562.1A CN202310470562A CN116517597A CN 116517597 A CN116517597 A CN 116517597A CN 202310470562 A CN202310470562 A CN 202310470562A CN 116517597 A CN116517597 A CN 116517597A
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 201000006474 Brain Ischemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010008120 Cerebral ischaemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000001715 carotid artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 206010008118 cerebral infarction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000153 supplemental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/15—Plate linings; Laggings, i.e. linings designed for holding back formation material or for transmitting the load to main supporting members
- E21D11/152—Laggings made of grids or nettings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
- E21D11/24—Knuckle joints or links between arch members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/40—Devices or apparatus specially adapted for handling or placing units of linings or supporting units for tunnels or galleries
- E21D11/406—Placing endless lining elements, e.g. from reels
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tunnel construction safety operation method, a protective cover and a net sheet bracket, wherein the safety operation method comprises the steps of installing a protective net sheet or an explosion-proof net and/or a protective cover; the protection net or the explosion-proof net and the protection cover are installed on the basis of a tunnel construction trolley with a lifting device, and are lifted by means of the lifting device; in the lifting process of the protective net or the explosion-proof net, the protective net or the explosion-proof net is supported by an arched grid net bracket; the protective cover to be installed is provided with telescopic supporting legs, and the protective cover can be independently supported on the tunnel bottom plate by the telescopic supporting legs. The protection casing is used for providing safety construction protection, and the net piece bracket is used for assisting in laying protection net piece or explosion-proof net. The invention has the advantages that the safe construction method can reduce labor intensity, save labor and eliminate the hidden danger of the operation in the upward posture; and the functions of the tunnel construction trolley are fully utilized, and the setting cost of the protection facility and the total cost of tunnel construction are reduced in multiple ways. The protective cover is used for forming a safety protection facility; the net sheet bracket is used for assisting in installing the safety net sheet.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a tunnel construction technology, in particular to a tunnel construction safety operation method, a protective cover and a net piece bracket.
Background
The tunnel construction belongs to underground construction, and the safety problem of construction relates to personnel safety of constructors and property safety of construction equipment and facilities, and is necessarily highly valued by related parties. Although the geological conditions of the tunnels are different, the safety influencing factors are greatly different. But based on industry specification and safety construction requirements, the method generally comprises the steps of carrying out necessary primary support protection after tunneling and excavation, such as paving a protection net sheet or an explosion-proof net on the tunnel wall, or arranging a protection cover for preventing rock burst in a region with rock burst risk so as to form a protection net sheet or an explosion-proof net on the protection net sheet or the explosion-proof net; and/or, the construction operation is carried out under the protection of the protective cover, so that the safety of constructors and construction facilities is ensured.
In the prior art, the installation step of the protection net piece comprises the steps of manually spreading the protection net piece and fixedly paving the protection net piece under a supporting state, and paving a semi-automatic tunnel reinforcing steel bar net paving device based on a trolley, wherein when the protection net piece is paved manually, particularly the installation of a vault part, auxiliary personnel are required to lift the net piece in a tilting mode and then fix the net piece, so that the number of the auxiliary personnel is large, and the efficiency is low. Not only has the problem of great operation difficulty, but also causes the potential safety hazard of cerebral ischemia due to long-time head-up compression of carotid artery, and needs to be improved. The semi-automatic tunnel reinforcing mesh laying device is high in laying efficiency, low in labor intensity and low in manpower consumption, but is complex in structure and high in manufacturing cost, and construction cost is raised. In addition, the anti-explosion net has better protection effect than the protection net sheet, but the weight per unit area is large, and the net sheet with the specification of 4m multiplied by 4m is usually manufactured, but not the whole sheet structure extending from one arch leg to the other arch leg of the tunnel. Because no special installation facility exists at present, the installation process is usually carried out in a net hanging mode, namely, a part of anchor rods with implantation depth are pre-planted on the tunnel wall, the anchor rods are used for hanging the net, and then the explosion-proof net is fixed on the tunnel wall through the pre-planted anchor rods and the supplemental anchor rods. The tunnel vault part is installed in place mainly by adopting a manual lifting mode, and the same problems of manual installation of the protection net sheet exist. In addition, in the prior art, the protection cover is usually arranged on the trolley, so that the trolley is occupied by drilling, charging operation and the like of the face excavation in the protection cover, and construction operations such as arch installation, primary support anchor spraying and the like cannot be implemented by utilizing the trolley in the process, thereby correspondingly raising the production cost. For this reason, continued improvement is desired.
