CN116492138B - Earplug and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Earplug and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN116492138B CN116492138B CN202310775100.0A CN202310775100A CN116492138B CN 116492138 B CN116492138 B CN 116492138B CN 202310775100 A CN202310775100 A CN 202310775100A CN 116492138 B CN116492138 B CN 116492138B
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- 210000003128 head Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 210000000613 ear canal Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 210000003454 tympanic membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 69
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000005534 acoustic noise Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 210000003625 skull Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 210000000959 ear middle Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 210000000988 bone and bone Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 210000000845 cartilage Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000005069 ears Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000003477 cochlea Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000883 ear external Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000003027 ear inner Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011094 fiberboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004373 mandible Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000018984 mastication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010077 mastication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007779 soft material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F11/00—Methods or devices for treatment of the ears or hearing sense; Non-electric hearing aids; Methods or devices for enabling ear patients to achieve auditory perception through physiological senses other than hearing sense; Protective devices for the ears, carried on the body or in the hand
- A61F11/06—Protective devices for the ears
- A61F11/08—Protective devices for the ears internal, e.g. earplugs
Abstract
The application discloses an earplug and electronic equipment, and relates to the technical field of acoustic noise reduction. The earplug includes an earplug head and an earplug cavity. The earplug head is provided with a vent hole, and the earplug cavity is connected with the earplug head and comprises a cavity communicated with the vent hole. In the application, the earplug is provided with the earplug head used for being plugged into the external auditory canal and the earplug cavity positioned outside the external auditory canal, the earplug head and the earplug cavity cooperate to play a good sound insulation role, meanwhile, the earplug head is provided with the vent hole communicated with the cavity of the earplug cavity, and the vent hole can generate viscous effect so as to absorb the energy of sound waves, so that the energy reflected to the tympanic membrane by the cavity is smaller, and thus the ear blocking effect is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of acoustic noise reduction, in particular to an earplug and electronic equipment.
Background
Earplugs, such as noise-proof earplugs, sleep earplugs, etc., are commonly used to isolate external noise. When worn, the earplug needs to be plugged into the external auditory canal to isolate external sound. However, after wearing the earplug, an ear blocking effect will occur. The occlusion effect is a phenomenon in which when the external auditory meatus is blocked or plugged, the transmission mode of sound is changed, so that the volume of low-frequency sound is increased, and a person feels more clumsy and deep.
The generation of the occlusion effect is closely related to the bone conduction mechanism of sound and the acoustic properties of the skull itself. Normally, sounds in the human body (such as speech sounds, sounds of vibration of the mandible during mastication and vibrations generated by movement on a harder road surface) can be directly transmitted to the outside of the cochlea through the vibrations of the skull bone, and can also be transmitted into the outer ear through the middle ear structure such as the ossicular chain and the temporal drum part, so that vibrations of the cartilage part of the external auditory canal are caused, and normally, since this part of sound energy is dispersed from the open ear, this part of sound is not perceived by us. When the ear is blocked, the external auditory canal forms a closed cavity, the sound energy transmitted into the external auditory canal by the skull and ossicular chain cannot be normally diffused outwards, and additional sound pressure can be generated in the external auditory canal and can reach the inner ear through an air conduction mechanism. Because vibration of the cartilage part of the external auditory canal is mainly limited to a low frequency range from 250Hz to 500Hz, the hearing threshold of the frequency range is reduced, and sound heard in the frequency range is amplified, so that breathing sound and heartbeat sound of the user can be heard more clearly after the ears are blocked.
At present, the effect of blocking the ear caused by products such as an earphone and a hearing aid can be avoided by adding a vent hole to the earphone and the hearing aid or putting the tail end of the device deep into the external auditory meatus. However, the earplug cannot be used in these ways because the addition of the vent holes greatly reduces the sound insulation effect of the earplug, and the earplug is easy to wear due to the penetration into the external auditory meatus, and because of individual differences, the earplug often needs to be customized specifically for individuals. These two points make the ear blocking effect of the earplug problematic.
