CN116504936A - Carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite negative electrode material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite negative electrode material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116504936A CN116504936A CN202310326541.2A CN202310326541A CN116504936A CN 116504936 A CN116504936 A CN 116504936A CN 202310326541 A CN202310326541 A CN 202310326541A CN 116504936 A CN116504936 A CN 116504936A
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 151
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 90
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007833 carbon precursor Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002296 pyrolytic carbon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011889 copper foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011267 electrode slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical group C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006184 cellulose methylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 lithium hexafluorophosphate Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/20—Graphite
- C01B32/21—After-treatment
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material and a preparation method thereof. The carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material is of a core-shell structure with a carbon layer coated with lithium-rich graphite, wherein the lithium-rich graphite is porous graphite subjected to metal-assisted chemical etching treatment. The preparation method of the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing lithium-rich graphite by adopting a metal-assisted LiOH alkaline etching method; secondly, adding the lithium-rich graphite into a tetrahydrofuran solution dissolved with a carbon precursor, stirring and evaporating to dryness; and sintering the lithium-rich graphite coated with the carbon precursor in a tube furnace in inert atmosphere to obtain the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material with the core-shell structure. The carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite negative electrode material prepared by the method improves the first coulombic efficiency and the cycle performance of the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite negative electrode material; the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple process and low cost, and is easy to realize industrial production.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to a carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The information disclosed in the background of the invention is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and is not necessarily to be taken as an admission or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person of ordinary skill in the art.
With the continuous increase of the energy density requirement of the power battery, the traditional graphite cathode has limited theoretical energy density and is gradually not satisfied with the requirement, so that modification treatment on the traditional graphite material is needed. In the research on graphite modification, the technology of etching and pore-forming on graphite can increase the specific capacity of graphite materials, and more attention and research are being paid.
The lithium-rich graphite material in the prior art can play a role in prelithiation by introducing lithium element in etching. However, since a large number of defects are generated on the surface of graphite during the alkaline etching process, the defects increase the specific surface area of graphite, so that more SEI is generated in the battery during the cycling process, and the initial coulombic efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite negative electrode material with high initial coulombic efficiency (> 95%) and high cycle performance, and a preparation method thereof. In the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite negative electrode material, the surface of the lithium-rich graphite is coated with a uniform carbon layer, so that defects on the surface of the graphite are reduced, the first coulomb efficiency of the battery can be improved, and meanwhile, the cycle performance of the battery is improved.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme.
In a first aspect of the invention, a carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material is provided, wherein the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material has a core-shell structure with a carbon layer coated with lithium-rich graphite, and the lithium-rich graphite is porous graphite subjected to metal-assisted chemical etching treatment and is rich in lithium elements.
Preferably, the precursor of carbon is pitch and the thickness of the carbon layer is 5-20 nm.
Preferably, the molar ratio of the lithium element in the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material is as follows: 1 to 50 percent.
Preferably, the pore diameter of the lithium-rich graphite is 0.01-2 mu m, and the pore depth is 0.05-5 mu m.
According to a second aspect of the invention, a preparation method of the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material is provided, and comprises the following steps:
step one: etching holes on the graphite by adopting metal-assisted chemical etching to obtain lithium-rich graphite;
step two: dispersing lithium-rich graphite in tetrahydrofuran solution for dissolving asphalt, mechanically stirring, and evaporating the solvent to obtain lithium-rich graphite/asphalt material;
step three: and (3) sintering the lithium-rich graphite/asphalt material obtained in the step (II) to obtain the pyrolytic carbon coated lithium-rich graphite material.
Preferably, in the first step, the metal-assisted chemical etching method is Ni-assisted LiOH alkaline etching, and the specific steps are as follows: the nickel salt solution and graphite powder (molar ratio C: ni=40:1) were subjected to calcination treatment at 600 ℃ under an inert atmosphere, and the obtained powder was mixed with LiOH (molar ratio C: li=1:1) and then subjected to calcination treatment again at 800 ℃ under an inert atmosphere.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the lithium-rich graphite to the asphalt is 1.5:1-2.5:1.
Preferably, in the second step, the stirring time is 1-1.5 h, and the temperature of the evaporating solvent is 90-100 ℃.
Preferably, in the third step, the specific process of sintering is as follows: in a tube furnace in inert atmosphere, heating to 100-300 ℃ at a first heating rate of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1-2 h, heating to 900-3000 ℃ at a second heating rate of 8 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1-2 h.
In a third aspect of the invention, the application of the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material in a secondary battery is provided.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, the carbon coating improves the loss of the first coulomb efficiency of the lithium-rich graphite caused by surface defects, and further improves the first coulomb efficiency of the lithium-rich graphite anode material.
The carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite negative electrode material prepared by the invention has the advantages that lithium elements remain between layers or on the surface of the lithium-rich graphite, and the lithium-rich graphite is uniformly coated by the carbon layer.
The preparation method provided by the invention improves the first coulombic efficiency and the cycle performance of the lithium-rich graphite anode material.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention.
Fig. 1 is a morphology structure diagram of a carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph showing the first charge and discharge capacity of the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material of example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows the lithium enrichment in the comparative example of the present invention first charge-discharge capacity pattern of graphite material.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the invention. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.
Example 1:
a preparation method of a carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material comprises the following steps: at room temperature, 0.3g of asphalt is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran solution, 0.7g of lithium-rich graphite is added, stirring is carried out for 1h, heating is carried out to 100 ℃, tetrahydrofuran solution is evaporated to dryness, the obtained composite material is placed in a tubular furnace filled with argon, the temperature is increased to 300 ℃ at a first heating rate of 8 ℃/min, the heat is preserved for 2h, then the temperature is increased to 1000 ℃ at a second heating rate of 8 ℃/min, and the heat is preserved for 2h, thus obtaining the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material.
Comparative example:
the comparative example is untreated lithium-rich graphite, and the preparation method thereof refers to a preparation method of lithium-rich graphite disclosed in patent (application number: CN 202210932639.8).
Fig. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material according to example 1 of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the surface of the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material is uniformly coated by a carbon layer, so that obvious defects are avoided, and the first coulomb efficiency is improved.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the charge and discharge curves of a half cell of the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material of example 1 of the present invention, wherein the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite shows a higher initial coulombic efficiency at 0.1 and 0.1A g -1 The first coulombic efficiency reached 96% at the current density of (c).
Fig. 3 is a graph of the charge and discharge curves of half cells of untreated lithium-rich graphite of the comparative example, with a first coulombic efficiency of 90%.
Example 2:
a preparation method of a carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material comprises the following steps: at room temperature, 0.4g of asphalt is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran solution, 0.6g of lithium-rich graphite is added, stirring is carried out for 1h, heating is carried out to 100 ℃, tetrahydrofuran solution is evaporated to dryness, the obtained composite material is placed in a tubular furnace filled with argon, the temperature is increased to 300 ℃ at a first heating rate of 8 ℃/min, the heat is preserved for 2h, then the temperature is increased to 1000 ℃ at a second heating rate of 8 ℃/min, and the heat is preserved for 2h, thus obtaining the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material.
Example 3:
a preparation method of a carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material comprises the following steps: at room temperature, 0.5g of asphalt is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran solution, 0.5g of lithium-rich graphite is added, stirring is carried out for 1h, heating is carried out to 100 ℃, tetrahydrofuran solution is evaporated to dryness, the obtained composite material is placed in a tubular furnace filled with argon, the temperature is increased to 300 ℃ at a first heating rate of 8 ℃/min, the heat is preserved for 2h, then the temperature is increased to 1000 ℃ at a second heating rate of 8 ℃/min, and the heat is preserved for 2h, thus obtaining the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material.
Example 4:
a preparation method of a carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material comprises the following steps: at room temperature, 0.3g of asphalt is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran solution, 0.7g of lithium-rich graphite is added, stirring is carried out for 0.5h, the temperature is raised to 80 ℃, tetrahydrofuran solution is evaporated to dryness, the obtained composite material is placed in a tubular furnace filled with argon, the temperature is raised to 300 ℃ at a first heating rate of 8 ℃/min, the temperature is kept for 2h, then the temperature is raised to 1000 ℃ at a second heating rate of 8 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 2h, so that the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material is obtained.
Example 5:
a preparation method of a carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material comprises the following steps: at room temperature, 0.3g of asphalt is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran solution, 0.7g of lithium-rich graphite is added, stirring is carried out for 1h, heating is carried out to 100 ℃, tetrahydrofuran solution is evaporated to dryness, the obtained composite material is placed in a tubular furnace filled with argon, the temperature is increased to 300 ℃ at a first heating rate of 10 ℃/min, the heat is preserved for 1h, then the temperature is increased to 1000 ℃ at a second heating rate of 10 ℃/min, and the heat is preserved for 1h, thus obtaining the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material.
