CN116511934A - Pulse conduction and mechanical cutting combined processing method for metal material - Google Patents
Pulse conduction and mechanical cutting combined processing method for metal material Download PDFInfo
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- CN116511934A CN116511934A CN202310314701.1A CN202310314701A CN116511934A CN 116511934 A CN116511934 A CN 116511934A CN 202310314701 A CN202310314701 A CN 202310314701A CN 116511934 A CN116511934 A CN 116511934A
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- power supply
- pulse power
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- cutting
- pulse
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000997 High-speed steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron nitride Chemical compound N#B PZNSFCLAULLKQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007123 defense Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P25/00—Auxiliary treatment of workpieces, before or during machining operations, to facilitate the action of the tool or the attainment of a desired final condition of the work, e.g. relief of internal stress
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cutting Tools, Boring Holders, And Turrets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method for compounding pulse conduction and mechanical cutting of a metal material, which is characterized in that when a cutter is used for cutting metal, a high-frequency pulse power supply is introduced into a cutting area (a wedge-shaped area), and the temperature of the material around the tip of the wedge-shaped cutting area is rapidly increased due to electromagnetic heating effect, so that the material is softened, the hardness of the material in the cutting area is reduced, and the mechanical cutting is easy. The method comprises the specific steps of installing a pulse power supply on a machine tool, and connecting the pulse power supply with two ends of a workpiece to form a current loop; and then, adjusting the pulse power supply parameters, and cutting the metal workpiece arranged on the machine tool workbench. The composite processing method for the conductive and mechanical cutting of the metal material has high production efficiency, improves the processing precision and quality, is suitable for the cutting processing of any type of cutter, and is an effective method for conventional processing, precise and micro processing of difficult-to-process materials used in common metal materials, aerospace and other industrial products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a processing method for compounding pulse conduction and mechanical cutting of a metal material.
Background
With the development of material science, engineering structural materials with special properties are widely applied to the industrial fields of aerospace, atomic energy, weapons and the like, more and more difficult-to-process metal materials such as stainless steel, titanium alloy, superalloy and the like are appeared, and the traditional mechanical cutting machining efficiency is low, the production cost is high, and the machining quality is low. The requirements of new materials on cutting processability, processing precision and surface quality are well met, new challenges are presented to the existing processing technology, and the conductive heating cutting processing is a composite manufacturing technology which is gradually formed under the background.
At present, the conductive heating assisted cutting technology is electric contact heating cutting, namely, in the cutting process, low voltage and high current are introduced into a loop formed by a cutter and a workpiece, so that the material generates joule heat, a cutting layer area is heated, the temperature is increased, the hardness of the cutting layer area is reduced, the processing efficiency is improved, and the conductive heating assisted cutting technology has the advantages which are not available in the traditional single processing technology, and is one of the development directions of the manufacturing technology in the high-efficiency processing field of the difficult-to-process material.
However, the current conductive heating cutting technology has a great disadvantage that firstly, the technology is not suitable for cutting of non-metallic materials (such as ceramic cutters, diamond cutters, cubic boron nitride cutters and the like), so that the range of using the cutters is limited, and the range of processing materials is also greatly limited; secondly, intermittent cutting cannot be performed, because a strong arc phenomenon can be generated during intermittent cutting, so that the cutter can be burnt to influence the service life and the surface processing quality of the cutter, and the processing safety is reduced; finally, it cannot be used in cutting processes with high cutting speeds, which also greatly affects the efficiency of production. This has caused a great limitation in the use of such conductive heated cutting techniques in which the tool and workpiece form a circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the existing conductive heating cutting technology, and provides a pulse conductive and mechanical cutting composite processing method of a metal material, namely a novel composite cutting processing method is formed by continuously performing pulse discharge heating on a wedge-shaped cutting area of a workpiece by utilizing a high-frequency pulse current and performing traditional mechanical cutting processing at the same time by utilizing an electromagnetic heating effect.
