CN116478731A - Reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification - Google Patents
Reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification Download PDFInfo
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- CN116478731A CN116478731A CN202310506125.0A CN202310506125A CN116478731A CN 116478731 A CN116478731 A CN 116478731A CN 202310506125 A CN202310506125 A CN 202310506125A CN 116478731 A CN116478731 A CN 116478731A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 230000000151 anti-reflux effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000010926 purge Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 claims 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 206010037544 Purging Diseases 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/48—Apparatus; Plants
- C10J3/482—Gasifiers with stationary fluidised bed
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/12—Heating the gasifier
- C10J2300/1284—Heating the gasifier by renewable energy, e.g. solar energy, photovoltaic cells, wind
- C10J2300/1292—Heating the gasifier by renewable energy, e.g. solar energy, photovoltaic cells, wind mSolar energy
Abstract
The invention discloses a reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification, which comprises the steps of forming an anti-reflux environment, forming a coal gasification environment and performing coal gasification, wherein the step of forming the anti-reflux environment comprises the following steps of: sleeving an anti-backflow pipe at the outer side of an outlet of the carbon supply pipe, wherein the outlet of the anti-backflow pipe is lower than the outlet of the synthesis gas; the technical problem that coal dust is easily carried out of the reactor by the synthesis gas due to the fact that the distance between the outlet of the coal feeder and the outlet of the synthesis gas is too short is solved by the technical means, and meanwhile, the step of forming the anti-reflux environment further comprises the following steps: the outlet of the carbon tube is close to the upper part of the anti-backflow tube, and nitrogen is input into the anti-backflow tube, so that the pressure of the gas above the anti-backflow tube is higher than that of the outlet of the anti-backflow tube; by the technical means, gas can only flow to the outlet of the anti-reflux pipe through the inlet of the anti-reflux pipe, and the technical problem that the synthetic gas possibly flows back into the carbon supply pipe is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of low-order coal gasification, in particular to a reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification.
Background
The solar energy driven coal gasification reactor is a device for converting solar energy into heat energy, uses solar energy as an energy source, uses low-rank coal or biomass and the like as carbonaceous raw materials, produces clean chemical fuel through a solar energy thermochemical conversion process, and can convert concentrated radiation from solar energy into heat energy and further into chemical energy.
The updraught tube type fixed bed reactor in the prior art can provide good thermal efficiency, coal dust particles are introduced from the top of the reactor, water vapor is introduced from the bottom of the reactor, high-temperature synthesis gas can be utilized to preheat the coal dust particles, pyrolysis temperature and speed are improved, subsequent gasification reaction is promoted, meanwhile, convection movement of the synthesis gas and the coal dust particles increases air flow disturbance in the reactor, and residence time of the particles in the pyrolysis and gasification process is prolonged.
The updraft tube fixed bed reactor has the disadvantage that the coal feeder is fed with pulverized coal from the top of the reactor and synthesis gas is withdrawn from the top of the reactor, resulting in pulverized coal being easily entrained by the synthesis gas out of the reactor. To solve this problem, the prior art has disposed the outlet of the coal feeder at a position lower than the outlet of the synthesis gas, but this in turn causes a problem in that the synthesis gas easily flows back into the inside of the coal feeder.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification, which aims to solve the problems that coal dust is easily entrained out of a reactor by synthesis gas or the synthesis gas is easily backflowed into the inside of a coal feeder due to the fact that the distance between the outlet of the coal feeder of an updraft tube type fixed bed reactor and the outlet of the synthesis gas is too short.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention specifically provides the following technical scheme:
a reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification, comprising the following steps: forming a reverse flow prevention environment: sleeving an anti-backflow pipe at the outer side of an outlet of the carbon supply pipe, wherein the outlet of the anti-backflow pipe is lower than an outlet of the synthetic gas, and the outlet of the carbon supply pipe is close to the upper side of the anti-backflow pipe and is filled with nitrogen so that the pressure of the gas above the anti-backflow pipe is higher than that of the outlet of the anti-backflow pipe, and the gas is prevented from flowing back to the inside of the carbon supply pipe; forming a coal gasification environment: forming a gas protection atmosphere in the reactor, inputting pulverized coal into the top of the reactor through a carbon tube, inputting steam into the bottom of the reactor, and heating the reactor by using solar energy to form a gasification zone; coal gasification is carried out: the pulverized coal and the steam form convection inside the reactor, wherein the pulverized coal falls down and the steam rises, the pulverized coal and the steam generate synthesis gas through gasification reaction in a gasification zone, and the synthesis gas is pumped out at the top of the reactor.