Disclosure of Invention
The first aim of the invention is to provide a tunnel construction safety operation method aiming at the defect of construction cost elevation caused by the arrangement mode of protective facilities in the prior tunnel construction, wherein a protective net sheet or an explosion-proof net is paved by a tunnel construction trolley with a lifting device; and/or the protection cover which is independently supported, the protection net sheet or the explosion-proof net or the protection cover is lifted to be attached to the tunnel vault by the trolley lifting device, and then the protection net sheet or the explosion-proof net or the protection cover is fixed manually. The mechanical power of the construction trolley in the tunnel is utilized to lift the protective net or the explosion-proof net, or the protective cover replaces manual lifting, so that the labor intensity is reduced, and the potential safety hazard of the lifting operation by the manual lifting is eliminated; meanwhile, the special facility with complex structure and high manufacturing cost is replaced by a man-machine combination mode, and after the protective facility is arranged on the tunnel construction trolley, other construction operations can be carried out, so that the functions of the tunnel construction trolley are fully utilized, and the setting cost of the protective facility and the total cost of tunnel construction are reduced through multiple ways. A second object of the present invention is to provide a protective cover. A third object of the invention is to provide a mesh tray.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A tunnel construction safe operation method comprises the steps of installing a protective net sheet or an explosion-proof net and/or a protective cover; the installation of the protection net sheet or the explosion-proof net and the protection cover is implemented based on a tunnel construction trolley with a lifting device, and the protection net sheet or the explosion-proof net and the protection cover are lifted to a height close to a tunnel vault by means of the lifting device; in the lifting process of the protective net or the explosion-proof net, the protective net or the explosion-proof net is supported by an arched grid net bracket; the protective cover to be installed is provided with telescopic supporting legs and can be independently supported on the tunnel bottom plate by the telescopic supporting legs.
According to the invention adopting the technical scheme, the installation of the protective net or the explosion-proof net and the protective cover is implemented by the tunnel construction trolley with the lifting device, the protective net or the explosion-proof net laid on the arched net-shaped net bracket support is lifted to the height close to the tunnel vault by the lifting device, and then the protective net or the explosion-proof net is manually fixed on the tunnel wall; or lifting the protective cover with the telescopic support legs to a height close to the tunnel vault, and independently supporting the protective cover on the tunnel bottom plate by the telescopic support legs. The mechanical power of the construction trolley in the tunnel is utilized to lift the protective net or the explosion-proof net, or the protective cover replaces manual lifting, so that the labor intensity is reduced, the labor is saved, and the potential safety hazard of the lifting operation of the manual lifting is eliminated; meanwhile, by means of man-machine combination, special facilities with high manufacturing cost and complex structure are replaced. After the installation is completed, the tunnel construction trolley can carry out other construction operations after evacuation, the tunnel space below the protection net or the explosion-proof net can carry out subsequent primary support improvement and secondary lining operations such as arch combination, installation and the like, the tunnel space below the protection cover of the tunnel face can carry out drilling and charging operations, and the protection cover provides safe construction protection. Thereby the functions of the tunnel construction trolley are fully utilized, and the setting cost of the protection facility and the total cost of tunnel construction are reduced in multiple ways. The tunnel construction trolley with the lifting device can adopt Chinese patent bulletin number CN216974881U, bulletin date 2022, 7 month and 15 days, and bulletin authorized 'safe and stable tunnel construction trolley'.
Preferably, the step of installing the protective mesh or the explosion-proof mesh comprises,
first, paving preparation: under the condition that a net sheet bracket is placed on the lifting device, paving a prefabricated protection net sheet or an explosion-proof net of a vault part on the net sheet bracket, and centering the protection net sheet or the explosion-proof net of the vault part left and right;
secondly, the mesh is in place: synchronous lifting is carried out by utilizing two hydraulic lifting beams of a lifting device, and the vault part of the protection net sheet is attached to the arch roof of the tunnel by virtue of the net sheet bracket; or, the explosion-proof net of the vault part is attached to the vault of the tunnel;
thirdly, fixing the net piece: and in the state that the protective net or the explosion-proof net is supported by the net bracket, the vault part of the protective net or the explosion-proof net is fixed on the tunnel wall by using the net anchor rod.
