CN116506513B - System for adjusting ship data transmission in real time according to ship navigation state - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship data transmission, and particularly relates to a system for adjusting ship data transmission in real time according to a ship navigation state, which comprises a shore end receiving module, a ship data acquisition and processing configuration module and a network communication module connected with the shore end receiving module and the ship data acquisition and processing configuration module; the transmission mode configuration subunit and the dynamic information configuration subunit are mutually matched to automatically select the data type and the data transmission mode to be transmitted according to the ship navigation state, so that the problem that the ship data transmission cannot be automatically adjusted according to the actual ship navigation requirement in the prior art, particularly the data type and the data transmission mode are automatically configured and adjusted to adapt to the ship navigation requirement is solved, and the safe operation of the ship is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ship data transmission, and particularly relates to a system for adjusting ship data transmission in real time according to ship navigation states.
Background
With the vigorous development of the maritime industry in China, the maritime transportation task is increasingly heavy, and the ship density and the ship flow are continuously increased, so that the risk of shipping accidents is obviously increased, and the dynamic tracking and real-time monitoring of the maritime ship are particularly important. The ship company can only accurately master the information of the ship to be sailed, so that correct command and decision can be made for the safety and production of the ship, and the ship information is important basic information for the safety and production management of the ship company. At present, many ships are equipped with a data automatic acquisition and monitoring system, a shipcompany acquires ship data through the ship-mounted automatic acquisition and monitoring system and transmits the acquired data to a shipcompany management department on the shore through a wireless network (a mobile operator 4G or a satellite communication network) so as to realize the real-time monitoring of the ship information by the shipcompany.
In the process of sailing, the automatic ship acquisition and monitoring system acquires all data in the process of sailing in real time, wherein the data comprise data which are not needed by a ship company and redundant data which are not changed for a long time, the prior art tries to process the data acquired by the ship, then the processed data are transmitted to a shore end, for example, the method and the system for transmitting the ship data of the invention patent 202110480209.2 respectively acquire signal data through cabin equipment, bridge navigation equipment and video monitoring equipment and transmit the signal data to a multi-source fusion terminal; the multisource fusion terminal converts and processes the received data, transmits the data to the base shore operation terminal for display through the encryption channel, acquires information through a high-speed satellite broadband and 4G/5G, and transmits valuable communication data on a ship to any computer terminal to be transmitted through the Internet, so that important guarantee effects are provided for guiding the ship to safely navigate and knowing the ship demand in time; the invention lays a solid and powerful foundation for realizing shore-based integration, realizes synchronous display of ship shore data and has high safety, the data processing only refers to converting the data into TCP protocol data, and the invention refers to transmitting valuable communication data on a ship to a shore end, and does not define the acquisition mode of the valuable communication data; in addition, if the network is broken, the acquired data is not designed to be stored offline, so that packet loss can be caused, and the safety operation of the ship is not facilitated.