Further, before the anti-reflux environment is formed, the following steps are performed: and when nitrogen is input into the anti-reflux pipe, the nitrogen flows to the outlet of the carbon supply pipe through the jet flow chamber and continues to flow along the inner wall of the anti-reflux pipe, so that the nitrogen forms an annular air flow surrounding carbon powder to flow downwards.
Further, an expanding part which extends outwards in the axial direction and extends outwards in the radial direction is formed at the outlet of the carbon tube, a slit is formed between the edge of the outlet of the expanding part and the inner wall of the anti-backflow tube, and the flow speed of nitrogen output through the jet flow chamber is increased through the slit, so that the nitrogen forms an air knife for cleaning the inner wall of the anti-backflow tube.
Further, a constriction extending outwards in the axial direction and extending inwards in the radial direction is formed at the outlet of the expansion part, the outer wall of the expansion part and the outer wall of the constriction smoothly transition, and turbulence generated when nitrogen output by the jet flow chamber passes through the slit is reduced through the annular cambered surface formed at the joint of the expansion part and the constriction part.
Further, before coal gasification, the following steps are performed: the spiral blade is arranged between the anti-backflow pipe and the reactor, the cylindrical cavity between the outer wall of the anti-backflow pipe and the inner wall of the reactor is separated into a spiral swirl chamber through the spiral blade, when the synthetic gas is pumped out through the suction pipe, carbon powder carried by the synthetic gas is attached to the inner wall of the reactor in spiral motion, and only the synthetic gas is separated from the inside of the reactor through the suction pipe.
Further, before coal gasification, the following steps are performed: installing a purge pipe on the reactor, one end of the purge pipe penetrating the reactor and being connected to the inside of the cyclone chamber along the tangential direction of the cyclone chamber; in the process of coal gasification, the following steps are executed: and intermittently introducing nitrogen into the other end of the purging pipe, wherein the nitrogen forms a gas flow flowing into the reactor in the cyclone chamber so as to blow carbon powder staying in the cyclone chamber.
Further, the step of forming a gas-shielded atmosphere inside the reactor comprises: nitrogen was introduced into the bottom of the reactor while air was withdrawn from the top of the reactor until the air inside the reactor was purged.
Further, after the step of forming a gas-shielded atmosphere inside the reactor and before feeding pulverized coal at the top of the reactor through the carbon tube, the following steps are performed: the reactor was checked for air tightness.
Further, before the coal gasification environment is formed, the following steps are performed: the porous member is installed in the gasification zone so that a fixed bed is formed inside the reactor, and the fixed bed is used for slowing down the falling speed of coal dust and enhancing the radial heat exchange of the reaction zone.
Further, in the process of coal gasification, the following steps are executed: the synthesis gas is condensed and subjected to gas-liquid separation, and the separated gas is then analyzed, collected or discharged.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
the reaction method comprises the steps of introducing nitrogen into the anti-reflux pipe to form an anti-reflux environment on the basis of the existing reaction method of the updraft type fixed bed reactor, so that gas can only flow to the outlet of the anti-reflux pipe through the inlet of the anti-reflux pipe, and the technical problem that the synthetic gas is refluxed to the inside of the carbon pipe is solved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the drawings in the following description are exemplary only and that other implementations can be obtained from the extensions of the drawings provided without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of one view of the reactor of example 2 of the present invention, and an enlarged view of a partial structure thereof;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the direction A-A of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at C;
FIG. 5 is a perspective cross-sectional view in the direction B-B of FIG. 2, and an enlarged view of a partial structure thereof;
reference numerals in the drawings are respectively as follows:
1-a reactor; 11-carbon supply tube; 111-an expansion section; 112-constriction; 12-suction tube; 13-a gasification zone; 14-a porous member; 15-an insulating layer; 151-conical light entrance holes; 2-anti-reflux tube; 21-a first pipe body; 22-connecting part; 221-jet chamber; 23-a second pipe body; 24-slit; 25-helical blades; 26-a swirl chamber; 3-purging the pipe; 31-top wall; 32-a bottom wall; 33-a first sidewall; 34-a second sidewall; 42-nitrogen cylinder; 43-mass flow controller; 44-a water tank; 45-water pump; 46-a water vapor generator; 47-an air pump; 48-air cooling machine; 49-solar simulator.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Please refer to embodiment 1 shown in fig. 1.