The anti-explosion net of the protection net piece or the vault part can be laid by means of manpower, so that the protection net piece or the anti-explosion net is laid in a man-machine combined mode, the advantages of the anti-explosion net are fully exerted, the labor intensity is reduced by lifting and transporting the trolley, the characteristic of convenience in manual operation is fully utilized, and the cost is reduced. Under the condition that the tunnel construction trolley is provided with a lifting device, a net piece bracket, a protective net piece or an explosion-proof net can be lifted by the lifting device. Under the condition that the hydraulic lifting beam of the lifting device is provided with the track trolley, the mesh bracket, the protection mesh or the explosion-proof mesh can be carried from one end of the trolley to the other end of the trolley by using the track trolley. So as to save manpower and reduce labor intensity.
Further preferably, in the step of fixing the mesh in the third step, the installing of the protection mesh includes fixing the top part of the protection mesh on the arch wall of the tunnel by using the mesh space of the mesh bracket, pushing the free part of the protection mesh against the side wall of the tunnel by using the side push rod of the tunnel construction trolley, and fixing the free part of the protection mesh with the side wall of the tunnel by using the anchor rod; the installation of the explosion-proof net comprises the steps of firstly utilizing a grid space of a net sheet bracket to fix a vault part of the explosion-proof net on a tunnel arch wall, then hanging the upper end section of the side wall part of the explosion-proof net on the explosion-proof net of the vault part through a third component, and then fixing the explosion-proof net with the side wall of the tunnel through an anchor rod; or hanging by using anchor rods pre-planted on the side wall of the tunnel, and then fixing the anchor rods with the side wall of the tunnel through all anchor rods of the corresponding part; or hanging the side wall part of the anti-explosion net on the side wall of the tunnel by utilizing an anchor rod pre-planted on the upper part of the side wall of the tunnel, and finally fixing the side wall part of the anti-explosion net with the side wall of the tunnel by utilizing all anchor rods. The construction operation of fixing the protection net or the explosion-proof net is implemented by the aid of the operation platform of the tunnel construction platform, the net fixing operation is convenient, and the trolley operation platform is fully utilized. The protection net piece is formed by gradually extending, paving, installing and fixing the whole net piece along the tunnel vault to the arch springing, and the installation process of the explosion-proof net is formed by paving, installing and fixing a plurality of explosion-proof nets one by one along the tunnel vault to the arch springing.
Preferably, the step of installing the shield includes,
first, installation preparation: placing the manufactured protective cover on a lifting device through a vault part of the protective cover;
secondly, placing a protective cover in place: lifting by using two hydraulic lifts Liang Tongbu of a lifting device, so that the vault part of the protective cover is attached to the vault of the tunnel;
thirdly, fixing a protective cover: and supporting the protective cover on the tunnel bottom plate by using telescopic support legs of the protective cover under the state that the vault part of the protective cover is propped against the vault of the tunnel by the hydraulic lifting beam.
The protective cover can be placed by manpower, so that the protective cover is installed in a man-machine combined mode, the advantages of the protective cover are fully exerted, the labor intensity is reduced by lifting and transporting the trolley, the characteristic of convenience in manual operation is fully utilized, and the integral construction cost is reduced. Under the condition that the tunnel construction trolley is provided with the lifting device, the protective cover can be lifted by the lifting device. Under the condition that the hydraulic lifting beam of the lifting device is provided with the track trolley, the track trolley can be used for conveying the protective cover from one end of the trolley to the other end of the trolley. So as to save manpower and reduce labor intensity.
Further preferably, in the structure that the protective cover comprises a vault section and two arch leg sections and is hinged in sequence, a plurality of side ejector rods synchronously driven by at least two side ejector cylinders are further arranged on two sides of the tunnel construction platform, and the side ejector rods longitudinally extend along the trolley; the protective cover in the second step is positioned, and the two arch leg sections of the protective cover are pushed to cling to the corresponding tunnel side walls based on the side ejector rods. So that each section of the protective cover is sequentially clung to the tunnel wall, and then is supported and fixed through the supporting legs, thereby ensuring the protection effect of preventing the rock burst. The main purpose of dividing the protective cover according to the vault section and the two arch leg sections in the method is to show the sections of the protective cover, and the vault section and the arch leg sections are not limited to a single-section structure, that is, the vault section and the arch leg section can be of a single-section structure or at least two-section structures which are hinged in sequence.