The invention adopts a high-frequency pulse power supply, and a special anode joint is arranged on (one end of) a metal material to enable a workpiece to be connected with the anode of the power supply; the cutting tool is provided with a power cathode electrode (wire) connector, and the cathode electrode is contacted with a chip part formed by machining to form a current loop, namely a current loop of a power supply current from a power anode to a workpiece, from the workpiece to chips, from the chips to the cathode connector and finally back to a power cathode. While the tool is insulated (or an insulated nonmetallic tool is used), i.e., no current is passed through the tool. Because the sharp nose (larger tool rake and relief angle can be used) cuts into the workpiece, the root of the chip and the processed surface form a wedge shape, and the high-frequency pulse current passes through the wedge-shaped tip region (approximate a crack) to cause current to flow around and concentrate current density in the wedge-shaped tip region (shown in figure 1), so that intense joule heat is generated, electric energy is converted into heat energy, and the temperature of the material around the tip of the wedge-shaped cutting region is rapidly increased to a degree sufficient for softening and even melting the material. Thereby greatly reducing the hardness of the material in the cutting area (especially in the shearing deformation area), facilitating the mechanical cutting and improving the cutting efficiency and the processing quality.
The method comprises the specific steps of installing a special machine head for processing the anode by a high-frequency pulse power supply on a machine tool, adjusting proper pulse power supply parameters, conducting cutting processing on a metal workpiece placed on an anode workbench by using the pulse power supply, efficiently and quickly removing machining allowance, ensuring machining quality and prolonging the service life of a cutter.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the aim: a processing method for compounding pulse conduction and mechanical cutting of a metal material comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) installing a pulse power supply device:
the processing method adopts an adjustable pulse power supply, and a power supply device is arranged at a proper position;
(2) Installing a pulse power supply to process an anode joint:
installing a special joint for processing the anode of the pulse power supply on a machine tool, and connecting a power supply anode cable with a special machine head for processing the anode of the pulse power supply;
(3) Installing a power supply cathode:
the cathode connector is arranged on the cutter and connected with a pulse power supply cathode cable in parallel;
(4) And (3) installing a workpiece:
mounting a metal material workpiece on an anode workbench by using a tool;
(5) Machining:
when the pulse power supply discharges and heats, the cutting tool can start to mechanically cut the metal workpiece.
(6) Turning on a pulse power supply device:
setting processing parameters in a pulse power supply device, switching on the pulse power supply to conduct conductive heating on a workpiece, wherein the pulse power supply device is adjustable, inputting 220V and 50Hz power supply, and selecting the output current between 0 and 3000A according to the processing condition.
Furthermore, in the step (2), the connection position of the special machine head for processing the anode of the pulse power supply and the machine tool is subjected to insulation treatment, and is connected with the anode cable of the pulse power supply through a quick-connection plug.
Furthermore, the cutting tool in the step (3) needs to be subjected to insulation treatment, an insulation layer is additionally arranged between the cathode connector and the tool mounting position, and the cathode connector is connected with a pulse power cathode cable through a quick-connection plug.
Further, the machining tool in the step (5) is all tools suitable for cutting metal materials, including high-speed steel tools, cemented carbide tools, diamond tools, etc.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the machining method combining the conducting of the pulse power supply to the metal workpiece and the machining of the metal workpiece can efficiently remove machining allowance, is also suitable for precise and fine cutting of metal materials, and can well meet the cutting machining requirements of difficult-to-machine materials used by national defense and military products. Compared with the traditional conductive heating mechanical cutting machining, the conductive heating mechanical cutting machining method has the advantages that the cutting production efficiency is improved, the machining cost is reduced, and the machining quality is ensured; the processing device has the characteristics of safe, reliable and convenient use, less abrasion of the cutter, wide variety of the cutter, and wide range of processing metal materials.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic hot cutting process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view showing an operation state of the electromagnetic hot cutting process of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a partial schematic view showing the state of electromagnetic hot cutting processing according to the present invention.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. a pulse power supply; 2. a pulse power supply anode joint; 3. a machine tool clamp; 4. a metal workpiece; 5. a chip layer; 6. a cutter; 7. processing a cathode joint by a pulse power supply; 8. and (3) a cable.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 3:
(1) And (3) installing a pulse power supply device:
the processing method adopts an adjustable pulse power supply, and a power supply device is arranged at a proper position;
(2) Installing a pulse power supply to process an anode joint:
the special joint 2 for the pulse power supply processing anode is arranged on a machine tool, and a power supply anode cable 8 is connected with the special joint 2 for the pulse power supply anode;
(3) Installing a power supply cathode:
a cathode connector 7 is arranged on the cutting tool 6 and connected with a pulse power cathode cable 8 in parallel;
(4) And (3) installing a workpiece:
mounting a metal material workpiece 4 on an anode workbench by using a tool;
(5) Machining:
and starting the machine tool, and adopting a cutting tool to carry out mechanical cutting processing on the metal workpiece.
