CN116464453A - Construction method for quick turning of hard rock tunnel through one-time roof picking - Google Patents
Construction method for quick turning of hard rock tunnel through one-time roof picking Download PDFInfo
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- CN116464453A CN116464453A CN202310418635.2A CN202310418635A CN116464453A CN 116464453 A CN116464453 A CN 116464453A CN 202310418635 A CN202310418635 A CN 202310418635A CN 116464453 A CN116464453 A CN 116464453A
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- tunnel
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- picking
- roof
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method for a hard rock tunnel to quickly turn a main tunnel through once roof picking, which comprises the following steps: s1, carrying out lifting construction on an auxiliary channel; s2, permanent arc-shaped door frames are applied; s3, constructing a temporary pilot tunnel; s4, constructing a step on the positive hole of the intersection; s5, construction of the positive tunnel. The construction method is convenient and quick to construct, stable in progress and high in construction period guarantee; compared with the traditional construction of enlarging and excavating after turning the hole, the efficiency is increased and the cost is reduced; furthermore, the invention expands the technical application range of the rapid roof picking of the hard rock tunnel, simplifies the original complex roof picking process by adopting reasonable structural design and construction organization design, shortens the exposure time of the intersection, ensures that the roof picking construction is safer and more efficient, has wide popularization prospect and application value, and can provide reference and guidance for the construction of similar projects.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of constructional engineering, and particularly relates to a construction method for a hard rock tunnel by one-time roof-picking quick turning positive tunnel.
Background
Along with the rapid development of high-speed rails, tunnel engineering is more and more, meanwhile, construction progress pressure is relieved, and auxiliary channels such as parallel pilot pits, inclined shaft transverse channels and the like are more and more in construction. Particularly, hard surrounding rock is frequently encountered in our construction, and the conventional top-picking method is characterized in that the primary support of the arch wall of the main pit is interrupted at the intersection of the auxiliary passage and the main pit, a closed structure cannot be formed to form a stressed system, the excavation span is large, the exposure time is long, the number of working procedures of the method is large, the number of temporary section steel is large, the expansion and excavation risks are large, the construction progress is slow and the like, so that the method cannot be formed at one step, and construction organization and large-scale mechanical construction are not utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method for quickly turning a hard rock tunnel to a positive hole by once jacking, so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention discloses a construction method for a hard rock tunnel by one-time roof-picking and quick-turning positive hole, which comprises the following steps: s1, carrying out lifting construction on an auxiliary channel; s2, permanent arc-shaped door frames are applied; s3, constructing a temporary pilot tunnel; s4, constructing a step on the positive hole of the intersection; s5, construction of the positive tunnel.
Further, in the step S1, the auxiliary channel is lifted up 4-6 meters away from the junction of the main tunnel before the junction is constructed, the auxiliary channel is lifted up one by one, the arch arc steel arch is unchanged, the side wall upright post section steel is gradually lengthened, and the auxiliary channel is lifted up to the height of the main tunnel permanent arc door frame.
Further, in the step S1, the end of the auxiliary channel is formed by using section steel, the arch feet on both sides of the auxiliary channel are provided with anchor pipes for locking the arch feet, and the arch feet on the end of the auxiliary channel are formed by using sprayed concrete and are operated simultaneously with the sprayed concrete on the arch wall.
Further, in the step S2, the method includes the following steps: s21, excavating an intersection of the auxiliary channel and the positive hole; s22, installing a double-spliced portal frame; s23, reinforcing the installation of the foot locking anchor pipe; s24, installing a beam reinforcing anchor rod; s25, installing reinforcing steel bar meshes; s26, spraying concrete.
Further, in the step S3, when the integrity of the surrounding rock is poor, the temporary pilot tunnel section steel is installed according to the interval of 1-1.4 meters, and then the preliminary support is performed, so that the reserved clearance of the pilot tunnel section steel can ensure that the hole section steel is not undermined after being installed; when the surrounding rock is complete, the temporary pilot tunnel section steel can be omitted.