In the actual operation of the ship, in order to ensure the safe operation of the ship, a ship company needs to monitor one or a plurality of parameters of the ship to be sailed, and meanwhile, the types of the parameters which are required to be monitored for the actual sailing of the ship are different in different sailing states, however, the prior art cannot automatically adjust the types of the transmitted ship data according to the actual sailing requirements of the ship; in addition, a shipcompany has the requirement of selecting different transmission modes according to different navigational speeds, for example, the transmission can be set at a timing of 5 minutes under the condition of stable navigational speed of a ship, the constant-speed transmission can be selected under the condition of unchanged navigational speed of the ship, namely, the transmission modes are automatically configured according to the actual navigational speed of the ship, and the prior art does not see how to automatically adjust the transmission modes according to the actual navigational speed of the ship.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problem that the prior art can not automatically adjust the data transmission of the ship according to the actual sailing requirement of the ship, particularly automatically configures and adjusts the data type and the transmission mode to adapt to the sailing requirement of the ship, and provides a system for adjusting the data transmission of the ship in real time according to the sailing state of the ship, optimizes and processes the acquired data according to the actual sailing requirement of the ship, and transmits the processed data according to the actual sailing requirement of the ship.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the system comprises a shore end receiving module, a ship data acquisition processing configuration module and a network communication module, wherein the shore end receiving module is used for receiving ship real-time navigation data and judging the current navigation state of a ship, the ship data acquisition processing configuration module is used for adjusting the type of ship transmission data and the ship data transmission mode in real time according to the ship real-time navigation data and the current navigation state, and the network communication module is used for network communication and is connected with the shore end receiving module and the ship data acquisition processing configuration module;
the ship data acquisition processing configuration module comprises: the system comprises a serial communication interface unit for connecting each acquisition device of a ship, an industrial personal computer main board for receiving and transmitting ship acquisition data and ship configuration information, a data storage unit for receiving the ship acquisition data and the ship configuration information transmitted by the industrial personal computer main board, a data screening unit for filtering useless data in the ship acquisition data stored by the data storage unit, a data optimizing unit for optimizing the data obtained by the data screening unit and discarding redundant data repeated or erroneous, a data compressing unit for performing lossless compression on the data obtained by the data optimizing unit, and a data transmission unit for transmitting the data obtained by the data compressing unit to a shore end receiving module through a network communication module, wherein the serial communication interface unit is connected in sequence;
the ship data acquisition processing configuration module further comprises an automatic configuration unit which is connected with the industrial personal computer main board and used for automatically generating ship data transmission type configuration information and ship data transmission mode configuration information according to the ship navigation state.
The data acquisition processing configuration module further comprises a power supply unit electrically connected with the industrial personal computer main board, a self-checking and signal indicating unit which is connected with the industrial personal computer main board and used for detecting the working state of each sub-module of the data acquisition processing module and indicating through a signal lamp, and a ship positioning unit which is connected with the industrial personal computer main board and used for acquiring ship position information and transmitting the ship position information to the industrial personal computer main board; the self-checking and signal indicating unit feeds back the monitoring result to the industrial personal computer main board; the industrial personal computer main board comprises a receiving unit, a control unit and a sending unit; the receiving unit is used for receiving the configuration information generated by the automatic configuration unit and the acquired ship data and sending the configuration information and the acquired ship data to the data storage unit through the sending unit; and the control unit controls the data screening unit and the data transmission unit according to the configuration information.
The automatic configuration unit comprises: a transmission mode configuration subunit for automatically generating the configuration information of the ship data transmission mode according to the ship navigation state and a dynamic information configuration subunit for automatically generating the configuration information of the ship data type to be transmitted according to the ship navigation state; the configuration information generated by the dynamic information configuration subunit is sent to the data screening unit through the industrial personal computer main board, and the data screening unit screens according to the configuration information and only retains ship data type data to be transmitted; the configuration information generated by the transmission mode configuration subunit is sent to the data transmission unit through the industrial personal computer main board, and the data transmission unit selects a transmission mode according to the configuration information.
The data storage unit comprises an SPI Flash storage unit and a Nand Flash storage unit, wherein the SPI Flash storage unit is used for storing information related to ship configuration, and the Nand Flash storage unit is used for storing offline data; and the Nand Flash storage unit stores ship data in a first-in first-out mode, and when the stored information quantity exceeds the maximum storage capacity, the earliest stored data is discarded according to the time sequence.
Preferably, the serial communication interface unit is provided with a plurality of RS232/422/485 type serial communication interfaces for connecting different acquisition devices of the ship to acquire corresponding ship data; the power supply unit includes a backup battery that is self-chargeable.
Preferably, the lossless compression adopts a nibble coding and real-time binary arithmetic coding collaborative compression algorithm, the data obtained by the data optimization unit is compressed by utilizing the statistical redundancy of the data, and the compressed data can be completely restored.
