CN116462479A - Method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by using harmless phosphogypsum - Google Patents
Method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by using harmless phosphogypsum Download PDFInfo
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- CN116462479A CN116462479A CN202310416150.XA CN202310416150A CN116462479A CN 116462479 A CN116462479 A CN 116462479A CN 202310416150 A CN202310416150 A CN 202310416150A CN 116462479 A CN116462479 A CN 116462479A
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- phosphogypsum
- harmless
- ecological reconstruction
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- PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate dihydrate Chemical compound O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PASHVRUKOFIRIK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 title claims abstract description 175
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 abstract description 58
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 10
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000002431 foraging effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012065 filter cake Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 organic matters Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/145—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form
- C04B28/147—Calcium sulfate hemi-hydrate with a specific crystal form beta-hemihydrate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B20/00—Use of materials as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone according to more than one of groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 and characterised by shape or grain distribution; Treatment of materials according to more than one of the groups C04B14/00 - C04B18/00 specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Expanding or defibrillating materials
- C04B20/02—Treatment
- C04B20/023—Chemical treatment
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00758—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for agri-, sylvi- or piscicultural or cattle-breeding applications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00474—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00767—Uses not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00 for waste stabilisation purposes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by utilizing harmless phosphogypsum, and relates to the technical field of phosphogypsum harmless treatment and resource utilization. Further carrying out chemical treatment on the phosphogypsum subjected to the water washing deep purification to obtain the phosphogypsum subjected to harmless treatment; and (3) using the mixture of the treated phosphogypsum and the beta-type building gypsum for mine ecological reconstruction. Through the harmless treatment of phosphogypsum, the phosphogypsum and the building gypsum are used for ecological reconstruction, thereby realizing the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum, reducing the risk possibly brought by stacking, simultaneously promoting the ecological construction of mines, having remarkable environmental benefit and economic benefit and having outstanding technical effect and application value. The water-washed phosphogypsum is further subjected to chemical treatment, so that the targeted capturing, fixing and solidifying of harmful substances are realized, insoluble substances are formed, and the leaching of harmful substances possibly damaging the environment in the ecological reconstruction material is effectively controlled, so that the safety and environmental protection of the material are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of phosphogypsum innocent treatment and resource utilization, in particular to a method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by utilizing innocent phosphogypsum.
Background
Mineral resources are important components in a resource structure system of China, so that the demands of China society for resources can be fully met, but with the high-speed development of economy, the demands of various industries for different mineral resources are also increased. Under the long-term exploitation of mineral resources, the ecological environment structure of the mine is seriously threatened. Because various base materials have high cost and little effect in the reconstruction process of the ecological environment of the mine, few mines with ecological restoration are truly obtained.
Phosphogypsum is a by-product of a wet phosphoric acid process, and mainly comprises calcium sulfate dihydrate, and further contains impurities such as undegraded phosphate ore, silicon dioxide, organic matters, phosphorus, fluorine and the like. The accumulated stocking amount is counted to be more than 8.3 hundred million tons nationwide, and the accumulated stocking amount is still growing at the speed of 7500 ten thousand tons every year, so that a large amount of land is occupied; in addition, the harmful components such as water-soluble phosphorus, fluorine, heavy metal and the like contained in phosphogypsum can be leached along with natural rainfall, so that the harmful components enter the surrounding water body, and the environmental risk is high. At present, most of phosphogypsum is utilized in three major fields of agriculture, construction and roads, and mainly adopts primary utilization approaches of cement retarder, various building material products and the like.
If phosphogypsum can be used for ecological reconstruction of a mine reclamation area, on one hand, the comprehensive utilization range of phosphogypsum can be improved, and on the other hand, the ecological environment of the mine can be greatly improved under the condition of low cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by utilizing harmless phosphogypsum, which solves the problems of low comprehensive utilization rate of phosphogypsum and high mine ecological reconstruction cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by using harmless phosphogypsum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, further carrying out chemical treatment on phosphogypsum subjected to water washing deep purification to obtain phosphogypsum subjected to harmless treatment;
s2, using the mixture of the treated phosphogypsum and the beta-type building gypsum for mine ecological reconstruction.