The reaction device for solar-driven coal gasification comprises: reactor 1, nitrogen source, water vapor source, and air pump 47;
the top of the reactor 1 is connected with a carbon tube 11, a suction tube 12 and an anti-reflux tube 2;
the carbon supply pipe 11 is vertically arranged and penetrates through the top of the reactor 1, and the output end of the carbon supply pipe 11 is connected with the carbon supply pipe 11 and outputs carbon powder to the inside of the reactor 1 through the carbon supply pipe 11;
the anti-reflux pipe 2 is sleeved on the outer side of the carbon supply pipe 11, the outlet of the anti-reflux pipe 2 is lower than the outlet of the carbon supply pipe 11 and the inlet of the suction pipe 12, the inlet of the anti-reflux pipe 2 is connected with a nitrogen source, nitrogen is introduced into the reactor 1 through the anti-reflux pipe 2, and the air pressure near the outlet of the carbon supply pipe 11 is higher than the air pressure near the outlet of the anti-reflux pipe 2;
the suction pipe 12 is connected to an air pump 47, and the air pump 47 is used for forming negative pressure between the outer wall of the anti-reflux pipe 2 and the inner wall of the reactor 1 so that the synthesis gas is discharged through the suction pipe 12;
the bottom of the reactor 1 is connected with a nitrogen source and a water vapor source, and the nitrogen and the water vapor rise in the reactor 1 after being mixed;
the middle part of the reactor 1 receives solar heating to form a gasification zone 13, and falling carbon powder and rising water vapor generate synthesis gas through coal gasification reaction in the gasification zone 13.
Not shown in fig. 1, a screw feeder is generally used, and the screw feeder is cooled by a circulating water cooling device to avoid high damage to the reaction tube.
Solar energy is emitted through a solar simulator 49. The solar simulator 49 employs 12 7kW independently controlled short-arc xenon lamps.
The reactor 1 adopts a nickel-based alloy reaction tube, the outside of the reactor 1 is wrapped with a heat preservation layer 15, and the side surface of the heat preservation layer 15 is provided with a conical light inlet 151.
The nitrogen source comprises a nitrogen bottle 42 and a mass flow controller 43, wherein the nitrogen bottle 42 is respectively connected with the inlet of the anti-reflux pipe 2 and the bottom of the reactor 1 through the two mass flow controllers 43.
The water vapor source includes a water tank 44, a water pump 45, and a water vapor generator 46, which are connected in sequence.
The nitrogen introduced into the bottom of the reactor 1 acts as a shielding gas, which acts to dilute the synthesis gas, and as a tracer gas, which can be used to calculate the flow of the synthesis gas.
The synthesis gas, which typically includes methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, is cooled and condensed by the air cooler 48 and then fed to a gas analyzer for analysis and then directly discharged without collection by classification, since the related art is still in development.
