CN116499885A - Anchor rod drawing performance testing device and method - Google Patents
Anchor rod drawing performance testing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116499885A CN116499885A CN202310770182.XA CN202310770182A CN116499885A CN 116499885 A CN116499885 A CN 116499885A CN 202310770182 A CN202310770182 A CN 202310770182A CN 116499885 A CN116499885 A CN 116499885A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005206 flow analysis Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012356 Product development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007586 pull-out test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for testing the drawing performance of an anchor rod, which relate to the technical field of geotechnical engineering and comprise a data acquisition module, a drawing force application and sensing module and a hydraulic drawing and displacement measurement module, wherein the data acquisition module is used for acquiring the real-time drawing force of the whole drawing process; the drawing force applying and sensing module is electrically connected with the data acquisition module; the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module is connected with the drawing force applying and sensing module and the data acquisition module. The invention can test the whole process of pulling the anchor rod under various complex rock mass working conditions, evaluate the in-situ pulling resistance of the anchor rod, has the advantages of independent pickup, automatic storage, real-time transmission, high-efficiency test, intelligent analysis, reliable data, multiple working condition applicability and the like of experimental data, effectively avoids human errors in measurement, and can realize in-situ, real-time test and whole-flow analysis of the pulling resistance of the anchor rod.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a device and a method for testing the drawing performance of an anchor rod.
Background
In the geotechnical engineering fields such as slopes, tunnels and mines, in order to maintain stability of a disturbed engineering structure, anchor bolt supporting treatment is required for an engineering surrounding rock mass. The anchor bolt support technology is a common active support technology in the geotechnical engineering field, and is widely applied to field engineering disaster prevention and control and surrounding rock stability control by providing a certain constraint for an engineering surrounding rock body and improving indexes such as the integrity, peak strength, bearing capacity and the like of a surrounding rock structure. In order to ensure that the anchor rod can apply an anchoring force to the surrounding rock body in accordance with the regulations, CECS 22:2005 states that when the anchor rod is applied to the surrounding rock, a pull-out test must be performed.
The traditional anchor rod in-situ drawing testing device is characterized in that a digital display pressure gauge is arranged on the testing device, the tensile force of an anchor rod is reflected through the reading of the pressure gauge, and then the tensile pulling performance of the anchor rod is evaluated. The main disadvantages are:
(1) The traditional anchor rod in-situ drawing test device can only obtain peak drawing force during anchor rod in-situ test, cannot obtain real-time drawing force in the whole drawing process, and cannot obtain real-time deformation and displacement characteristics of the anchor rod in the whole drawing process. Therefore, although the traditional anchor rod drawing test device can evaluate the drawing resistance of the anchor rod to a certain extent, the obtained data is only peak data, the data volume is insufficient, and the scientific evaluation of the anchor rod anchoring effect and the real-time control of the whole drawing resisting process are limited.
(2) The drawing data obtained by the traditional anchor rod in-situ drawing testing device is manually recorded through manual checking, and the device has no functions of automatic data pickup, autonomous storage and real-time output, has multiple procedures, is complex to operate and is greatly influenced by human subjective factors.
(3) When working conditions such as weak rock mass, uneven rock surface and broken rock mass are faced, the operation of the traditional anchor rod in-situ drawing testing device is limited, the tensile property test of the anchor rod can not be carried out, or the obtained data reliability is insufficient, and the working condition applicability and flexibility are poor.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for testing the pulling performance of an anchor rod, which can obtain a real-time curve of the pulling force and displacement in the whole process, can be used for evaluating the in-situ pulling mechanical performance of the anchor rod, and provide a reliable basis for evaluating the reinforcement performance of a rock mass in a geotechnical engineering site and managing the whole stress process of the anchor rod.
Embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides an anchor rod pullout performance testing apparatus, including:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time drawing force in the whole drawing process;
the drawing force applying and sensing module is electrically connected with the data acquisition module;
the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module is connected with the drawing force applying and sensing module and the data acquisition module;
the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module comprises a hollow hydraulic jack connected with the drawing force applying and sensing module and a displacement measuring meter connected with the data acquisition module, wherein the hollow hydraulic jack is arranged on an anchor rod inserted into a rock body, and the displacement measuring meter is arranged on the hollow hydraulic jack and measures the relative displacement distance between the piston and the cylinder body.