Preferably, in the process of installing the protection net or the explosion-proof net and the protection cover, the protection net or the explosion-proof net is paved first, and then the protection cover is installed. Under the condition that the protection net sheet or the explosion-proof net forms basic protection, the protection cover is erected to form comprehensive and reliable protection.
Preferably, the protective cover is arranged near the face of the tunnel to form safety protection for the face operation. So as to carry out the operations of drilling and charging the face under the protection of the protective cover.
Preferably, during the installation of the protective net or the explosion-proof net and/or the protective cover, the protective net or the explosion-proof net or the protective cover is carried on the tunnel construction trolley by means of the rail trolley on the lifting device. So that the existing facilities on the tunnel construction trolley are fully utilized, the manpower is saved, and the labor intensity is reduced.
In order to achieve the second object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The utility model provides a protection casing, includes a vault section and two arch springing sections, and arch springing section is articulated with the vault section, and two arch springing section lower extreme all is equipped with two at least flexible landing legs based on screw-nut adjusts.
By adopting the protective cover of the scheme, the protective cover forms an independent supporting structure by arranging at least two telescopic supporting legs which are adjusted by the screw nuts at the lower ends of the two sides of the protective cover main body, and the protective cover is not required to be supported by other members. When the tunnel face protection device is applied, the tunnel face is conveyed by virtue of the trolley, the supporting legs are independently supported on the tunnel bottom plate, the tunnel face is conveniently separated from the trolley, and protection is independently provided for the operation of the tunnel face, so that the functions of the protection cover and the tunnel construction trolley are fully exerted. For convenient transportation, the protective cover main body is preferably composed of three sections which are hinged in sequence, and comprises a vault section and two arch leg sections. To ensure stable and reliable support, the lower ends of the telescopic legs are preferably provided with hinged foot plates.
In order to achieve the third object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A net sheet bracket is used for installing a protection net sheet or an explosion-proof net for assisting tunnel primary support, and comprises a plurality of longitudinally distributed arched beams and connecting rods fixedly connected with the arched beams; the arched beams and the connecting rods combine to form an arched grid-like framework.
By adopting the protective cover of the scheme, the net sheet bracket is arranged into the arched grid-shaped frame structure, so that the net sheet bracket and the protective net sheet or the anti-explosion net are lifted upwards simultaneously by the lifting device of the tunnel construction trolley and are fixed with the tunnel vault through the anchor rod in a supporting state in the process of installing the protective net sheet or the anti-explosion net of the tunnel primary support and the lifting device of the tunnel construction trolley. Wherein the arched beams are formed by bending. To reduce weight, the arched beams and the connecting rods are made of metal tubing or wood material. When the metal pipe is adopted for manufacturing, each connecting point is directly welded, or is fixedly connected in a riveting or welding mode by an angle steel lining mode; when the timber is adopted to make, each tie point passes through mortise and tenon structure fixed connection.
The invention has the advantages that the safety construction method utilizes the mechanical power of the construction trolley in the tunnel to lift the protection net sheet or the explosion-proof net or the protection cover to replace manual lifting, thereby reducing the labor intensity, saving the labor, and eliminating the hidden trouble of the elevation operation of the manual lifting; meanwhile, by means of man-machine combination, special facilities with high manufacturing cost and complex structure are replaced. After the installation is completed, the tunnel construction trolley can carry out other construction operations after evacuation, can carry out subsequent primary support and secondary lining operations such as arch combination, installation and the like under the protection net, can carry out drilling and charging operations under the protection cover of the tunnel face, and provides safety construction protection by the protection cover. Thereby the functions of the tunnel construction trolley are fully utilized, and the setting cost of the protection facility and the total cost of tunnel construction are reduced in multiple ways. The protective cover is used for forming a safety protection facility; the net sheet bracket is used for assisting in installing the safety net sheet.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic isometric view of the overall structure of a mesh tray placed on a tunnel construction trolley during the implementation of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the whole structure of the protection net or the explosion-proof net in the spreading state when the protection net or the explosion-proof net is spread based on the tunnel construction trolley in the implementation process of the method of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic isometric view of the overall structure of the shield placed on the tunnel construction trolley during the implementation of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of the whole structure of the protection cover in the state of being opened when the protection cover is arranged based on the tunnel construction trolley in the implementation process of the method.