The further technical scheme is that the specific steps of the step S2 are as follows:
s2-1, uniformly mixing harmless phosphogypsum and beta-type building gypsum according to a proportion, conveying to a mine surface for flattening, and rolling after stacking to ensure that the dry density is more than or equal to 96%, so as to obtain an ecological reconstruction base layer;
s2-2, uniformly mixing harmless phosphogypsum and beta-type building gypsum according to a proportion, and accumulating the mixed phosphogypsum and beta-type building gypsum on the surface of the ecological reconstruction base layer at intervals to form a protective layer;
s2-3, uniformly mixing harmless phosphogypsum, beta-type building gypsum, grass seeds, soil and water according to a proportion, and paving the mixture between the protective layers to obtain a vegetation growth layer.
The further technical scheme is that the specific chemical treatment step in the step S1 is to sequentially add an alkaline regulator, a targeted solidification stabilizer and an exciting agent into the phosphogypsum after water washing, fully stir and mix the materials uniformly, and then store, age and age the materials to obtain harmless phosphogypsum.
The further technical proposal is that the dosage of the phosphogypsum, the alkaline regulator, the targeted solidification stabilizer and the excitant by weight parts is as follows: 100 parts of dry phosphogypsum, 0.5-1.5 parts of alkaline regulator, 1-2 parts of targeted solidification stabilizer and 0.5-1.5 parts of exciting agent.
The further technical proposal is that the alkaline regulator is one or more of carbide slag, quicklime and caustic soda.
The further technical proposal is that the targeted solidification stabilizer is one or more of polyacrylamide, polymeric ferric sulfate, polyaluminium chloride, silicate cement, calcium chloride and alum.
The further technical proposal is that the excitant is one or more of fly ash and water glass.
The further technical proposal is that the phosphogypsum subjected to the water washing deep purification has the water content of 18-25%, the pH value of 5.14, the water-soluble phosphorus content of 440mg/L and the water-soluble fluorine content of 29.36mg/L.
The further technical scheme is that the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to beta-type building gypsum in the step S2-1 is 2-4:1, the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to beta-type building gypsum in the step S2-2 is 1-3:1, and the mass ratio of harmless phosphogypsum, beta-type building gypsum, grass seeds, soil and water is 1-4:1-3:1:1:1.
The further technical proposal is that the stacking thickness in the step S2-1 is 30-60 cm, and the laying thickness in the step S2-3 is 10-30 cm.
The further technical scheme is that the specific steps of the phosphogypsum deeply purified by water washing are as follows: adding water into the byproduct phosphogypsum in the wet-process phosphoric acid production process to reslurry, and controlling the solid content to be 20-40%; filtering the re-pulped phosphogypsum by a filter, and washing a gypsum filter cake by multistage countercurrent.
The working mechanism is as follows:
the byproduct dihydrate phosphogypsum produced in the wet-process phosphoric acid production is subjected to physical water washing, and then is subjected to a targeted solidification stabilization technology, and chemical reaction is carried out with phosphogypsum through addition of auxiliaries such as an alkaline regulator, a targeted solidification stabilizer, an exciting agent and the like, so that unwashed soluble phosphorus, fluorine and other impurities in the phosphogypsum are solidified and stabilized to form insoluble substances, thereby achieving solidification stabilization of toxic substances, realizing harmless treatment of the phosphogypsum, and meeting the entrance requirement of common industrial solid waste as a mine ecological restoration material. The mine ecological reconstruction technology mainly uses harmless phosphogypsum as a main raw material, and is compounded with phosphogypsum, grass seeds, water and the like, and the mixed materials are used as ecological reconstruction materials after being uniformly mixed, so that ecological reconstruction is realized, and natural disasters such as landslide and the like are prevented.
