CN116497646A - Superimposed vibration isolator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a superposition type vibration isolator which comprises an embedded outer sleeve, a locking gasket, a heightening gasket and an elastic element, wherein the elastic element comprises a supporting cylinder, a supporting base, a plurality of superposition rubber springs, a spring connecting assembly and a spring limiting assembly, the plurality of rubber springs are connected through the spring connecting assembly, two ends of the rubber springs are respectively limited and fixed below the supporting cylinder and in the supporting base through the spring limiting assembly, and an integral elastic element is formed. In addition, the elastic element can be assembled in advance, the assembly is simple and convenient, and the elastic element only needs to be installed as a whole element during track construction, so that the construction time is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Description

Superimposed vibration isolator

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration reduction and noise reduction of rails, and particularly relates to a superposition type vibration isolator.

Background

When a train runs on a track, impact energy during running of the train can cause serious vibration and noise to be generated on the track, so that riding experience of passengers on the train is seriously influenced, and life quality of residents around the track is also influenced. Meanwhile, stability, safety and service life of the rail transit are also affected. Therefore, technology and products capable of effectively reducing vibration and noise are needed to improve the stability of the structure and ensure the running safety of the track line.

In the prior art, a part of ballast beds adopt vibration damping pads or a plurality of steel springs, and although a certain vibration damping and noise reduction effect can be achieved, the problems of complex working procedures, long construction time, difficulty in water supply and drainage setting of the fully paved vibration damping pads exist. Therefore, in order to solve the problems, part of the ballast bed begins to adopt a mode of combining a floating slab with a rubber spring vibration isolator, and the rubber spring has the characteristics of corrosion, high toughness strength, good elastic performance, good vibration damping performance effect, fatigue and durability, and the formed track structure is a medium-grade vibration damping mode.

However, the types of the existing rubber spring vibration isolators are single, the external dimensions and the structures of the rubber spring vibration isolators are limited more by considering the installation dimensions, the rigidity requirements of vibration reduction and the characteristics of rubber materials, and the rubber spring vibration isolators cannot be widely changed, so that the application range of the rubber spring vibration isolators is narrow, and cannot be well adapted to various different working conditions. The rigidity specification of the rubber spring in the core can be adjusted by adjusting the formula of the material, however, the method has small adjustable rigidity range and needs multiple preparation tests, so the method is time-consuming and labor-consuming and has high cost. Therefore, how to increase the redundancy of the size and rigidity of the rubber spring vibration isolator so that the rubber spring vibration isolator can be suitable for more working conditions is a problem to be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems, and aims to provide a superimposed vibration isolator which has multiple redundancies and wider size and rigidity adaptability and is suitable for more working conditions, a track bed plate and a linear track bed which adopt the vibration isolator, and the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a superposition type vibration isolator which is arranged in a road bed board and is characterized by comprising the following components: the outer sleeve is communicated along the length direction and fixedly embedded in the road bed board; an elastic element disposed below the outer sleeve; a height-adjusting spacer disposed above the elastic element; and a locking spacer fitted in the outer sleeve and fixed with the height adjusting spacer and the elastic member by a connector, wherein the elastic member includes: a support cylinder; a support base; the at least two rubber springs are arranged in a cladding structure formed by the support cylinder and the support base in a jogged mode and vertically overlapped; and a plurality of spring connecting components are respectively arranged between two adjacent rubber springs and used for connecting a plurality of rubber springs into a whole, the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with n radially-protruding barrel protruding parts, n is more than or equal to 2, the upper ends of the height-adjusting gasket, the locking gasket and the supporting barrel are respectively provided with n protruding parts, and the outer contour shape of the height-adjusting gasket, the locking gasket and the supporting barrel is matched with the inner wall shape of the outer sleeve at the position of the barrel protruding parts.

The stacked vibration isolator provided by the invention can also have the technical characteristics that the spring connection assembly comprises: a spring connector having a pair of engaging grooves provided in opposition, the engaging grooves having a shape matching the ends of the rubber spring; and a plurality of connecting piece fixing pieces which are arranged on the spring connecting piece, the end parts of the connecting piece fixing pieces extend towards the embedded grooves, the opposite end parts of the two rubber springs are respectively embedded in the pair of embedded grooves, and the two rubber springs are buckled by the end parts of the extending connecting piece fixing pieces.

The stacked vibration isolator provided by the invention can also have the technical characteristics that both ends of the rubber spring are in a circular plate shape, the middle part of the rubber spring is radially concave, and the spring connecting piece comprises: a peripheral edge part which is annular; and the tray body is formed in the ring of the peripheral edge part, so that a pair of embedded grooves are formed on two sides of the tray body, a plurality of fixing piece mounting grooves are formed on the peripheral edge part, the fixing piece mounting grooves are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the peripheral edge part, and the connecting piece fixing pieces are embedded and fixed in the fixing piece mounting grooves.

