CN116454722A - Temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization method and device based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking - Google Patents
Temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization method and device based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking Download PDFInfo
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- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/136—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude by controlling devices placed within the cavity
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- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
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Abstract
The invention provides a temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization method and device based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking. Relates to the field of laser interferometry. Aiming at the problem of frequency stabilization of a laser in a wide temperature range environment, the invention provides and combines an inter-partition preheating method and an unbalanced power locking frequency stabilization method, the laser is stabilized to a single temperature point in a set temperature range through the partition of the environmental temperature and the partition, a laser frequency model is established through experiments by utilizing an unbalanced power locking scheme to correct a frequency stabilization datum point, and the drift of the laser frequency along with the temperature is compensatedAnd (5) moving. The effective working environment temperature range of the method and the device reaches-20 to 40 ℃, and the relative accuracy of the laser frequency is better than 1.0x10 ‑8 The high-accuracy frequency stabilization of the laser can be realized at extreme temperature, and the anti-interference performance of the laser under the condition of wide temperature range is effectively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of laser application, and particularly relates to an anti-temperature interference laser frequency stabilization method and device based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking.
Background
With the development of high-end precision manufacturing technology, the ultra-precision measurement technology has higher requirements on measurement precision, measurement speed and measurement environment, and the development direction tends to be efficient, large-scale, high-precision and the like. At present, the laser interferometry technology has become a key core technology in ultra-precise research, and the laser wavelength is a reference of interferometry and directly affects the measurement result, so how to improve the accuracy of the wavelength is a problem to be solved. When the laser wavelength stabilizing technology is oriented to a wide temperature range condition, the laser wavelength stabilizing technology has greater challenges, which severely limits the measuring environment of the laser interferometer and is inconvenient for on-site measurement experiments. In order to improve the anti-interference performance of the laser tube interferometer, the laser frequency stabilization technology under the wide temperature range condition must be further researched.
The laser frequency stabilization technology mainly comprises a lamb concave laser frequency stabilization technology, a saturation absorption laser frequency stabilization technology, a double longitudinal mode laser frequency stabilization technology and the like. The lamb recess frequency stabilization technology is to utilize the lamb recess power characteristic to perform laser frequency stabilization control, namely the phenomenon that the output power of a non-uniformly widened gas laser can be reduced in power at the center frequency of a gain curve, so that a recess of a power curve formed by a power minimum appears, and when the laser frequency deviates from the center frequency, the output power of the laser can be gradually increased, thereby realizing the stability of the laser frequency. However, the lamb notch frequency stabilization technique cannot be directly applied to a laser interferometry system. For the saturated absorption laser frequency stabilization technology, taking the widely applied iodine molecule absorption laser frequency stabilization method as an example, the current application is mainly aimed at the measurement standard mechanism, although the frequency stabilization accuracy is as high as 10 -11 But the internal piezoelectric ceramic device is sensitive to vibrationThe vibration isolation and temperature control experimental environment is limited. For the wide temperature range condition, the iodine frequency stabilization laser can not be applied to the laser interference device.
The dual longitudinal mode frequency stabilization technology is widely applied at present, and utilizes the power characteristic that the frequency and the power of two longitudinal mode components are correspondingly changed according to the change of the laser cavity length, and the frequency stabilization control is carried out by using a reference point with the power difference of zero. In 1972, scholars r.balhorn and h.kunzman proposed a dual longitudinal mode laser frequency stabilization scheme based on discharge current control for the first time (Balhorn R, kunzmann H, lebowsky f.frequency stabilization ofinternal-minor helix-neon lasers.appl opt.1972apr 1;11 (4): 742-4), and the stability of gain gas in the laser tube was regulated by the magnitude of the discharge current, thereby realizing frequency stabilization control. However, the method has great influence on the center frequency of the gain curve, and the frequency stabilization accuracy only reaches 10 -7 . In 2009, a university of Harbin industry proposed a dual longitudinal mode laser compound frequency stabilization method and device based on a thermoelectric refrigerator (Chinese patent: CN 101615757B), wherein the method uses the thermoelectric refrigerator as an execution device for laser tube temperature control, adjusts the laser tube temperature by controlling the magnitude and direction of the thermoelectric refrigerator current, and uses the difference of the dual longitudinal mode power of the laser as a feedback signal, thereby realizing frequency stabilization. However, due to the structural limitation of the TEC, the method can only be installed on one side of the laser tube, which affects the heat transfer performance of the TEC and the TEC, so that the anti-interference performance of the laser under the wide temperature range condition is severely limited, and the frequency stability of the laser cannot be ensured.