Fig. 5 is a schematic front view of the structure of the shield of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the telescopic leg structure in the protective cover according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a partial view of the invention in the direction a of fig. 6.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural isometric view of a mesh tray of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the portion B in fig. 8 according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the embodiments.
Embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1 and 2, a tunnel construction safety operation method includes installing a protective mesh 300; the protection net 300 is installed on the basis of the tunnel construction trolley 100 with a lifting device, and is lifted to be close to the vault of the tunnel by the lifting device 110; during lifting of the protective mesh 300, the protective mesh 300 is supported by the arched mesh-like mesh holder 200. Mesh panel bracket 200 is formed from a plurality of longitudinally spaced arcuate beams in combination with connecting rods fixedly attached to the arcuate beams.
The specific steps of the installation include the steps of,
first, paving preparation: centering the mesh support 200 on the lifting device 110, laying the prefabricated protective mesh 300 on the mesh support 200, and centering the protective mesh 300 left and right;
secondly, the mesh is in place: the two hydraulic lifting beams 111 of the lifting device 110 are used for lifting synchronously, and the vault part of the protection net 300 is attached to the vault of the tunnel by the net bracket 200; the hydraulic lifting beam 111 is provided with a track trolley 112, the hydraulic lifting beam 111 forms a track for the track trolley 112 to run, and the net sheet bracket 200 is borne on the track trolley 112 through an arched beam thereof.
Thirdly, fixing the net piece: the protective mesh 300 is fixed to the tunnel wall by the mesh anchor rods in a state where the protective mesh 300 is held by the mesh holder 200.
Wherein, two sides of the tunnel construction station 100 are also provided with a plurality of side ejector rods 120 synchronously driven by at least two side ejector cylinders 121, and the side ejector rods 120 extend along the longitudinal direction of the trolley; in the mesh fixing step, the mesh space of the mesh bracket 200 is utilized to fix the top end portion of the protective mesh 300 on the arch wall of the tunnel, then the side ejector rod 120 of the tunnel construction trolley 100 is utilized to eject the free portion of the protective mesh 300 on the side wall of the tunnel, and then the free portion is fixed with the side wall of the tunnel through the anchor rod.
The work of fixing the mesh is performed by the work platform of the tunnel construction site 100.
Embodiment 2 referring to fig. 1 and 2, a tunnel construction safety operation method includes installation of an explosion-proof network; the installation of the explosion-proof net is carried out based on the tunnel construction trolley 100 with a lifting device, and is lifted to a height closely attached to a tunnel vault by the lifting device 110; during the lifting of the dome section of the blast net, the dome section of the blast net is supported by the arched mesh tray 200. Mesh panel bracket 200 is formed from a plurality of longitudinally spaced arcuate beams in combination with connecting rods fixedly attached to the arcuate beams.
The specific steps of the installation include the steps of,
first, paving preparation: centering the mesh support 200 on the lifting device 110, laying a dome portion explosion-proof mesh on the mesh support 200, and centering the dome portion explosion-proof mesh left and right;
secondly, the mesh is in place: the two hydraulic lifting beams 111 of the lifting device 110 are used for synchronous lifting, and the arch crown part explosion-proof net is attached to the tunnel arch crown by the net sheet bracket 200; the hydraulic lifting beam 111 is provided with a track trolley 112, the hydraulic lifting beam 111 forms a track for the track trolley 112 to run, and the net sheet bracket 200 is borne on the track trolley 112 through an arched beam thereof.
Thirdly, fixing the net piece: in a state that the dome portion explosion-proof net is supported by the mesh bracket 200, the dome portion explosion-proof net is fixed on the tunnel wall by the mesh anchor rods.
Wherein, two sides of the tunnel construction station 100 are also provided with a plurality of side ejector rods 120 synchronously driven by at least two side ejector cylinders 121, and the side ejector rods 120 extend along the longitudinal direction of the trolley; in the mesh fixing step, firstly, the arch part of the explosion-proof mesh is fixed on the arch wall of the tunnel by utilizing the mesh space of the mesh bracket, then the upper end section of the side wall part of the explosion-proof mesh is hooked on the explosion-proof mesh of the arch part through a third component, such as an S-shaped hook or a C-shaped hook, and then the explosion-proof mesh is fixed with the side wall of the tunnel through an anchor rod.