The stacked vibration isolator provided by the invention can also have the technical characteristics that the inner wall of the supporting base is provided with a circle of limiting piece mounting groove, and the elastic element further comprises a spring limiting assembly, which comprises: the top limiting piece is used for clamping and fixing the upper end of the uppermost rubber spring in the supporting cylinder; and the bottom limiting piece is embedded in the limiting piece mounting groove and protrudes outwards, and is used for clamping and fixing the lower end of the lowest rubber spring in the supporting base.

The stacked vibration isolator provided by the invention can also have the technical characteristics that the top limiting part is an arc-shaped metal part, the section of the top limiting part is L-shaped, the number of the top limiting part is at least two, and the bottom limiting part is a clamp spring.

The stacked vibration isolator provided by the invention can be further characterized in that a plurality of bolt holes are formed in the supporting cylinder, the spring limiting assembly further comprises a plurality of limiting pins which are respectively embedded in the bolt holes, and the top limiting piece is pressed towards the upper end of the rubber spring.

The stacked vibration isolator provided by the invention can be further characterized in that a supporting plate is arranged in the middle of the supporting cylinder, a positioning column mounting hole is formed in the middle of the supporting plate, a positioning column mounting groove is formed in the middle of the spring connecting piece, one end of the rubber spring is provided with a positioning column caulking groove, the spring limiting assembly further comprises a plurality of positioning columns used for transversely limiting the rubber spring, one positioning column simultaneously penetrates through the positioning column mounting hole of the supporting plate and the uppermost positioning column caulking groove of the rubber spring, and the rest of positioning columns simultaneously penetrate through the positioning column mounting groove of the spring connecting piece and the other positioning column caulking grooves of the rubber spring.

The stacked vibration isolator provided by the invention can also have the technical characteristics that the thickness of the height-adjusting gasket is 2-10 mm, and the number of the height-adjusting gaskets is one or more.

The actions and effects of the invention

According to the stacked vibration isolator, the plurality of rubber springs are adopted, the plurality of rubber springs are connected through the spring connecting assembly, and the two ends of the plurality of rubber springs are respectively and fixedly limited in the lower part in the supporting cylinder and the supporting base through the spring limiting assembly, so that an integral elastic element is formed. In addition, the elastic element can be assembled in advance, the assembly is simple and convenient, and the elastic element only needs to be installed as a whole element during track construction, so that the construction time is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a linear ballast bed according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a linear ballast bed in the position of a vibration isolator in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;

figure 3 is an exploded view of a stacked vibration isolator according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a locking spacer according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an orthographic view of a locking washer in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a height-adjusting gasket according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is an orthographic view of a lift pad in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is an exploded view of an elastic element according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of an elastic element in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a support cylinder according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view of a support cylinder in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of a support base according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a spring connector according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of a spring connector according to a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 15 is an enlarged view of the inner portion of frame A of FIG. 3;

FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a top stop member according to one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view of a top stop member according to one embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 18 is a flow chart of the installation of the elastic element in an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view of a linear ballast bed in a limit boss position in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 20 is a flowchart of mounting a stacked vibration isolator in accordance with the first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of the adjusting tool in the present embodiment;

fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view of an elastic element in a second embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals:

a linear ballast bed 100; a road bed board 110; a plate body 111; sleeper 112; a superimposed vibration isolator 150; an outer sleeve 151; an in-cylinder boss 1511; lifting up the step 1512; a support step 1513; a fixing pin 1514; flange 1515; a locking washer 152; locking tab boss 1521; a first relief hole 1522; a first mounting groove 1523; heightening the gasket 153; heightening the tab boss 1531; a second relief hole 1532; a second mounting groove 1533; a resilient member 154; a support cylinder 1541; a plate-like top 15411; top relief groove 15411a; top mounting hole 15411b; a first cylindrical portion 15412; an inner support plate 15413; a positioning column mounting groove 15413a; a second cylindrical portion 15414; bolt holes 15414a; a support base 1542; rubber springs 1543; positioning column caulking grooves 15431; a limiter mounting groove 15421; a relief groove 15422; rubber springs 1543; spring connection assembly 1544; spring connector 15441; a peripheral edge 54411; a stator mounting groove 54411a; a mount mounting hole 54411b; a tray 54412; a positioning post mounting hole 54412a; a fitting groove 54413; a connector anchor tab 15442; a fixing member 15443; spring limit assembly 1545; top limit 15451; a bottom limiter 15452; a stopper pin 15453; positioning posts 15454; a substrate 200; and a limit boss 400.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical means, creation characteristics, achievement purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the stacked vibration isolator, the track bed board and the linear track bed of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

Fig. 1 is a schematic plan view of a straight track bed in this embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the linear ballast bed in the position of the vibration isolator in the present embodiment, and fig. 2 is merely an illustration of the position distribution of the vibration isolator in the ballast bed, wherein the vibration isolator is a schematic diagram and does not represent the actual structure thereof.