The thermal frequency stabilization method of the double longitudinal mode laser is used as another frequency stabilization method, and the heating quantity is controlled by adjusting the driving voltage of the heating film attached to the surface of the laser tube, so that the purposes of adjusting the temperature of the laser tube and controlling the frequency stabilization are achieved. In 1985, the scholars Katuo Seta first proposed a method of stabilizing the frequency by thermal modulation of a thin film heater and improved the short term frequency stability of the laser tube. Based on the laser thermal frequency stabilization method, the university of Harbin industry proposes a laser frequency stabilization method and a device based on a temperature self-sensing flexible thin film heater (Chinese patent CN111092362B: the laser frequency stabilization method and the device based on the temperature self-sensing flexible thin film heater) to realize6×10 -9 The high-frequency reproducibility of the system can efficiently acquire real-time temperature data and effectively overcome the thermal hysteresis effect. However, the effective working temperature of the method is limited to a small range of room temperature, and the problem of temperature drift of laser frequency caused by large temperature change in a wide temperature range cannot be solved.
Besides, the air-cooling frequency stabilization method and the water-cooling frequency stabilization method can also be used for adjusting the laser cavity length. MOPA pulse fiber laser developed by domestic GD company is a high-power fiber laser with adjustable pulse width, which uses air cooling frequency stabilization mode. However, the laser with the air cooling adjusting mode has poor anti-interference performance in a wide temperature range condition, so that long-term high-frequency stability is difficult to realize. For a water-cooling frequency stabilization mode, the technology has the comprehensive advantages of high heat dissipation power, small vibration characteristic, small heat pollution and the like, the water-cooling heat dissipation type frequency stabilization laser ZYGO7714 researched and developed by the foreign ZYGO company has high frequency stabilization performance, but the water-cooling structure is complex, the overall system design cost is high, and the requirements of keeping the water temperature constant at 20-25 ℃ and controlling the flow rate under the wide temperature range condition are difficult to realize.
In terms of software, the frequency stabilization algorithm is also a key part of the frequency stabilization process. The traditional analog PID control has been replaced by a digital PID control algorithm due to the disadvantages of complex structure, poor algorithm portability, weak drift characteristics of the analog circuit, weak anti-interference capability and the like. The existing prediction algorithms such as PFC, smith-PI and the like are applied to frequency stabilization control, and have great advantages in the aspects of speed, anti-interference performance and the like. However, the currently adopted optical power balancing method cannot solve the temperature drift problem of the frequency stabilization temperature point. Aiming at a frequency stabilization algorithm under a wide temperature range condition, a new unbalanced power frequency stabilization scheme is provided on the basis of a double longitudinal mode thermal frequency stabilization method, and high-precision frequency stabilization is realized on the basis of temperature track preheating and reasonable target preheating temperature point selection.
From the above analysis, the existing dual longitudinal mode he—ne laser cannot meet the dual requirements of high frequency accuracy and wide operating temperature range at the same time. When the temperature range reaches the extreme temperature of-20 to 40 ℃, the measuring device to which the laser belongs cannot work normally even. Taking an absolute gravimeter as an example, a large number of field measurement experiments need to be faced, while a laser interferometer needs to be used as a length measurement reference of the absolute gravimeter, and a high anti-interference performance method of the laser interferometer needs to be developed and researched, so that the experimental problem in practical application is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an anti-temperature interference laser frequency stabilization method and device based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking.