The ear blocking effect of the earplug can enable a user to hear breathing and various bone conduction noises brought by the user, so that adverse effects are brought on noise reduction, and the problem to be solved is urgent.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide an earplug and electronic equipment, which can reduce the effect of blocking the ear.
To achieve the above object, the present application proposes an earplug comprising: an earplug head and an earplug cavity.
The ear plug is provided with a vent hole;
the earplug cavity is connected with the earplug head and comprises a cavity communicated with the vent hole.
Further, the earplug comprises a sound absorption block arranged in the vent hole, the sound absorption block is provided with an acoustic resistance structure, and the thickness of the sound absorption block is 0.5 mm-5 mm.
Further, the thickness of the sound absorption block is 1-1.5 mm.
Further, the diameter of the vent hole is 1 mm-6 mm, the length is 5 mm-40 mm, and the volume of the cavity is 10 - 6 m 3 ~2х10 -5 m 3 。
Further, the diameter of the vent hole is 4-5 mm, the length is 25-35 mm, and the volume of the cavity is 3 х 10 - 6 m 3 ~10 -5 m 3 。
Further, the sound absorption block is made of porous materials or slit materials. The sound absorption block comprises a hole or a slit, and a side wall of the sound absorption block connected with the vent hole.
Further, the sound absorption block is made of sponge, foam, polyester fiber, aerogel or foam metal.
Further, the sound absorption block is arranged at a position between the middle part of the vent hole and the earplug cavity.
Further, the earplug cavity is attached to the auricle, and at least the surface attached to the auricle of the earplug cavity is matched with the shape of the auricle.
Further, the earplug head comprises a column part and an annular fin arranged on the periphery of the column part, wherein the annular fin is used for being attached to an external auditory canal.
Further, the earplug head includes a plurality of annular flaps aligned along the axis of the post, the annular flaps having a smaller size closer to the interior of the external auditory canal.
Further, the earplug head and the earplug cavity are integrally formed or detachably connected.
In another aspect, the application provides an electronic device comprising an earplug as defined in any one of the preceding claims.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects: in the application, the earplug is provided with the earplug head used for being plugged into the external auditory canal and the earplug cavity positioned outside the external auditory canal, the earplug head and the earplug cavity cooperate to play a good sound insulation role, meanwhile, the earplug head is provided with the vent hole communicated with the cavity of the earplug cavity, and the vent hole can generate viscous effect so as to absorb the energy of sound waves, so that the energy reflected to the tympanic membrane by the cavity is smaller, and thus the ear blocking effect is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an earplug of one embodiment of the application.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the earplug shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along section line A-A in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the sound absorption coefficient of an earplug for a silence material.
Fig. 5 is a front view of another embodiment earplug.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in fig. 5.
Figure 7 is a simplified diagram of a model of the external auditory canal, vent and cavity of the present application.
Fig. 8 is a graph of the sound absorption coefficient of an earplug versus the thickness of an acoustically resistive material.
Fig. 9 is a graph of equivalent density of a Bai-Jia PET standard board.
Fig. 10 is a graph of equivalent sound velocity for a Bai-Jia PET standard plate.
FIG. 11 is a graph of the real impedance of the overall impedance of the earplug with different acoustic impedance material thicknesses.
Fig. 12 is a graph of the impedance imaginary part of the overall impedance of the earplug with different acoustic resistive material thicknesses.
Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the structure of a sound absorbing block provided with small holes according to one embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing the structure of a sound absorbing block provided with slits according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 15 is a graph comparing sound absorption coefficient curves when acoustic resistive material is placed at different positions of the vent.
Fig. 16 is a graph of sound absorption coefficient when the cavity is cylindrical and spherical.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the application will be readily understood, a more particular description of the application will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the application. It should be further noted that, for convenience of description, only some, but not all of the structures related to the present application are shown in the drawings. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the application without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the application.
The terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof herein are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not limited to only those listed steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Reference herein to "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of the application. The appearances of such phrases in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Those of skill in the art will explicitly and implicitly appreciate that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, an earplug according to a preferred embodiment of the application comprises an earplug head 1 and an earplug cavity 2.