In an alternative embodiment, the data acquisition module comprises a mobile power supply, a data acquisition instrument and a computer, wherein the data acquisition instrument is connected with the drawing force application and sensing module and the displacement meter, the mobile power supply is connected with the data acquisition instrument and the computer, the data acquisition instrument is electrically connected with the computer, and the computer can store, analyze and output pressure and displacement data of the whole process of drawing the anchor rod.
In an alternative embodiment, the drawing force applying and sensing module comprises a manual hydraulic pump connected with the hollow hydraulic jack and a pressure sensor connected with the data acquisition module, wherein a pressurizing port and a pressure relief port are arranged on the manual hydraulic pump, the pressurizing port is connected with an oil inlet of the hollow hydraulic jack, the pressure relief port is connected with an oil outlet of the hollow hydraulic jack, and the pressure sensor is arranged on the pressurizing port.
In an alternative embodiment, a pressurizing handle is arranged above the manual hydraulic pump.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module further comprises an anchor rod clamp, and the anchor rod clamp is arranged on the top surface of the hollow hydraulic jack.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module further comprises a backing plate, and the backing plate is arranged on the bottom surface of the hollow hydraulic jack.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module further comprises a fixed clamping plate, wherein one end of the fixed clamping plate is connected to the cylinder body, and the other end of the fixed clamping plate is connected to the displacement meter;
the displacement meter comprises a displacement meter shell and a tensile measuring rod, wherein the displacement meter shell is fixed on the piston, and the tensile measuring rod is fixedly connected with the fixed clamping plate.
In an alternative embodiment, the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module further comprises a connecting fixture that secures the displacement meter to the piston.
In an alternative embodiment, the connection fixing member includes a steel strap, a fastening bolt, a male bolt, and a slide, the steel strap is wound around the piston and is fixed to the piston by the fastening bolt, the slide is provided on the steel strap, and the displacement gauge is provided on the steel strap by the slide and is fixed to the slide by the male bolt.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for testing a pullout performance of an anchor rod, which is based on any one of the foregoing embodiments, and includes the following steps:
s1: checking the oil quantity: opening an unloading valve of the manual hydraulic pump in the anticlockwise direction, so that hydraulic oil in the hollow hydraulic jack returns to a cylinder body of the manual hydraulic pump, and extracting an oil level for inspection, wherein mechanical oil or hydraulic oil is filled until the oil level meets the requirement, if the oil level is insufficient;
s2: and (3) equipment connection: the quick connectors at the two ends of the hose are matched with the clips to connect the hollow hydraulic jack with the manual hydraulic pump, whether dirt exists at the connector is checked, the dirt is tightly prevented from entering the connector, and the pressure sensor and the displacement meter are connected with the data acquisition instrument;
s3: and (3) exhausting: the manual hydraulic pump is arranged at a position slightly higher than the hollow hydraulic jack, the pressurizing handle is pressed to enable the piston of the hollow hydraulic jack to extend out, the unloading valve is opened to enable the piston to retract, and the hydraulic pump is continuously used for several times;
s4: and (3) software installation: installing data acquisition and analysis general software on a computer;
s5: installing an anchor rod: the backing plate is penetrated onto the anchor rod to be tested, then the exposed part of the anchor rod is placed inside the hollow hydraulic jack, the pre-tightening knob on the connecting sleeve is adjusted, so that four nuts can be fully fixed and clamp the anchor rod to be tested, the oiling valve is opened to apply pre-tightening force, the anchor rod clamp is adjusted to clamp the anchor rod to be tested, and the hollow hydraulic jack is concentric with the anchor rod to avoid eccentric tension;
s6: and (3) turning on a power supply and software: turning on a computer power supply and software to check whether the software starts to run successfully, and if so, preparing to start a test;
s7: drawing force test: establishing a new test file, setting a data sampling frequency-system parameter-display/record-acquisition period, clicking to start, checking whether the upper part of a hollow hydraulic jack is in good contact with an anchor rod to be tested and a nut, clicking a data acquisition instrument start button if normal, screwing an unloading valve of a manual hydraulic pump clockwise, loosening a oiling bolt, slowly and uniformly operating the manual hydraulic pump to pressurize, forming counter force by the action of a backing plate and a rock mass to start drawing the anchor rod to be tested, stopping pressurizing when the anchor rod to be tested has obvious displacement, transmitting measured data to the data acquisition instrument through a displacement meter and a pressure sensor, stopping pressurizing after the anchor rod to be tested is pulled out to fail, and automatically storing test data;
s8: dismantling the testing device: slowly releasing the unloading valve in the anticlockwise direction to enable the pointer of the pressure gauge to be lowered to a zero position, fully retracting the piston of the hollow hydraulic jack, and detaching the hollow hydraulic jack;
s9: storing, viewing and processing data: and (5) automatically storing data. The analysis module in the software is opened, the data can be viewed, and the data in the xls format can be selectively exported. And transmitting the data to a computer terminal to complete one-time whole process test. And carrying out correlation processing on the data.