As shown in fig. 1-2, a linear track bed 100 is comprised of a plurality of track bed boards 110 connected end to end. The track bed 110 is disposed on a base 200 and includes a plate body 111 and a plurality of stacked vibration isolators 150. Wherein, the plate body 111 is a concrete precast slab, the stacked vibration isolators 150 are embedded in the plate body 111 in a two-to-one mode, and the two stacked vibration isolators 150 of one group are respectively positioned close to the two steel rails.

In this embodiment, the dimensions of the track bed board 110 are 4690mm×3000mm×411mm (length×width×thickness), eight pairs of sleepers 112 are uniformly arranged on the track bed board 110 at intervals along the length direction, the distance between two adjacent pairs of sleepers 112 is 595mm, in this embodiment, the sleepers 112 are concrete short sleepers, and the linear rail is mounted on the sleepers 112.

3-5 pairs of superposition type vibration isolators 150 are arranged in one track bed plate 110. Since the track bed 110 may be disposed at road sections of different conditions in the track, the number and distribution of the stacked vibration isolators 150 in the track bed 110 may be set according to the actual conditions of each road section and the corresponding vibration reduction requirements. Taking 3 pairs of equidistant placement as an example, the spacing between two adjacent pairs of stacked vibration isolators 150 is 1785mm.

Fig. 3 is a structural exploded view of the stacked vibration isolator in the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 3, the stacked vibration isolator 150 includes an outer sleeve 151, a locking washer 152, a height adjustment washer 153, and a resilient member 154.

The outer sleeve 151 is made of a metal material, and has a through-type circular cylindrical structure as a whole, and the overall height (i.e., the length of the outer sleeve 151) is identical to the thickness of the plate 111, so that openings at both ends of the outer sleeve are exposed from both sides of the plate 111, respectively. The inner wall of the outer sleeve 151 has two sets of in-cylinder projections 1511, each set comprising three, one set of three being distributed at the same height in the cylinder and evenly distributed along the central axis of the outer sleeve 151. And the two sets of in-cylinder bosses 1511 are aligned in the vertical direction, respectively. That is, two steps are formed on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 151, wherein the upper step 1512 is located and the lower step 1513 is located.

In addition, the outer sleeve 151 is an embedded outer sleeve, and is embedded in the slab 111 when the slab 111 is cast, for this purpose, two pairs of fixing pins 1514 are further arranged outside the outer sleeve 151, the two pairs of fixing pins 1514 are arranged at different heights on the outer sleeve 151, and the extending directions are mutually perpendicular, namely in a crisscross arrangement, and are used for binding and fixing in the reinforced concrete slab; the lower end of the outer sleeve 151 is provided with a circle of outwards-protruding flanges 1515 to form a skirt structure for increasing the adhesive force and bearing capacity of the embedded outer sleeve.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the lock washer of the present embodiment.

Fig. 5 is an orthographic view of the locking washer of the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 4-5, the locking washer 152 is used to lock the height adjustment washer 153 and the resilient member 154 within the outer sleeve 151. The locking washer 152 is a sheet-like piece of metal having three arcuate raised locking tab projections 1521 such that the shape of the locking washer 152 matches the inner wall of the outer sleeve 151 at the step 1512, and in particular, the shape of the locking washer 152 substantially conforms to the inner wall of the outer sleeve 151 at the step 1512 and is slightly smaller in size than the inner wall thereof. A first relief hole 1522 is provided in the middle of the locking washer 152 for a corresponding installation tool to extend into when the isolator is installed. The locking washer 152 also has three radially extending first mounting slots 1523 that are each in communication with the central first relief bore 1522 for mounting the connector. The locking tab protrusions 1521 are offset from the direction of extension of the first mounting groove 1523, with the extension of the first mounting groove 1523 being located between the two locking tab protrusions 1521. The locking washer 152 has a thickness of 10mm.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the height-adjusting spacer according to the present embodiment.

Fig. 7 is an orthographic view of the height adjustment shim in this embodiment.

As shown in fig. 6 to 7, the elevation adjustment spacer 153 is used to adjust the installation height of the elastic member 154 so that the elevation of the surface of the track bed 110 everywhere can meet the design data. The height-adjusting gasket 153 has an outer contour shape identical to that of the locking gasket 152 and has three height-adjusting protrusion portions 1531, which will not be described again. The middle part of the height-adjusting gasket 153 is provided with a circular second abdication hole 1532, and is provided with three second mounting grooves 1533 which extend radially and are communicated with the second abdication hole 1532. The height-adjustment tab boss 1531 is in the extending direction of the second mounting groove 1533.

Depending on the actual required mounting height, one or more stacked height adjustment shims 153 may be used, each height adjustment shim 153 having a thickness of 2mm to 10mm.

Fig. 8 is a structural exploded view of the elastic member in the present embodiment.

Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the elastic member in the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 8-9, the resilient member 154 includes a support cylinder 1541, a support base 1542, two vertically stacked rubber springs 1543, a spring connector assembly 1544, and a spring retainer assembly 1545. The support cylinder 1541 and the support base 1542 respectively provide support for the overlapped rubber springs 1543 from above and below, the spring connecting assembly 1544 is used for connecting the two rubber springs 1543 into a whole, and the spring limiting assembly 1545 is used for fixing two ends of the whole formed by the two rubber springs 153 in the support cylinder 1541 and the support base 1542 respectively.

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the support cylinder in the present embodiment.

Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the support cylinder in the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 10-11, the support cylinder 1541 is made of a metal material for providing support for the upper end of the stacked rubber springs 153. The support cylinder 1541 is a semi-closed structure including a plate-like top 15411, a first cylindrical portion 15412, an inner support plate 15413, and a second cylindrical portion 15414.

The plate-like top 15411 has an outer contour shape corresponding to the height-adjusting shim 153 and a thickness thicker than the height-adjusting shim 153. The middle part of the plate-shaped top 15411 is provided with a circular top abdication groove 15411a for abdicating an installation tool during installation, three top installation holes 15411b are distributed around the top abdication groove 15411a, and the positions of the top abdication grooves 15411b are distributed corresponding to the end parts of the three first installation grooves 1523 of the height-adjusting gasket 153, and the top abdication grooves are also used for allowing the installation tool to stretch in during installation.

As shown in fig. 3, since the three top mounting holes 15411b at the top of the support cylinder 1541, the three first mounting grooves 1523 on the lock washer 152, and the three second mounting grooves 1533 on the height adjustment washer 153 are uniformly distributed, at the time of mounting, these mounting holes and mounting grooves can form three connecting member mounting holes penetrating in the vertical direction, and thus, connecting members can be provided to fasten the three members together. In this embodiment, the connecting member is a bolt and a nut.

The first cylindrical portion 15412 and the second cylindrical portion 15414 are both circular cylindrical and have the same diameter, and the difference is that the length of the first cylindrical portion 15412 is fixed, the length of the second cylindrical portion 15414 is adjustable according to the size and number of the rubber springs 1543, and the length of the second cylindrical portion 15414 is such that the second cylindrical portion 15414 and the support base 1542 still fit when the rubber springs 1543 are not stressed (when the overall height of the plurality of rubber springs 1543 is maximum). In addition, a plurality of pin holes 15414a are provided above the second cylindrical portion 15414 for providing corresponding components in the spring retainer assembly 1545. In this embodiment, the number of the bolt holes 15414a is four, and the bolt holes are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the second cylindrical portion 15414.

The inner support plate 15413 is a circular metal plate welded between the first and second cylindrical portions 15412 and 15414, and has a diameter corresponding to the diameters of the first and second cylindrical portions 15412 and 15414. The inner support plate 15413 and the second cylindrical portion 15414 form a downward circular opening for mounting the rubber spring 1543.

Fig. 12 is a perspective view of the support base in this embodiment.

As shown in fig. 12, the support base 1542 is for supporting and limiting the lower end of the stacked rubber springs 153. The support base 1542 is also made of a metal material, has a circular lid shape, and has an outer diameter smaller than an inner diameter of the second cylindrical portion 15414, and thus can be slidably fitted into the second cylindrical portion 15414.

The inner wall of the support base 1542 has a circle of limiting member mounting groove 15421 and a square yielding groove 15422, wherein the limiting member mounting groove 15421 is used for mounting a corresponding component in the spring limiting assembly 1545, and the square yielding groove 15422 is used for yielding a corresponding structure in the spring limiting assembly 1545, and the structure of the spring limiting assembly 1545 will be described in detail below.

As shown in fig. 8-9, the two rubber springs 1543 are identical in structure, are made of rubber through vulcanization, and have upper and lower ends in a circular plate shape, and the upper and lower ends are wrapped with circular metal plates for enabling the forces born by the two ends to be more uniformly transferred to the middle. The middle portion of the rubber spring 1543 is formed between the upper and lower ends and is contracted radially inward, and both sides of the rubber spring 1543 are formed in an inward curved arc shape as seen from the side. Further, the upper end of the rubber spring 1543 has a circular positioning post caulking groove 15431 for setting the positioning post.

Rubber springs 1543 have a variety of stiffness specifications. During the production process, the stiffness of the rubber spring 1543 can be adjusted by adjusting the rubber composition and production parameters. In the present embodiment, the rubber springs 1543 provided in the middle of the plate body 111 have a relatively lower rigidity, and the rubber springs 1543 provided on both sides in the longitudinal direction of the plate body 111 have a relatively higher rigidity. Since relatively large vibrations are generated at both sides of the plate 111 due to the presence of the cross section, the vibration damping effect of the plate 111 as a whole can be made more uniform by such arrangement.