When the earplug is worn, the earplug head 1 is plugged into the external auditory canal of a human body, and the outer surface 13 of the earplug head 1 is attached to the skin on the surface of the external auditory canal. The earplug cavity 2 is positioned outside the external auditory meatus, is shielded outside the ear, and can prevent external sound from entering the human ear, thereby playing a sound insulation role in cooperation with the earplug head 1. Because the earplug cavity 2 positioned outside the external auditory meatus is additionally arranged, compared with the traditional earplug, the earplug has better sound insulation effect. It will be appreciated that the greater the wall thickness of the earplug cavity 2, the better the sound insulation effect will generally be. Since the earplug cavity 2 is located outside the external auditory meatus, the design space of the wall thickness thereof is larger.
The earplug head 1 and the earplug cavity 2 are preferably made of soft materials such as rubber or silica gel.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the earplug head 1 includes a post 11 and an annular fin 12 provided on the outer periphery of the post 11, and the annular fin 12 functions to fit the external auditory meatus. Because the external auditory canal of the human ear is not a regular channel, and the external auditory canal shapes of the human and the human are different, the design of the annular wing piece 12 effectively enables the earplug to be personalized according to the different external auditory canal shapes when the earplug is worn, so that the earplug is more tightly attached to the skin of the external auditory canal, and the wing piece is arranged, so that the gap between the earplug head 1 and the external auditory canal can be reduced, and the external sound is effectively isolated; meanwhile, the firmness of the earplug and the human ear is improved, so that the worn earplug is not easy to slide off from the human ear.
Preferably, the earplug head 1 includes a plurality of annular fins 12 arranged along the axis 110 of the pillar portion 11, and the size of the annular fins 12 is smaller as it approaches the inside of the external auditory meatus, so that it is easier to insert the earplug head 1 into the external auditory meatus and the sound insulation effect is improved. The outer contour of the cross section of the post 11 and the annular fin 12 is preferably circular.
Referring to fig. 3, the earplug head 1 is provided with a vent 10 and the earplug cavity 2 is provided with a cavity 20 communicating with said vent 10. Because the space of the external auditory canal is smaller, the vent hole 10 is in a slender hole shape, and the wall 101 of the vent hole 10 can generate a viscous effect of a boundary layer, so that a certain acoustic resistance effect is brought, and the vent hole 10 and the viscous effect of the wall of the vent hole can generate a certain sound absorption effect. The sound wave in the body transmitted from the skull and middle ear to the earplug enters the earplug cavity 2 through the vent hole 10, then enters the vent hole 10 after being reflected by the inner wall 200 of the cavity 20 of the earplug cavity 2, although part of the sound wave is reflected back to the tympanic membrane, the energy of the sound wave is reduced due to the sound absorption effect of the vent hole 10, and thus the ear blocking effect caused by wearing the earplug is improved.
As shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 shows a graph of the sound absorption coefficient of an earplug of one embodiment of the application. As can be seen from the figure, the sound absorption coefficient of the vent 10 can reach more than 0.1 in the frequency range of about 250 to 500 hz.
It should be noted that while the viscous effect improves the occlusion effect, some of the in vivo sound waves from the skull and middle ear are reflected back to the tympanic membrane, producing an occlusion effect. In order to further improve the ear blocking effect, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, as a preferred embodiment, the earplug includes a sound absorbing block 3 disposed in the vent 10, and the sound absorbing block 3 is provided with an acoustic resistance structure, which can effectively perform the sound absorbing function. When sound waves in the body pass through the sound absorption block 3 in the vent holes 10, a large amount of energy can be absorbed by the sound absorption block 3, and further, when sound waves entering the cavity 20 are reflected to pass through the sound absorption block 3, a large amount of energy can be absorbed, so that the energy of sound waves reflected to the tympanic membrane is greatly reduced, and the ear blocking effect is effectively improved.
