CN110694655A - Preparation method of silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst - Google Patents

Preparation method of silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110694655A
CN110694655A CN201911188124.6A CN201911188124A CN110694655A CN 110694655 A CN110694655 A CN 110694655A CN 201911188124 A CN201911188124 A CN 201911188124A CN 110694655 A CN110694655 A CN 110694655A
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silver
graphene oxide
solution
prepared
sulfide
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李贞玉
刘涛
龙丹
范伊焘
赵苾艺
杨玉琴
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Changchun University of Technology
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Changchun University of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/14Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • B01J27/16Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr
    • B01J27/18Phosphorus; Compounds thereof containing oxygen, i.e. acids, anhydrides and their derivates with N, S, B or halogens without carriers or on carriers based on C, Si, Al or Zr; also salts of Si, Al and Zr with metals other than Al or Zr
    • B01J27/1802Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates
    • B01J27/1817Salts or mixtures of anhydrides with compounds of other metals than V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, Mn, Tc, Re, e.g. phosphates, thiophosphates with copper, silver or gold
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01JCHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J27/00Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
    • B01J27/02Sulfur, selenium or tellurium; Compounds thereof
    • B01J27/053Sulfates
    • B01J27/055Sulfates with alkali metals, copper, gold or silver
    • B01J35/39
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/38Organic compounds containing nitrogen
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2305/00Use of specific compounds during water treatment
    • C02F2305/10Photocatalysts

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of a silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst, and belongs to the field of photocatalytic materials. The preparation method is characterized in that an ethanol water solution is used as a solvent, a silver nitrate solution and a sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution are respectively prepared under the condition of violent stirring, graphene oxide is prepared according to an improved Hummers method, suspension liquid is prepared through ultrasonic treatment, the silver nitrate solution, a sodium sulfide solution and the graphene oxide suspension liquid are sequentially added into the sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution, and finally centrifugal drying is carried out to prepare the silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst. The preparation method has the advantages of simple preparation process, cheap and easily-obtained raw materials, short preparation period and stable chemical properties of the prepared material. The photocatalyst prepared by the invention has photocatalytic activity in a wider wavelength range, can be used for photocatalytic degradation of organic dirt under the irradiation of visible light or natural light, and has a good application prospect.