Example 6:
a preparation method of a carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material comprises the following steps: at room temperature, 0.3g of asphalt is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran solution, 0.7g of lithium-rich graphite is added, stirring is carried out for 1h, heating is carried out to 100 ℃, tetrahydrofuran solution is evaporated to dryness, the obtained composite material is placed in a tubular furnace filled with argon, the temperature is increased to 300 ℃ at a first heating rate of 8 ℃/min, the heat is preserved for 2h, then the temperature is increased to 900 ℃ at a second heating rate of 8 ℃/min, and the heat is preserved for 2h, thus obtaining the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material.
Example 7:
a preparation method of a carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material comprises the following steps: at room temperature, 0.3g of asphalt is dissolved in tetrahydrofuran solution, 0.7g of lithium-rich graphite is added, stirring is carried out for 1h, heating is carried out to 100 ℃, tetrahydrofuran solution is evaporated to dryness, the obtained composite material is placed in a tubular furnace filled with argon, the temperature is increased to 300 ℃ at a first heating rate of 8 ℃/min, the heat is preserved for 2h, then the temperature is increased to 3000 ℃ at a second heating rate of 8 ℃/min, and the heat is preserved for 2h, thus obtaining the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material.
Preparation and test of the electrode: the silicon-carbon negative electrode material prepared in the invention, conductive carbon (acetylene black) and a binder (CMC and SBR are mixed according to a mass ratio of 3:2), electrode slurry is prepared by stirring and mixing according to a weight ratio of 8.5:0.5:1, CMC is carboxymethyl cellulose, SBR is styrene-butadiene latex, and the electrode slurry is uniformly scraped on copper foil by using a scraper with a height of 250 mu m, and then the copper foil is pressed into tablets and cut to prepare the negative electrode plate.
Performance testing was performed in button lithium ion batteries. The battery is assembled as follows: the lithium sheet is used as a counter electrode, celgard2300 is used as a diaphragm, an EC-DEC (1:1) solution containing 1M LiPF6 is used as an electrolyte, liPF6 is lithium hexafluorophosphate, EC is ethylene carbonate, and DEC is diethyl carbonate. When in testing, the temperature is room temperature, constant current charge and discharge is adopted, the current density is 100mA/g, the voltage control range is 0.05-2V, and the test results of partial battery performance of the examples and the comparative examples are shown in the following table:
table 1 first coulombic efficiency comparison table
Case (B) | First coulombic efficiency/% |
Example 1 | 96 |
Example 2 | 92 |
Example 3 | 94 |
Example 4 | 92 |
Example 5 | 93 |
Example 6 | 95 |
Example 7 | 96 |
Comparative example | 90 |
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite negative electrode material is characterized in that the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite negative electrode material is of a core-shell structure of carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite, wherein the lithium-rich graphite is porous graphite subjected to metal-assisted chemical etching treatment, and is rich in lithium elements, the thickness of the carbon layer is 5-20 nm, and the molar ratio of the lithium elements in the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite negative electrode material is as follows: 1 to 50 percent.
2. The carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite negative electrode material of claim 1, wherein the carbon precursor is pitch.
3. The carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material of claim 1, wherein the pore size of the lithium-rich graphite is 0.01-2 μm and the pore depth is 0.05-5 μm.
4. The preparation method of the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one: carrying out hole etching on the graphite by adopting a metal-assisted chemical etching method to obtain lithium-rich graphite;
step two: dispersing lithium-rich graphite in tetrahydrofuran solution for dissolving asphalt, mechanically stirring, and evaporating the solvent to obtain lithium-rich graphite/asphalt material;
step three: and (3) sintering the lithium-rich graphite/asphalt material obtained in the step (II) to obtain the pyrolytic carbon coated lithium-rich graphite material.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein in the first step, the metal-assisted chemical etching is Ni-assisted LiOH alkaline etching.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the metal-assisted chemical etching method comprises the following specific steps: calcining nickel salt solution and graphite powder at 600 ℃ in inert atmosphere, mixing the obtained powder with LiOH, and then calcining at 800 ℃ in inert atmosphere again; wherein, the dosage of the salt solution of nickel and graphite powder is mole ratio C: ni=40:1; the dosage ratio of the obtained powder to LiOH is that the molar ratio C: li=1:1.
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the lithium-rich graphite to the asphalt is 1.5:1-2.5:1.
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the second step, the stirring time is 1 to 1.5 hours, and the temperature of the evaporated solvent is 90 to 100 ℃.
9. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the third step, the specific process of sintering is as follows: in a tube furnace in inert atmosphere, heating to 100-300 ℃ at a first heating rate of 8 ℃/min, preserving heat for 1-2 h, heating to 900-3000 ℃ at a second heating rate of 8 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1-2 h.
10. Use of the carbon-coated lithium-rich graphite anode material according to any one of claims 1-3 in a secondary battery.
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