As shown in FIG. 7, FIG. 7 shows a simplified model of the earplug and the external auditory canal, from right to left, the earplug cavity 2, the vent 10 and the external auditory canal 4, respectively, the cavity 20 of the earplug cavity 2 having a volume V filled with air having a density and sound velocity ofρ 0 ，c 0 . The joint of the earplug cavity 2 and the vent hole 10 is filled with an acoustic resistance material (namely, the sound absorption block 3), the right end face 3a of the sound absorption block 3 is level with the inner surface of the cavity 20, and the equivalent density and the equivalent sound velocity are as followsρ 1 ，c 1 Thickness of isl 1 . The left side of the acoustic resistance material is the rest part 10a of the vent hole 10, the rest part 10a is filled with air, and the density and the acoustic velocity of the air are as followsρ 0 ，c 0 The length of the remaining portion 10a isl 0 . Cross-sectional area of vent holeS 1 . The left side of the vent hole 10 is communicated with the external auditory canal 4, the external auditory canal 4 is filled with air, and the air density and the sound velocity areρ 0 ，c 0 The external auditory meatus 4 has a cross-sectional area ofS 0 。
The impedance of the sound absorption block 3 is reflected to the ear-in end of the vent hole 10 (i.e. the left end of the vent hole 10 in fig. 7), the law of which can be calculated according to the impedance transfer formula, and the acoustic impedance at the right end face 3a of the sound absorption block 3 is Z a0 。
Wherein->，/>Is the angular frequency of the sound wave,fis the frequency of the sound wave and,jis an imaginary symbol.
Transfer to interfaceZ a1 Where acoustic impedance isWhereink 1 For wave number, < >>，fIs the frequency of the sound wave and,jis an imaginary symbol.
Transfer to interfaceZ a2 Where acoustic impedance isWhereink 0 For wave number, < >>，fIs the frequency of the sound wave and,jis an imaginary symbol.
The resonant frequency and the length of the vent 10 can be determined according to the formulal 0 +l 1 ) Cross-sectional area of vent 10S 1 And the size of the cavity 20. The length of the vent 10 affects the resonant frequency, and the longer the vent 10, the lower the resonant frequency, as a preferred embodiment, the length of the vent 10 [ ]l 0 +l 1 ) And the thickness can be selected to be 5 mm-40 mm. Cross-sectional area of vent 10S 1 Regarding the size of the vent hole 10, in a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the vent hole 10 is preferably 1mm to 6mm, and the smaller the cross-sectional area S1 of the vent hole 10, the lower the resonance frequency. The cavity 20 of the earplug cavity 2 is preferably 10 in size -6 m 3 ~2х10 -5 m 3 The larger the cavity 20, the lower the resonant frequency.
In order to increase the comfort of wearing the earplug for a long time, as a preferred embodiment, the diameter of the vent hole 10 is 4-5 mm, the length is 25-35 mm, and the volume of the cavity 20 is 3 х 10 -6 m 3 ~10 -5 m 3 This scheme has taken into account sound insulation effect and travelling comfort.
The thickness of the sound absorption block 3 has a large influence on improvement of the blocking effect, and as a preferred embodiment, the thickness of the sound absorption block 3 is 0.5 to 5mm, more preferably 1 to 1.5mm, still more preferably 1.2mm.
As shown in fig. 8, fig. 8 shows a graph of sound absorption coefficients of earplugs corresponding to sound absorption blocks 3 of different thicknesses. The earplug has the same parameters except the thickness variation of the sound absorption block 3, and specifically, the diameter of the vent hole is 3 mm, and the sectional area s1= 7.0686e-6 m 2 The diameter of the external auditory canal is 7 mm, the sectional areaS 0 =3.8485e-5 m 2 Air density ofρ 0 =1.21 kg/ m 3 ，c 0 Volume of cavity 20 =343 m/sV=6.2832e-6 m 3 The acoustic resistance material is a standard plate of Bai-Jia PET polyester fiber board, and the equivalent density is shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, and is shown in FIG. 9ρ 1 Is shown in FIG. 10, which shows the equivalent sound velocityc 1 Is a graph of (2); total thickness of vent 10 and acoustic resistive materiall 0 +l 1 =0.015 m。
As can be seen from fig. 8, in the frequency range of 250hz to 500hz, the sound absorption coefficients of the earplugs with the sound absorption blocks 3 with thicknesses of 0.5mm, 1.2mm, 2mm and 5mm are all more than 0.5, and the sound absorption coefficient when the sound absorption blocks 3 are not arranged is far more than that when the sound absorption blocks 3 are not arranged, so that the effect of blocking the ears can be greatly improved. When the thickness of the sound absorption block 3 is 1.2mm, the sound absorption coefficient is higher than 0.85 for the frequency band of 250 Hz-500 Hz, and the sound absorption coefficient is close to 1 near the resonance frequency, and the effect is better than other thickness values, so that when the thickness of the sound absorption block 3 is 1-1.5 mm, the ear blocking effect can be further improved.