The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the technical scheme provided by the invention, the device and the method for testing the pulling performance of the anchor rod can collect and store pulling force and displacement data in real time, and conduct pulling overall process analysis through the middle section software of the data collecting module, have the advantages of independent picking, automatic storage, real-time transmission, efficient testing, intelligent analysis, reliable data, multiple working condition applicability and the like of experimental data, effectively avoid human errors in measurement, break the limit that the traditional pulling device of the anchor rod can only obtain the maximum pulling force, realize in-situ, real-time testing and overall process analysis of the pulling performance of the anchor rod, adapt to various geotechnical engineering complex working conditions, and have important referential significance for intelligent and scientific development of the anchor rod pulling instrument, and can be used as the intelligent pulling rudiment and product development direction of the anchor rod pulling instrument.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an anchor rod drawing performance testing device provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection fixing member according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon:
100-a data acquisition module; 110-a mobile power supply; 120-data acquisition instrument; 130-a computer; 200-drawing force application and sensing module; 210-manual hydraulic pump; 211-a pressurizing port; 212-a pressure relief port; 213-a pressing handle; 220-a pressure sensor; 300-a hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module; 310-hollow hydraulic jack; 311-cylinder; 312-piston; 320-displacement gauge; 321-a displacement meter housing; 322-stretching a measuring rod; 330-anchor clamps; 340-backing plate; 350-fixing a clamping plate; 360-connecting the fixing piece; 361-steel tie; 362-fastening bolts; 363-male bolt; 364—a slideway; 400-anchor rod.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, directions or positional relationships indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., are directions or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, or are directions or positional relationships conventionally put in use of the inventive product, are merely for convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not indicative or implying that the apparatus or element to be referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Furthermore, the terms "horizontal," "vertical," and the like do not denote a requirement that the component be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but rather may be slightly inclined. As "horizontal" merely means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a device for testing the drawing performance of an anchor rod 400, which comprises a data acquisition module 100, a drawing force application and sensing module 200 and a hydraulic drawing and displacement measurement module 300, wherein the data acquisition module 100 is used for acquiring the real-time drawing force in the whole drawing process; the drawing force applying and sensing module 200 is electrically connected with the data acquisition module 100; the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module 300 is connected with the drawing force applying and sensing module 200 and the data acquisition module 100; the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module 300 includes a hollow hydraulic jack 310 connected to the drawing force applying and sensing module 200 and a displacement meter 320 connected to the data collecting module 100, the hollow hydraulic jack 310 being disposed on an anchor rod 400 inserted into a rock mass, the displacement meter 320 being disposed on the hollow hydraulic jack 310 and measuring a relative displacement distance of the piston 312 and the cylinder 311. In detail, in the pullout performance test of the anchor rod 400, the hollow hydraulic jack 310 is mounted on the anchor rod 400, then pressure is applied to the hollow hydraulic jack 310 through the pullout force applying and sensing module 200, meanwhile, the value of the pressure is fed back to the data acquisition module 100 in the whole course, the piston 312 and the cylinder 311 are relatively displaced after the hollow hydraulic jack 310 receives the pressure, and then the displacement meter 320 feeds back the displacement to the data acquisition module 100 in the whole course.
It can be appreciated that, this embodiment can acquire and save pulling force and displacement data in real time through the technical scheme that the embodiment was proposed, and draw whole process analysis is carried out through data acquisition module 100 middle section software, possess that experimental data independently picks up, automatic save, real-time transmission, high-efficient test, intelligent analysis, the data is reliable, operating mode suitability is many etc. advantages, personal error in the measurement has effectively been avoided, the restriction that traditional anchor rod 400's drawing device only can acquire maximum pulling force has been broken, can realize anchor rod 400 drawing performance's normal position, real-time test and whole flow analysis, and be suitable for multiple geotechnical engineering complex operating condition, testing arrangement has important reference meaning to anchor rod 400 drawing instrument intellectuality, scientifically develop, can regard as the rudiment and the product development direction that anchor rod 400 drawing instrument intellectualized drawing.