In this embodiment, in the step of fixing the mesh, the anchor rods pre-planted on the side wall of the tunnel may be used to replace the scheme of hanging the third member on the explosion-proof mesh of the dome portion, and then the anchor rods are fixed to the side wall of the tunnel through all the anchor rods of the corresponding portion.
In this embodiment, in the step of fixing the mesh, the anchor rod pre-planted on the upper portion of the tunnel side wall may be used to hang, and then the side wall portion of the anti-explosion net is propped against the tunnel side wall through the side ejector rod of the tunnel construction trolley, so as to replace the scheme of hanging the net by using the anchor rod pre-planted on the tunnel side wall, and finally, the net is fixed with the tunnel side wall through all the anchor rods.
The work of fixing the mesh sheets of the foregoing embodiments 1 and 2 is performed by the work platform of the tunnel construction machine 100.
During the installation of the protective mesh 300 or the anti-explosion mesh, the method further comprises the step of carrying the protective mesh 300 or the anti-explosion mesh on the tunnel construction trolley 100 by means of the rail trolley 112 on the lifting device 110. Specifically, at one end of the tunnel construction trolley 100 facing the tunnel portal, the mesh sheet bracket 200 is placed on the rail trolley 112 of the lifting device 110, then the protection mesh sheet 300 or the explosion-proof mesh is lapped on the mesh sheet bracket 200, the protection mesh sheet 300 or the explosion-proof mesh is distributed left and right approximately uniformly through traction so as to keep left and right balance, and then the mesh sheet bracket 200 and the protection mesh sheet 300 or the explosion-proof mesh are carried together on the rail trolley 112 to one end of the tunnel construction trolley 100 facing the tunnel face.
In the case where the tunnel construction trolley 100 has a lifting device, the mesh sheet holder 200 and the protection mesh sheet 300 or the explosion-proof mesh may be lifted by the lifting device.
In this embodiment, the protective mesh 300 may be carried by the whole movement of the tunnel construction trolley 100, or a plurality of explosion-proof meshes may be carried simultaneously by the whole movement of the tunnel construction trolley 100, if necessary.
Embodiment 3 referring to fig. 3 and 4, a tunnel construction safety operation method includes installation of a protective cover 400; the protective cover 400 to be installed has telescopic legs 410 and can be independently supported on a tunnel floor by the telescopic legs 410; the protective cover 400 is implemented based on the tunnel construction trolley 100 with a lifting device and is lifted to a height closely attached to a tunnel vault by the lifting device 110; the canopy 400 includes a dome section 401 and two leg sections 402, the leg sections 402 being hinged to the dome section 401, and telescoping legs 410 being secured to the leg sections 402.
The specific steps of the installation include the steps of,
first, installation preparation: placing the manufactured shield 400 on the lifting device 110 through the dome portion 401 of the shield 400;
secondly, placing a protective cover in place: the two hydraulic lifting beams 111 of the lifting device 110 are synchronously lifted, so that the vault part 401 of the protective cover 400 is attached to the arch top of the tunnel;
thirdly, fixing a protective cover: the shield 400 is supported on the tunnel floor by the telescoping legs 410 of the shield 400 in a state where the dome portion 401 of the shield 400 is held against the tunnel dome by the hydraulic lifting beams 111.
Wherein, two sides of the tunnel construction station 100 are also provided with a plurality of side ejector rods 120 synchronously driven by at least two side ejector cylinders, and the side ejector rods 120 extend longitudinally along the trolley; the second step of seating the shield also includes pushing the two leg segments 402 of the shield 400 against the corresponding tunnel sidewalls based on the side ejector pins 120.
In this embodiment, the shield 400 is installed near the tunnel face of the tunnel, thereby forming a safety shield for the tunnel face operation.
During the installation of the protective cover 400, the carrying of the protective cover 400 on the tunnel construction trolley 100 by means of the trolley 112 on the lifting device 110 is also included. Specifically, at the end of the tunnel construction trolley 100 facing the tunnel portal, the protection cover 400 is placed on the track trolley 112 of the lifting device 110, and then the protection cover 400 is carried to the end of the tunnel construction trolley 100 facing the tunnel face through the track trolley 112.
In this embodiment, the shield 400 may be carried by the entire movement of the tunnel boring carriage 100, if necessary.
