CN116493045A - g-C 3 N 4 Preparation method of @ C-PDA composite material and g-C 3 N 4 @C-PDA composite material - Google Patents

g-C 3 N 4 Preparation method of @ C-PDA composite material and g-C 3 N 4 @C-PDA composite material Download PDF

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CN116493045A
CN116493045A CN202310398490.4A CN202310398490A CN116493045A CN 116493045 A CN116493045 A CN 116493045A CN 202310398490 A CN202310398490 A CN 202310398490A CN 116493045 A CN116493045 A CN 116493045A
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pda
preparation
nitrogen
composite material
rich precursor
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杨文炫
董心愉
王卫
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Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
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Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
    • B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
    • B01J31/06—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing polymers
    • B01J35/39—
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/34—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations
    • C02F1/36—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage with mechanical oscillations ultrasonic vibrations
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/308—Dyes; Colorants; Fluorescent agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00—Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/10—Photocatalysts

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a g-C 3 N 4 Preparation method of @ C-PDA composite material and g-C 3 N 4 An @ C-PDA composite comprising the steps of: (1) Cyanuric acid, melamine and barbituric acid are dispersed into deionized water; stirring at room temperature until the reaction is sufficient, and centrifugally drying to obtain a nitrogen-rich precursor; (2) Dispersing nitrogen-rich precursor into glycol, grinding to form white uniform slurry, and enrichingVolatilizing ethylene glycol in the nitrogen precursor slurry to obtain nitrogen-rich precursor white powder; and heating to obtain g-C 3 N 4 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the (3) Blending aqueous solution of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane with isopropanol, adding g-C 3 N 4 Fully dispersing by ultrasonic, and adding 1-5 g/L of dopamine hydrochloride aqueous solution; stirring at room temperature, centrifuging, washing with deionized water, oven drying, and grinding to obtain g-C 3 N 4 A @ PDA; (4) Taking g-C 3 N 4 Heat treatment of PDA in Nitrogen atmosphere gives g-C 3 N 4 @c400; the composite material prepared by the method improves the photo-thermal effect of polydopamine in a three-dimensional porous structure and the uniform local synergistic effect of polydopamine and g-C3N4 in the photo-catalytic reaction process.