From the above formula, the interfaceZ a2 Equivalent density of acoustic impedance and sound absorption block 3ρ 1 Equivalent sound velocityc 1 And a thickness ofl 1 Relatedly, the thickness can be adjusted for different materialsl 1 To adjust the overall impedance. When the interface isZ a2 When the real part of the acoustic impedance is equal to that of air and the imaginary part is close to 0, the external auditory meatus, the vent hole 10 and the cavity 20 are in impedance matching and are in an optimal state, and the sound wave transmitted from the body is completely absorbed at the moment, no reflected energy exists, and the blocking effect is completely eliminated。
As shown in fig. 11 and 12, fig. 11 is a graph showing the real part of the impedance of the earplug as a whole, which is shown when the thickness of the sound absorption block 3 is 0.5mm, 1.2mm, 2mm and 5mm, respectively, and other parameters of the earplug can be referred to the parameters of the earplug corresponding to fig. 8 above. Fig. 12 shows a graph of the imaginary part of the overall impedance of the earplug. As can be seen from fig. 11, when the thickness of the sound absorption block 3 is 1.2mm, the impedance is closest to the impedance required for matching, the mismatch of the impedance is caused by the thickness deviation, and the optimum value can be reached around 1.2mm. It will be appreciated that the optimum value is for the PET-standard sheet only, and that if other materials are used instead, the corresponding equivalent density ρ1 and equivalent sound velocity c1 will vary to give rise to an optimum thicknessl 1 Is a variation of (c). When the imaginary impedance is 0, the whole structure resonates, and as can be seen from fig. 12, the total thickness of the vent holes 10 and the sound absorption block 3 is maintainedl 0 +l 1 The thickness of the sound absorption block 3 was changed with =0.015 m unchangedl 1 The influence on the resonance frequency is not great.
In some embodiments, the sound absorption block 3 is made of a porous material, and pores in the porous material are acoustic resistance structures of the sound absorption block 3, and the porous material can be, for example, sponge, foam, polyester fiber, aerogel or other foaming materials, and can also be foam metal such as foam aluminum, foam nickel and the like, and tiny pores in the porous material can effectively increase acoustic resistance and consume energy of acoustic waves, so that the sound absorption effect is achieved.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 13, the sound absorbing block 3 is provided with holes 30, and the number of holes 30 is preferably plural and penetrates both ends of the sound absorbing block 3. Preferably, the holes 30 are distributed in an array, and the shape of the holes 30 is not limited, and may be circular, rectangular, triangular, or the like, for example. When sound waves pass through the holes 30, the holes 30 can absorb part of the energy of the sound waves, thereby playing a sound absorption role. For example, the sound absorbing block 3 may be provided in a net structure to form a plurality of holes 30.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 14, the sound absorption block 3 is provided with slits 31, and the number of slits 31 is preferably plural and penetrates both ends of the sound absorption block 3. When the sound wave passes through the slit 31, the slit 31 can absorb a part of the energy of the sound wave, thereby playing a sound absorption effect. It will be appreciated that the sound absorbing block 3 may be provided with both the holes 30 and the slits 31.
Obviously, other structures may be used to form the acoustic resistance structure of the sound absorption block 3, in addition to the internal holes, holes 30 and slits 31 as the acoustic resistance structure of the sound absorption block 3, as long as the acoustic energy can be consumed.