(6) Turning on a pulse power supply device:
the pulse power supply device is adjustable, and when 220V and 50Hz power supply is input, the output current is selected between 0 and 3000A according to the machining condition.
The special joint 2 for the pulse power supply processing anode in the step (2) is in insulation treatment with the connecting position of the machine tool, and is connected with the pulse power supply anode 8 through a quick-connection plug.
The cutting tool 6 in step (3) is to be insulated, and an insulating layer is also added between the cathode connector 7 and the mounting position of the tool 6, and is connected with the pulse power cathode cable 8 through a quick-connection plug.
The machining tool 6 described in step (5) is all tools suitable for cutting the metal material workpiece 4, including high-speed steel tools, cemented carbide tools, diamond tools, and the like.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The pulse conduction and mechanical cutting composite processing method for the metal material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) And (3) installing a pulse power supply device:
the processing method adopts an adjustable pulse power supply, and a power supply device is arranged at a proper position;
(2) Installing a special joint for a pulse power supply processing anode:
installing a special joint for processing the anode of the pulse power supply on a machine tool, and connecting a power supply anode cable with a special machine head for processing the anode of the pulse power supply;
(3) Installing a power supply cathode:
the cathode connector is arranged on the cutter and connected with a pulse power supply cathode cable in parallel;
(4) And (3) installing a workpiece:
mounting a metal material workpiece on an anode workbench by using a tool;
(5) Machining:
when the pulse power supply discharges and heats, the wedge-shaped cutting processing area is continuously heated in a conductive way, joule heat is generated, namely, the metal material in the wedge-shaped cutting processing area is softened by utilizing the electromagnetic heating effect principle, and meanwhile, a cutting tool is adopted to continuously machine and cut the metal material (workpiece).
(6) Starting a pulse power supply:
setting processing parameters in a pulse power supply device, switching on the pulse power supply to enter a discharge heating stage of a workpiece processing wedge-shaped area, enabling the pulse power supply to be adjustable, inputting 220V and 50Hz power supply, and selecting output current between 0 and 3000A according to processing conditions.
2. The method for processing the metal material by combining pulse conduction and mechanical cutting according to claim 1, wherein the special machine head for processing the cathode of the pulse power supply in the step (2) is subjected to insulation treatment at the connection position of the special machine head and a machine tool, and is connected with a pulse power supply anode cable through a quick-connection plug.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the cutting tool in step (3) is insulated, an insulating layer is added between the cathode table and the tool mounting position, and the cathode table is connected with a pulse power cathode cable through a quick-connection plug.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the machining tool in step (6) is all tools suitable for cutting metal materials, including high-speed steel tools, cemented carbide tools, diamond tools, etc.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310314701.1A CN116511934A (en) | 2023-03-28 | 2023-03-28 | Pulse conduction and mechanical cutting combined processing method for metal material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310314701.1A CN116511934A (en) | 2023-03-28 | 2023-03-28 | Pulse conduction and mechanical cutting combined processing method for metal material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116511934A true CN116511934A (en) | 2023-08-01 |
Family
ID=87398399
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310314701.1A Pending CN116511934A (en) | 2023-03-28 | 2023-03-28 | Pulse conduction and mechanical cutting combined processing method for metal material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116511934A (en) |
-
2023
- 2023-03-28 CN CN202310314701.1A patent/CN116511934A/en active Pending
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