The invention is realized through the following technical scheme that the invention provides an anti-temperature interference laser frequency stabilization device based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking, which comprises a laser power supply 1, a laser tube 2, a depolarization beam splitter prism 3, an optical isolator 4, a polarization beam splitter prism 5, a temperature measuring circuit and a frequency stabilization circuit; the laser power supply 1 is connected to two ends of the laser tube 2 to provide electric energy, light holes are formed in two sides of the laser tube 2, the depolarization beam splitter prism 3 is positioned in the direction of the light holes on any side, the laser tube 2, the depolarization beam splitter prism 3 and the optical isolator 4 are sequentially connected in a unidirectional mode, laser output by the laser tube 2 is split by the depolarization beam splitter prism 3, transmitted light outputs stable-frequency laser by the optical isolator 4, and reflected light is split again by the polarization beam splitter prism 5; the temperature measuring circuit comprises an intracavity temperature measuring circuit 9 and an environment temperature measuring circuit 13, wherein the intracavity temperature measuring circuit 9 is used for collecting the temperature of the laser tube 2, and the environment temperature measuring circuit 13 is used for collecting the external environment temperature of the laser shell 14; the frequency stabilizing circuit comprises a photoelectric detector 6, an I/V conversion circuit 7, an A/D converter 8, a D/A converter 10, a film driving circuit 11, a heating film 12 and a microprocessor 15; the photoelectric detector 6, the I/V conversion circuit 7, the A/D converter 8 and the microprocessor 15 are sequentially connected in a unidirectional manner, and the microprocessor 15, the D/A converter 10, the film driving circuit 11 and the heating film 12 are sequentially connected in a unidirectional manner.
Further, the laser power supply 1 is used for providing electric energy for the laser tube 2;
the laser tube 2 is a double longitudinal mode laser tube and is used for outputting bimodal laser to the depolarization beam splitter prism 3;
the depolarization beam splitter prism 3 is used for splitting laser beams, and the transmitted light occupies a larger beam splitting proportion so as to ensure the output light power of the laser, and part of reflected light is transmitted to the polarization beam splitter prism 5;
the optical isolator 4 is used for isolating the laser transmitted in reverse direction by utilizing the Faraday effect so as to prevent the laser return light from affecting the frequency stabilization precision;
the polarization beam splitter prism 5 is used for separating the double longitudinal mode laser and dividing the double longitudinal mode laser into two beams of horizontal polarized light and vertical polarized light with orthogonal polarization directions;
the photodetector 6 is configured to convert an optical signal into an electrical signal, and to read a pair of orthogonal polarized optical signals output by the polarization splitting prism 5, convert the optical signals into electrical signals, and output the electrical signals to the I/V conversion circuit 7;
the I/V conversion circuit 7 is configured to convert the two current signals output by the photodetector 6 into voltage signals, and output the voltage signals to the a/D converter 8;
the a/D converter 8 is configured to collect two optical signals output by the I/V conversion circuit 7 and convert the two optical signals into digital signals;
the temperature measuring circuit 9 in the cavity reads the temperature value of the laser tube 2 in real time by using a high-precision temperature sensor, and temperature data are transmitted to the microprocessor 15;
the D/a converter 10 is configured to convert the frequency stabilization control digital signal output by the microprocessor 15 into an analog signal and transmit the analog signal to the thin film driving circuit 11;
the film driving circuit 11 is configured to output a driving signal for heating the film 12 according to the frequency stabilization control analog signal;
the heating film 12 is used as a temperature executing device and is used for heating the laser tube 2 according to a driving signal output by the film driving circuit 11;
the environmental temperature measuring circuit 13 reads the environmental temperature value in real time by using a high-precision temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is arranged on the laser shell 14;
the laser housing 14 is used to isolate the external environment and assemble the optical and electrical components.
Further, the I/V conversion circuit 7 regulates the gain through the microprocessor 15, and is an I/V conversion circuit with adjustable gain.
The invention provides an inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking-based temperature interference-resistant laser frequency stabilization method, which is implemented by applying the inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking-based laser frequency stabilization device, and comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, performing a temperature interval division experiment;
step 2: establishing the laser frequency f along with the ambient temperature T a Is a variation model f (T) a )；
Step 3: measuring the sensitivity K of a laser frequency relative to a double longitudinal mode optical power deviation signal;
step 4: the laser power supply 1 is started, and the environmental temperature T is measured by the environmental temperature measuring circuit 13 a The actual temperature T of the laser tube 2 is acquired by the intracavity temperature measuring circuit 9 tube As the starting temperature value of the laser tube 2 before preheating; according to the dividing result of the temperature interval in the step 1, the ambient temperature T can be obtained a Target preheating temperature point T corresponding to temperature interval n Frequency stabilizing frequency value f n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the According to the temperature change value delta T corresponding to one mode of the laser tube 2 m od, get heated to T n The required pattern change amount N; the laser tube 2 is heated by the heating film 12, and when the mode change value reaches N, namely T, detected by the balance type photoelectric detector 6 tube Reaching the target preheating temperature point T n Finishing the preheating process;
step 5: aiming at the laser frequency stabilization fine tuning stage, the two longitudinal mode light frequencies are V and V ', the light power is measured by the photoelectric detector 6 and is converted into a voltage signal V, V' by the I/V conversion circuit 7; according to the variation model f (T a ) And sensitivity K of laser frequency relative to dual longitudinal mode optical power deviation signal, the microprocessor 15 utilizes the external ambient temperature T a Calculating an error signal offset delta V through a program, and compensating for temperature drift, wherein the unbalanced power frequency stabilization method takes the error signal delta V as a frequency stabilization base at different environmental temperaturesAnd the quasi-correction value is further ensured, so that the laser frequency stability is further ensured.