Embodiment 4, referring to fig. 1 and 2, in combination with fig. 3 and 4, a tunnel construction safety operation method includes installing a protection net 300 or an explosion-proof net and a protection cover 400 in the order of installing the protection net 300 or the explosion-proof net first and then installing the protection cover 400. Wherein the protective mesh 300 is installed according to the method of example 1, the explosion-proof mesh is installed according to the method of example 2, and the protective cover 400 is installed according to the method of example 3.
Embodiment 5, see fig. 5, 6 and 7, a protective cover comprises a vault section 401 and two arch leg sections 402, wherein the arch leg sections 402 are hinged with the vault section 401, and the lower ends of the two arch leg sections 402 are respectively provided with at least two telescopic supporting legs 410 which are adjusted based on screw nuts; the vault section 401 and the side wall section 402 are of a single-section structure, and are suitable for scenes with smaller tunnel sections.
The telescopic supporting leg 410 comprises a sleeve 411, a nut 412 and a screw 413, wherein the sleeve 411 is welded at the lower part of the arch springing section 402, the nut 412 is welded at the lower end of the sleeve 411, and the screw 413 is in threaded connection with the nut 412.
To ensure that the screw 413 can be locked after being screwed to the set position, a lock nut 415 is further screwed to the screw 413.
To improve the stability of the independent support of the protective cover, the lower end of the screw 413 is also hinged with a foot plate 414.
To facilitate screwing of the screw 413, a plurality of wrench flats 413a are formed on the screw 413.
To prevent contaminants such as dust from entering the sleeve 411, the screw 413 is stuck, and the screw 4 is flexibly screwed.
To accommodate larger section tunnel scenarios, one of the dome section 401 and the sidewall section 402 may be of a single-section structure, and the other may be of a combined structure of at least two sections, instead of the solution of a full single-section structure. Of course, to accommodate larger section tunnel scenes, the dome section 401 and the sidewall section 402 may both be a combined structure of at least two sections hinged in sequence.
Example 6 referring to fig. 8, a mesh holder for supporting a protective mesh 300 or an explosion-proof mesh for primary support of a tunnel, comprising a plurality of longitudinally distributed arched beams 201 and connecting rods 202 fixedly connecting the arched beams 201; arched beams 201 and connecting rods 202 combine to form an arched grid-like framework.
Wherein the arched beam 201 is formed by bending.
To reduce weight, arched beams 201 and connecting rods 202 are each made of metal tubing or wood material. When the two are made of metal pipes, each connecting point is directly welded to form a fillet weld; or fixedly connected by riveting or welding in a mode of assisting a lining by angle steel; when the timber is adopted to make, each tie point passes through mortise and tenon structure fixed connection.
Another measure of weight reduction is that the connecting rods 202 have a smaller dimension in the radial direction of the arch than the arched beam 201.
In addition, in order to improve the transportation convenience, the net sheet bracket is symmetrically distributed according to the left and right and is formed by two mutually hinged parts, and each part is in a complete frame-shaped structure.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. The tunnel construction safety operation method is characterized by comprising a protective net sheet or an explosion-proof net; and/or, installation of a protective cover; the installation of the protection net sheet or the explosion-proof net and the protection cover is implemented based on a tunnel construction trolley with a lifting device, and the protection net sheet or the explosion-proof net and the protection cover are lifted to a height close to a tunnel vault by means of the lifting device; in the lifting process of the protective net or the explosion-proof net, the protective net or the explosion-proof net is supported by an arched grid net bracket; the protective cover to be installed is provided with telescopic supporting legs and can be independently supported on the tunnel bottom plate by the telescopic supporting legs.
2. The tunnel construction safety work method according to claim 1, wherein the step of installing the protective mesh or the explosion-proof mesh comprises,
first, paving preparation: under the condition that a net sheet bracket is placed on the lifting device, paving a prefabricated protection net sheet or an explosion-proof net of a vault part on the net sheet bracket, and centering the protection net sheet or the explosion-proof net of the vault part left and right;
secondly, the mesh is in place: synchronous lifting is carried out by utilizing two hydraulic lifting beams of a lifting device, and the vault part of the protection net sheet is attached to the arch roof of the tunnel by virtue of the net sheet bracket; or, the explosion-proof net of the vault part is attached to the vault of the tunnel;
thirdly, fixing the net piece: and in the state that the protective net or the explosion-proof net is supported by the net bracket, the vault part of the protective net or the explosion-proof net is fixed on the tunnel wall by using the net anchor rod.