Further, the data acquisition module 100 includes a mobile power supply 110, a data acquisition instrument 120 and a computer 130 connected with the drawing force applying and sensing module 200 and the displacement meter 320, the mobile power supply 110 is connected with the data acquisition instrument 120 and the computer 130, the data acquisition instrument 120 is electrically connected with the computer 130, and the computer 130 can store, analyze and output the pressure and displacement data of the whole drawing process of the anchor rod 400. In detail, the computer 130 generates a real-time graph of the whole process drawing force and displacement after analyzing the data of the pressure and displacement, so as to evaluate the in-situ tensile mechanical property of the anchor rod 400.
Further, the drawing force applying and sensing module 200 includes a manual hydraulic pump 210 connected to the hollow hydraulic jack 310 and a pressure sensor 220 connected to the data acquisition module 100, a pressurizing port 211 and a pressure relief port 212 are provided on the manual hydraulic pump 210, the pressurizing port 211 is connected to an oil inlet of the hollow hydraulic jack 310, the pressure relief port 212 is connected to an oil outlet of the hollow hydraulic jack 310, and the pressure sensor 220 is provided on the pressurizing port 211. In detail, the pressurizing opening 211 is connected with the oil inlet through a hose, and the pressurizing opening 211 and the oil inlet are connected through clips on two sides of the hose, so that the condition that the experiment fails due to the fact that sealing is not tight between the hose and the pressurizing opening 211 and the oil inlet is prevented.
Further, a pressurizing handle 213 is provided above the manual hydraulic pump 210. It will be appreciated that the pressurizing handles 213 are used to add hydraulic oil to the hollow hydraulic jack 310.
Specifically, the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module 300 further includes an anchor clamp 330, and the anchor clamp 330 is disposed on the top surface of the hollow hydraulic jack 310. In detail, the anchor rod clamp 330 is further provided with a connecting sleeve, and a pre-tightening knob on the connecting sleeve is adjusted, so that four nuts can be fully fixed to clamp the anchor rod 400 to be tested; the bolt clamp 330 is adjusted to clamp the bolt 400 to be tested, the apparatus is concentric with the bolt 400, and eccentric tension is avoided.
Further, the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module 300 further includes a pad 340, and the pad 340 is disposed on the bottom surface of the hollow hydraulic jack 310. It will be appreciated that the spacer 340 serves to space the hollow hydraulic jack 310 from the rock column or wall, and also to increase the contact area between the hollow hydraulic jack 310 and the rock column or wall, thereby improving the overall stability of the device.
It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the material of the pad 340 may be a metal material, but not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, may be a non-metal material, such as timber, which is equivalent to the present embodiment, and can achieve the effect of the present embodiment, and all the materials are within the protection scope of the present embodiment.
In this embodiment, the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module 300 further includes a fixed clamping plate 350, one end of the fixed clamping plate 350 is connected to the cylinder 311, and the other end is connected to the displacement meter 320;
the displacement meter 320 comprises a displacement meter shell 321 and a stretching measuring rod 322, wherein the displacement meter shell 321 is fixed on the piston 312, and the stretching measuring rod 322 is fixedly connected with the fixed clamping plate 350. In detail, the fixing clip 350 is fixed on the cylinder 311 of the hollow hydraulic jack 310 by welding; when the hollow hydraulic jack 310 operates, the piston 312 and the cylinder 311 are relatively displaced, and the displacement gauge housing 321 connected to the piston 312 and the tensile measuring rod 322 connected to the fixing clip 350 are relatively displaced.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the hydraulic drawing and displacement measurement module 300 further includes a connecting fixture 360, the connecting fixture 360 securing the displacement meter 320 to the piston 312; in detail, the connection fixing member 360 includes a steel band 361, a fastening bolt 362, a male bolt 363, and a slide way 364, the steel band 361 is wound around the piston 312 and fixed to the piston 312 by the fastening bolt 362, the slide way 364 is provided on the steel band 361, and the displacement gauge 320 is provided on the steel band 361 by the slide way 364 and fixed to the slide way 364 by the male bolt 363.