Wherein, the targeted solidification stabilization technology in chemical treatment uses high molecular inorganic salt to generate insoluble salts of soluble harmful components, so as to solidify soluble phosphorus and fluorine. According to three existing forms of soluble phosphorus in phosphogypsum: PO (Positive oxide) 4 3- 、HPO 4 2- 、H 2 PO 4 3- One form of soluble fluorine: f (F) - The main mechanism of solidification and stabilization of toxic substances is the generation and adsorption wrapping effect of insoluble substances through the chemical reaction of the added auxiliary agent and phosphogypsum. Namely, the added auxiliary agent is subjected to chemical reaction on the surface of phosphogypsum crystal to generate CaAl 2 Si 2 O 8 And 3 CaO.Al 2 O 2 ·3CaSO 4 ·32H 2 O and other substances are gel active substances, which are helpful for flocculation and agglomeration, and further target adsorption, encapsulation, water-soluble phosphorus, fluorine, heavy metal ions and the like contained in phosphogypsum. The harmful substances are targeted for capturing, fixing and solidifying to form indissolvable and insoluble substances, so that leaching of harmful substances possibly damaging the environment in the ecological reconstruction material is effectively controlled, and the safety and environmental protection of the material are ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. through the harmless treatment of phosphogypsum, the phosphogypsum and the building gypsum are used for ecological reconstruction, thereby realizing the comprehensive utilization of phosphogypsum, reducing the risk possibly brought by stacking, simultaneously promoting the ecological construction of mines, having remarkable environmental benefit and economic benefit and having outstanding technical effect and application value.
2. The water-washed phosphogypsum is further subjected to chemical treatment, so that the targeted capturing, fixing and solidifying of harmful substances are realized, insoluble substances are formed, and the leaching of harmful substances possibly damaging the environment in the ecological reconstruction material is effectively controlled, so that the safety and environmental protection of the material are ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the ecological reconstruction of a mine in the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
A method for carrying out ecological reconstruction by using harmless phosphogypsum comprises two technical integration of phosphogypsum harmless treatment and mine ecological reconstruction.
(1) Phosphogypsum innocent treatment
Specifically, according to the phosphogypsum deep purification method disclosed in CN111892314A, adding water into the byproduct phosphogypsum in the wet process phosphoric acid production process to reslurry, and controlling the solid content to be 20-40%; filtering the re-pulped phosphogypsum by a filter, and washing a gypsum filter cake by multistage countercurrent. The phosphogypsum obtained by passing through the phosphogypsum washing device is washed, the water content is 18%, and the main indexes of the leaching solution are shown in the table 1-1.
TABLE 1-1 Main index (mg/L) of the washed phosphogypsum leachate
500 parts of water-washed phosphogypsum, 5 parts of alkaline regulator quicklime, 5 parts of targeted solidification stabilizer polymeric ferric sulfate and 5 parts of excitant fly ash are taken, mixed with the water-washed phosphogypsum, fully stirred for 30 minutes, placed in a beaker at normal temperature, kept stand for aging, and after curing, the index of the leaching liquid is measured according to the horizontal oscillation method of solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method (HJ 557-2010), and the test result is shown in tables 1-2.
TABLE 1-2 Main index (mg/L) of harmless phosphogypsum leachate in example 1
Note that: "/" indicates no detection
(2) Ecological reconstruction
(I) Base layer treatment
And (3) placing harmless phosphogypsum and phosphogypsum in high-speed mixing equipment according to the ratio of 4:1, fully and uniformly stirring, conveying the mixed material to an outer slope by using a small bulldozer, flattening the mixed material, stacking the mixed material to the thickness of 30cm, rolling the mixed material by using a vibration rolling machine, ensuring that the dry density is more than or equal to 96%, and reserving a leaching liquid collecting pipeline at the bottom of a base layer.
(II) protective layer treatment
On the basis of a base layer, harmless phosphogypsum and phosphogypsum are mixed according to a ratio of 3:1, a protective layer is paved every 1 meter, and a drainage pipeline is arranged.
