CN116489704A

CN116489704A - Method for transmitting data

Info

Publication number: CN116489704A
Application number: CN202210040892.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙亮; 郑述乾; 龚兆明
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-01-14
Filing date: 2022-01-14
Publication date: 2023-07-25
Also published as: WO2023134512A1

Abstract

The application provides a method of transmitting data. The method comprises the following steps: the sending end device maps the service data into the data frame and sends the data frame to the receiving end device. The data frame comprises an overhead area and a payload area, the overhead area is used for bearing the overhead of the data frame, and the payload area comprises a first indication field, and the first indication field is used for indicating that an object borne by each time slot is data or padding. The method for transmitting data can divide the higher-order containers with different rates and different structures into the time slot bandwidths with the same rate, can more effectively support the service transmission with small bandwidth, and reduces the transmission delay.

Description

Method for transmitting data

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of optical communications technologies, and in particular, to a method for transmitting data.

Background

With the development of informatization and clouding, special lines and video service bearing demands are more and more vigorous. The customer service features small bandwidth and large quantity, and requires simple and quick bandwidth flexible adjustment. Optical transport networks (optical transport network, OTN) are widely deployed on trunks, metropolitan cores and metropolitan edges, with the natural advantages of high quality, large capacity, and wide coverage. Therefore, adding small particle pipelines in OTN networks provides finer granularity of time slots and a more compact bandwidth lossless adjustment mechanism to carry high quality connections has become the current hotspot direction.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a data transmission method which can provide low-delay data transmission for small-bandwidth service transmission.

In a first aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method for transmitting data. The method may be performed by the transmitting device or by a component of the transmitting device (e.g., a chip or a system-on-chip, etc.), which is not limited in this application. The method comprises the following steps: mapping the service data into a data frame and transmitting the data frame. The data frame comprises an overhead area and a payload area, the overhead area is used for bearing the overhead of the data frame, the payload area comprises a first indication field, and the first indication field is used for indicating that an object borne by each time slot is data or padding.

Based on the above scheme, the method for transmitting data provided by the embodiment of the application indicates the object carried by each time slot through the first indication field in the payload area, so that a service data channel with small bandwidth can be realized, and the bandwidth can be flexibly defined according to different scene requirements, thereby providing a better pipeline for customer service.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the rate of the time slot ranges from 2M to 100M.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the payload area includes N periods, and the first indication field includes N second indication fields. The first indication field is configured to indicate that an object carried by each time slot is data or padding, and includes: each bit of one second indication field in the N second indication fields is used for indicating that an object carried by each time slot in a period corresponding to the second indication field in the N periods is data or padding. The bit length of the second indication field is equal to the number of time slots included in a corresponding one of the N periods.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the payload area includes N periods, the first indication field includes N second indication fields, and each of the second indication fields includes start slot position indication information. The first indication field is configured to indicate that an object carried by each time slot is data or padding, and includes: and determining a first position, wherein the first position is a starting time slot position in a period corresponding to one second indication field in the N periods indicated by a first bit in the second indication field in the N second indication fields determined based on the starting time slot position indication information. Each bit in the second indication field is used for indicating that an object carried by each time slot in a period corresponding to the second indication field in the N periods from the first position is data or padding. The bit length of the second indication field is smaller than the number of time slots included in the period corresponding to the second indication field in the N periods.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementation manners of the first aspect, the first indication field is further used for correcting a transmission error of the second indication field, and the first indication field further includes an error correction code, where the error correction code is used for correcting the transmission error of the second indication field. Based on the error correction code, the embodiment of the application can improve the reliability of data transmission.

With reference to the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, an object carried by a slot within the period that is not indicated by the second indication field is data. Based on the scheme, the method for transmitting data provided by the embodiment of the application can indicate the object borne by the time slot as the data through the implicit indication, and can save transmission resources.

With reference to the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the data frame includes an optical transport network OTN frame or an optical service unit OSU frame.