Further, the step 1 specifically includes:
in a wide temperature range of-20 to 40 ℃, according to the different initial temperatures T of the laser tube 2 a The lower frequency stabilization temperature range is selected to be a plurality of working environment temperature intervals which can reach the same frequency stabilization temperature point; dividing the temperature interval into [ -20, x 1 ]，[x 1 ，x 2 ]，[x 2 ，x 3 ]，…，[x n -1，40]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Reasonably selecting target preheating temperature point T of each interval n Determining the frequency value f of the corresponding frequency stability n 。
Further, the different initial temperatures T a The temperature range of the stable frequency is [ T ] a +25℃，T a +40℃]。
Further, the step 2 specifically includes:
selecting different temperature points T in a temperature range of-20 to 40 DEG C 1 ，T 2 ，T 3 … … performing beat frequency experiments by using longitudinal modes under balanced power and stable frequency respectively, and recording laser center frequency value f of beat frequency experiment results 1 ，f 2 ，f 3 … … processing the experimental data to obtain laser frequency f along with ambient temperature T a Is a variation model f (T) a )。
Further, the step 3 specifically includes:
the optical power deviation signal is obtained by a photoelectric detector 6, and is converted into a voltage error signal DeltaV by an I/V conversion circuit 7, and the deviation signal is changed for a certain amount at a plurality of times in a wide temperature range of-20-40 ℃, the corresponding laser frequency change is observed, and the data are obtainedObtaining sensitivity->
The invention provides electronic equipment, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor realizes the steps of the temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization method based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking when executing the computer program.
The invention provides a computer readable storage medium for storing computer instructions which when executed by a processor realize the steps of the temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization method based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking.
The invention has the main advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention designs an anti-temperature interference laser frequency stabilization method and device based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking, which aims at a laser frequency stabilization method under the wide temperature range condition of-20-40 ℃. The method for locking and stabilizing the frequency by preheating unbalanced power among partitions is provided: the laser is enabled to be stabilized to a single temperature point in a plurality of small temperature ranges in an environment temperature partition mode, and a non-equilibrium power locking scheme is combined to establish a variation model f (T a ) And measuring the sensitivity K of the laser frequency variation relative to the variation of the bi-longitudinal mode optical power deviation signal, thereby correcting the frequency stabilization datum point and compensating the drift of the laser frequency along with the temperature. The temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization method based on the inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking effectively solves the problem of laser frequency stabilization under the condition of wide temperature range, the working temperature range of the laser reaches-20-40 ℃, and the frequency relative accuracy of the frequency stabilization device is better than 1.0 multiplied by 10 -8 。
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a laser frequency stabilization device based on inter-partition preheating unbalanced power locking;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a laser frequency stabilization device and an iodine frequency stabilization laser beat frequency experiment device;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the preheating temperature range and the initial operating temperature of the laser;
FIG. 4 shows the drift f (T) of the beat frequency of the laser with ambient temperature a ) A graph;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing comparison of frequency stabilization effect data of different schemes.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Aiming at the defect of the existing wide-temperature-range laser frequency stabilization method, the invention provides an anti-temperature interference laser frequency stabilization method and device based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking. The invention relates to the field of laser frequency stabilization technology research, and can expand the application range in the fields of laser interferometry and the like. The temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization method based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking provides and combines an inter-partition preheating scheme and an unbalanced power locking scheme, and a laser is subjected to frequency stabilization to a single temperature point in a plurality of small temperature ranges through a temperature interval dividing experiment, so that the laser can rapidly and accurately work at a preset temperature, and rapid preheating is realized; by means of an unbalanced power locking scheme, a laser frequency variation model f (T) a ) And measuring the sensitivity K of the laser frequency variation relative to the variation of the bi-longitudinal mode optical power deviation signal to compensate the drift of the frequency with the temperature. The method has the stable frequency temperature range of minus 20 to 40 ℃ and the relative stable frequency accuracy better than 1.0 multiplied by 10 -8 。