The experimental procedure of example 1, the reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification, comprises:
step one:
forming a gas-protecting atmosphere inside the reactor 1: introducing nitrogen into the bottom of the reactor 1 from a nitrogen source, and checking the air tightness of the device;
preheating the reactor 1: the air pump 47 is turned on, the air in the reactor 1 is discharged from the top of the reaction tube through the suction tube 12, after the air in the reactor 1 is discharged completely, the solar simulator 49 is turned on, and the temperature in the reactor 1 is waited for;
a coal gasification reaction atmosphere is formed inside the reactor 1: the water vapor source introduces water vapor into the bottom of the reactor 1, thereby forming a vaporization region 13 inside and above the porous member 14;
positive pressure zone is formed at the outlet of the carbon feed tube 11: the nitrogen source is used for introducing nitrogen into the inlet of the anti-reflux pipe 2 at the flow rate of 2L/min, and the nitrogen is gathered above the anti-reflux pipe 2, so that the gas pressure above the anti-reflux pipe 2 is higher than the gas pressure below the anti-reflux pipe 2, and the gas flow is difficult to reflux into the carbon supply pipe 11;
step two:
steady state heating phase: under the condition that the temperature of the gasification zone 13 is stable, coal dust is introduced at a preset mass rate, coal dust particles reach the gasification zone 13, the temperature of the gasification zone 13 is observed, and when the temperature of the gasification zone 13 is obviously reduced, the power of the solar simulator 49 is regulated, so that the temperature of the gasification zone 13 is stable at a target temperature;
synthesis gas production phase: the air pump 47 pumps the synthesis gas from the inside of the reactor 1 at a predetermined flow rate, and the synthesis gas is condensed and cooled by the air cooler 48 and then discharged or collected.
Before the gas analyzer is used for analyzing the synthesis gas, the gas is conveyed to a gas purifying device for pretreatment, the device consists of a bubbler, active carbon and a cylinder tar filter, ash removal, drying and tar removal of the synthesis gas are carried out, the accuracy of the result is ensured, the damage to the online gas analyzer is avoided, and the residual gas is discharged or collected.
The gasification zone 13 is provided with a porous member 14, and the porous member 14 is made of silicon carbide mesh porous ceramics.
The porous piece 14 is placed in the gasification zone 13, the porous piece 14 is supported by a corundum tube support to form a fixed bed, and the fixed bed is used for slowing down the falling speed of pulverized coal particles, increasing the residence time of the pulverized coal and enhancing the radial heat exchange of the reaction zone.
Further, the flow-reversing prevention pipe 2 needs to prevent the flow of the gas from flowing back into the feed pipe 11 with a small amount of nitrogen as much as possible, and also needs to avoid strong turbulence at the bottom of the feed pipe 11 to avoid the carbon powder falling from the outlet of the feed pipe 11 from adhering to the inner wall of the flow-reversing prevention pipe 2.
The backflow preventing pipe 2 includes a first pipe body 21, a connecting portion 22, and a second pipe body 23;
the first pipe body 21 is coaxially sleeved on the outer side of the carbon supply pipe 11, the connecting part 22 is connected with the first pipe body 21 and the second pipe body 23, an included angle is formed between the first pipe body 21 and the second pipe body 23 so that the second pipe body 23 extends towards the direction far away from the carbon supply pipe 11, the second pipe body 23 is connected with a nitrogen source, an annular jet flow chamber 221 is formed between the connecting part 22 and the carbon supply pipe 11, and the jet flow chamber 221 is communicated with a gap between the first pipe body 21 and the carbon supply pipe 11.
The first pipe body 21 is connected with the reactor 1 through a flange, the connecting part 22 is welded with the carbon supply pipe 11, the output end of the carbon supply pipe 11 is connected with the output end through threads, nitrogen is introduced into the jet cavity 221 through the second pipe body 23, and then is output along a cylindrical gap between the first pipe body 21 and the carbon supply pipe 11, so that the nitrogen flows along the inner wall of the first pipe body 21 and gradually diffuses to the center of the first pipe body 21, carbon powder is surrounded by the nitrogen, and carbon powder is prevented from adhering to the inner wall of the first pipe body 21.
Further, the flow rate of nitrogen gas introduced into the reactor 1 through the anti-reflux tube 2 is small, and it is difficult to form an air knife for blowing the inside of the anti-reflux tube 2, so as to solve the problem.
The outlet of the feed carbon tube 11 is formed with an expansion portion 111 extending axially outward and extending radially outward, and a slit 24 is formed between the edge of the outlet of the expansion portion 111 and the inner wall of the anti-reflux tube 2.
The flow rate of nitrogen gas passing through the slit 24 is increased to better clean the carbon powder attached to the inner wall of the anti-reflux tube 2.