The specific implementation process of the nibble code is as follows: all characters in the data are converted into numbers according to a protocol formulated in advance, namely the data are expressed by 0-9, ASCII codes of 0-9 are formed by 8-bit binary system, the same first four bits in each digital sequence are directly removed, and only the last four bits are reserved.
Preferably, the data collected by the ship data collection and processing configuration module correspondingly sets different tag values according to different types, and the dynamic information configuration subunit realizes the selection of the type of the transmission data by automatically configuring the tag values.
Preferably, the transmission mode comprises timing transmission, fixed distance transmission, constant speed transmission and real-time transmission; different transmission modes are represented by different character strings.
The network communication module is used for network communication of ships and ship companies and comprises a satellite communication unit and a 4G communication unit, the two units can be automatically switched, satellites of the satellite communication unit adopt geosynchronous orbit satellites, the 4G communication unit is preferentially selected for communication in an area covered by the 4G network, and the satellite communication unit is selected for communication in an area without the 4G network.
The invention provides a system for adjusting ship data transmission in real time according to a ship navigation state, wherein an automatic configuration unit can automatically generate ship data transmission type configuration information and ship data transmission mode configuration information according to the ship navigation state, a data transmission unit selects a transmission mode according to the data transmission type configuration information, a data screening unit performs data screening according to the ship data transmission mode configuration information, only ship data type data needing to be transmitted are reserved, and the problem that the ship data transmission cannot be automatically adjusted according to the actual ship navigation demand in the prior art, particularly the data type and the transmission mode are automatically configured and adjusted so as to adapt to the ship navigation demand is solved. The data screening unit screens the data according to the actual sailing state of the ship, the data quantity which needs to be transmitted actually can be reduced, the data optimization unit further optimizes and removes redundant data and further reduces the data quantity, the data compression unit carries out lossless compression on the data, the lossless compression adopts a nibble coding and real-time binary arithmetic coding collaborative compression algorithm with good compression effect in a vehicle-mounted positioning system to further compress the optimized data, the compression rate is found to be about 80% through actual measurement, and the data quantity of the data which needs to be transmitted is greatly reduced under the condition that the data can be completely restored, so that the communication cost is reduced; the network communication module can autonomously select 4G and satellite networks for communication, and satellites adopt geosynchronous orbit satellites, so that each corner on the earth can be covered, and the real-time performance of data transmission of the ship in ocean navigation is ensured.
The Nand Flash storage unit is used for storing offline data, backing up the acquired ship data, and if the network is disconnected, the data in the communication interruption period can be supplemented and transmitted by acquiring the offline data of the Nand Flash storage unit after communication is recovered, so that network interruption and packet loss in the transmission process are avoided, and the safe operation of the ship is improved. And the Nand Flash storage unit stores the ship dynamic information in a first-in first-out mode, and when the stored information quantity exceeds the maximum storage capacity, the earliest stored data is discarded according to the time sequence, so that the latest data is ensured to be stored in the offline data, and the offline data is prevented from being lost.
And the serial communication interface unit is provided with a plurality of RS232/422/485 serial communication interfaces which are used for connecting different acquisition devices of the ship so as to acquire various data acquired by the ship and improve the richness of the ship data. The power supply unit comprises a standby battery, the standby battery can be started when the power supply unit is abnormal, normal operation of the ship terminal module is guaranteed, the standby battery can be charged by itself, the battery does not need to be replaced manually, and the operation is convenient.
The network communication module can automatically switch the route, preferably selects the 4G network in the area covered by the 4G network, and selects satellite communication in the area without the coverage of the 4G network, thereby saving the communication cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a system according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a ship data acquisition and processing configuration module of the system of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an automatic configuration unit of the system of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the system for adjusting the ship data transmission in real time according to the ship navigation state is shown in fig. 1, and comprises a shore end receiving module for receiving the ship real-time navigation data and judging the current navigation state of the ship, a ship data acquisition and processing configuration module for adjusting the ship transmission data type and the ship data transmission mode in real time according to the ship real-time navigation data and the current navigation state, and a network communication module for connecting the shore end receiving module and the ship data acquisition and processing configuration module and being used for network communication.