Description

g-C 3 N 4 Preparation method of @ C-PDA composite material and g-C 3 N 4 @C-PDA composite material
Technical Field
The invention relates to a photocatalytic material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a g-C 3 N 4 Preparation method of @ C-PDA composite material and g-C 3 N 4 @ C-PDA composite.
Background
Dyes are widely used in textile, leather, plastics and other industries, the dyes are generated by substituting aromatic compounds with halogen, nitro and the like, the solubility in water is high, the biotoxicity is high, and some of the dyes are three-causing substances, so that the dyes are one of the main sources of water pollution at present.
The current treatment methods for dye-containing sewage include adsorption, biological and physicochemical methods. The conventional adsorption method utilizes activated carbon, kaolin, industrial slag and the like to adsorb and separate dye from water, and PDA (polydopamine) is a high molecular substance rich in hydroxyl groups and can improve the dispersibility of the photocatalytic material in water; meanwhile, the material can be tightly combined with dye molecules through hydrogen bonds or chemical bonds, is negatively charged in a neutral and alkaline environment, can attract specific dye molecules through electrostatic force, and is a good surface adsorption material.
g-C 3 N 4 As a polymer semiconductor material, the material has the advantages of excellent performance, convenient preparation, rich raw material sources and the like, and in addition, g-C 3 N 4 Has a medium energy band gap (2.7 eV), and can work under the light of longer wavelength compared with the titanium dioxide photocatalytic material (3.2 eV) commonly used in the market, thereby having higher photocatalytic degradation efficiency.
PDA macromolecule is formed by polymerizing dopamine micromolecules, and a large number of conjugated bonds for carrier movement exist on a molecular chain, so that the PDA-wrapped photocatalytic material has an excellent effect on carrier movement, but the existing PDA-wrapped photocatalytic material is especially a three-dimensional porous structure material, and only the disordered random oxidation deposition of PDA can not improve the photocatalytic efficiency, but also weaken the photo-thermal effect of polydopamine in the three-dimensional porous structure.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a method for improving the coating of carbonized PDA (personal digital assistant) coated g-C 3 N 4 A preparation method of a uniform photocatalytic composite material.
The technical scheme is as follows: the g-C of the invention 3 N 4 The preparation method of the @ C-PDA composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparation of nitrogen-rich precursor: dispersing cyanuric acid, melamine and barbituric acid into water, stirring until the reaction is sufficient, and then centrifugally drying to obtain a nitrogen-rich precursor;
(2)g-C 3 N 4 is prepared from the following steps: dispersing nitrogen-rich precursor into ethylene glycol, grinding to form white uniform slurry, volatilizing ethylene glycol in the nitrogen-rich precursor slurry to obtain nitrogen-rich precursor white powder, and heating to obtain g-C 3 N 4 ；
(3)g-C 3 N 4 Preparation of @ PDA: the aqueous solution of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane and isopropanol were blended and then g-C was added 3 N 4 Fully dispersing, then adding 1-5 g/L dopamine hydrochloride aqueous solution, stirring and reacting, and sequentially centrifuging, washing with deionized water, drying and grinding to obtain g-C 3 N 4 @PDA；
(4)g-C 3 N 4 Preparation of @ C-PDA: taking g-C 3 N 4 Carbonizing the @ PDA in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain g-C 3 N 4 @C400。
Further, the mass ratio of the cyanuric acid, the melamine and the barbituric acid in the step (1) is 64:64:1-2.
Further, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the nitrogen-rich precursor to the ethylene glycol is 1:1-1:2.
Further, the ethylene glycol volatilization method in the step (2) is as follows: and fully drying the nitrogen-rich precursor slurry at the temperature of 170-200 ℃.
Further, the carbonization treatment in the step (2) is to heat at a temperature of 400-550 ℃ until carbonization.
Further, the concentration of the aqueous solution of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane in the step (3) is 5 to 10mM.
Further, the isopropyl alcohol and g-C in step (3) 3 N 4 The adding proportion of (2) is as follows: g-C 3 N 4 The mass ratio of the isopropyl alcohol to the isopropyl alcohol is 1: 50-1:100.
Further, the volume ratio of the isopropanol to the aqueous solution of the tris and the aqueous solution of the dopamine hydrochloride is 2-5:10:1.
Further, the heat treatment temperature in the step (4) is 300-400 ℃, and the heat treatment time is 30 min-1 h.
The g-C prepared by the method 3 N 4 @ C-PDA composite.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
(1) The molecular chain of PDA contains a large number of hydroxyl groups, and the adsorption capacity of dye molecules can be improved through hydrogen bonds or electrostatic force; g-C 3 N 4 The composite photocatalytic material can work under longer wavelength light, so that the prepared composite photocatalytic material has the advantages of large adsorption capacity, high degradation efficiency and high light source utilization rate.
(2) The composite material prepared by the method has the advantages that the PDA is uniformly coated on the surface of the three-dimensional porous structure, so that the photo-thermal effect of polydopamine in the three-dimensional porous structure and the uniform local synergistic effect of polydopamine and g-C3N4 in the photo-catalytic reaction process are improved.
(3) The carbonized PDA has high conductivity, can be used as an electron acceptor to accelerate the separation and transfer of photogenerated carriers, has a richer pore structure and more active sites, and can maintain the reducibility of the surface of the carbonized PDA while improving the stability of the material. And the good photo-thermal conversion performance of PDA is maintained, the adsorption of dye molecules is realized, and the hydrophilicity of the material is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by referring to examples.
In the adsorption performance test, the photocatalytic material is dispersed into methylene blue solution, ultrasonic dispersion is carried out fully, after dark adsorption is carried out for 24 hours, supernatant fluid is centrifugally taken, and absorbance A is measured at the position of spectrophotometer=552 nm i Adsorption amount= (1-a) i /A 0 ) X 100%, where A 0 Is the absorbance of the initial solution.