Referring to fig. 1-5, according to the schematic diagram of the temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization device based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking shown in fig. 1, the invention provides the temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization device based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking, wherein the laser frequency stabilization device comprises a laser power supply 1, a laser tube 2, a depolarization beam splitter prism 3, an optical isolator 4, a polarization beam splitter prism 5, a temperature measuring circuit and a frequency stabilization circuit; the laser power supply 1 is connected to two ends of the laser tube 2 to provide electric energy, light holes are formed in two sides of the laser tube 2, the depolarization beam splitter prism 3 is positioned in the direction of the light holes on any side, the laser tube 2, the depolarization beam splitter prism 3 and the optical isolator 4 are sequentially connected in a unidirectional mode, laser output by the laser tube 2 is split by the depolarization beam splitter prism 3, transmitted light outputs stable-frequency laser by the optical isolator 4, and reflected light is split again by the polarization beam splitter prism 5; the temperature measuring circuit comprises an intracavity temperature measuring circuit 9 and an environment temperature measuring circuit 13, wherein the intracavity temperature measuring circuit 9 is used for collecting the temperature of the laser tube 2, and the environment temperature measuring circuit 13 is used for collecting the external environment temperature of the laser shell 14; the frequency stabilizing circuit comprises a photoelectric detector 6, an I/V conversion circuit 7, an A/D converter 8, a D/A converter 10, a film driving circuit 11, a heating film 12 and a microprocessor 15; the photoelectric detector 6, the I/V conversion circuit 7, the A/D converter 8 and the microprocessor 15 are sequentially connected in a unidirectional manner, and the microprocessor 15, the D/A converter 10, the film driving circuit 11 and the heating film 12 are sequentially connected in a unidirectional manner.
The laser power supply 1 is used for providing electric energy for the laser tube 2;
the laser tube 2 is a double longitudinal mode laser tube and is used for outputting bimodal laser to the depolarization beam splitter prism 3;
the depolarization beam splitter prism 3 is used for splitting laser beams, and the transmitted light occupies a larger beam splitting proportion so as to ensure the output light power of the laser, and part of reflected light is transmitted to the polarization beam splitter prism 5;
the optical isolator 4 is used for isolating the laser transmitted in reverse direction by utilizing the Faraday effect so as to prevent the laser return light from affecting the frequency stabilization precision;
the polarization beam splitter prism 5 is used for separating the double longitudinal mode laser and dividing the double longitudinal mode laser into two beams of horizontal polarized light and vertical polarized light with orthogonal polarization directions;
the photodetector 6 is configured to convert an optical signal into an electrical signal, and to read a pair of orthogonal polarized optical signals output by the polarization splitting prism 5, convert the optical signals into electrical signals, and output the electrical signals to the I/V conversion circuit 7;
the I/V conversion circuit 7 is configured to convert the two current signals output by the photodetector 6 into voltage signals, and output the voltage signals to the a/D converter 8;
the a/D converter 8 is configured to collect two optical signals output by the I/V conversion circuit 7 and convert the two optical signals into digital signals;
the temperature measuring circuit 9 in the cavity reads the temperature value of the laser tube 2 in real time by using a high-precision temperature sensor, and temperature data are transmitted to the microprocessor 15;
the D/a converter 10 is configured to convert the frequency stabilization control digital signal output by the microprocessor 15 into an analog signal and transmit the analog signal to the thin film driving circuit 11;
the film driving circuit 11 is configured to output a driving signal for heating the film 12 according to the frequency stabilization control analog signal;
the heating film 12 is used as a temperature executing device and is used for heating the laser tube 2 according to a driving signal output by the film driving circuit 11;
the environmental temperature measuring circuit 13 reads the environmental temperature value in real time by using a high-precision temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is arranged on the laser shell 14;
the laser housing 14 is used to isolate the external environment and assemble the optical and electrical components.
