CN116481330A - Non-magnetic stainless steel heating process - Google Patents
Non-magnetic stainless steel heating process Download PDFInfo
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- CN116481330A CN116481330A CN202310537210.3A CN202310537210A CN116481330A CN 116481330 A CN116481330 A CN 116481330A CN 202310537210 A CN202310537210 A CN 202310537210A CN 116481330 A CN116481330 A CN 116481330A
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- heating
- furnace
- temperature
- heating furnace
- ingot
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/0024—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge of metallic workpieces
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a heating process of non-magnetic stainless steel, which mainly utilizes heating residual temperature of a heating furnace to heat the non-magnetic stainless steel according to the steel type characteristics of the non-magnetic stainless steel, so that the traditional heating effect can be achieved, the heating efficiency can be improved, and the heating cost can be reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a non-magnetic stainless steel heating process for heating non-magnetic stainless steel by fully utilizing the residual temperature of a heating furnace according to the steel grade characteristics of the non-magnetic stainless steel.
Background
The nonmagnetic stainless steel has a single structure and belongs to an austenite structure of a face-centered cubic structure, so that the steel ingot can be directly heated to a required temperature compared with other steel types due to the heating curve of the steel ingot, and the other steel types generally need to be insulated in an intermediate stage to ensure that the steel ingot structure is completely austenitized and then heated to the required temperature. The main chemical components are as follows: [C] less than or equal to 0.05 percent, less than or equal to 16.0 to 22.0 percent of [ Mn ] < 4.50 percent, less than or equal to 18 percent of [ Cr ] < 0.50 percent, less than or equal to 4.0 percent of [ Mo ], high alloy content of the steel grade, easy cracking of the forging surface and reheating of the steel ingot after surface treatment. The traditional heating process is generally to put a cold ingot in a cold heating furnace, heat the heating furnace to about 400 ℃ for a certain period of time, then heat the heating furnace to 1180 ℃ for a certain period of time, and then discharge the steel ingot for forging. With the increasingly strong competition of the special steel industry, the production efficiency and the cost of products become the winning key, and therefore, innovation on the original manufacturing flow is urgently needed to improve the quality and the benefit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a non-magnetic stainless steel heating process capable of greatly improving the production efficiency of products, saving energy, reducing emission and reducing the working strength, wherein steel ingots are directly loaded into a hot heating furnace, namely, the heating furnace without residual heat in the furnace just after the heating is finished, after the heating is kept for a certain time, the temperature is raised to 1180 ℃, and after the heating is kept, the steel ingots are discharged from the furnace for forging.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: a heating process of non-magnetic stainless steel comprises the following specific heating processes:
step 1), selecting a heating furnace: after the heating furnace is stopped, in the state that the furnace door is closed, the temperature range of 500-800 ℃ is provided, the cooling speed of the heating furnace is less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, and the cooling speed of other temperature ranges is not required; a heating furnace with the furnace loading amount below 100 tons;
step 2), loading the nonmagnetic stainless steel ingot or electroslag ingot with the surface finished into a hot heating furnace in a cold ingot mode, namely, immediately finishing the heating of the heating furnace without residual heat of the steel ingot, stopping the operation of the heating furnace, but requiring the temperature in the furnace to be in the range of 500-800 ℃, and carrying out choke plug heating for 5 hours;
step 3), after the choke plug is finished, the heating furnace is ignited to run, the temperature is raised to 1180 ℃ at the temperature rising speed of 80 ℃ per hour, and the temperature is kept for 6 hours;
and 4) after the heating is finished, the steel ingot or the electroslag ingot is discharged and forged.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following positive effects:
1. greatly improves the production efficiency. In the traditional heating process, due to the fact that the quality of products is worried about, steel ingots or electroslag ingots are required to be loaded into a cold heating furnace, and then the operations of heating, heat preservation, heating and the like are carried out, so that the heating period is long, the cooling of the heating furnace also needs a long time, the manufacturing period of the products is greatly increased, and the efficiency is low. The process can circularly utilize the heating furnace, the heating of the previous batch of products is finished, yu Wenshang, the nonmagnetic stainless steel can be filled into the heating furnace for choke plug heating without cooling, compared with the traditional heating, the heating time can be generally shortened by 6 hours, the cooling time of the heating furnace is shortened by 10 hours, and the heating efficiency can be improved by 16 hours per station.