The two rubber springs 1543 are stacked along the vertical direction and are connected into a whole through the spring connecting assembly 1544, and the whole formed by the two rubber springs 1543 is arranged inside a cladding structure formed by the jogged supporting cylinder 1541 and the supporting base 1542.

Fig. 13 is a perspective view of the spring connector in the present embodiment.

Fig. 14 is a sectional view of the spring connector in the present embodiment.

Fig. 15 is an enlarged view of the inner portion of the frame a in fig. 3.

As shown in fig. 13-15, the spring connector assembly 1544 includes a spring connector 15441, a plurality of connector tabs 15442, and a plurality of fasteners 15443.

The spring connector 15441 is an integrally molded piece made of metal, and has an annular peripheral portion 54411 and a circular disk 54412 formed in the periphery portion 54411, both sides of the peripheral portion 54411 extend perpendicularly from both sides of the disk portion 54412, and an inner diameter of the peripheral portion 54411 matches a diameter of the rubber spring 1543. The spring connector 15441 has an H-shaped cross section. Therefore, a pair of circular fitting grooves 54413 for fitting the ends of the rubber springs 1543 are formed in the peripheral edge 54411 and the disk 54412 on both sides of the disk 54412. The pair of fitting grooves 54413 are provided opposite to each other with the openings facing both sides.

Four square fixing piece mounting grooves 54411a are formed in the peripheral portion 54411, and fixing piece mounting holes 54411b are formed in the bottoms of the fixing piece mounting grooves 54411a for fitting and mounting the connecting piece fixing pieces 15442 and providing fixing pieces 15443. The four anchor piece-mounting grooves 54411a are uniformly distributed along the circumference. In addition, a circular positioning column mounting hole 54412a is provided in the middle of the disk 54412 for mounting the positioning column.

The connecting piece fixing piece 15442 is a metal piece in a shape of , a through connecting piece mounting hole is formed in the middle, the connecting piece fixing piece 15442 is embedded in the fixing piece mounting groove 54411a and is fixed by a fixing piece 15443, and in this embodiment, the fixing piece 15443 is a screw. The both end portions of the connector fixing piece 15442 extend toward the two fitting grooves 54413, respectively, to form a hook-shaped structure.

As shown in fig. 9, the lower end of the upper rubber spring 1543 is fitted into the circular fitting groove 54413 above the spring link 15441, and the upper end of the lower rubber spring 1543 is fitted into the circular fitting groove 54413 below the spring link 15441, and fixation is achieved by four link fixing pieces 15442 and four fixing pieces 15443. The link fixing piece 15442 and the spring link 15441 form a hook structure, catching the end of the rubber spring 1543, thereby connecting the two overlapped rubber springs 1543 into an integral elastic structure.

After being connected into a whole, two ends of the two overlapped rubber springs 1543 are also fixed through the spring limiting assembly 1545.

As shown in fig. 8, the spring retainer assembly 1545 includes a pair of top retainers 15451, bottom retainers 15452, a plurality of retainer pins 15453, and a plurality of locating posts 15454. The number of the positioning posts 15454 is set according to the number of the rubber springs 1543, two in this embodiment.

Fig. 16 is a perspective view of the top stopper in this embodiment.

Fig. 17 is a cross-sectional view of the top stopper in this embodiment.

As shown in fig. 16-17, the top stopper 15451 serves to fix the upper end of the uppermost rubber spring 1543 within the support cylinder 1541. The top limiting member 15451 is an arc-shaped metal member having an L-shaped cross section, so that the upper end of the rubber spring 1543 can be laterally caught after installation, and the upper end of the rubber spring 1543 can be buckled.

The plurality of stopper pins 15453 pass through the plurality of pin holes 15414a of the second cylindrical portion 15414, respectively, and press the pair of top stoppers 15451 from a plurality of directions toward the upper end of the rubber spring 1543, thereby firmly engaging the upper end of the rubber spring 1543.

The bottom stopper 15452 is a clip spring, is fitted into the stopper mounting groove 15421 of the support base 1542, protrudes outward from the groove, and is configured to engage the lower end of the lowermost rubber spring 1543 in the support base 1542.

In addition, as shown in fig. 9, after the spring connection assembly 1544 is provided, the diameter of the connection position of the two rubber springs 1543 is approximately the same as the inner diameter of the support cylinder 1511, so that both ends of all the rubber springs 1543 are well limited during the elastic vibration damping process, so that the overall elastic structure formed by the plurality of rubber springs 1543 is stable during the expansion and contraction process.

As shown in fig. 9, the positioning post 15454 is composed of two cylindrical sections, one of which has a larger diameter, so that a stepped structure is formed in the middle of the positioning post 15454. During installation, the smaller diameter cylindrical section of the positioning column 15454 is embedded into the positioning column mounting groove 15413a of the inner support plate 15413, and the larger diameter cylindrical section is embedded into the positioning column embedding groove 15431 at the upper end of the rubber spring 1543, so that the rubber spring 1543 is transversely limited, and the middle step structure is not easy to separate.