It will be appreciated that the steel strap 361 is a steel strip, the straps for binding the piston 312 are provided at both ends of the strip, the fastening bolts 362 are provided on the straps, when the straps are bound to the piston 312, the straps are fixed by the fastening bolts 362, in addition, the displacement meter housing 321 is provided with a slide rail, the displacement meter housing 321 is connected to the piston 312 by sliding the slide rail into the slide rail 364, after the displacement meter housing 321 is fixed to the slide rail 364 by providing the male bolts 363, specifically, the male bolts 363 are provided with six.
In the present embodiment, the displacement meter housing 321 is fixed to the piston 312 by the connecting and fixing member 360, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the displacement meter housing 321 may be directly fixed to the piston 312 by a bolt or other connecting members, and the same means as those of the present embodiment can achieve the effects of the present embodiment, and the present invention is within the scope of the present embodiment.
In this embodiment, before the test, hydraulic oil is injected into the manual hydraulic pump 210, the front pressurizing port 211 and the pressure relief port are connected with the hollow hydraulic jack 310 through hoses, and the upper pressurizing handle 213 is used for manual pressurization. The pressure sensor 220 is arranged at the connection part of the front end of the pressurizing port 211 and the hose, and a semiconductor piezoresistor type pressure sensor 220 can be adopted, and the pressure sensor 220 is used for collecting pressure values in real time during testing and is connected with the data acquisition instrument 120 to transmit data to the data acquisition instrument 120.
The backing plate 340 is welded with the piston 312, the tensile measuring rod 322 of the displacement meter 320 is fixed on the fixed clamping plate 350 through the fastening bolt 362, the displacement meter shell 321 of the displacement meter 320 penetrates into the connecting fixing piece 360 through the slide way 364 and is fixed firmly by adopting the convex bolt 363, and when the piston 312 and the cylinder 311 generate relative displacement, the displacement meter 320 can automatically acquire displacement data. The anchor rod clamp 330 is welded on the upper part of the hollow hydraulic jack 310, a connecting sleeve is arranged in the anchor rod clamp 330, four nuts are arranged on the connecting sleeve, an adjusting knob is arranged on the outer side of each nut, and the four nuts are fixed together to clamp the anchor rod 400 to be tested.
In the present embodiment, during testing, the portable power source 110 continuously supplies power to the computer 130 and the data acquisition instrument 120, pressurizes the anchor rod 400 to be tested, and for the common anchor rod 400, the pressurization can be stopped by pulling the common anchor rod 400 away from the rock-soil body, about 120kN, and for the energy absorption anchor rod 400, the test time can be prolonged due to the large displacement of the energy absorption anchor rod 400, and the displacement-force relationship can be further studied. The data acquisition instrument 120 automatically stores data transmitted from the displacement meter 320 and the pressure sensor 220, is connected with a computer 130 terminal through a data transmission line, and processes the data through analysis general software of the computer 130 terminal.
The embodiment also provides a method for testing the drawing performance of the anchor rod 400, which comprises the following steps:
s1: checking the oil quantity: the unloading valve of the manual hydraulic pump 210 is opened in the counterclockwise direction, so that the hydraulic oil in the hollow hydraulic jack 310 returns to the cylinder 311 of the manual hydraulic pump 210, and the oil level gauge is checked. If the oil quantity is insufficient, mechanical oil or hydraulic oil should be filled until the oil level meets the requirement.
S2: and (3) equipment connection: the hollow hydraulic jack 310 and the manual hydraulic pump 210 are connected by the quick connector at the two ends of the hose and the clamp, so that whether dirt exists at the connector or not is checked, and the dirt is tightly prevented from entering the connector. The pressure sensor 220 and the displacement meter 320 are connected to the data acquisition instrument 120.
S3: and (3) exhausting: the hydraulic pump 210 is placed at a position slightly higher than the hollow hydraulic jack 310, the pressurizing handle 213 is pressed to extend the piston 312 of the hollow hydraulic jack 310, and then the unloading valve is opened to retract the piston 312, so that the operation is continued several times.
S4: and (3) software installation: data acquisition and analysis software is installed on the computer 130.