In a second aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a method of transmitting data. The method may be performed by the receiving device or by a component of the receiving device (e.g., a chip or a system-on-chip, etc.), which is not limited in this application. The method comprises the following steps: and receiving a data frame, and demapping service data carried by the data frame, wherein the data frame comprises an overhead area and a payload area, the overhead area is used for carrying overhead of the data frame, the payload area comprises a first indication field, and the first indication field is used for indicating that an object carried by each time slot is data or filling.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the rate of the time slot ranges from 2M to 100M.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the payload area includes N periods, and the first indication field includes N second indication fields. The first indication field is configured to indicate that an object carried by each time slot is data or padding, and includes: each bit of one second indication field in the N second indication fields is used for indicating that an object carried by each time slot in a period corresponding to the second indication field in the N periods is data or padding. The bit length of the second indication field is equal to the number of time slots included in a corresponding one of the N periods.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the payload area includes N periods, the first indication field includes N second indication fields, and the second indication fields include starting slot position indication information. The first indication field is configured to indicate that an object carried by each time slot is data or padding, and includes: and determining a first position, wherein the first position is a starting time slot position in a period corresponding to one second indication field in the N periods indicated by a first bit in the second indication field in the N second indication fields determined based on the starting time slot position indication information. Each bit in the second indication field is used for indicating that an object carried by each time slot in a period corresponding to the second indication field in the N periods from the first position is data or padding. The bit length of the second indication field is smaller than the number of time slots included in the period corresponding to the second indication field in the N periods.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the first indicator field is further configured to correct a transmission error of the second indicator field, and the first indicator field further includes an error correction code configured to correct the transmission error of the second indicator field.

With reference to the second aspect, in some implementations of the second aspect, an object carried by a slot within the period that is not indicated by the second indication field is data.

With reference to the second aspect, in certain implementations of the second aspect, the data frame includes an OTN frame or an OSU frame.

In a third aspect, embodiments of the present application provide a chip comprising a processor and a communication interface for receiving data frames and transmitting to the processor or sending data frames to other communication devices than the communication device comprising the chip, the processor being configured to perform the method of the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations thereof, or to perform the method of the second aspect or any one of the possible implementations thereof.

In a fourth aspect, there is provided a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program (which may also be referred to as code, or instructions) which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations described above, or causes the computer to perform the method of the second aspect or any one of the possible implementations described above.

In a fifth aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising: a computer program (which may also be referred to as code, or instructions) which, when executed, causes a computer to perform the method of the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations described above, or causes a computer to perform the method of the second aspect or any one of the possible implementations described above.

The advantages of the second to fifth aspects may be specifically referred to the description of the advantages of the first aspect, and are not repeated here.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a possible application scenario according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of a possible hardware structure of a network device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a data frame structure of an optical transport network in the prior art.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a first optical transport network data frame structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a second optical transport network data frame structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 shows a byte-division diagram of one of the rows of the frame structure shown in fig. 5.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic frame structure of an optical data unit 0 frame according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic frame structure of an optical data unit 1 frame according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 shows a schematic frame structure of an optical data unit flex (3.75G) frame according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a third optical transport network data frame structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of a fourth optical transport network data frame structure according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 shows a byte-division diagram of one of the rows of the frame structure shown in fig. 11.

Fig. 13 shows a schematic frame structure of an optical service unit according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 14 is a flow chart of a method for transmitting data according to an embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 15 shows a schematic structural diagram of an OTN device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The following description is made in order to facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application.

The first, the text descriptions of embodiments of the application or the terms in the drawings shown below, "first," "second," "third," "fourth," etc. and various numerical numbers are merely for descriptive convenience and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence or to limit the scope of embodiments of the application. For example, to distinguish between different image sources or layers, etc.

The terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," in the context of the present application, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

Third, in the present application embodiments, the words "exemplary" or "such as" are used to mean examples, illustrations, or descriptions, and embodiments or designs described as "exemplary" or "such as" should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. The use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete fashion to facilitate understanding.

Fourth, in the present embodiment, the mathematical symbol "×" represents a multiplier number.

Fifth, in the embodiment of the present application, the service data refers to a service that can be carried by the optical transport network. For example, it may be an ethernet service, a packet service, a wireless backhaul service, etc. The traffic data may also be referred to as traffic signals, customer data or customer traffic data.