2. Energy saving and emission reduction. The shortened heating time reduces the consumption of fuel gas or coal gas and reduces the carbon emission. The heating method has no influence on the quality of the product, and the method is firstly applied to the easily-cracked nonmagnetic stainless steel, and is comprehensively popularized to other products after verifying that the heating method has no influence on the quality of the product.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a heating process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a conventional heating process.
The following examples are presented to further illustrate the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
A heating process of non-magnetic stainless steel comprises the following specific heating processes:
step 1), selecting a heating furnace with proper size and good temperature control. The main performance characteristics of the heating furnace are as follows: after the heating furnace is stopped, in the state that the furnace door is closed, the temperature range of 500-800 ℃ is provided, the cooling speed of the heating furnace is less than or equal to 80 ℃/h, and the cooling speed of other temperature ranges is not required; and a heating furnace with the furnace loading amount below 100 tons.
Step 2), the non-magnetic stainless steel ingot or electroslag ingot after surface finishing is put into a hot heating furnace, namely, the heating furnace which has no steel ingot and has residual heat in the furnace just after the heating is finished, and the heating furnace stops running at the moment, but the temperature in the furnace is required to be within the range of 500-800 ℃, and the furnace-closing heating is carried out for 5 hours.
And 3) after the choke plug is finished, the heating furnace is ignited to run, the temperature is raised to 1180 ℃ or required temperature at the temperature raising speed of 80 ℃ per hour, and the temperature is kept for 6 hours.
And 4) after the heating is finished, the steel ingot or the electroslag ingot is discharged and forged.
Example 1: steel grade: w2020NHS. Forging raw materials: the electric slag ingot with the diameter of 600mm weighs 2.75 tons and has 14 counts.
The non-magnetic stainless steel heating process comprises the following specific implementation steps:
step 1), selecting a No. 5 heating furnace, wherein the furnace body of the heating furnace is constructed as castable, the trolley type heat accumulation type heating furnace has the size of 7m x 2.8m x 2.5m, the rated charging capacity is 100 tons, and the maximum heating temperature is 1250 ℃. After the heating furnace is stopped, the temperature of the furnace door is 500-800 ℃ in a closed state, and the cooling speed is 55 ℃/h. Before the ignition of the heating furnace, the base number of the fuel gas flowmeter is 3625845 cubic meters.
Step 2), completely loading the 14 finished electroslag ingot cold ingots into a No. 5 heating furnace; and 5, immediately after the ZYNM9 steel is discharged from the heating furnace, stopping the operation of the heating furnace, at the temperature of 1130 ℃ in the furnace, pulling up the furnace door, rapidly cooling, and after the temperature in the furnace is reduced to 800 ℃, loading electroslag ingots into the furnace, and carrying out choke plug heating for 5 hours.
And 3) after the choke plug is finished, the heating furnace is ignited to run, the temperature is raised to 1180 ℃ at the temperature rising speed of 80 ℃ per hour, and the temperature is kept for 6 hours.
And step 4) after heating, discharging the electroslag ingot from the furnace for forging. The gas flow meter base of the furnace was recorded as 3627526 cubic meters at this time.
The fuel gas consumption is 1681 cubic meters by adopting the method. The 14-branch non-magnetic electroslag ingot has no cracking phenomenon in the forging process. The results of the 14 products are shown in Table 1:
table 1: results of product performance by smoldering furnace heating process
| Furnace ingot number | Rr（0.2） | Rm | A | Z | Grain size of |
| 7B22591 | 151 | 165 | 28 | 67 | 5.5 |
| 7B22592 | 159 | 173 | 24 | 65 | 4.5 |
| 7A22306 | 152 | 167 | 24 | 67 | 5.5 |
| 7B22570 | 151 | 164 | 23 | 68 | 4 |
| 9B22540 | 148 | 163 | 27 | 69 | 5 |
| 9B22541 | 148 | 165 | 24 | 66 | 3.5 |
| 7B22595 | 162 | 174 | 25 | 66 | 4 |
| 7A22253 | 160 | 173 | 22 | 64 | 5 |
| 7A22254 | 159 | 176 | 23 | 64 | 6.5 |
| 7A22255 | 158 | 173 | 23 | 65 | 4.5 |
| 7A22256 | 160 | 172 | 23 | 67 | 5.5 |
| 7A22257 | 162 | 174 | 27 | 66 | 6 |
| 7B22513 | 160 | 172 | 25 | 66 | 4.5 |
| 6A22592 | 154 | 171 | 28 | 66 | 3 |
Comparative example (conventional heating process) of example 1:
steel grade: w2020NHS. Forging raw materials: the electric slag ingot with the diameter of 600mm weighs 2.75 tons and has 14 counts.