Description

Preparation method of silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photocatalytic materials, and particularly relates to preparation and application of a silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst.
Background
In recent decades, with the rapid development of economy, environmental issues, especially water pollution, have become a serious challenge to people. The semiconductor photocatalysis technology can degrade various organic and inorganic pollutants by utilizing sunlight, so that the semiconductor photocatalysis technology becomes one of the most promising technologies for solving the environmental problems at present. Among various semiconductor photocatalysts, a silver-based semiconductor photocatalytic material has been widely used in recent years, and silver phosphate (Ag)3PO4) And has a suitable forbidden bandwidth, and has attracted considerable attention because of the high photocatalytic activity in the process of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants driven by visible light.
However, Ag3PO4Is located at 0.55 eV, and thus in Ag3PO4Does not generate enough electrons to convert O2Reduction to highly active superoxide radical (. O)2 -) Thereby limiting Ag to some extent3PO4The use of (1). Due to Ag3PO4Is slightly soluble in water and Ag under long-term light irradiation+Is easily reduced into Ag simple substance, thereby reducing Ag3PO4Photostability of the photocatalyst. In view of the above problems, a large number of composite photocatalysts have been successfully prepared to increase Ag3PO4Photocatalytic activity and stability. For example, Ag3PO4/NiTiO3,Ag3PO4/Ag2And S. But according to Ag3PO4Further investigation of the composite photocatalyst shows that Ag is found3PO4/Ag2The S composite photocatalyst has poor stability and low degradation rate. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find a substance to be compounded therewith to improve photocatalytic performance.
Graphene is of great interest due to its unique properties, such as large specific surface area, good electrical conductivity, excellent carrier mobility and high chemical stability[122]. Graphene Oxide (GO) as a graphene derivative contains various oxygen-containing functional groups on graphene sheets, so that the graphene oxide shows good dispersibility in an aqueous solution and has good affinity for a plurality of pollutants. In addition, GO has high specific surface area and high carrier mobility, so that GO becomes an ideal carrier material of the photocatalyst, and due to the good photo-generated carrier conveying and separating capacity of GO, the recombination of photo-generated electron-hole pairs is hindered, and the photocatalytic degradation activity of the compound semiconductor is obviously improved. In addition, since the oxygen atoms in GO have a greater electronegativity than carbon atoms, they can also act as semiconductors for photocatalytic degradation and hydrogen evolution. To date, many semiconductor materials have been applied to develop new composite photocatalysts with GO sheets as supports and electron acceptors, and these composites have proven to be potential materials for photocatalytic applications.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst aiming at the defects of the prior art. The method is simple, easy to operate, safe, environment-friendly and low in cost. Can degrade organic pollutants by photocatalysis under the irradiation of visible light, and keeps good stability and excellent photocatalytic activity.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) preparing Graphene Oxide (GO) according to an improved Hummers method, dispersing the prepared GO in deionized water, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 3 hours to obtain a GO suspension;
2) preparing an ethanol water solution with a certain concentration (the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 1: 1.83), and averagely dividing the prepared ethanol water solution into two parts;
3) adding 1-5mmol of silver nitrate into one part of the mixture, and fully stirring the mixture to dissolve the mixture to form a first mixed solution; adding 0.1mmol-3mmol sodium dihydrogen phosphate into the other part, and stirring to dissolve to obtain a second mixed solution;
4) placing the prepared second mixed solution into a constant-temperature magnetic heating stirrer, slowly adding the first mixed solution into the second mixed solution dropwise under the stirring condition, and fully stirring for 20-40 min;
5) weighing a certain amount of sodium sulfide solid to prepare 0.01mol/L sodium sulfide solution. Slowly adding 0.5-5ml of sodium sulfide solution into the mixed solution drop by drop, and continuously stirring for 3-5h under the dark condition;
6) adding 5-60ml of GO suspension prepared in the step 1) into the step 5), and continuously stirring for 2-4 h;
7) and (3) centrifugally separating the reactant obtained in the step 6), washing the reactant for 5 times by using deionized water and ethanol, and then carrying out vacuum drying at 60 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst.
Further, the molar ratio of silver nitrate to sodium dihydrogen phosphate described above was 3: 1.
The specific method and conditions for the photocatalytic activity test of degrading rhodamine B under visible radiation are as follows:
the photodegradability of the silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst can be carried out in a photocatalytic reactor. A500W xenon lamp (lambda is more than 420 nm) is used as a simulated visible light source, 50ml of rhodamine B with the concentration of 10-50mg/L is used as simulated dye wastewater, photocatalytic degradation is carried out on the simulated dye wastewater, and the concentration of a catalyst is 1 g/L. And (3) extracting 3ml of reaction liquid every 5min under magnetic stirring, carrying out centrifugal separation, taking supernatant, measuring the absorbance of the solution at 554nm, and determining the concentration of the solution according to a concentration-absorbance standard curve of rhodamine B.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, the silver phosphate photocatalyst is modified by using the graphene oxide and the silver sulfide, so that the obtained silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst enhances the absorption performance of a single silver phosphate photocatalyst on visible light, reduces the solubility of the silver phosphate photocatalyst in an aqueous solution, enhances the stability of the silver phosphate photocatalyst, effectively improves the separation of photo-generated electron-hole pairs due to the energy level matching between the silver phosphate and the silver sulfide and the good electron transfer capability of the graphene oxide, and greatly improves the photocatalytic degradation performance of the silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope image of a silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst prepared by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD) of the silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst prepared by the method;
FIG. 3 is a UV-Vis diffuse reflection spectrum diagram of the silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst prepared by the method.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
dispersing Graphene Oxide (GO) in deionized water according to the improved Hummers method, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 3 hours to obtain a GO suspension; weighing 3mmol of silver nitrate, and dissolving in 8.5ml of ethanol water solution; then 1mmol of sodium dihydrogen phosphate is weighed and dissolved in 8.5ml of ethanol water solution; dropwise adding the nitric acid solution into the sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution under the stirring condition, and continuously stirring for 30 min; then 1ml of 0.01mol/L sodium sulfide solution is dripped into the mixture and stirred for 4 hours under the dark condition; and adding 10ml of graphene oxide suspension into the solution, continuously stirring for 3h, centrifugally separating the obtained reactant, washing with deionized water and ethanol for 5 times, and vacuum-drying at 60 ℃ for 12h to obtain the silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst.
Example 2:
dispersing Graphene Oxide (GO) in deionized water according to the improved Hummers method, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 3 hours to obtain a GO suspension; weighing 4.2mmol of silver nitrate, and dissolving in 8.5ml of ethanol water solution; then 1.4mmol of sodium dihydrogen phosphate is weighed and dissolved in 8.5ml of ethanol water solution; dropwise adding the nitric acid solution into the sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution under the stirring condition, and continuously stirring for 30 min; then 1ml of 0.01mol/L sodium sulfide solution is dripped into the mixture and stirred for 4 hours under the dark condition; and adding 10ml of graphene oxide suspension into the solution, continuously stirring for 3h, centrifugally separating the obtained reactant, washing with deionized water and ethanol for 5 times, and vacuum-drying at 60 ℃ for 12h to obtain the silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst.
Example 3:
dispersing Graphene Oxide (GO) in deionized water according to the improved Hummers method, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 3 hours to obtain a GO suspension; weighing 8mmol of silver nitrate, and dissolving in 8.5ml of ethanol water solution; weighing 2.6mmol sodium dihydrogen phosphate, and dissolving in 8.5ml ethanol water solution; dropwise adding the nitric acid solution into the sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution under the stirring condition, and continuously stirring for 30 min; then 1ml of 0.01mol/L sodium sulfide solution is dripped into the mixture and stirred for 4 hours under the dark condition; and adding 10ml of graphene oxide suspension into the solution, continuously stirring for 3h, centrifugally separating the obtained reactant, washing with deionized water and ethanol for 5 times, and vacuum-drying at 60 ℃ for 12h to obtain the silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst.
Example 4:
the addition amount of the graphene oxide suspension in example 1 was changed to 20ml, and other conditions were not changed.
Example 5:
the addition amount of the graphene oxide suspension in example 1 was changed to 30ml, and other conditions were not changed.
Example 6:
the addition amount of the graphene oxide suspension in example 1 was changed to 40ml, and other conditions were not changed.
The photocatalytic material prepared by the present invention may be supported on other carriers, and the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments.