Fig. 18 is a flowchart of installation of the elastic member in the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 18, the process of installing the above-described structure into the integral elastic member 154 specifically includes the steps of:

in step S1-1, the lower end of one rubber spring 1543 is fitted over the spring connector 15441.

In step S1-2, a positioning post 15454 is inserted into the upper end of the other rubber spring 1543, and then the upper end of the rubber spring 1543 is fitted under the spring connector 15441.

In step S1-3, the plurality of connector fixing pieces 15442 are respectively fitted into the plurality of fixing piece mounting grooves 54411a of the spring connector 15441, and are respectively fixed by the fixing pieces 15443.

In step S1-4, a pair of top stoppers 15451 are engaged with the upper ends of the upper rubber springs 1543.

In step S1-5, the top stopper 15451 and the upper end of the superimposed rubber spring 1543 are fitted under the support cylinder 1541 and fixed by a plurality of stopper pins 15453.

In step S1-6, the bottom retainer 15452 is fitted into the retainer mounting groove 15421 of the support base 1542.

In step S1-7, the lower end of the superimposed rubber spring 1543 is embedded in the support base 1542.

By the above steps, the elastic member 154 is assembled by the above components, and the elastic member 154 is only required to be integrally installed when performing the track construction.

Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view of the linear ballast bed in this embodiment at the limit boss position.

As shown in fig. 1 and 19, the linear ballast bed 100 is formed by assembling a plurality of ballast bed boards 110 end to end, and the gap between two adjacent ballast bed boards 110 is 70mm. A pair of semi-cylindrical limit grooves 114 are also provided on both sides of the plate 111 in the length direction for providing limit bosses 400 at the time of assembly. In this embodiment, the limiting boss 400 is a cylindrical concrete stage, and its shape is matched with the limiting groove 114. During assembly, the limiting bosses 400 are respectively clamped with the limiting grooves 114 corresponding to the two adjacent track bed plates 110, so that the track bed plates 110 are transversely limited.

Fig. 20 is a flowchart of installation of the superimposed vibration isolator in the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 20, based on the above structure, the process of installing the superimposed vibration isolator 150 specifically includes the steps of:

in step S2-1, the plate 111 with the pre-embedded outer sleeve 151 is hoisted and placed on the substrate 200.

In step S2-2, the relative height parameter of each outer sleeve 151 is measured by a testing instrument, and the number and thickness specification of the height adjusting gaskets 153 are correspondingly set according to the measured relative height parameter.

Step S2-3, the plate body 111 is lifted to a preset construction height by a lifting device.

In this embodiment, the jacking device is a hydraulic jack, which has four jacking ends (i.e. hydraulic heads), and the four jacking ends can be respectively embedded into the four jacking grooves 113 of the plate 111, and synchronously jack up under the control of the industrial personal computer, so as to stably jack up the plate 111.

The jacking height should be such that the distance between the support step 1513 of the outer sleeve 151 pre-buried in the plate body 111 and the base 200 is greater than the total thickness of the interposed elastic member 154 and the plurality of height-adjusting spacers 153, so that the rubber spring 1543 is not stressed after being interposed, and the height-adjusting spacers 153 and the elastic member 154 can be rotatably adjusted.

Step S2-4, for each outer sleeve 151, the elastic element 154 and the height-adjusting washer 153 are sequentially put in from the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 151, and the elastic element 154 and the height-adjusting washer 153 are rotated by a predetermined angle by the adjusting tool so that the plurality of protrusions thereof are respectively located right under the plurality of in-cylinder protrusions 1511 of the supporting step 1513.

In this embodiment, the supporting step 1513 includes three evenly distributed protrusions 1511 in the cylinder, so the elastic element 154 and the height-adjusting spacer 153 are rotated by 60 ° by the adjusting tool, at this time, the protrusions of the elastic element 154 and the height-adjusting spacer 153 are respectively located under the three protrusions 1511 in the cylinder, and after the plate 111 is put down, the three protrusions are respectively abutted with the three protrusions 1511 in the cylinder, thereby forming a supporting structure.

Fig. 21 is a perspective view of the adjusting tool in the present embodiment.

As shown in fig. 21, the adjusting tool 600 has a T-shaped handle 601 and an adjusting head 602 connected to the other end of the handle 601, the adjusting head 602 has three radially extending adjusting ends 6021, and the positions of the three adjusting ends 6021 are distributed corresponding to the three mounting grooves of the locking washer 152 and the height-adjusting washer 153. A bolt (not shown in the drawing) extending in the vertical direction is mounted on the adjustment end portion 6021.