Due to the length of the vent 10l 0 +l 1 ) The sound absorption block is small, and the frequency range 250 Hz-500 Hz is concerned with being positioned at a low frequency, so that the arrangement position of the sound absorption block 3 has little influence on the overall sound absorption effect. As shown in fig. 15, fig. 15 is a graph of the sound absorption coefficient of the whole when the position of the sound absorption block 3 from the end of the vent hole 10 is changed, the end of the vent hole 10 referring to the end of the vent hole 10 connected to the cavity 20. As can be seen from fig. 15, for the frequency range of 250 to 500hz, there is little variation in sound absorption performance from 800 to Hz in the case where the sound absorption block 3 is disposed at the end of the vent hole 10 (i.e., the right end of the vent hole 10 in fig. 7), at a position 5mm from the end, and at a position 10mm from the end. In practice, at the length of the vent 10<50 In the case of mm, the sound absorption effect is not greatly affected by the placement of the acoustic resistive material at any position within the vent 10.
As a preferred embodiment, the sound absorbing block 3 is arranged in a position between the middle of the ventilation hole 10 and the earplug cavity 2. Because the earplug head 1 needs to extend into the external auditory canal when the earplug is worn, when the sound absorption block 3 is arranged at the position between the middle part of the vent hole 10 and the earplug cavity 2, the earplug head 1 is easier to deform and is more suitable for wearing. It is further preferable that the sound absorbing block 3 is disposed at the end of the ventilation hole 10, thereby increasing the convenience of wearing and the comfort of the human ear after wearing.
The shape of the earplug cavity 2 hardly influences the sound absorption effect. As shown in fig. 16, fig. 16 shows that the volume v= 6.2832e-6m in the cavity 20 3 Unchanged, the sound absorption coefficient profile of an earplug with a cylindrical cavity 20 and an earplug with a spherical cavity 20. As can be seen from fig. 16, the sound absorbing system in both casesThe number curves are almost completely identical. The shape of the earplug cavity 2 hardly influences the sound absorption effect and can be designed into common shapes such as a cylinder shape, a sphere shape and the like.
As a preferred embodiment, the earplug cavity 2 is arranged in a manner of being fit with the auricle, and at least the surface 21 of the earplug cavity 2, which is fit with the auricle, is adapted to the shape of the auricle.
The manner in which the earplug head 1 and the earplug cavity 2 are connected is not limited, and in some embodiments, the earplug head 1 and the earplug cavity 2 are integrally formed. In other embodiments, the earplug head 1 and the earplug cavity 2 are configured for removable connection, such as by snap-fit, threaded connection, etc.
The application also proposes an electronic device comprising an earplug as described above. The electronic device may be, for example, an earphone, a hearing aid or other electronic device.
The foregoing is merely exemplary of the application and other modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the application.
Claims (12)
1. An earplug, comprising:
the plug head (1) is provided with a vent hole (10), the diameter of the vent hole (10) is 1 mm-6 mm, and the length of the vent hole is 5 mm-40 mm; the method comprises the steps of,
the earplug cavity (2) is connected with the earplug head (1), the earplug cavity (2) comprises a cavity (20) communicated with the vent hole (10), the cavity (20) is communicated with the outside only through the vent hole (10), the cavity (20) is filled with air, and the volume of the cavity (20) is 10 -6 m 3 ~2х10 -5 m 3 ；
When the earplug is worn, the earplug head (1) is plugged into the external auditory canal, the earplug cavity (2) is positioned outside the external auditory canal, the earplug head (1) and the earplug cavity (2) are matched to play a role in sound insulation, and the vent hole (10) can generate viscous effect to absorb the energy of sound waves, so that the energy reflected to the tympanic membrane by the cavity (20) is smaller, and therefore the ear blocking effect is improved.
2. Earplug according to claim 1, characterized in that the earplug comprises a sound absorption block (3) arranged in the vent hole (10), the sound absorption block (3) is provided with an acoustic resistance structure, and the thickness of the sound absorption block (3) is 0.5 mm-5 mm.