The I/V conversion circuit 7 is adopted in the temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization device based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking, and the gain is regulated and controlled by the microprocessor 15 to be an I/V conversion circuit with adjustable gain.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an anti-temperature interference laser frequency stabilization device and an iodine frequency stabilization laser beat frequency experiment device based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking. According to fig. 2, the frequency-stabilized laser light output by the iodine frequency-stabilized laser 16 is reflected by the reflecting mirror 17, and is combined with the test frequency-stabilized laser light output by the optical isolator 4 at the polarization splitting prism 18, then polarized beat interference is performed by the polarizer 19, the frequency-stabilized laser light is received by the photodetector 20 in the beat frequency experimental device, the output signal of the photodetector 20 is counted by the frequency meter 21, and finally the data is sent to the PC port 22 of the upper computer for data processing, so that the frequency accuracy of the tested laser is obtained.
The invention provides an inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking-based temperature interference-resistant laser frequency stabilization method, which is realized by applying the inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking-based temperature interference-resistant laser frequency stabilization device, wherein the frequency stabilization temperature of a laser tube 2 can reach 40 ℃ according to the difference between the frequency stabilization temperature and the ambient temperature, and the laser cannot realize single-temperature-point frequency stabilization in a wide-temperature-range environment of minus 20-40 ℃. For this, a method of combining inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking frequency stabilization is proposed: the laser is made to stabilize to a single temperature point over multiple small temperature ranges by ambient temperature partitioning and then the drift of laser frequency with temperature is compensated by an unbalanced power lock scheme. The method comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, performing a temperature interval division experiment;
the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
in a wide temperature range of-20 to 40 ℃, according to the different initial temperatures T of the laser tube 2 a A frequency stabilization temperature range under [ T ] a +25℃，T a +40℃]. Selecting a plurality of working environment temperature intervals which can reach the same frequency stabilization temperature point; the division of the interval needs to consider the comprehensive limitation of heating power, thermal resistance of a heat conducting structure, ambient temperature and limit working temperature of the laser tube 2; dividing n temperature intervals into [ -20, x 1 ]，[x 1 ，x 2 ]，[x 2 ，x 3 ]，…，[x n -1，40]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Reasonably selecting target preheating temperature point T of each interval n Determining the frequency value f of the corresponding frequency stability n 。
Step 2: establishing the laser frequency f along with the ambient temperature T a Is a variation model f (T) a )；
The step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
in the temperature range of-20 to 40 DEG CSelecting different temperature points T 1 ，T 2 ，T 3 … … performing beat frequency experiment (beat frequency reference is iodine stabilized frequency laser) by using longitudinal modes under balanced power frequency stabilization, and recording laser center frequency value f of beat frequency experiment result 1 ，f 2 ，f 3 … … processing the experimental data to obtain laser frequency f along with ambient temperature T a Is a variation model f (T) a )。
Step 3: measuring the sensitivity K of a laser frequency relative to a double longitudinal mode optical power deviation signal;
the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
the optical power deviation signal is obtained by a photoelectric detector 6, and is converted into a voltage error signal DeltaV by an I/V conversion circuit 7, and the deviation signal is changed for a certain amount at a plurality of times in a wide temperature range of-20-40 ℃, the corresponding laser frequency change is observed, and the data are obtainedObtaining sensitivity->
Step 4: the laser power supply 1 is started, and the environmental temperature T is measured by the environmental temperature measuring circuit 13 a The actual temperature T of the laser tube 2 is acquired by the intracavity temperature measuring circuit 9 tube As the starting temperature value of the laser tube 2 before preheating; according to the dividing result of the temperature interval in the step 1, the ambient temperature T can be obtained a Target preheating temperature point T corresponding to temperature interval n Frequency stabilizing frequency value f n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the According to the temperature change value delta T corresponding to one mode of the laser tube 2 m od, get heated to T n The required pattern change amount N; the laser tube 2 is heated by the heating film 12, and when the mode change value reaches N, namely T, detected by the photodetector 6 tube Reaching the target preheating temperature point T n Finishing the preheating process;
step 5: for the laser frequency stabilization fine tuning stage, the two longitudinal mode light frequencies are V and V', respectively, the light power is measured by the photoelectric detector 6 and is converted into voltage by the I/V conversion circuit 7A signal V, V'; according to the variation model f (T a ) And sensitivity K of laser frequency relative to dual longitudinal mode optical power deviation signal, the microprocessor 15 utilizes the external ambient temperature T a And calculating the offset delta V of the error signal through a program, and compensating for temperature drift, wherein the unbalanced power frequency stabilization method uses the error signal delta V as a frequency stabilization reference correction value under different environment temperatures, so that the laser frequency stability is further ensured.