As shown in fig. 2, the ship data acquisition processing configuration module comprises a serial communication interface unit for connecting each acquisition device of the ship, an industrial personal computer main board for receiving and transmitting ship acquisition data and ship configuration information, a data storage unit for receiving the ship acquisition data and the ship configuration information transmitted by the industrial personal computer main board, a data screening unit for filtering useless data in the ship acquisition data stored by the data storage unit, a data optimizing unit for optimizing and discarding redundant data obtained by the data screening unit, a data compression unit for compressing the data obtained by the data optimizing unit, a data transmission unit for transmitting the data obtained by the data compression unit to a shore end receiving module through a network communication module, and a ship positioning unit which is electrically connected with the industrial personal computer main board and used for detecting the working state of each sub-module of the ship data acquisition processing configuration module and indicating through a signal lamp; the self-checking and signal indicating unit feeds back the monitoring result to the industrial personal computer main board; the data storage unit comprises an SPI Flash storage unit and a Nand Flash storage unit, wherein the SPI Flash storage unit is used for storing information related to configuration, the Nand Flash storage unit is used for storing offline data, the Nand Flash storage unit is used for storing ship dynamic information in a first-in first-out mode, and when the stored information quantity exceeds the maximum storage capacity, the earliest stored data is discarded according to time sequence; the redundant data comprise repeated data and error data, such as data repeated data of navigational speed or navigational course data which are not changed for a long time; for example, GPS data with obviously incorrect digits is error data; the data compression unit compresses the data obtained by the data optimization unit by adopting a lossless compression mode, the lossless compression adopts a nibble coding and real-time binary arithmetic coding collaborative compression algorithm, and the compressed data can be completely restored by utilizing the statistical redundancy of the data; the specific implementation process of the nibble code is as follows: firstly, all characters in data are converted into numbers according to a protocol formulated in advance, namely, the data are expressed by 0-9, ASCII codes of 0-9 are formed by 8-bit binary system, the same first four bits in each digital sequence are directly removed, and only the last four bits are reserved; the industrial personal computer main board comprises a receiving unit, a control unit and a sending unit; the receiving unit is used for receiving the configuration information generated by the automatic configuration unit and the acquired ship data and sending the configuration information and the acquired ship data to the data storage unit through the sending unit; the control unit controls the data screening unit and the data transmission unit according to the configuration information; the serial communication interface unit is provided with a plurality of RS232/422/485 type serial communication interfaces which are used for connecting different acquisition devices of the ship to acquire corresponding ship data; the power supply unit includes a backup battery that is self-chargeable.
As shown in fig. 3, the ship data acquisition processing configuration module further includes an automatic configuration unit connected with the industrial personal computer main board for automatically generating ship data transmission type configuration information and ship data transmission mode configuration information according to the ship navigation state; the automatic configuration unit includes: a transmission mode configuration subunit for automatically generating the configuration information of the ship data transmission mode according to the ship navigation state and a dynamic information configuration subunit for automatically generating the configuration information of the ship data type to be transmitted according to the ship navigation state; the dynamic information configuration subunit is used for selecting the type of the transmission data by automatically configuring the tag value; in some embodiments of the present invention, when the ship is sailing slowly, the speed and heading are not changed, and the current longitude and latitude information of the ship can be only transmitted when the speed or heading is changed within a certain preset value range, if the tag value of the longitude and latitude is 1, the tag value is set to be 1 in the configuration information generated by the dynamic information configuration subunit, and at this time, according to the tag value, the data screening unit only keeps the data type with tag of 1 and removes other types of data; in other embodiments of the present invention, the change range of the heading and the speed of the ship exceeds each preset value, at this time, the heading and the speed information need to be transmitted, the tag values of the heading and the speed are assumed to be 2 and 3 respectively, the tag values are set to be 2 and 3 in the configuration information generated by the dynamic information configuration subunit, at this time, according to the tag values, the data screening unit only keeps the data type with tag of 1, and removes other types of data.