Thus, taking the spring element 154 as an example, a constructor can grasp the handle 601, extend the adjustment head 602 into the outer sleeve 121, and insert the bolts on the three adjustment ends 6021 into the three top mounting holes 15411b on top of the spring element 154, respectively, and then rotate the handle 601 horizontally, thereby enabling the spring element 154 to rotate horizontally.

In step S2-5, the plate 111 is lowered by the jacking device.

At this time, the rubber springs 1543 in the respective elastic members 154 are brought into a stressed state, the plate body 111 floats on the base 200, and all load of the plate body 111 is transmitted to the elastic members 154 through the support steps 1513 of the sleeve 151.

In step S2-6, for each outer sleeve 151, the locking washer 152 is placed from the opening at the upper end of the outer sleeve 151, and the locking washer 152, the height-adjusting washer 153 and the elastic element 154 are fastened together by bolts, so that the height-adjusting washer 153 and the elastic element 154 are prevented from rotating and falling off.

By the above steps, the installation of the plurality of stacked vibration isolators 150 is completed, and the aforementioned track bed board 110 is formed. Further, after the above steps, a cap may be further provided on the upper end opening of each outer sleeve 151, thereby preventing dust, foreign matter, etc. from entering from the opening.

< example two >

Fig. 22 is a cross-sectional view of the elastic member in the present embodiment.

The present embodiment provides a stacked vibration isolator, a track bed board, and a linear track bed, as shown in fig. 22, which is different from the first embodiment in that the elastic member 154 of the stacked vibration isolator 150 of the present embodiment includes three rubber springs 1543 stacked in the vertical direction. The connection between the adjacent two rubber springs 1543 is the same as in the first embodiment.

Further, since three rubber springs 1543 need to be accommodated in the second cylindrical portion 15414, the length of the second cylindrical portion 15414 is longer than that in the first embodiment.

In this embodiment, other structures, working principles thereof, and installation methods are the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description thereof will not be repeated.

Example operation and Effect

According to the stacked vibration isolator 150 provided in this embodiment, a plurality of rubber springs 1543 are adopted, the plurality of rubber springs 1543 are connected through a spring connection assembly 1544, and two ends of the plurality of rubber springs 154are respectively and fixedly limited in the lower portion in the supporting cylinder 1541 and the supporting base 1542 through a spring limiting assembly 1545, so that an integral elastic element 154 is formed, and because the elastic element 154 comprises a plurality of vertically stacked rubber springs 1543, the stiffness adjustable range of the stacked vibration isolator 150 is large, and the integral height adjustable range of the stacked vibration isolator 150 is large and can be well suitable for various working conditions. In addition, the elastic element 154 can be assembled in advance, the assembly is simple and convenient, and the elastic element 154 only needs to be installed as a whole element during track construction, so that the construction time is reduced, and the construction efficiency is improved.

Specifically, the first embodiment includes two superimposed rubber springs 1543, the overall stiffness of which is 1/2 of that of a single rubber spring 1543; the second embodiment includes three superimposed rubber springs 1543, the overall stiffness of which is 1/3 of that of the single rubber spring 1543, and even if the material formulation and the manufacturing process are adjusted, the stiffness of the single rubber spring 1543 is difficult to reach such a numerical range, so the stiffness range of the elastic member 154 of the present embodiment is greatly increased compared to that of the single rubber spring 1543.

Further, the overlapped rubber springs 1543 are connected through the spring connecting assembly 1544, the spring connecting assembly 1544 includes a spring connecting piece 15441 of an H-shaped section and a connecting piece fixing piece 15442 mounted on the spring connecting piece 15441 to form a hook structure, so that both sides of the spring connecting piece 15441 can be respectively engaged with the lower end of the upper rubber spring 1543 and the upper end of the lower rubber spring 1543 and the one end is caught, thereby connecting the plurality of vertically overlapped rubber springs 1543 into one body. In addition, the two ends of the whole body formed by connecting the plurality of rubber springs 1543 are fixed through the spring limiting assembly 1545, the spring limiting assembly 1545 comprises an L-shaped section, a top limiting member 15451, a clamp spring (a bottom limiting member 15452) and a positioning column 15453, and the two ends of the whole body and the middle parts of the rubber springs 1543 are respectively fixed and transversely limited, so that the whole reliability and the safety of the elastic element 154 are higher.

The above examples are only for illustrating the specific embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the description scope of the above examples.

In the above embodiment, the number of the rubber springs 1543 is 2 to 3, and the rubber springs 1543 are stacked in the vertical direction, but in an alternative, the number of the rubber springs 1543 may be 1 or more depending on the vibration damping rigidity actually required, and the length of the second cylindrical portion 15414 is adjusted correspondingly depending on the number and the height of the rubber springs 1543.