Further, the edge of the outlet of the expansion part 111 is sharp, and the slight deformation and irregular concave-convex can cause turbulence of the nitrogen gas therein, thereby causing the nitrogen gas for preventing the synthesis gas from flowing back into the carbon feed pipe 11 to flow back into the carbon feed pipe 11 itself, so as to solve the problem.
The outlet of the expansion portion 111 is formed with a constriction 112 extending axially outwardly and radially inwardly, and the outer wall of the expansion portion 111 and the outer wall of the constriction 112 smoothly transition.
The constriction 112 serves to form a rounded annular arc surface at the edge of the outlet of the expansion 111 to reduce turbulence generated when nitrogen passes directly through the slit 24.
On the other hand, since the diameters of the reaction tube and the carbon supply tube 11 are standardized and difficult to modify, the added anti-reflux tube 2 further compresses the inner space of the reaction tube, resulting in a narrow gap between the outer wall of the anti-reflux tube 2 and the inner wall of the reaction tube, which can accelerate the flow rate of the synthesis gas, thereby causing carbon powder to be more easily entrained into the suction tube 12 by the synthesis gas.
In order to solve the above technical problems, please refer to embodiment 2 shown in fig. 2-4:
between the anti-reflux tube 2 and the reactor 1, a helical blade 25 is installed, and the helical blade 25 partitions a cylindrical cavity between the outer wall of the anti-reflux tube 2 and the inner wall of the reactor 1 into a helical swirl chamber 26.
The synthesis gas carries with it the carbon powder into the spiral-shaped cavity to perform a spiral movement, during which the carbon powder and the synthesis gas rub against the inner wall of the reactor 1, the synthesis gas continues to flow through the spiral-shaped cavity and finally is discharged through the suction pipe 12, and the carbon powder adheres to the inner wall of the reactor 1 and stops moving.
In particular, the helical blade 25 is integral with the anti-reflux tube 2.
Further, blocking the movement of carbon powder into the suction tube 12 by the cyclone principle is possible in short-term experiments, but during long-term production of synthesis gas, carbon powder eventually plugs the spiral-shaped cavity.
In order to solve the above technical problems.
The reactor 1 is provided with a purge pipe 3, one end of the purge pipe 3 penetrates through the reactor 1 and is connected to the interior of the cyclone chamber 26 along the tangential direction of the cyclone chamber 26, and the other end of the purge pipe 3 is connected with a nitrogen source through a valve, wherein the nitrogen source is used for forming a gas flow flowing to the interior of the reactor 1 in the interior of the cyclone chamber 26 through an intermittently opened valve.
The valve is not shown in the figures, is normally closed and intermittently opened so that the nitrogen source forms an intermittent purge flow inside the swirl chamber 26, which purges the inside of the reactor 1 in the opposite direction to the swirling direction of the synthesis gas, thereby purges the inside of the reactor 1 of carbon powder adhering to the inner wall of the swirl chamber 26.
Preferably:
the cross section of the purge tube 3 is rectangular, the inner wall of the purge tube 3 comprises a top wall 31, a bottom wall 32, a first side wall 33 and a second side wall 34, at the outlet of the purge tube 3, the top wall 31, the bottom wall 32 and the first side wall 33 are tangential to the inner wall of the cyclone chamber 26, and the second side wall 34 is located in the middle of the cyclone chamber 26.
The gas flow blown out through the purge pipe 3 flows along the outside of the cyclone chamber 26 to purge the carbon powder attached to the inner wall of the reactor 1, and the synthesis gas can still flow along the inside of the cyclone chamber 26 at this time.
The test procedure of example 2 differs from the test procedure of example 1 in that: and adding a purging step in the second step.
And (3) a purging stage: at intervals, the valve is opened, and a purge gas flow is output to the interior of the cyclone chamber 26 through a nitrogen source to clean carbon powder attached to the inner wall of the cyclone chamber 26, and the total flow of nitrogen gas introduced into the anti-reflux pipe 2 and the purge pipe 3 is 2L/min.