The embodiment of the application is applicable to optical networks, such as: OTN. An OTN is typically formed by connecting a plurality of devices through optical fibers, and may be configured to have different topology types such as linear, ring, mesh, etc., according to specific needs. The OTN100 shown in fig. 1 is composed of 8 OTN devices 101, i.e., devices a-H. Wherein 102 indicates an optical fiber for connecting two devices; 103 indicates a customer service interface for receiving or transmitting customer service data. As shown in fig. 1, the OTN100 is used to transmit traffic data for the client devices 1-3. The client device is connected with the OTN device through the client service interface. For example, in FIG. 1, client devices 1-3 are connected to OTN devices A, H, and F, respectively.

Depending on the actual needs, one OTN device may have different functions. Generally, OTN devices are classified into optical layer devices, electrical layer devices, and opto-electronic hybrid devices. An optical layer device refers to a device capable of processing an optical layer signal, such as: an optical amplifier (optical amplifier, OA), an optical add-drop multiplexer (OADM). OA may also be referred to as optical line amplifiers (optical line amplifier, OLA), and is primarily used to amplify optical signals to support transmission over greater distances while ensuring specific performance of the optical signals. OADM is used to spatially transform an optical signal so that it may be output from different output ports (sometimes also referred to as directions). An electrical layer device refers to a device capable of processing an electrical layer signal, such as: a device capable of processing OTN signals. An opto-electronic hybrid device refers to a device that has the capability to process both optical layer signals and electrical layer signals. It should be noted that, depending on the specific integration requirement, one OTN device may integrate a plurality of different functions. The technical scheme provided by the application is suitable for OTN equipment with different forms and integration levels and containing an electric layer function.

It should be noted that, the data frame structure used by the OTN device in the embodiment of the present application is an OTN frame, which is used for carrying various service data and providing rich management and monitoring functions. The OTN frame may be an optical data unit frame (Optical Data Unit k, ODUk), ODUCn, ODUflex, or an optical channel transmission unit k (optical transport unit k, OTUk), OTUCn, or flexible OTN (FlexO) frame, or the like. The ODU frame is different from the OTU frame in that the OTU frame includes an ODU frame and an OTU overhead. k represents different rate levels, e.g., k=1 represents 2.5Gbps and k=4 represents 100Gbps; cn represents a variable rate, in particular a rate that is a positive integer multiple of 100 Gbps. Unless specifically stated, an ODU frame refers to any one of ODUk, ODUCn, or ODUflex, and an OTU frame refers to any one of OTUk, OTUCn, or FlexO. It should also be noted that as OTN technology evolves, new types of OTN frames may be defined, as well as being suitable for use in the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a possible hardware architecture of a network device. For example, device a in fig. 1. Specifically, the OTN device 200 includes a tributary board 201, a cross board 202, a circuit board 203, an optical layer processing board (not shown in the figure), and a system control and communication-like board 204. The types and numbers of boards included in the network device may be different depending on the particular needs. For example, the network device as a core node does not have a tributary board 201. As another example, a network device that is an edge node has multiple tributary boards 201, or no optical cross boards 202. For another example, a network device that supports only electrical layer functions may not have an optical layer processing board.

The tributary board 201, the cross board 202 and the wiring board 203 are used to process the electrical layer signals of the OTN. The tributary board 201 is used to implement reception and transmission of various customer services, such as SDH service, packet service, ethernet service, and forwarding service, among others. Still further, the tributary board 201 may be divided into a client side transceiver module and a signal processor. The client-side transceiver module may also be referred to as an optical transceiver, for receiving and/or transmitting traffic data. The signal processor is used for realizing the mapping and demapping processing of the business data to the data frame. The cross board 202 is used to implement exchange of data frames, and exchange of one or more types of data frames is completed. The line board 203 mainly realizes processing of line-side data frames. Specifically, the wiring board 203 may be divided into a line-side optical module and a signal processor. The line-side optical module may be referred to as an optical transceiver, for receiving and/or transmitting data frames. The signal processor is used for multiplexing and demultiplexing data frames at the line side or mapping and demapping processing. The system control and communication class board 204 is used to implement system control. Specifically, information may be collected from different boards, or control instructions may be sent to corresponding boards. It should be noted that, unless specifically stated otherwise, a specific component (e.g., a signal processor) may be one or more, and the present application is not limited. It should also be noted that the present application does not limit the type of boards included in the device and the functional design and number of boards. It should be noted that, in a specific implementation, the two boards may also be designed as one board. In addition, the network device may also include a power supply for backup, a fan for heat dissipation, and the like.