Further, in the step S4, a five inch platform method is adopted for construction lofting, when drilling, the angle is controlled according to the height difference to be lifted, the positive arch section steel arch or the grid arch is installed according to the 1-1.4 m interval, the positive arch section steel arch or the grid arch is connected with a connecting plate at one side of the beam through bolts, and the connecting plates are welded or connected through bolts between other nodes.
Further, in the step S4, adjacent section steel arches or grid arches are connected by adopting deformed steel bars in an internal-external staggered manner, the reinforcing steel meshes overlap at least one grid, the arch feet are provided with foot locking anchor pipes, and the reinforcing steel bars are welded firmly.
Further, in the step S5, the preliminary step support on the top-picking section positive hole is performed, and the temporary auxiliary pilot hole section steel limb leg is removed. Constructing a section along a small mileage according to the hole, and sealing the tunnel face; and removing the temporary section steel limb. And (3) constructing a section along the large mileage according to the main tunnel, sealing the tunnel face, and constructing a lower step and an inverted arch by falling to form a normal working face.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the construction method is convenient and quick to construct, stable in progress and high in construction period guarantee; compared with the traditional construction of enlarging and excavating after turning the hole, the efficiency is increased and the cost is reduced; furthermore, the invention expands the technical application range of the rapid roof picking of the hard rock tunnel, simplifies the original complex roof picking process by adopting reasonable structural design and construction organization design, shortens the exposure time of the intersection, ensures that the roof picking construction is safer and more efficient, has wide popularization prospect and application value, and can provide reference and guidance for the construction of similar projects; meanwhile, the primary support of the positive tunnel is timely sealed into a ring, so that secondary damage of expanding excavation to surrounding rock is reduced, and the rock mass is protected to be relatively stable. Reduces the use of initiating explosive devices, reduces the influence on ecology and environment, and obtains good social benefit.
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a construction process of a hard rock tunnel with one-time roof-picking and quick-turning positive tunnel disclosed by a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic elevation view of an auxiliary channel according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a top picking construction elevation disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a secondary channel roof truss-by-roof truss lifting disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a permanent arc portal installation disclosed in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a temporary pilot section steel according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic view of a primary arch of a main tunnel in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings, but the invention can be implemented in a number of different ways, which are defined and covered by the claims.
As shown in fig. 1-7, the invention discloses a construction method for a hard rock tunnel by one-time roof-picking quick-turning positive hole, which comprises the following steps (see fig. 1): s1, carrying out lifting construction on an auxiliary channel; s2, permanent arc-shaped door frames are applied; s3, constructing a temporary pilot tunnel; s4, constructing a step on the positive hole of the intersection; s5, construction of the positive tunnel.
In the step S1, referring to fig. 2, the auxiliary channel is lifted up before the junction is constructed, that is, the auxiliary channel is lifted up about 5 meters from the junction of the main tunnel, the arch arc steel arch is unchanged, the side wall upright column section steel is gradually lengthened, and the auxiliary channel is lifted up to the permanent arc door frame height of the main tunnel, referring to fig. 2; the 3 roof truss at the tail end of the auxiliary channel adopts double-spliced 18-shaped steel, and 4 arch feet at two sides are provided withLocking the foot anchor pipe, wherein L=3.5m; the C30 concrete is sprayed at the 3 arch frame feet at the tail end of the auxiliary channel by adopting a 0.5m thick die, and the C30 concrete and the concrete sprayed on the arch walls are operated simultaneously, as shown in figure 3.