The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims. Various modifications and equivalent arrangements of this invention will occur to those skilled in the art, and it is intended to be within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
forming a reverse flow prevention environment: sleeving an anti-backflow pipe at the outer side of an outlet of the carbon supply pipe, wherein the outlet of the anti-backflow pipe is lower than an outlet of the synthetic gas, and the outlet of the carbon supply pipe is close to the upper side of the anti-backflow pipe and is filled with nitrogen so that the pressure of the gas above the anti-backflow pipe is higher than that of the outlet of the anti-backflow pipe, and the gas is prevented from flowing back to the inside of the carbon supply pipe;
forming a coal gasification environment: forming a gas protection atmosphere in the reactor, inputting pulverized coal into the top of the reactor through a carbon tube, inputting steam into the bottom of the reactor, and heating the reactor by using solar energy to form a gasification zone;
coal gasification is carried out: the pulverized coal and the steam form convection inside the reactor, wherein the pulverized coal falls down and the steam rises, the pulverized coal and the steam generate synthesis gas through gasification reaction in a gasification zone, and the synthesis gas is pumped out at the top of the reactor.
2. A reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification according to claim 1,
before the anti-reflux environment is formed, the following steps are performed:
and when nitrogen is input into the anti-reflux pipe, the nitrogen flows to the outlet of the carbon supply pipe through the jet flow chamber and continues to flow along the inner wall of the anti-reflux pipe, so that the nitrogen forms an annular air flow surrounding carbon powder to flow downwards.
3. A reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification according to claim 2,
and a slit is formed between the edge of the outlet of the expansion part and the inner wall of the anti-backflow pipe, and the flow speed of nitrogen output through the jet flow chamber is increased through the slit, so that the nitrogen forms an air knife for cleaning the inner wall of the anti-backflow pipe.
4. A reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification according to claim 3,
and a contraction part extending outwards in the axial direction and extending inwards in the radial direction is formed at the outlet of the expansion part, the outer wall of the expansion part and the outer wall of the contraction part are in smooth transition, and the turbulence generated when nitrogen output by the jet flow chamber passes through the slit is reduced through the annular cambered surface formed at the joint of the expansion part and the contraction part.
5. A reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
before coal gasification, the following steps are performed:
the spiral blade is arranged between the anti-backflow pipe and the reactor, the cylindrical cavity between the outer wall of the anti-backflow pipe and the inner wall of the reactor is separated into a spiral swirl chamber through the spiral blade, when the synthetic gas is pumped out through the suction pipe, carbon powder carried by the synthetic gas is attached to the inner wall of the reactor in spiral motion, and only the synthetic gas is separated from the inside of the reactor through the suction pipe.
6. The reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification according to claim 5,
before coal gasification, the following steps are performed:
installing a purge pipe on the reactor, one end of the purge pipe penetrating the reactor and being connected to the inside of the cyclone chamber along the tangential direction of the cyclone chamber;
in the process of coal gasification, the following steps are executed:
and intermittently introducing nitrogen into the other end of the purging pipe, wherein the nitrogen forms a gas flow flowing into the reactor in the cyclone chamber so as to blow carbon powder staying in the cyclone chamber.
7. A reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification according to claim 1,
the step of forming a gas-shielded atmosphere inside the reactor comprises:
nitrogen was introduced into the bottom of the reactor while air was withdrawn from the top of the reactor until the air inside the reactor was purged.
8. The reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification according to claim 7,
after the step of forming a gas-protecting atmosphere inside the reactor and before feeding pulverized coal at the top of the reactor by feeding carbon tubes, the following steps are performed:
the reactor was checked for air tightness.
9. A reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification according to claim 1,
before the coal gasification environment is formed, the following steps are executed:
the porous member is installed in the gasification zone so that a fixed bed is formed inside the reactor, and the fixed bed is used for slowing down the falling speed of coal dust and enhancing the radial heat exchange of the reaction zone.
10. A reaction method for solar-driven coal gasification according to claim 1,
in the process of coal gasification, the following steps are executed:
the synthesis gas is condensed and subjected to gas-liquid separation, and the separated gas is then analyzed, collected or discharged.
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