The configuration information generated by the transmission mode configuration subunit is sent to the data transmission unit through the industrial personal computer main board, and the data transmission unit selects a transmission mode according to the configuration information; the transmission modes comprise timing transmission, fixed distance transmission, constant speed transmission and real-time transmission, and different transmission modes are represented by different character strings; the transmission mode configuration subunit generates configuration information of a transmission mode according to a program instruction input in advance by a shipside, and the mode of transmitting data by a shipside performs autonomous selection according to different strategies, and in some embodiments of the invention, the transmission is timed: transmitting data according to a preset time interval, wherein the range is 2-65535s; and (3) distance transmission: transmitting data according to a preset voyage mileage interval, wherein the range is 2-65535m; and (3) transmission along with speed: according to different preset navigational speed ranges, different time intervals are set for transmitting data; and (3) real-time transmission: transmitting current dynamic information of the ship in real time according to a preset navigational speed and navigational course variation range; for example: after the ship leaves the port, the course is characterized in that after one direction is fixed and sails for a long time, the ship turns to another angle, and under the state that the course and the speed are unchanged, a ship company generally presets fixed distance or time transmission data, and the ship reports the ship data once every 30 minutes of sailing or 5000m of sailing; in the area with larger course and speed change frequency, speed-dependent transmission can be set, and ship data transmission is carried out every time the speed change range exceeds a certain preset value; in a state of severe weather, the speed, heading and speed change frequency of the stern shaft are very high, the sailing state of the ship changes in real time, and a ship company can preset the speed, heading and speed change frequency of the stern shaft to exceed each fixed value for real-time transmission according to the speed, heading and speed change frequency of the stern shaft to ensure safe operation of the ship.
The network communication module is used for network communication of ships and shipcompanies and comprises a satellite communication unit and a 4G communication unit, wherein the two units can be automatically switched, and satellites of the satellite communication unit adopt geosynchronous orbit satellites; the area covered by the 4G network preferentially selects 4G communication units to communicate, and the area not covered by the 4G network selects satellite communication units to communicate.
It should be noted that the above-described embodiments will enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the invention, but do not limit it in any way. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the drawings and examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be modified or equivalent, and in all cases, all technical solutions and modifications which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The system for adjusting the ship data transmission in real time according to the ship navigation state is characterized by comprising a shore end receiving module for receiving the ship real-time navigation data and judging the current navigation state of the ship, a ship data acquisition and processing configuration module for adjusting the ship transmission data type and the ship data transmission mode in real time according to the ship real-time navigation data and the current navigation state, and a network communication module for connecting the shore end receiving module and the ship data acquisition and processing configuration module and being used for network communication;
the ship data acquisition processing configuration module comprises: the system comprises a serial communication interface unit for connecting each acquisition device of a ship, an industrial personal computer main board for receiving and transmitting ship acquisition data and ship configuration information, a data storage unit for receiving the ship acquisition data and the ship configuration information transmitted by the industrial personal computer main board, a data screening unit for filtering useless data in the ship acquisition data stored by the data storage unit, a data optimizing unit for optimizing the data obtained by the data screening unit and discarding redundant data repeated or erroneous, a data compressing unit for performing lossless compression on the data obtained by the data optimizing unit, and a data transmission unit for transmitting the data obtained by the data compressing unit to a shore end receiving module through a network communication module, wherein the serial communication interface unit is connected in sequence;
the ship data acquisition processing configuration module further comprises an automatic configuration unit which is connected with the industrial personal computer main board and used for automatically generating ship data transmission type configuration information and ship data transmission mode configuration information according to the ship navigation state;
the automatic configuration unit comprises: a transmission mode configuration subunit for automatically generating the configuration information of the ship data transmission mode according to the ship navigation state and a dynamic information configuration subunit for automatically generating the configuration information of the ship data type to be transmitted according to the ship navigation state; the configuration information generated by the dynamic information configuration subunit is sent to the data screening unit through the industrial personal computer main board, and the data screening unit screens according to the configuration information and only retains ship data type data to be transmitted; the configuration information generated by the transmission mode configuration subunit is sent to the data transmission unit through the industrial personal computer main board, and the data transmission unit selects a transmission mode according to the configuration information; the transmission mode comprises timing transmission, fixed distance transmission, constant speed transmission and real-time transmission.