With the advent of the 5 th generation fixed network (Fifth Generation Fixed Network, abbreviated as F5G), the demand for dedicated line services in different scenarios is gradually refined, for example, industry production networks, high quality user terminals, etc., and the demand for high quality connections is increasing. These customer services are characterized by small bandwidth and large number, requiring simple and fast bandwidth flexible adjustment. Currently, small particle traffic is carried in OTNs using optical service unit (optical service unit, OSU) frames. The process is based on a mapping mode of a flexible tributary unit (flexible tributary unit, TUflex), namely, by mapping and encapsulating multi-path services into multi-path OSUs respectively, different OSUs correspond to different TUflex, and then multiplexing the multi-path TUflex into an optical payload unit (optical payload unit, OPU) frame.

In a time division multiplexing (time division multiplexing, TDM) scheme, each traffic channel performs periodic data transmission according to a high-order defined slot bit width, where OSU slot bit width is 192 bytes and the data transmission period is 148us for a 10.4Mbit/s pipe.

Although the high-efficiency bearing of the services with different granularity of 2M to 100Gbps can be realized by introducing an OSU technology. But for some smaller bandwidth traffic signals, for example for a 10M client signal, when the 10M client signal is mapped to an OSU pipe of 10.4Mbit/s, it is necessary to buffer about 185 bytes of client signal data before transmission, which takes about 148us, resulting in a significant increase in the time for client signal transmission. Furthermore, for a 10.4Mbit/s slot bandwidth of the OSU, there may even be a delay of 148us for one transmission cycle in the process of forwarding the received input slot data to the designated transmission egress slot when the intermediate node performs TDM switching.

Therefore, the current TDM scheduling scheme based on the 192 byte slot bit width of OSU has the problem of large transmission delay of the small bandwidth client signal. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the embodiment redefines a scheme of small time slot bit width of a data frame based on the current OTN frame structure and OSU frame structure, so as to reduce the time delay of the OTN device for transmitting the small bandwidth service in the TDM manner.

Fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of a frame structure of an OTN frame in the prior art. In fig. 3, the frame structure of the OTN is a single byte structure of 4 rows by 3824 columns, where the first 4 rows by 16 columns are overhead areas of the OTN frame and the remaining bytes are payload areas of the OTN frame.

Based on the OTN frame shown in fig. 3, fig. 4 shows a first OTN frame structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. The OTN frame structure is an OTN frame structure with a 16 byte slot bit width. As shown in fig. 4, the frame structure of the OTN frame is represented as a 16-byte structure of 4 rows by 239 columns. Wherein the OTN frame structure is divided into 4 rows, each row being divided into 239 16 bytes. Wherein the first 4 rows by 1 columns are defined as overhead areas. The last 4 rows x 238 columns are defined as payload areas. In the payload area of the OTN frame structure shown in fig. 4, the first two columns, i.e., 4*2 columns, of 4 rows×238 columns of the payload area, 128 bytes in total, are defined as a first indication field. The first indication field is used for indicating that the object carried by each time slot is data or padding. Each row of the first indicator field is defined as a second indicator field, and each row of the payload area is formed into a cycle except for the total length of other bytes of the second indicator field. Thus, according to the above definition, it can be known that in the OTN frame shown in fig. 4, there are 4 second indication fields and 4 periods. Specifically, each second indication field is used to indicate that an object carried by each time slot included in the period of the corresponding row is data or padding.

Optionally, fig. 5 shows a second OTN frame structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 5, the first indicator field may further include an error correction code (error correction code, ECC) for correcting transmission errors of the second indicator field.