In the step S2, the steps are as follows: s21, excavating an intersection of the auxiliary channel and the positive hole; s22, installing a double-spliced portal frame; s23, reinforcing a foot locking anchor pipe; s24, reinforcing anchor rods by the cross beams; s25, installing reinforcing steel bar meshes; s26, spraying concrete. Specifically, referring to fig. 4, after the auxiliary channel is lifted, the junction of the auxiliary channel and the positive hole needs to be constructed, and a small catheter with the diameter of 42mm is adopted for advanced support before construction, wherein the length of the small catheter is 3.5-4 m, and the circumferential spacing is 30cm. And excavating according to the blasting design, after the excavation is completed, installing meshes with the spacing of 20 x 20 of phi 6 steel bars on the arch part, encrypting 3-3.5 m of construction mortar anchor rods, 4 double-row foot locking anchor rods and L=4.0m. Permanent supporting beams and upright posts are arranged at the junction of the auxiliary channels, double-spliced I22a/I25a section steel is adopted, and the connection is connected by bolts and welded. The arch is provided with a net sheet with phi 6 steel bars at intervals of 20 x 20, 3-3.5 m of mortar anchor rods are encrypted, 4 double-row foot locking anchor rods are arranged, and L=4.0 m. The permanent arc-shaped arch centering and the auxiliary channel tail end arch centering are connected in an internal-external staggered manner by adopting phi 20 longitudinal connecting ribs according to a spacing of 1 meter on one side. The arch foot of the portal frame is connected with the arch foot of the 3 roof truss at the tail end of the auxiliary channel by an I18 beam, and the permanent arc arch foot is sprayed with concrete with the thickness of 0.5m and C30, and the permanent arc arch foot and the arch wall are sprayed with concrete to operate simultaneously.
In the step S3, referring to fig. 5, a temporary auxiliary pilot tunnel is constructed according to a step method, and in view of construction safety, quality, progress and cost, in combination with the existing conditions, a pilot tunnel section is constructed according to 8.6m by 7.3m (width by height), a pilot tunnel part is gradually excavated, when the integrity of surrounding rock is poor, temporary pilot tunnel section steel is installed according to a spacing of 1.2m, primary support is performed, and the reserved clearance of the pilot tunnel section steel can ensure that the pilot tunnel section steel is not underexcavated after installation; when the surrounding rock is relatively complete, the temporary pilot tunnel section steel can be omitted.
Wherein, pilot tunnel support parameters are as follows:
guide tunnel primary support parameter table (ambient rock integrity is poor)
Guide tunnel primary support parameter table (surrounding rock integrity is better)
In the step S4, referring to fig. 6, a five inch platform method is adopted for construction lofting, when drilling, the angle is controlled according to the height difference to be lifted, 7-8 truss arch section steel arches or grid arches are installed according to the 1.2M spacing, and are connected with a connecting plate at one side of a beam by adopting an M24 bolt, and other nodes are all welded with connecting plates and are connected by adopting bolts. Adjacent section steel arches or grid arches are connected in an internal-external staggered manner by adopting phi 20 threaded steel according to a spacing of 1 meter on one side; the overlap joint of the reinforcing steel meshes is not less than 1 grid; 2 anchor pipes for locking the arch feet are arranged at the arch feet, 4 anchor pipes are respectively long, and phi 18U-shaped steel bars are adopted for welding firmly.
In the step S4, referring to fig. 7, the preliminary support of the step on the hole of the top picking section is performed, and the temporary auxiliary pilot hole section steel limb is removed. Constructing a section along a small mileage according to the hole, and sealing the tunnel face; and removing the temporary section steel limb. And (3) constructing a section along the large mileage according to the main tunnel, sealing the tunnel face, and constructing a lower step and an inverted arch by falling to form a normal working face.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The construction method for the hard rock tunnel by one-time roof-picking and quick-turning positive tunnel is characterized by comprising the following steps of: s1, carrying out lifting construction on an auxiliary channel; s2, permanent arc-shaped door frames are applied; s3, constructing a temporary pilot tunnel; s4, constructing a step on the positive hole of the intersection; s5, construction of the positive tunnel.