(III) vegetation growth layer
Harmless phosphogypsum, phosphogypsum powder, grass seeds, soil and water are uniformly mixed according to a ratio of 1:1:1:1:1 and then are paved between the protective layers as vegetation growth layers, and the paving thickness is 10 cm.
Example 2
(1) Phosphogypsum harmless treatment
Specifically, the phosphogypsum obtained by passing through the phosphogypsum washing device of our department has the water content of 18%, and the main indexes of the leaching solution are shown in the table 2-1.
TABLE 2-1 Main index (mg/L) of washed phosphogypsum leaching solution
500 parts of water-washed phosphogypsum, 5 parts of alkaline regulator carbide slag, 5 parts of targeted solidification stabilizer polymeric ferric sulfate and 5 parts of excitant fly ash are taken, mixed with the water-washed phosphogypsum, fully stirred for 30 minutes, placed in a beaker at normal temperature, kept stand for aging, cured, and then the index of the leaching solution is measured according to the horizontal oscillation method of solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method (HJ 557-2010), and the test result is shown in tables 2-2.
TABLE 2-2 Main index (mg/L) of harmless phosphogypsum leaching solution in example 2
Note that: "/" indicates no detection
(2) Ecological reconstruction
(I) Base layer treatment
And (3) placing harmless phosphogypsum and phosphogypsum in high-speed mixing equipment according to the proportion of 3:1, fully and uniformly stirring, conveying the mixed material to an outer slope by using a small bulldozer, flattening the mixed material, stacking the mixed material to the thickness of 50 cm, rolling the mixed material by using a vibration rolling machine, ensuring that the dry density is more than or equal to 96%, and reserving a leaching liquid collecting pipeline at the bottom of a base layer.
(II) protective layer treatment
On the basis of a base layer, harmless phosphogypsum and phosphogypsum are mixed according to the proportion of 2:1, and a protective layer and a drainage pipeline are paved every 1 meter.
(III) vegetation growth layer
Harmless phosphogypsum, phosphogypsum powder, grass seeds, soil and water are uniformly mixed according to a ratio of 2:1:1:1:1 and then are paved between the protective layers as vegetation growth layers, and the paving thickness is 20 cm.
Example 3
(1) Phosphogypsum harmless part
Specifically, the phosphogypsum obtained by passing through the phosphogypsum washing device of my department is washed, the water content is 18%, and the main indexes of the leaching solution are shown in the table 3-1.
TABLE 3-1 Main index (mg/L) of the washed phosphogypsum leaching solution
500 parts of water-washed phosphogypsum, 5 parts of alkaline regulator quicklime, 5 parts of targeted solidification stabilizer polyaluminium chloride and 5 parts of excitant fly ash are taken, mixed with the water-washed phosphogypsum, fully stirred for 30 minutes, placed in a beaker at normal temperature, kept stand for aging, and after curing, the index of the leaching solution is measured according to the horizontal oscillation method of solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method (HJ 557-2010), and the test result is shown in Table 3-2.
TABLE 3-2 example 3 Main index (mg/L) of harmless phosphogypsum leaching solution
(2) Ecological reconstruction
(I) Base layer treatment
And (3) placing harmless phosphogypsum and phosphogypsum in high-speed mixing equipment according to the proportion of 2:1, fully and uniformly stirring, conveying the mixed material to an outer slope by using a small bulldozer, flattening the mixed material, stacking the mixed material to the thickness of 60cm, rolling the mixed material by using a vibration rolling machine, ensuring that the dry density is more than or equal to 96%, and reserving a leaching liquid collecting pipeline at the bottom of a base layer.
(II) protective layer treatment
On the basis of a base layer, harmless phosphogypsum and phosphogypsum are mixed according to a ratio of 1:1, and a protective layer and a drainage pipeline are paved every 1 meter.
(III) vegetation growth layer
Harmless phosphogypsum, phosphogypsum powder, grass seeds, soil and water are uniformly mixed according to a ratio of 3:1:1:1:1, and then are paved between the protective layers as vegetation growth layers, wherein the paving thickness is 30cm.