Next, a specific description will be given of a case where the second indication field indicates an object carried by each slot, in conjunction with the structural division of the second OTN frame shown in fig. 5.

Specifically, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of byte division of one row of the OTN frame structure shown in fig. 5. As shown in fig. 6, the first indication field of 32 bytes includes a second indication field of 236 bits and an ECC of 20 bits, wherein the length of the second indication field is equal to the number of slots indicated by the second indication field. In this embodiment of the present application, when the second indication field is defined as a valid data indication (valid data indication, VDI), that is, the VDI includes 236 bits, the number of bits of the VDI is the same as the number of slots included in the period, so each bit of the VDI can be in one-to-one correspondence with the slots included in the period, and it can be indicated that the object carried by the corresponding slot is data or padding at one time.

For example, for bit 1 of the VDI, when the value of bit 1 is 0, it indicates that the object carried by the corresponding slot of column 4 (or 16 bytes 4 in the frame structure shown in fig. 6, or 16 bytes 1 in the payload area) in the frame structure shown in fig. 6 is data. When the 1 st bit has a value of 1, it indicates that the object carried by the slot corresponding to the 4 th column in the frame structure shown in fig. 6 is filled. For bit 2 of the VDI, when the value of bit 2 is 0, it indicates that the object carried by the slot corresponding to column 2 of the payload area is data. When the value of the 2 nd bit is 1, the object carried by the time slot corresponding to the 2 nd column of the payload area is indicated to be filled. Likewise, for the VDI of other bits, the indication method of the 1 st bit or the 2 nd bit of the VDI according to the above example indicates the bearer of the corresponding timeslot, which is not repeated herein for simplicity of description.

Based on the time slot division of the OTN frame of fig. 4 or 5, assuming that 10M-level granularity of time slots are divided in ODUs, fig. 7 to 9 show numbers of 236 time slots per row defined by ODUs corresponding to different rates, respectively.

Wherein fig. 7 corresponds to ODU0, and as shown in fig. 7, the ODU0 is divided into 118 slots with granularity of 10M level. Fig. 8 corresponds to ODU1, which ODU1 is divided into 236 slots of 10M level granularity. Fig. 9 corresponds to ODUflex (3.75G), which ODUflex (3.75G) is divided into 354 slots of 10M level granularity.

Note that, in the ODU0 shown in fig. 7 and in the ODU1 shown in fig. 8, since the number of bits included in the VDI is greater than or equal to the number of slots in one period, when the VDI indicates the bearer of the slots in one OTN frame, there is no case of crossing the OTN frame. However, in the ODUflex (3.75G) shown in fig. 9, the bandwidth division period of the ODUflex (3.75G) is 354 slots with granularity of 10M, so the slot cycle indication of the OTN frame may be performed by using methods such as optical multiframe indication (optical multiple frame indication, OMFI) or slot cycle header indication, which is not limited in this application.

In addition, based on the time slot division of the OTN frame of fig. 4 or fig. 5, the embodiment of the present application also gives the number of 10M level time slots and the time slot rate supported by several typical ODUs, as shown in table 1 below.

TABLE 1

Based on the above scheme, in the small-bit-width small-particle scheme of the OTN frame in the embodiment of the present application, the high-order containers with different rates and different structures can be divided into the time slot bandwidths with the same rate level, so that the low time delay of transmission can be supported.

Based on the OTN frame shown in fig. 3, fig. 10 shows a third OTN frame structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. The OTN frame structure is an OTN frame structure with a slot bit width of 8 bytes. As shown in fig. 10, the frame structure of the OTN is represented as an 8-byte structure of 4 rows by 478 columns. Wherein the OTN frame structure is divided into 4 rows, each row being divided into 478 8 bytes. Wherein the first 4 rows by 2 columns are defined as overhead areas, i.e. data overhead areas of the OTN data frame. The last 4 rows x 476 columns are defined as payload areas, i.e. payload areas of OTN data frames. In the payload area of the OTN frame structure shown in fig. 10, the first 4 columns of 4 rows x 476 columns of the payload area, that is, 4*4 columns, are defined as a first indication field for indicating that the object carried in each slot is data or padding, for a total of 128 bytes. Each row of the first indicator field, defined as the second indicator field, is formed in one cycle with the total length of the other bytes of the second indicator field removed from each row of the payload area. Thus, according to the above definition, it can be known that in the OTN frame shown in fig. 10, there are 4 second indication fields and 4 periods, specifically, each second indication field is used to indicate that an object carried by each slot included in the period of the corresponding row is data or padding.