3. Earplug according to claim 2, characterized in that the thickness of the sound absorbing block (3) is 1-1.5 mm.
4. Earplug according to claim 1, characterized in that the vent hole (10) has a diameter of 4-5 mm and a length of 25-35 mm, the cavity (20) having a volume of 3 х 10 -6 m 3 ~10 -5 m 3 。
5. Earplug according to claim 2, characterized in that the sound absorbing block (3) is made of a porous material; or,
the sound absorption block (3) is provided with holes (30) and/or slits (31) penetrating through two ends of the sound absorption block.
6. Earplug according to claim 2, characterized in that the material of the sound absorbing block (3) is sponge, foam, polyester fiber, aerogel or metal foam.
7. Earplug according to claim 2, characterized in that the sound absorbing block (3) is arranged in a position between the middle of the vent hole (10) and the earplug cavity (2).
8. The earplug according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the earplug cavity (2) is arranged in abutment with an auricle, at least a surface (21) of the earplug cavity (2) in abutment with the auricle being adapted to the shape of the auricle.
9. The earplug according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the earplug head (1) comprises a stem portion (11) and an annular flap (12) provided at the outer periphery of the stem portion (11), the annular flap (12) being adapted to fit the external auditory canal.
10. The earplug according to claim 9, wherein the earplug head (1) comprises a plurality of annular flaps (12) arranged along the axis of the post (11), the dimensions of the annular flaps (12) being smaller nearer the interior of the external auditory canal.
11. The earplug according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the earplug head (1) and the earplug cavity (2) are integrally formed or detachably connected.
12. An electronic device comprising an earplug according to any one of claims 1 to 11.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310775100.0A CN116492138B (en) | 2023-06-28 | 2023-06-28 | Earplug and electronic equipment |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310775100.0A CN116492138B (en) | 2023-06-28 | 2023-06-28 | Earplug and electronic equipment |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116492138A CN116492138A (en) | 2023-07-28 |
| CN116492138B true CN116492138B (en) | 2023-11-14 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202310775100.0A Active CN116492138B (en) | 2023-06-28 | 2023-06-28 | Earplug and electronic equipment |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4540063A (en) * | 1983-08-03 | 1985-09-10 | Park Trading Co., Ltd. | Sound wave attenuation device |
| US5113967A (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1992-05-19 | Etymotic Research, Inc. | Audibility earplug |
| CN101795647A (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2010-08-04 | 优维斯劳动保护有限公司 | Ear plug |
| CN205902034U (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-18 | 广州市立伟电子有限公司 | High -fidelity bluetooth headset |
| CN107613444A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-01-19 | 奥迪康有限公司 | Audiphone |
| CN207638829U (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-07-20 | 江阴思安塑胶防护科技有限公司 | Muffler and noise reduction earplug including it |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2016168645A1 (en) * | 2015-04-16 | 2016-10-20 | JMJ Holdings, LLC | Sound attenuation |
| WO2017147545A1 (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-31 | Avnera Corporation | In-the-ear automatic-noise-reduction devices, assemblies, components, and methods |
| WO2018071201A1 (en) * | 2016-10-12 | 2018-04-19 | Fader Plugs, LLC | Hearing protection devices and attenuation button for same |
-
2023
- 2023-06-28 CN CN202310775100.0A patent/CN116492138B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4540063A (en) * | 1983-08-03 | 1985-09-10 | Park Trading Co., Ltd. | Sound wave attenuation device |
| US5113967A (en) * | 1990-05-07 | 1992-05-19 | Etymotic Research, Inc. | Audibility earplug |
| CN101795647A (en) * | 2007-09-07 | 2010-08-04 | 优维斯劳动保护有限公司 | Ear plug |
| CN107613444A (en) * | 2016-07-12 | 2018-01-19 | 奥迪康有限公司 | Audiphone |
| CN205902034U (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2017-01-18 | 广州市立伟电子有限公司 | High -fidelity bluetooth headset |
| CN207638829U (en) * | 2017-09-30 | 2018-07-20 | 江阴思安塑胶防护科技有限公司 | Muffler and noise reduction earplug including it |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116492138A (en) | 2023-07-28 |
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