Example 4
(1) Phosphogypsum harmless part
Specifically, the phosphogypsum obtained by passing through the phosphogypsum washing device of our department has the water content of 18%, and the main indexes of the leaching solution are shown in the table 4-1.
TABLE 4-1 Main index (mg/L) of the washed phosphogypsum leaching solution
500 parts of water-washed phosphogypsum, 5 parts of alkaline regulator quicklime, 5 parts of targeted coagulation stabilizer polyacrylamide and 5 parts of excitant fly ash are taken, mixed with the water-washed phosphogypsum, fully stirred for 30 minutes, placed in a beaker at normal temperature, kept stand for aging, cured, and then the index of the leaching solution is measured according to the horizontal oscillation method of solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method (HJ 557-2010), and the test result is shown in Table 4-2.
TABLE 4-2 example 4 Main index (mg/L) of harmless phosphogypsum leaching solution
Note that: "/" indicates no detection
(2) Ecological reconstruction part
(I) Base layer treatment
And (3) placing harmless phosphogypsum and phosphogypsum in high-speed mixing equipment according to the proportion of 2:1, fully and uniformly stirring, conveying the mixed material to an outer slope by using a small bulldozer, flattening the mixed material, stacking the mixed material to the thickness of 60cm, rolling the mixed material by using a vibration rolling machine, ensuring that the dry density is more than or equal to 96%, and reserving a leaching liquid collecting pipeline at the bottom of a base layer.
(II) protective layer treatment
On the basis of a base layer, harmless phosphogypsum and phosphogypsum are mixed according to a ratio of 1:1, and a protective layer and a drainage pipeline are paved every 1 meter.
(III) vegetation growth layer
And uniformly mixing harmless phosphogypsum, phosphogypsum powder, grass seeds, soil and water according to a ratio of 4:1:1:1:1, and paving the mixture between the protective layers as a vegetation growth layer, wherein the paving thickness is 30cm.
Example 5
(1) Phosphogypsum innocent treatment part
Specifically, the phosphogypsum obtained by passing through the phosphogypsum washing device of my department is washed, the water content is 18%, and the main indexes of the leaching solution are shown in the table 5-1.
TABLE 5-1 Main index (mg/L) of the washed phosphogypsum leaching solution
500 parts of water-washed phosphogypsum, 5 parts of alkaline regulator quicklime, 5 parts of targeted setting stabilizer silicate cement and 5 parts of excitant fly ash are taken, mixed with the water-washed phosphogypsum, fully stirred for 30 minutes, placed in a beaker at normal temperature, kept stand for aging, cured, and then the index of leaching liquid is measured according to the horizontal oscillation method of solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method (HJ 557-2010), and the test result is shown in Table 5-2.
TABLE 5-2 Main index (mg/L) of harmless phosphogypsum leachate in example 5
Note that: "/" indicates no detection
(2) Ecological reconstruction
(I) Base layer treatment
And (3) placing harmless phosphogypsum and phosphogypsum in high-speed mixing equipment according to the proportion of 2:1, fully and uniformly stirring, conveying the mixed material to an outer slope by using a small bulldozer, flattening the mixed material, stacking the mixed material to the thickness of 60cm, rolling the mixed material by using a vibration rolling machine, ensuring that the dry density is more than or equal to 96%, and reserving a leaching liquid collecting pipeline at the bottom of a base layer.
(II) protective layer treatment
On the basis of a base layer, harmless phosphogypsum and phosphogypsum are mixed according to a ratio of 1:1, and a protective layer and a drainage pipeline are paved every 1 meter.
(III) vegetation growth layer
And uniformly mixing harmless phosphogypsum, phosphogypsum powder, grass seeds, soil and water according to a ratio of 3:2:1:1:1, and paving the mixture between the protective layers as a vegetation growth layer, wherein the paving thickness is 30cm.
Example 6
(1) Phosphogypsum harmless part
Specifically, the phosphogypsum obtained by passing through the phosphogypsum washing device of my department is washed, the water content is 18%, and the main indexes of the leaching solution are shown in table 6-1.