S5: installing the anchor rod 400: the backing plate 340 is penetrated onto the anchor rod 400 to be tested, then the exposed part of the anchor rod 400 is placed inside the hollow hydraulic jack 310, the pre-tightening knob on the connecting sleeve is adjusted, so that four nuts can be fully fixed and clamp the anchor rod 400 to be tested, an oiling valve is opened to apply pre-tightening force, the anchor rod clamp 330 is adjusted to clamp the anchor rod 400 to be tested, and the hollow hydraulic jack 310 is concentric with the anchor rod 400 to avoid eccentric tension.
S6: and (3) turning on a power supply and software: the computer 130 is powered on and the software is turned on to see if the software starts to run successfully, and if so, the test is ready to start.
S7: drawing force test: a new test file is established, the data sampling frequency, the system parameters, the display/record and the acquisition period are set, and clicking is started. Checking whether the upper part of the hollow hydraulic jack 310 is well contacted with the anchor rod 400 to be tested and the nut, if normal, clicking a start button of the data acquisition instrument 120, screwing an unloading valve of the manual hydraulic pump 210 clockwise, loosening a refueling bolt, slowly and uniformly operating the manual hydraulic pump 210 to pressurize, forming counter force through the action of the backing plate 340 and the rock mass to start drawing the anchor rod 400 to be tested, and stopping pressurizing when the anchor rod 400 to be tested has obvious displacement. The measured data are transmitted to the data acquisition instrument 120 through the displacement meter 320 and the pressure sensor 220, and when the anchor rod 400 to be tested is pulled out to fail, the pressurization is stopped, and the test data are automatically stored.
S8: dismantling the testing device: the unloading valve is slowly released in the anticlockwise direction, so that the pointer of the pressure gauge is lowered to the zero position, the piston 312 of the hollow hydraulic jack 310 is fully retracted, and the hollow hydraulic jack 310 is dismounted.
S9: storing, viewing and processing data: and (5) automatically storing data. The analysis module in the software is opened, the data can be viewed, and the data in the xls format can be selectively exported. The data is transmitted to the computer 130 terminal to complete the whole process test. And carrying out correlation processing on the data.
The device and the method for testing the drawing performance of the anchor rod 400 provided by the embodiment have the following advantages:
the device and the method for testing the drawing performance of the anchor rod 400 can collect and store the pulling force and displacement data in real time, perform drawing overall process analysis through the middle section software of the data acquisition module 100, have the advantages of independent pickup, automatic storage, real-time transmission, efficient testing, intelligent analysis, reliable data, multiple working condition applicability and the like of experimental data, effectively avoid human errors in measurement, break the limitation that the traditional drawing device of the anchor rod 400 only can obtain the maximum pulling force, realize in-situ, real-time testing and overall process analysis of the drawing performance of the anchor rod 400, adapt to various geotechnical engineering complex working conditions, and have important referential significance for intelligent and scientific development of the drawing instrument of the anchor rod 400, and can be used as the development direction of the intelligent drawing embryonic form and the product of the drawing instrument of the anchor rod 400.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a stock pull-out performance testing arrangement which characterized in that includes:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring real-time drawing force in the whole drawing process;
the drawing force applying and sensing module is electrically connected with the data acquisition module;
the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module is connected with the drawing force applying and sensing module and the data acquisition module;
the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module comprises a hollow hydraulic jack connected with the drawing force applying and sensing module and a displacement measuring meter connected with the data acquisition module, wherein the hollow hydraulic jack is arranged on an anchor rod inserted into a rock body, and the displacement measuring meter is arranged on the hollow hydraulic jack and measures the relative displacement distance between the piston and the cylinder body.
2. The device for testing the drawing performance of the anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition module comprises a mobile power supply, a data acquisition instrument and a computer, wherein the data acquisition instrument is connected with the drawing force application and sensing module and the displacement meter, the mobile power supply is connected with the data acquisition instrument and the computer, the data acquisition instrument is electrically connected with the computer, and the computer can store, analyze and output pressure and displacement data in the whole process of drawing the anchor rod.
3. The device for testing the drawing performance of the anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the drawing force applying and sensing module comprises a manual hydraulic pump connected with the hollow hydraulic jack and a pressure sensor connected with the data acquisition module, a pressurizing port and a pressure relief port are arranged on the manual hydraulic pump, the pressurizing port is connected with an oil inlet of the hollow hydraulic jack, the pressure relief port is connected with an oil outlet of the hollow hydraulic jack, and the pressure sensor is arranged on the pressurizing port.
4. A device for testing the pullout performance of an anchor rod according to claim 3, wherein a pressurizing handle is arranged above the manual hydraulic pump.