Optionally, fig. 11 shows a fourth OTN frame structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 11, the first indication field may further include ECC.

Next, a case where the second indication field indicates an object carried by each slot is specifically described with reference to the structural division of the fourth OTN frame shown in fig. 11.

Specifically, fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of byte division of one line of the OTN frame structure shown in fig. 11. As shown in fig. 12, the 32-byte first indication field includes a 237-bit second indication field and 19-bit ECC. Wherein the second indication field includes start time slot position indication information P occupying 1 bit, the start position indication information being used to indicate from which time slot in the period the time slot indicated by the bit of the second indication byte starts.

Illustratively, when the bit representing the start time slot position indication information P has a value of 1, in the data frame structure shown in fig. 12, the first bit of the second indication field is used to indicate the object carried by the 237 th time slot in the period.

It should be appreciated that the value of the starting time slot position indication information P may be arbitrarily chosen such that the second indication information may indicate the object carried by the time slot starting at any time slot within a period.

It should be noted that, in the structure shown in fig. 12, the embodiment of the present application defines the second indicator field as a VDI, that is, the VDI includes 237 bits.

For example, first, the value of the start time slot position indication information P is determined, if the value of the number of bits of the start time slot position indication information P is 0, that is, when the value of P is 0, for the 1 st bit of the VDI, when the value of the 1 st bit is 0, it indicates that the object carried by the time slot corresponding to the 7 th column in the frame structure shown in fig. 12 is data. When the 1 st bit has a value of 1, it indicates that the object carried by the slot corresponding to the 7 th column in the frame structure shown in fig. 12 is filled. If the value of the number of bits representing the start slot position indication information P is 1, that is, if the value of P is 236, the 1 st bit of the VDI is 0, which indicates that the object carried by the slot corresponding to the 242 th column in the frame structure shown in fig. 12 is data. When the 1 st bit has a value of 1, it indicates that the object carried by the corresponding slot of the 242 th column in the frame structure shown in fig. 12 is filled.

Likewise, for the VDI of other bits, the bearer of the corresponding timeslot may be indicated according to the indication method of the 1 st bit of the VDI in the above example, which is not described herein for simplicity of description.

In the structure shown in fig. 12, the bit length of the VDI is not equal to the number of slots included in the period. Of the 237-bit VDI, 236 bits are used to indicate the object carried by the slot, and 1 bit is used to indicate the start slot position indication information P. And one cycle includes 472 slots. Thus, each of the overall 472 slots may be indicated by a VDI in conjunction with TDM techniques.

Illustratively, during a first time period, the VDI is used to indicate an object carried in the first 236 time slots, and during a second time period, the VDI is used to indicate an object carried in the first 236 time slots.

It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the indication of each time slot may be understood as a direct indication or an implicit indication. When the number of bits of the VDI is the same as the number of slots contained in the period, it can be understood that each bit directly indicates the object carried by the corresponding slot. When the number of bits of the VDI is smaller than the number of slots included in the period, in a certain period of time, an object carried by a slot corresponding to the bit length in the VDI in the period may be indicated by the VDI, and the remaining slots are implicitly indicated as carrying data. I.e. during this period the time slots within the period not indicated by the VDI carry data.

Fig. 13 shows an OSU frame structure provided in an embodiment of the present application. The OSU frame structure is an OSU frame structure that is 16 byte slot bit wide. As shown in fig. 13, the structure is a division of small-bit wide slots in an OSU frame structure of 192 bytes. In this frame structure, a 16-byte slot bit wide mini-slot division is made from the 17 th byte to the 192 th byte in the payload area of the OSU.