TABLE 6-1 Main index (mg/L) of the washed phosphogypsum leaching solution
500 parts of water-washed phosphogypsum, 5 parts of alkaline regulator quicklime, 5 parts of targeted solidification stabilizer polymeric ferric sulfate and 5 parts of excitant water glass are taken, mixed with the water-washed phosphogypsum, fully stirred for 30 minutes, placed in a beaker at normal temperature, kept stand for aging, and after curing, the index of the leaching solution is measured according to the solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method horizontal oscillation method (HJ 557-2010), and the test result is shown in Table 6-2.
TABLE 6-2 Main index (mg/L) of harmless phosphogypsum leaching solution in EXAMPLE 6
Note that: "/" indicates no detection
(2) Ecological reconstruction
(I) Base layer treatment
And (3) placing harmless phosphogypsum and phosphogypsum in high-speed mixing equipment according to the proportion of 2:1, fully and uniformly stirring, conveying the mixed material to an outer slope by using a small bulldozer, flattening the mixed material, stacking the mixed material to the thickness of 60cm, rolling the mixed material by using a vibration rolling machine, ensuring that the dry density is more than or equal to 96%, and reserving a leaching liquid collecting pipeline at the bottom of a base layer.
(II) protective layer treatment
On the basis of a base layer, harmless phosphogypsum and phosphogypsum are mixed according to a ratio of 1:1, and a protective layer and a drainage pipeline are paved every 1 meter.
(III) vegetation growth layer
And uniformly mixing harmless phosphogypsum, phosphogypsum powder, grass seeds, soil and water according to a ratio of 3:3:1:1:1, and paving the mixture between the protective layers as a vegetation growth layer, wherein the paving thickness is 30cm.
Example 7
To further verify the solidification stabilizing effect of the targeted solidification stabilizer on phosphorus and fluorine impurities in chemical treatment, comparative example verification was performed.
Comparative example 1
500 parts of water-washed phosphogypsum, 5 parts of alkaline regulator quicklime and 5 parts of excitant fly ash are taken, mixed with the water-washed phosphogypsum, fully stirred for 30 minutes, placed in a beaker at normal temperature, kept stand for aging, cured, and then the index of the leaching liquid is measured according to the horizontal vibration method of solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method (HJ 557-2010), and the test result is shown in Table 7-1.
TABLE 7-1 comparative example 1 Main index (mg/L) of harmless phosphogypsum leaching solution
Comparative example 2
500 parts of water-washed phosphogypsum, 5 parts of alkaline regulator carbide slag and 5 parts of exciting agent fly ash are taken, mixed with the water-washed phosphogypsum, fully stirred for 30 minutes, placed in a beaker at normal temperature, kept stand for aging, cured, and then the index of leaching liquid is measured according to the horizontal vibration method of solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method (HJ 557-2010), and the test result is shown in Table 7-2.
TABLE 7-2 comparative example 2 Main index (mg/L) of harmless phosphogypsum leaching solution
Note that: "/" indicates no detection
Comparative example 3
500 parts of water-washed phosphogypsum, 5 parts of alkaline regulator quicklime and 5 parts of excitant sodium silicate are taken and mixed, fully stirred for 30 minutes with the water-washed phosphogypsum, placed in a beaker at normal temperature for standing and aging, and the index of leaching liquid is measured according to the horizontal vibration method of solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method (HJ 557-2010) after curing, and the test result is shown in tables 7-3.
TABLE 7-3 comparative example 3 Main index (mg/L) of harmless phosphogypsum leaching solution
Comparative example 4
500 parts of water-washed phosphogypsum, 5 parts of alkaline regulator carbide slag and 5 parts of excitant water glass are taken, mixed, fully stirred for 30 minutes with the water-washed phosphogypsum, placed in a beaker at normal temperature for standing and aging, and the index of leaching liquid is measured according to the horizontal oscillation method of solid waste leaching toxicity leaching method (HJ 557-2010) after curing, and the test results are shown in tables 7-4.