2. The method for one-time roof-lifting rapid-turning positive tunnel construction of the hard rock tunnel according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the auxiliary channel is lifted up before the junction is constructed, the distance from the junction of the positive tunnel is 4-6 m, the lifting is carried out on a truss-by-truss basis, the arch arc steel arch is unchanged, the side wall upright column section steel is gradually lengthened, and the lifting is carried out to the height of the permanent arc door frame of the positive tunnel.
3. The method for one-time roof-picking rapid hole-turning construction of a hard rock tunnel according to claim 2, wherein in the step S1, the end of the auxiliary channel is formed by using section steel, the leg locking anchor pipes are arranged at the arch legs at the two sides of the auxiliary channel, the arch leg at the end of the auxiliary channel is formed by using sprayed concrete, and the operation is performed simultaneously with the arch wall sprayed concrete.
4. The method for one-time roof-picking quick-turning positive tunnel construction of the hard rock tunnel according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the method comprises the following steps: s21, excavating an intersection of the auxiliary channel and the positive hole; s22, installing a double-spliced portal frame; s23, reinforcing the installation of the foot locking anchor pipe; s24, installing a beam reinforcing anchor rod; s25, installing reinforcing steel bar meshes; s26, spraying concrete.
5. The construction method for the once-roof-picking quick-change pilot tunnel of the hard rock tunnel according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, when the integrity of surrounding rock is poor, temporary pilot tunnel section steel is installed according to the interval of 1-1.4 meters, primary support is performed, and the reserved clearance of the pilot tunnel section steel can ensure that the pilot tunnel section steel is not undermined after installation; when the surrounding rock is complete, the temporary pilot tunnel section steel can be omitted.
6. The construction method for the single-roof-picking quick-change positive tunnel according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, a five inch bench method is adopted for construction lofting, the angle is controlled according to the height difference required to be lifted during drilling, a positive tunnel arch section steel arch or a grid arch is installed according to the distance of 1-1.4 meters, the positive tunnel arch section steel arch or the grid arch is connected with a connecting plate at one side of a beam through bolts, and the other nodes are welded with the connecting plate or connected through bolts.
7. The construction method for the once-roof-picking quick-turning positive hole of the hard rock tunnel according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, adjacent section steel arches or grid arches are connected in an inner-outer staggered mode by adopting deformed steel bars, reinforcement meshes overlap at least one grid, and a locking anchor pipe is installed at an arch leg and welded firmly by adopting reinforcement.
8. The construction method for the once-roof-picking rapid-turning pilot tunnel of the hard rock tunnel according to claim 1, wherein in the step S5, the preliminary support of the step on the pilot tunnel of the roof-picking section is constructed and the temporary auxiliary pilot tunnel section steel limb leg is removed; constructing a section along a small mileage according to the hole, and sealing the tunnel face; removing temporary section steel limb legs; and (3) constructing a section along the large mileage according to the main tunnel, sealing the tunnel face, and constructing a lower step and an inverted arch by falling to form a normal working face.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310418635.2A CN116464453A (en) | 2023-04-18 | 2023-04-18 | Construction method for quick turning of hard rock tunnel through one-time roof picking |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310418635.2A CN116464453A (en) | 2023-04-18 | 2023-04-18 | Construction method for quick turning of hard rock tunnel through one-time roof picking |
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| CN116464453A true CN116464453A (en) | 2023-07-21 |
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| CN202310418635.2A Pending CN116464453A (en) | 2023-04-18 | 2023-04-18 | Construction method for quick turning of hard rock tunnel through one-time roof picking |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117967323A (en) * | 2024-03-21 | 2024-05-03 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Reinforcing ring structure at hydraulic tunnel fork-to-branch hole interface and roof-picking construction method |
-
2023
- 2023-04-18 CN CN202310418635.2A patent/CN116464453A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117967323A (en) * | 2024-03-21 | 2024-05-03 | 中铁四局集团有限公司 | Reinforcing ring structure at hydraulic tunnel fork-to-branch hole interface and roof-picking construction method |
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