Aiming at the problem of laser frequency temperature drift under the condition of wide temperature range of-20-40 ℃, a variation model f (T) of laser frequency along with the environmental temperature is established a ) And measuring the sensitivity K of the laser frequency variation relative to the variation of the bi-longitudinal mode optical power deviation signal, and correcting the laser frequency stabilization datum point by changing the error signal offset delta V at different temperatures. The temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization method based on the inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking effectively stabilizes the environmental temperature of the frequency to-20-40 ℃, and the frequency relative accuracy of the frequency stabilization device is better than 1.0 multiplied by 10 -8 。
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the stable frequency temperature range and the initial operating temperature of the laser. In the temperature range of 20-30 ℃, the temperature difference between the ambient temperature and the frequency stabilization temperature can reach 40 ℃, so when the ambient temperature exceeds 30 ℃, the laser tube can generate high temperature exceeding the safe working temperature and exceeding 70 ℃. Therefore, the laser tube cannot be set to be stable to a single temperature point under the environmental condition of wide temperature range of-20-40 ℃, single temperature point frequency stabilization can be realized in a small temperature range, and working temperature interval division can be performed based on the change relation between the frequency stabilization temperature and the environmental temperature, so that interval type preheating frequency stabilization of the laser tube is performed. As shown in fig. 3, the temperature intervals are divided into 5 intervals of [ -20, -5], [ -5,5], [5, 15], [15, 30], [30, 40] according to the operating temperature division setting scheme. The preheating target temperature in each temperature interval is 20 ℃,35 ℃,45 ℃,54 ℃ and 66 ℃ respectively. The dividing mode of the temperature interval can be designed according to the limit working temperature condition and the environment requirement of the laser tube.
FIG. 4 shows the drift f (T) of the beat frequency of the laser with ambient temperature a ) Graph diagram. Laser used in experimentsThe relevant data are wavelength 633nm and the laser tube length 150mm. And under the condition that different temperature points are selected in a wide temperature range, the frequency stabilization control is carried out on the laser by utilizing a balanced power frequency stabilization scheme, and a beat frequency experiment is carried out on one of the longitudinal modes and the iodine frequency stabilization laser, so that a change model of the laser frequency along with the temperature is obtained as follows:
f＝f F -189.49+0.24Ta
f F -iodine frequency stabilization F peak frequency;
ta-ambient temperature value.
The laser frequency drift with temperature at a rate of 0.24 MHz/. Degree.C was derived from the model of the laser frequency variation with temperature. The sensitivity K of the laser frequency variation along with the variation of the dual longitudinal mode optical power deviation signal is needed to be measured in the next step. Every 10mV of the observed error voltage signal DeltaV at different temperature points, the variation Deltaf of the laser frequency relative to the output frequency under the balanced power frequency stabilization control is obtained by carrying out data average processing on the obtained dataThe microprocessor utilizes the model to program, outputs a compensation voltage value through a frequency stabilization algorithm, and drives the heating film device to control the length of the laser cavity so as to correct the frequency stabilization datum point.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing comparison of frequency stabilization effect data of different schemes. Under the wide temperature range condition of minus 20 ℃ to 40 ℃, a beat frequency experiment (beat frequency reference is an iodine stable frequency laser) is carried out by adopting a balanced power frequency stabilization method, an inter-partition preheating frequency stabilization method and an inter-partition preheating unbalanced power frequency stabilization method provided by the invention, and the beat frequency experiment data diagram can be obtained by the laser beat frequency experiment data diagram: the maximum frequency difference of the balanced power frequency stabilization method reaches 16.29MHz at the temperature of minus 20-40 ℃, and the relative accuracy of the frequency is about 3.44 multiplied by 10 -8 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The inter-partition preheating frequency stabilization scheme is divided into [ -20, -5]、[-5，5]、[5，15]、[15，30]、[30，40]The preheating target temperature in 5 temperature intervals is 20 ℃,35 ℃,45 ℃,54 ℃,66 ℃, and the F peak center frequency data result of the beat frequency experiment of the laser and the iodine stable frequency laser under the corresponding preheating target temperature point is 187.0MHz,184MHz,182.0MHz,180MHz and 177.2MHz respectively, and the schemes are respectivelyThe frequency drift of the temperature interval is not more than 3MHz; for the inter-partition preheating unbalanced power frequency stabilization method provided by the invention, the inter-partition preheating method and the unbalanced power locking frequency stabilization method are provided and combined, the laser frequency stabilization reference point under the temperature change in the wide temperature range is further corrected through the unbalanced power frequency stabilization scheme, and the final frequency accuracy is better than 1.0 multiplied by 10 -8 . The inter-partition preheating unbalanced power frequency stabilization method effectively improves the frequency accuracy of the laser in a wide temperature range.