TABLE 7-4 comparative example 4 Main index (mg/L) of harmless phosphogypsum leaching solution
It can be seen from tables 7-1 to 7-4 that phosphogypsum treated without the addition of the targeted set stabilizer, wherein the F and P contents hardly meet the requirements of the standard limits.
While the invention has been described herein with reference to a number of illustrative embodiments thereof, it should be understood that numerous other modifications and embodiments can be devised by those skilled in the art that will fall within the scope of the disclosure herein. More specifically, various modifications and improvements may be made to the component parts or arrangements within the scope of the disclosure, drawings and claims of this application. In addition to variations and modifications in the component parts or arrangements, other uses will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
Claims (10)
1. A method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by using harmless phosphogypsum is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, further carrying out chemical treatment on phosphogypsum subjected to water washing deep purification to obtain phosphogypsum subjected to harmless treatment;
s2, using the mixture of the treated phosphogypsum and the beta-type building gypsum for mine ecological reconstruction.
2. The method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by using harmless phosphogypsum according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the specific steps of the step S2 are as follows:
s2-1, uniformly mixing harmless phosphogypsum and beta-type building gypsum according to a proportion, conveying to a mine surface for flattening, and rolling after stacking to ensure that the dry density is more than or equal to 96%, so as to obtain an ecological reconstruction base layer;
s2-2, uniformly mixing harmless phosphogypsum and beta-type building gypsum according to a proportion, and accumulating the mixed phosphogypsum and beta-type building gypsum on the surface of the ecological reconstruction base layer at intervals to form a protective layer;
s2-3, uniformly mixing harmless phosphogypsum, beta-type building gypsum, grass seeds, soil and water according to a proportion, and paving the mixture between the protective layers to obtain a vegetation growth layer.
3. The method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by using harmless phosphogypsum according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the specific chemical treatment step in the step S1 is to sequentially add an alkaline regulator, a targeted solidification stabilizer and an exciting agent into the phosphogypsum after water washing, fully stir and mix the materials uniformly, and then store, age and age the materials to obtain harmless phosphogypsum.
4. A method for mine ecological reconstruction by using harmless phosphogypsum according to claim 3, which is characterized in that: the dosage of the phosphogypsum, the alkaline regulator, the targeted coagulation stabilizer and the excitant is calculated according to parts by weight as follows: 100 parts of dry phosphogypsum, 0.5-1.5 parts of alkaline regulator, 1-2 parts of targeted solidification stabilizer and 0.5-1.5 parts of exciting agent.
5. The method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by using harmless phosphogypsum as set forth in claim 4, which is characterized in that: the alkaline regulator is one or more of carbide slag, quicklime and caustic soda.
6. The method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by using harmless phosphogypsum as set forth in claim 4, which is characterized in that: the targeted solidification stabilizer is one or more of polyacrylamide, polymeric ferric sulfate, polyaluminum chloride, silicate cement, calcium chloride and alum.
7. The method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by using harmless phosphogypsum as set forth in claim 4, which is characterized in that: the exciting agent is one or more of fly ash and water glass.
8. The method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by using harmless phosphogypsum according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the phosphogypsum subjected to the water washing deep purification has the water content of 18-25%, the pH value of 5.14, the water-soluble phosphorus content of 440mg/L and the water-soluble fluorine content of 29.36mg/L.
9. The method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by using harmless phosphogypsum according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to beta-type building gypsum in the step S2-1 is 2-4:1, the mass ratio of phosphogypsum to beta-type building gypsum in the step S2-2 is 1-3:1, and the mass ratio of harmless phosphogypsum, beta-type building gypsum, grass seeds, soil and water is 1-4:1-3:1:1:1.
10. The method for carrying out mine ecological reconstruction by using harmless phosphogypsum according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: the stacking thickness in the step S2-1 is 30-60 cm, and the laying thickness in the step S2-3 is 10-30 cm.
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