During the photocatalytic degradation performance test, the photocatalytic material is dispersed into methylene blue solution, fully dispersed by ultrasound, and absorbed in a dark way for 24 hours, then the photocatalytic degradation is carried out for 90 minutes under the irradiation of a xenon lamp, and meanwhile, magnetic stirring is carried out, samples are taken every 15 minutes, and the absorbance A is measured at the position of spectrophotometer=552 nm t Then the reaction is continued after being poured back into the reactor, and the degradation rate is = (1-A) t /A 0 ) X 100%, where A 0 Is the absorbance of the initial solution.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of nitrogen-rich precursor: 2.58g of cyanuric acid, 2.52g of melamine and 0.2g of barbituric acid are dispersed into 50mL of deionized water, stirred at 500rpm at room temperature for 6 hours, and centrifugally dried to obtain a nitrogen-rich precursor.
(2)g-C 3 N 4 Is prepared from the following steps: dispersing 2g of nitrogen-rich precursor into ethylene glycol, and grinding for 30min in a mortar to obtain white uniform slurry; spreading clean aluminum foil paper on a heating table, pouring nitrogen-rich precursor slurry on the aluminum foil paper, and baking at 170 ℃ to completely volatilize ethylene glycol to obtain nitrogen-rich precursor white powder; tightly wrapping the white powder with aluminum foil paper, and heat treating in a tube furnace at 550deg.C for 4 hr to obtain g-C 3 N 4 。
(3) Poly-dopamine photocatalysis composite material g-C 3 N 4 Preparation of @ PDA: 100mL of 10mM aqueous tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane solution and 40mL of isopropanol were blended and 0.4g of g-C was added 3 N 4 Fully dispersing by ultrasonic, adding 10mL of 1g/L dopamine hydrochloride aqueous solution, stirring at 500rpm for 20 hours at room temperature, centrifuging, washing with deionized water once, drying at 60 ℃, and grinding to obtain g-C 3 N 4 @PDA。
(4)g-C 3 N 4 Preparation of @ C-PDA: 0.4g of g-C is taken 3 N 4 PDA tightly wrapped with aluminum foil paperHeat-treating in a tube furnace at 400 deg.C for 2h in nitrogen atmosphere to obtain g-C 3 N 4 @C-PDA。
Taking 5mg of the photocatalytic composite material and 5mL of methylene blue aqueous solution (10 mg/L), fully dispersing by ultrasonic, centrifuging after dark adsorption for 24 hours, taking supernatant to measure absorbance, and the adsorption capacity of different photocatalytic composite materials to methylene blue is shown in table 1, so that the adsorption capacity of the photocatalytic material matrix to methylene blue is obviously increased after the photocatalytic material matrix is wrapped by PDA.
The degradation performance of the invention to dye under the irradiation of full spectrum light source is tested, the degradation efficiency of different photocatalysis composite materials to methylene blue is shown in table 2, 2.5mg of photocatalysis composite materials are dispersed into 50mLMB water solution (10 mg/L), ultrasound is fully dispersed, dark absorption is carried out for 24 hours, then photocatalysis degradation is carried out for 90 minutes under the irradiation of xenon light source, and meanwhile magnetic stirring is carried out, sampling is carried out at intervals of 15 minutes to measure absorbance, and then the mixture is poured back into a reactor to continue reaction. As can be seen from Table 2, the invention can efficiently and photo-catalytically degrade dye molecules in water under the irradiation of a full spectrum light source, and the photo-catalytic degradation performance of the photo-catalytic material matrix is slightly improved after the photo-catalytic material matrix is wrapped by PDA; the degradation performance of the carbonized composite material is further improved.
The method is used for testing the degradation performance of the dye under the irradiation of light rays of a visible light wave band of a light source, the sample in the example 1 is used, 2.5mg of photocatalyst is dispersed into 50mLMB aqueous solution (10 mg/L), ultrasound is fully dispersed, dark adsorption is carried out for 24 hours, the light source of a xenon lamp and a filter of 420nm are used for carrying out photocatalysis degradation for 90 minutes, meanwhile magnetic stirring is carried out, the absorbance is measured by sampling every 15 minutes, then the sample is poured back into a reactor for continuous reaction, the degradation efficiency of different photocatalysis composite materials on methylene blue is shown in the table 3, and the sample of the invention can still have good photocatalysis degradation performance under the irradiation of the light rays of the visible light wave band.
Use of g-C of example 1 3 N 4 4 times of testing on the @ C-PDA, the degradation rate is shown in Table 4; as can be seen from Table 4, the activity hardly decreases after the catalytic material is recycled for 4 times, indicating that the stability of the prepared material is good.
Example 2
The specific preparation method is the same as in example 1, the difference is that the isopropanol content in the step (3) is 20mL, and the adsorption amount of the finally prepared photocatalytic composite material to methylene blue is shown in table 1; the degradation efficiency of methylene blue under irradiation of a full spectrum light source is shown in table 2; the degradation efficiency of methylene blue under irradiation of light in the visible light band is shown in table 3. As the use amount of isopropanol is reduced, the PDA oxidative polymerization rate is accelerated, PDA particles are aggregated, the particle size is not uniform, and the adsorption amount and the photo-thermal effect are affected.
Comparative example 1
The specific preparation method is the same as the example, except that in the step (3), isopropanol blending is not used, and the adsorption amount of the finally prepared photocatalytic composite material to methylene blue is shown in table 1; the degradation efficiency of methylene blue under irradiation of a full spectrum light source is shown in table 2; the degradation efficiency of methylene blue under irradiation of light in the visible light band is shown in table 3. PDA synthesized entirely with water at g-C 3 N 4 Disordered growth on the surface, severe PDA agglomeration, and incapability of realizing G-C 3 N 4 The surface is covered, so that the adsorption quantity and degradation rate of dye molecules are reduced.
TABLE 1
TABLE 2
TABLE 3 Table 3
TABLE 4 Table 4
Number of cycles Initial absorbance Degradation absorbance for 90min Degradation rate (%)
1 1.042 0.129 87.6
2 1.043 0.132 87.3
3 1.039 0.136 86.9
4 1.034 0.145 86.9