3. The tunnel construction safety operation method according to claim 2, wherein in the mesh fixing step of the third step, the installation of the protective mesh comprises fixing the top end portion of the protective mesh to the tunnel arch wall by using the mesh space of the mesh bracket, pushing the free portion of the protective mesh to the tunnel side wall by using the side push rod of the tunnel construction trolley, and fixing the free portion to the tunnel side wall by using the anchor rod; the installation of the explosion-proof net comprises the steps of firstly utilizing a grid space of a net sheet bracket to fix a vault part of the explosion-proof net on a tunnel arch wall, then hanging the upper end section of the side wall part of the explosion-proof net on the explosion-proof net of the vault part through a third component, and then fixing the explosion-proof net with the side wall of the tunnel through an anchor rod; or hanging by using anchor rods pre-planted on the side wall of the tunnel, and then fixing the anchor rods with the side wall of the tunnel through all anchor rods of the corresponding part; or hanging the side wall part of the anti-explosion net on the side wall of the tunnel by utilizing an anchor rod pre-planted on the upper part of the side wall of the tunnel, and finally fixing the side wall part of the anti-explosion net with the side wall of the tunnel by utilizing all anchor rods.
4. The tunnel construction safety work method according to claim 1, wherein the step of installing the shield comprises,
first, installation preparation: placing the manufactured protective cover on a lifting device through a vault part of the protective cover;
secondly, placing a protective cover in place: lifting by using two hydraulic lifts Liang Tongbu of a lifting device, so that the vault part of the protective cover is attached to the vault of the tunnel;
thirdly, fixing a protective cover: and supporting the protective cover on the tunnel bottom plate by using telescopic support legs of the protective cover under the state that the vault part of the protective cover is propped against the vault of the tunnel by the hydraulic lifting beam.
5. The tunnel construction safety operation method according to claim 4, wherein in the structure that the shield is composed of one vault section and two vault sections and is hinged in sequence, a plurality of side ejector rods synchronously driven by at least two side ejector cylinders are further arranged on two sides of the tunnel construction table, and the side ejector rods extend longitudinally along the trolley; the protective cover in the second step is positioned, and the two arch leg sections of the protective cover are pushed to cling to the corresponding tunnel side walls based on the side ejector rods.
6. The tunnel construction safety operation method according to claim 1, wherein in the process of installing the protection net or the explosion-proof net and the protection cover, the protection net or the explosion-proof net is laid first and then the protection cover is installed.
7. The method according to claim 1, 4, 5 or 6, wherein the protective cover is installed near the tunnel face of the tunnel to form a safety protection for the tunnel face operation.
8. The tunnel construction safety operation method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, in the protective mesh or the explosion-proof mesh; and/or, in the installation process of the protective cover, carrying out protective net sheets or explosion-proof nets by means of a rail trolley on the lifting device or carrying the protective cover on the tunnel construction trolley.
9. The utility model provides a protection casing, its characterized in that includes a vault section (401) and two arch springing sections (402), and arch springing section (402) are articulated with vault section (401), and two arch springing section (402) lower extreme all is equipped with at least two flexible landing legs (410) based on screw-nut adjusts.
10. The mesh bracket is characterized by comprising a plurality of longitudinally distributed arched beams and connecting rods fixedly connected with the arched beams, wherein the arched beams are used for installing and assisting a protective mesh or an explosion-proof mesh for primary support of a tunnel; the arched beams and the connecting rods combine to form an arched grid-like framework.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310470562.1A CN116517597A (en) | 2023-04-27 | 2023-04-27 | Tunnel construction safety operation method, protective cover and net piece bracket |
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| CN202310470562.1A CN116517597A (en) | 2023-04-27 | 2023-04-27 | Tunnel construction safety operation method, protective cover and net piece bracket |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116927831A (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-10-24 | 湖南省通盛工程有限公司 | Tunnel arch protection integral dismounting equipment and construction method |
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2023
- 2023-04-27 CN CN202310470562.1A patent/CN116517597A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116927831A (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-10-24 | 湖南省通盛工程有限公司 | Tunnel arch protection integral dismounting equipment and construction method |
| CN116927831B (en) * | 2023-09-14 | 2023-12-19 | 湖南省通盛工程有限公司 | Tunnel arch protection integral dismounting equipment and construction method |
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