Claims (3)

1. A preparation method of a silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst comprises the following specific steps:
1) preparing Graphene Oxide (GO) according to an improved Hummers method, dispersing the prepared GO in deionized water, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 3 hours to obtain a GO suspension;
2) preparing an ethanol water solution with a certain concentration (the volume ratio of ethanol to water is 1: 1.83), and averagely dividing the prepared ethanol water solution into two parts;
3) adding 1-5mmol of silver nitrate into one part of the mixture, and fully stirring the mixture to dissolve the mixture to form a first mixed solution; adding 0.1mmol-3mmol sodium dihydrogen phosphate into the other part, and stirring to dissolve to obtain a second mixed solution;
4) placing the prepared second mixed solution into a constant-temperature magnetic heating stirrer, slowly adding the first mixed solution into the second mixed solution dropwise under the stirring condition, and fully stirring for 20-40 min;
5) weighing a certain amount of sodium sulfide solid, preparing 0.01mol/L sodium sulfide solution, dropwise and slowly adding 0.5-5ml of sodium sulfide solution into the mixed solution, and continuously stirring for 3-5h under a dark condition;
6) adding 5-60ml of GO suspension prepared in the step 1) into the step 5), and continuously stirring for 2-4 h;
7) and (3) centrifugally separating the reactant obtained in the step 6), washing the reactant for 5 times by using deionized water and ethanol, and then carrying out vacuum drying at 60 ℃ for 12 hours to obtain the silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst.
2. The preparation method of the silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst according to claim 1, characterized in that: the molar ratio of silver nitrate to sodium dihydrogen phosphate was 3: 1.
3. The photocatalyst prepared according to claim 1, characterized in that rhodamine B can be degraded under irradiation with light.
CN201911188124.6A 2019-11-28 2019-11-28 Preparation method of silver sulfide/silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst Pending CN110694655A (en)

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CN112430415A (en) * 2020-11-18 2021-03-02 浙江昌格家居有限公司 Environment-friendly water-based paint and preparation method thereof
CN113070082A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-06 陕西科技大学 Bismuth vanadate @ silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112430415A (en) * 2020-11-18 2021-03-02 浙江昌格家居有限公司 Environment-friendly water-based paint and preparation method thereof
CN113070082A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-06 陕西科技大学 Bismuth vanadate @ silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof
CN113070082B (en) * 2021-03-31 2023-02-24 陕西科技大学 Bismuth vanadate @ silver phosphate/graphene oxide composite photocatalyst and preparation method and application thereof

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