Specifically, the overhead area of the data frame of the OSU is 7 bytes, the payload area of the data frame of the OSU includes a second overhead area, the second overhead area occupies 3 bytes in the payload area, the second overhead area includes VDI and ECC, wherein the number of bits of VDI is 11, the number of bits of ECC is 13, and the number of slots in a period is 11.

In the OSU frame structure as shown in this fig. 13, each bit of VDI is used to indicate that the bearer object of the corresponding slot in the cycle is data or padding. The indication method may refer to the indication manner of VDI in the OTN frame structure shown in fig. 6, which is not described herein.

In addition, for the OSU frame structure shown in fig. 13, the value of OMFI may take one value from 0 to n in one transmission, and cycle from 0 to n in different transmission periods, and when the slot bandwidths of n and OSU frames are given, the bandwidth of OSU may be calculated as (n+1) ×12×slot bandwidth.

It should be noted that, for an OSU frame structure of 192 bytes, division of 8-byte wide slots may be also used, and when division of 8-byte wide slots is used, the number of slots in a period is 22. At this time, a 22-bit VDI may be defined to indicate the bearer of the corresponding slot, which is the same as the indication procedure of fig. 13. Or define a VDI of 11 bits and a start slot position indication information of 1 bit to indicate an object carried by a slot in the period together, the process may refer to the related description in fig. 12, and will not be described herein.

Based on the scheme, the OSU can bear small particle service by dividing the small time slot bit width of the OSU frame structure, so that the service transmission delay of the small bandwidth is reduced.

Fig. 14 is a flow chart of a method for transmitting data provided in the present application. As shown in fig. 14, where the transmitting-end device may be an OTN device or may be performed by a component (e.g., a chip or a system-on-chip) of the OTN device. The receiving end device may be an OTN device or may be implemented by a component of the OTN device (e.g., a chip or a system-on-chip, etc.).

Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

s1401, the transmitting device maps the service data into a data frame.

Specifically, the transmitting device maps the service data to OTN frames of any one of the above-described fig. 4 to 12, or OSU frames of the above-described fig. 13.

S1402, the transmitting end device transmits the data frame to the receiving end device.

S1403, the receiving end device receives the data frame.

And S1404, the receiving end equipment demaps the service data carried by the data frame.

For example, if the data frame is an OSU data frame, the process of mapping the service data to the data frame by the transmitting end device is: and designating time slots of X positions in a time slot bandwidth period of a data frame according to the service data bandwidth to be used for bearing the service data, and performing rate adaptation between the time slots and the service data by using VDI fields corresponding to the X positions. The time slot bandwidth period is (n+1) ×12.

It should be understood that the data frame sent by the sending end device may be an OTN frame or an OSU frame, and when the sent data frame is an OTN frame, the OTN frame may be an OTN frame structure divided by a small-bit wide slot as in any of fig. 4 to 12. When the transmitted data frame is an OSU frame, the OSU frame may be an OSU frame structure of small-bit wide-slot division as in fig. 13 or other variants, which is not limited in this application.

Fig. 15 shows a schematic structural diagram of an OTN device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 15, the OTN device 1500 includes a processor 1510 and a transceiver 1520. The OTN device can be applied to both a transmitting end device and a receiving end device.

When applied to a sender device, the processor 1510 is configured to implement a method performed by the sender device in fig. 14, e.g., S1401, and the transceiver 1520 is configured to implement a method performed by the sender device in fig. 14, e.g., S1402. When applied to a receiving end device, the processor 1510 is configured to implement a method performed by the transmitting end device in fig. 14, e.g., S1403, and the transceiver 1520 is configured to implement a method performed by the transmitting end device in fig. 14, e.g., S1403. In implementation, the steps of the process flow may be performed by the sender device in fig. 14 by instructions in the form of integrated logic circuits of hardware or software in the processor 1510.

The processor 1501 in the embodiments of the present application may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, and may implement or execute the methods, steps and logic blocks disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor or the like. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be embodied directly in a hardware processor for execution, or in a combination of hardware and software elements in the processor for execution.

Further, the OTN device 1500 may include one or more processors 1510.