5. The device for testing the drawing performance of the anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module further comprises an anchor rod clamp, and the anchor rod clamp is arranged on the top surface of the hollow hydraulic jack.
6. The device for testing the drawing performance of the anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module further comprises a base plate, and the base plate is arranged on the bottom surface of the hollow hydraulic jack.
7. The device for testing the drawing performance of the anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic drawing and displacement measuring module further comprises a fixed clamping plate, one end of the fixed clamping plate is connected to the cylinder body, and the other end of the fixed clamping plate is connected to the displacement meter;
the displacement meter comprises a displacement meter shell and a tensile measuring rod, wherein the displacement meter shell is fixed on the piston, and the tensile measuring rod is fixedly connected with the fixed clamping plate.
8. A device for testing the pullout performance of an anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic pullout and displacement measuring module further comprises a connecting fixing member which fixes the displacement measuring meter on the piston.
9. The device for testing the drawing performance of the anchor rod according to claim 8, wherein the connecting and fixing piece comprises a steel binding band, a fastening bolt, a convex bolt and a slide way, the steel binding band is wound on the piston and is fixed on the piston through the fastening bolt, the slide way is arranged on the steel binding band, and the displacement meter is arranged on the steel binding band through the slide way and is fixed on the slide way through the convex bolt.
10. A method for testing the pullout performance of an anchor rod, based on the device for testing the pullout performance of the anchor rod according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps:
s1: checking the oil quantity: opening an unloading valve of the manual hydraulic pump in the anticlockwise direction, so that hydraulic oil in the hollow hydraulic jack returns to a cylinder body of the manual hydraulic pump, extracting an oil level for inspection, and filling mechanical oil or hydraulic oil until the oil level meets the requirement if the oil level is insufficient;
s2: and (3) equipment connection: connecting the hollow hydraulic jack with the manual hydraulic pump by using quick connectors at two ends of the hose to match with clips, checking whether dirt exists at the connector, and strictly preventing the dirt from entering the connector; connecting the pressure sensor, the displacement meter and the data acquisition instrument;
s3: and (3) exhausting: the manual hydraulic pump is arranged at a position slightly higher than the hollow hydraulic jack, the pressurizing handle is pressed to enable the piston of the hollow hydraulic jack to extend out, the unloading valve is opened to enable the piston to retract, and the hydraulic pump is continuously used for several times;
s4: and (3) software installation: installing data acquisition and analysis general software on a computer;
s5: installing an anchor rod: the backing plate is penetrated onto the anchor rod to be tested, then the exposed part of the anchor rod is placed inside the hollow hydraulic jack, and the pre-tightening knob on the connecting sleeve on the anchor rod clamp is adjusted, so that four nuts can be fully fixed and clamped onto the anchor rod to be tested, and the oiling valve is opened to apply pre-tightening force; the anchor rod clamp clamps an anchor rod to be tested, the hollow hydraulic jack is concentric with the anchor rod, and eccentric tension is avoided;
s6: and (3) turning on a power supply and software: turning on a computer power supply and software to check whether the software starts to run successfully, and if so, preparing to start a test;
s7: drawing force test: establishing a new test file, setting a data sampling frequency-system parameter-display/record-acquisition period, clicking to start, checking whether the upper part of the hollow hydraulic jack is in good contact with an anchor rod to be tested and a nut, clicking a data acquisition instrument start button if normal, screwing an unloading valve of a manual hydraulic pump clockwise, loosening a oiling bolt, slowly and uniformly operating the manual hydraulic pump to pressurize, forming counter force by the action of a backing plate and a rock mass to start drawing the anchor rod to be tested, transmitting measured data to the data acquisition instrument through a displacement meter and a pressure sensor when the anchor rod to be tested has obvious displacement, stopping pressurizing after the anchor rod to be tested is pulled out and fails, and automatically storing test data;
s8: dismantling the testing device: slowly releasing the unloading valve in the anticlockwise direction to enable the pointer of the pressure gauge to be lowered to a zero position, fully retracting the piston of the hollow hydraulic jack, and detaching the hollow hydraulic jack;
s9: storing, viewing and processing data: and automatically storing the data, opening an analysis module in the software, checking the data, selectively exporting xls format data, transmitting the data to a computer terminal, completing one-time whole process test, and carrying out related processing on the data.
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