2. The system for adjusting the data transmission of the ship according to the ship navigation state in real time according to claim 1, wherein the ship data acquisition processing configuration module further comprises a power supply unit electrically connected with the industrial personal computer main board, a self-checking and signal indicating unit which is mutually connected with the industrial personal computer main board and is used for detecting the working state of each sub-module of the data acquisition processing module and indicating through a signal lamp, and a ship positioning unit which is connected with the industrial personal computer main board and is used for acquiring ship position information and transmitting the ship position information to the industrial personal computer main board; the self-checking and signal indicating unit feeds back the monitoring result to the industrial personal computer main board; the industrial personal computer main board comprises a receiving unit, a control unit and a sending unit; the receiving unit is used for receiving the configuration information generated by the automatic configuration unit and the acquired ship data and sending the configuration information and the acquired ship data to the data storage unit through the sending unit; and the control unit controls the data screening unit and the data transmission unit according to the configuration information.
3. The system for adjusting ship data transmission in real time according to the ship navigation state according to claim 1, wherein the data storage unit comprises an SPI Flash storage unit and a Nand Flash storage unit, the SPI Flash storage unit is used for storing information related to ship configuration, and the Nand Flash storage unit is used for storing offline data; and the Nand Flash storage unit stores ship data in a first-in first-out mode, and when the stored information quantity exceeds the maximum storage capacity, the earliest stored data is discarded according to the time sequence.
4. The system for adjusting the transmission of ship data according to the ship navigation state in real time according to claim 2, wherein the serial communication interface unit is provided with a plurality of serial communication interfaces of RS232/422/485 type for connecting different acquisition devices of the ship to acquire corresponding ship data; the power supply unit includes a backup battery that is self-chargeable.
5. The system for real-time adjustment of ship data transmission according to ship navigation status of any one of claims 1-4, wherein the lossless compression adopts a nibble coding and real-time binary arithmetic coding collaborative compression algorithm, data obtained by the data optimization unit is compressed by using statistical redundancy of the data, and the compressed data can be completely restored.
6. The system for adjusting data transmission of a ship according to a navigation state of the ship according to claim 5, wherein the nibble encoding is specifically implemented as follows: all characters in the data are converted into numbers according to a protocol formulated in advance, namely the data are expressed by 0-9, ASCII codes of 0-9 are formed by 8-bit binary system, the same first four bits in each digital sequence are directly removed, and only the last four bits are reserved.
7. The system for adjusting the data transmission of the ship according to the ship navigation state in real time according to claim 6, wherein the data collected by the ship data collection and processing configuration module is correspondingly provided with different tag values according to different types, and the dynamic information configuration subunit realizes the selection of the type of the transmission data by automatically configuring the tag values.
8. The system for adjusting transmission of ship data in real time according to the navigation state of a ship according to claim 7, wherein different transmission modes are represented by different character strings.
9. The system for real-time adjustment of data transmission of a ship according to a navigation state of the ship according to claim 8, wherein the network communication module is used for network communication of the ship and a ship company, and comprises a satellite communication unit and a 4G communication unit, the two units can be switched automatically, the satellite of the satellite communication unit adopts geosynchronous orbit satellite, the 4G communication unit is preferentially selected for communication in the area covered by the 4G network, and the satellite communication unit is selected for communication in the area without the 4G network.
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