Optionally, the OTN device may further comprise a memory 1530, wherein program codes executed by the processor 1510 for implementing the above-described method may be stored in the memory 1530. The OTN device 1500 includes one or more memories 1530.

In particular, a memory 1530 may be coupled to the processor 1510. The coupling in the embodiments of the present application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units, or modules, which may be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms for information interaction between the devices, units, or modules. Alternatively, the processor 1510 may operate in conjunction with the memory 1530. The memory 1530 may be a nonvolatile memory such as a Hard Disk Drive (HDD) or the like, or may be a volatile memory (RAM) such as a random-access memory (RAM). Memory 1502 is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and that can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to such.

Based on the above embodiments, the present application further provides a computer storage medium. The storage medium has stored therein a software program which, when read and executed by one or more processors, performs the methods provided by any one or more of the embodiments described above. The computer storage medium may include: various media capable of storing program codes, such as a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

Based on the above embodiments, the present application further provides a chip. The chip comprises a processor for implementing the functions involved in any one or more of the embodiments described above, such as obtaining or processing data frames involved in the methods described above. Optionally, the chip further comprises a memory for the necessary program instructions and data to be executed by the processor. The chip may be formed by a chip, or may include a chip and other discrete devices.

It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present application fall within the scope of the claims and the equivalents thereof, the present application is intended to encompass such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A method of transmitting data, comprising:

mapping service data into a data frame, wherein the data frame comprises an overhead area and a payload area, the overhead area is used for bearing the overhead of the data frame, the payload area comprises a first indication field, and the first indication field is used for indicating that an object borne by each time slot is data or filling;

and transmitting the data frame.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the time slots have a rate in the range of 2-100M.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the payload area comprises N periods, and the first indication field comprises N second indication fields; the first indication field is configured to indicate that an object carried by each time slot is data or padding, and includes:

and each bit of one second indication field in the N second indication fields is used for indicating that an object carried by each time slot in a period corresponding to the second indication field in the N periods is data or filling, wherein the bit length of the second indication field is equal to the number of time slots included in the corresponding period in the N periods.

4. The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein the payload region comprises N periods, the first indication field comprises N second indication fields, each of the second indication fields comprises starting slot position indication information; the first indication field is configured to indicate that an object carried by each time slot is data or padding, and includes:

determining a first position, wherein the first position is a starting time slot position in a period corresponding to one second indication field in the N periods indicated by a first bit in the second indication field in the N second indication fields determined based on the starting time slot position indication information;

each bit in the second indication field is used for indicating that an object carried by each time slot in a period corresponding to the second indication field in the N periods from the first position is data or padding, wherein the bit length of the second indication field is smaller than the number of time slots included in the period corresponding to the second indication field in the N periods.

5. The method of claim 3 or 4, wherein the first indication field further comprises an error correction code for correcting transmission errors of the second indication field.

6. The method according to any of claims 1 to 5, wherein the data frames comprise optical transport network, OTN, frames or optical service unit, OSU, frames.

7. A method of transmitting data, comprising:

receiving a data frame;

and demapping the service data carried by the data frame, wherein the data frame comprises an overhead area and a payload area, the overhead area is used for carrying the overhead of the data frame, the payload area comprises a first indication field, and the first indication field is used for indicating that the object carried by each time slot is data or filling.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the time slots have a rate in the range of 2-100M.

9. The method of claim 7 or 8, wherein the payload region comprises N periods, and the first indication field comprises N second indication fields; the first indication field is configured to indicate that an object carried by each time slot is data or padding, and includes:

10. The method according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the payload region comprises N periods, the first indication field comprises N second indication fields, the second indication fields comprise starting slot position indication information; the first indication field is configured to indicate that an object carried by each time slot is data or padding, and includes:

11. The method according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the first indication field further comprises an error correction code for correcting transmission errors of the second indication field.

12. The method according to any of claims 7 to 11, wherein the data frames comprise OTN frames or OSU frames.

13. A chip comprising a processor and a communication interface for receiving data frames and transmitting them to the processor or sending them to other communication devices than the one comprising the chip, the processor being adapted to perform the method according to any of claims 1 to 6 or the method according to any of claims 7 to 12.