The traditional heating process of the nonmagnetic stainless steel comprises the following specific implementation steps:
step 1), for accurate comparison, a No. 5 heating furnace is still selected in the traditional heating process, and the base number of a fuel gas flowmeter is 3865246 cubic meters before the heating furnace is ignited.
And 2) completely loading the cooled electroslag ingot obtained after finishing the 14 pieces of the electroslag ingot into a No. 5 heating furnace. And (5) igniting a No. 5 heating furnace, heating to 350 ℃ with full power, and preserving heat for 4 hours.
And 3) after the heat preservation is finished, heating to 1180 ℃ at a heating rate of 60 ℃ per hour, and preserving the heat for 6 hours.
And step 4) after heating, discharging the electroslag ingot from the furnace for forging. The gas flow meter base of the furnace was recorded as 3868254 cubic meters at this time.
The gas consumption was 3008 cubic meters using conventional heating processes. The 14-branch non-magnetic electroslag ingot has no cracking phenomenon in the forging process. The results of the 14 products are shown in Table 2:
table 2: product performance results using conventional heating techniques
| Furnace ingot number | Rr（0.2） | Rm | A | Z | Grain size of |
| 6A22582 | 159 | 172 | 25 | 65 | 4.5 |
| 7A22229 | 157 | 171 | 25 | 67 | 5 |
| 7A22261 | 156 | 172 | 24 | 67 | 5 |
| 7A22262 | 159 | 170 | 27 | 67 | 5.5 |
| 7A22258 | 161 | 175 | 23 | 67 | 4.5 |
| 7A22260 | 161 | 166 | 24 | 65 | 5 |
| 7B22521 | 148 | 171 | 27 | 68 | 3.5 |
| 7B22522 | 160 | 165 | 27 | 64 | 6 |
| 7B22523 | 158 | 172 | 25 | 75 | 4 |
| 9A22323 | 156 | 172 | 23 | 68 | 4.5 |
| 7B22525 | 149 | 167 | 24 | 63 | 5 |
| 7A22265 | 156 | 174 | 28 | 67 | 5.5 |
| 7A22296 | 156 | 168 | 26 | 68 | 3.5 |
| 7A22299 | 154 | 170 | 26 | 68 | 5 |
Compared with the traditional heating process, the heating process provided by the invention has the advantages that the fuel gas consumption is reduced by 1327 cubic meters, and the product quality is not influenced.
Claims (2)
1. A non-magnetic stainless steel heating process is characterized in that: the specific heating process is as follows:
step 1), selecting a heating furnace: in order to ensure the choke plug effect, a heating furnace with the temperature of 500-800 ℃ and the cooling speed of less than or equal to 80 ℃/h is selected, and the cooling speed of other temperature ranges is not required in the state that the furnace door is closed after the heating furnace is stopped; a heating furnace with the furnace loading amount below 100 tons;
step 2), loading the nonmagnetic stainless steel ingot or electroslag ingot with the surface finished into a hot heating furnace in a cold ingot mode, namely, immediately finishing the heating of the heating furnace without residual heat of the steel ingot, stopping the operation of the heating furnace, but requiring the temperature in the furnace to be in the range of 500-800 ℃, and carrying out choke plug heating for 5 hours;
step 3), after the choke plug is finished, the heating furnace is ignited to run, the temperature is raised to 1180 ℃ at the temperature rising speed of 80 ℃ per hour, and the temperature is kept for 6 hours;
and 4) after the heating is finished, the steel ingot or the electroslag ingot is discharged and forged.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein, to ensure that the choke plug time is up to 5 hours, the process of heating the nonmagnetic stainless steel thoroughly, if the temperature in the furnace is lower than 500 ℃, the heating furnace is ignited and operated, the temperature is raised to 700+/-10, the furnace is stopped after the heat is preserved for 1 hour, and the choke plug is continuously implemented, and the above steps are repeated.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310537210.3A CN116481330A (en) | 2023-05-13 | 2023-05-13 | Non-magnetic stainless steel heating process |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310537210.3A CN116481330A (en) | 2023-05-13 | 2023-05-13 | Non-magnetic stainless steel heating process |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116481330A true CN116481330A (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310537210.3A Pending CN116481330A (en) | 2023-05-13 | 2023-05-13 | Non-magnetic stainless steel heating process |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116481330A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-05-13 CN CN202310537210.3A patent/CN116481330A/en active Pending
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