Claims (10)

1. g-C 3 N 4 The preparation method of the @ C-PDA composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparation of nitrogen-rich precursor: dispersing cyanuric acid, melamine and barbituric acid into water, stirring until the reaction is sufficient, and then centrifugally drying to obtain a nitrogen-rich precursor;
(2)g-C 3 N 4 is prepared from the following steps: dispersing nitrogen-rich precursor into ethylene glycol, grinding to form white uniform slurry, volatilizing ethylene glycol in the nitrogen-rich precursor slurry to obtain nitrogen-rich precursor white powder, and heating to obtain g-C 3 N 4 ；
(3)g-C 3 N 4 Preparation of @ PDA: the aqueous solution of tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane and isopropanol were blended and then g-C was added 3 N 4 Fully dispersing, then adding 1-5 g/L dopamine hydrochloride aqueous solution, stirring and reacting, and sequentially centrifuging, washing with deionized water, drying and grinding to obtain g-C 3 N 4 @PDA；
(4)g-C 3 N 4 Preparation of @ C400: taking g-C 3 N 4 Carbonizing the @ PDA in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain g-C 3 N 4 @C-PDA。
2. g-C according to claim 1 3 N 4 The preparation method of the @ C-PDA composite material is characterized in that the mass ratio of the cyanuric acid to the melamine to the barbituric acid in the step (1) is 64:64:1-2.
3. g-C according to claim 1 3 N 4 The preparation method of the @ C-PDA composite material is characterized in that the nitrogen-rich precursor in the step (2) is dispersed in ethylene glycol, wherein the mass ratio of the nitrogen-rich precursor to the ethylene glycol is 1:1-1:2.
4. g-C according to claim 1 3 N 4 The preparation method of the @ C-PDA composite material is characterized in that the ethylene glycol volatilization method in the step (2) is as follows: and fully drying the nitrogen-rich precursor slurry at the temperature of 170-200 ℃.
5. g-C according to claim 1 3 N 4 @C-PDThe preparation method of the composite material A is characterized in that the carbonization treatment in the step (2) is heating to carbonization at the temperature of 400-550 ℃.
6. g-C according to claim 1 3 N 4 The preparation method of the @ C-PDA composite material is characterized in that the concentration of the aqueous solution of the tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane in the step (3) is 5-10 mM.
7. The g-C of claim 6 3 N 4 Preparation method of @ C-PDA composite material, characterized in that the isopropyl alcohol and g-C 3 N 4 And isopropanol in a mass ratio of 1:50-1:100.
8. The g-C of claim 7 3 N 4 The preparation method of the @ C-PDA composite material is characterized in that the volume ratio of the isopropanol to the aqueous solution of the tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane to the aqueous solution of the dopamine hydrochloride is 2-5:10:1.
9. PDA package g-C according to claim 1 3 N 4 The preparation method of the composite material is characterized in that the heat treatment temperature in the step (4) is 300-400 ℃ and the heat treatment time is 30 min-1 h.
10. g-C prepared by the method according to any one of claims 1-9 3 N 4 @ C-PDA composite.
CN202310398490.4A 2023-04-14 2023-04-14 g-C 3 N 4 Preparation method of @ C-PDA composite material and g-C 3 N 4 @C-PDA composite material Pending CN116493045A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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