In the above embodiment, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 151 has a circle of supporting steps 1513 and a circle of lifting steps 1514, which are each composed of three evenly distributed in-cylinder protrusions 1511, in the alternative, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 151 may also have 2 or more evenly distributed in-cylinder protrusions 1511, the outer profile shapes of the supporting cylinder 1541, the locking spacer 153 and the height-adjusting spacer 152 are matched with each other, and when the elastic member 154 and the height-adjusting spacer 152 are rotated 180/n degrees to form a supporting structure, the corresponding technical effects can also be achieved. With 2 in-cylinder bosses 1511, the support stability in a single isolator is slightly reduced, but the overall support stability can be ensured because of the plurality of isolators embedded in the plate 111.

In the above embodiment, the two ends of the stacked rubber spring 1543 are respectively fixed in the lower part in the supporting cylinder 1541 and the supporting base 1542 through the spring limiting assemblies 1545, and in alternative, the two ends of the stacked rubber spring 1543 may be limited and fixed in other manners, for example, an adhesive manner is adopted.

Claims (8)

1. A stacked vibration isolator disposed in a track bed, comprising:

the outer sleeve is communicated along the length direction and fixedly embedded in the road bed board;

an elastic element disposed below the outer sleeve;

a height-adjusting spacer disposed above the elastic element; and

the locking gasket is embedded in the outer sleeve and is fixed with the height adjusting gasket and the elastic element through a connecting piece,

wherein the elastic element comprises:

a support cylinder;

a support base;

the at least two rubber springs are arranged in a cladding structure formed by the support cylinder and the support base in a jogged mode and vertically overlapped; and

a plurality of spring connecting components which are respectively arranged between two adjacent rubber springs and are used for connecting a plurality of rubber springs into a whole,

the inner wall of the outer sleeve is provided with n radial convex barrel convex parts, n is more than or equal to 2,

the height-adjusting gasket, the locking gasket and the upper end of the supporting cylinder are provided with n protruding parts, and the outer contour shape of the height-adjusting gasket, the locking gasket and the upper end of the supporting cylinder are matched with the inner wall shape of the outer sleeve at the protruding part in the cylinder.

2. The stacked vibration isolator of claim 1, wherein:

wherein, the spring coupling assembly includes:

a spring connector having a pair of engaging grooves provided in opposition, the engaging grooves having a shape matching the ends of the rubber spring; and

a plurality of connecting piece fixing pieces mounted on the spring connecting piece with ends extending toward the fitting groove,

the opposite ends of the two rubber springs are respectively embedded in the pair of embedded grooves and are buckled by the end parts of the extended connecting piece fixing piece.

3. The stacked vibration isolator as claimed in claim 2, wherein:

wherein, both ends of the rubber spring are in a circular plate shape, the middle part is radially concave,

the spring connector includes:

a peripheral edge part which is annular; and

a disk body formed in the ring of the peripheral edge portion so as to form a pair of the fitting grooves on both sides of the disk body,

a plurality of fixing piece mounting grooves are arranged on the peripheral edge part and evenly distributed along the circumference of the peripheral edge part,

the connecting piece fixing piece is embedded and fixed in the fixing piece mounting groove.

4. The stacked vibration isolator of claim 1, wherein:

wherein, the inner wall of the supporting base is provided with a circle of limit piece mounting groove,

the elastic element further includes a spring stop assembly, which includes:

the top limiting piece is used for clamping and fixing the upper end of the uppermost rubber spring in the supporting cylinder; and

and the bottom limiting piece is embedded in the limiting piece mounting groove and protrudes outwards, and is used for clamping and fixing the lower end of the lowest rubber spring in the supporting base.

5. The stacked vibration isolator of claim 4, wherein:

wherein the top limiting part is an arc-shaped metal part, the section of the top limiting part is L-shaped, the number of the top limiting part is at least two,

the bottom limiting part is a clamp spring.

6. The stacked vibration isolator of claim 4, wherein:

wherein, a plurality of bolt holes are arranged on the supporting cylinder,

the spring limiting assembly further comprises a plurality of limiting pins which are respectively embedded into the bolt holes, and the top limiting piece is pressed towards the upper end of the rubber spring.

7. The stacked vibration isolator of claim 4, wherein:

wherein, a supporting plate is arranged in the middle part of the supporting cylinder,

a positioning column mounting hole is formed in the middle of the supporting plate,

a positioning column mounting groove is formed in the middle of the spring connecting piece,

one end of the rubber spring is provided with a positioning column caulking groove,

the spring limiting assembly also comprises a plurality of positioning columns used for transversely limiting the rubber spring,

one of the positioning posts passes through the positioning post mounting hole of the supporting plate and the positioning post caulking groove of the uppermost rubber spring at the same time,

the rest of the positioning columns simultaneously penetrate through the positioning column mounting grooves of the spring connecting pieces and the positioning column embedding grooves of the other rubber springs.

8. The stacked vibration isolator of claim 1, wherein:

wherein the thickness of the height-adjusting gasket is 2 mm-10 mm, and the number of the height-adjusting gaskets is one or more.