The invention provides electronic equipment, which comprises a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the processor realizes the steps of the temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization method based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking when executing the computer program.
The invention provides a computer readable storage medium for storing computer instructions which when executed by a processor realize the steps of the temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization method based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking.
The memory in embodiments of the present application may be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. The nonvolatile memory may be a Read Only Memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable PROM (EPROM), an electrically Erasable EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be random access memory (random access memory, RAM) which acts as an external cache. By way of example, and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as Static RAM (SRAM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct memory bus RAM (DRRAM). It should be noted that the memory of the methods described herein is intended to comprise, without being limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.
In the above embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in accordance with embodiments of the present application are produced in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable apparatus. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains an integration of one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a high-density digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a Solid State Disk (SSD)), or the like.
In implementation, the steps of the above method may be performed by integrated logic circuits of hardware in a processor or by instructions in the form of software. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be embodied directly in a hardware processor for execution, or in a combination of hardware and software modules in the processor for execution. The software modules may be located in a random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. as well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in combination with its hardware, performs the steps of the above method. To avoid repetition, a detailed description is not provided herein.
It should be noted that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capability. In implementation, the steps of the above method embodiments may be implemented by integrated logic circuits of hardware in a processor or instructions in software form. The processor may be a general purpose processor, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, or discrete hardware components. The disclosed methods, steps, and logic blocks in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented or performed. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like. The steps of a method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be embodied directly in hardware, in a decoded processor, or in a combination of hardware and software modules in a decoded processor. The software modules may be located in a random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory, or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. as well known in the art. The storage medium is located in a memory, and the processor reads the information in the memory and, in combination with its hardware, performs the steps of the above method.
The method and the device for stabilizing the temperature interference resistant laser frequency based on the inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking provided by the invention are described in detail, and specific examples are applied to the description of the principle and the implementation mode of the invention, and the description of the above examples is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, as those skilled in the art will have variations in the specific embodiments and application scope in accordance with the ideas of the present invention, the present description should not be construed as limiting the present invention in view of the above.
Claims (10)
1. Temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization device based on preheating and unbalanced power locking between partitions, its characterized in that: the laser frequency stabilization device comprises a laser power supply (1), a laser tube (2), a depolarization beam splitter prism (3), an optical isolator (4), a polarization beam splitter prism (5), a temperature measuring circuit and a frequency stabilization circuit; the laser power supply (1) is connected to two ends of the laser tube (2) to provide electric energy, light holes are formed in two sides of the laser tube (2), the depolarization beam splitter prism (3) is located in the direction of the light holes on any side, the laser tube (2), the depolarization beam splitter prism (3) and the optical isolator (4) are sequentially connected in a unidirectional mode, laser output by the laser tube (2) is split by the depolarization beam splitter prism (3), frequency-stabilized laser is output by the transmission light through the optical isolator (4), and reflected light is split again by the polarization beam splitter prism (5); the temperature measuring circuit comprises an intracavity temperature measuring circuit (9) and an environment temperature measuring circuit (13), wherein the intracavity temperature measuring circuit (9) is used for collecting the temperature of the laser tube (2), and the environment temperature measuring circuit (13) is used for collecting the external environment temperature of the laser shell (14); the frequency stabilizing circuit comprises a photoelectric detector (6), an I/V conversion circuit (7), an A/D converter (8), a D/A converter (10), a film driving circuit (11), a heating film (12) and a microprocessor (15); the photoelectric detector (6), the I/V conversion circuit (7), the A/D converter (8) and the microprocessor (15) are sequentially connected in a unidirectional manner, and the microprocessor (15), the D/A converter (10), the film driving circuit (11) and the heating film (12) are sequentially connected in a unidirectional manner.
2. The laser frequency stabilization device of claim 1, wherein: the laser power supply (1) is used for providing electric energy for the laser tube (2);
the laser tube (2) is a double longitudinal mode laser tube and is used for outputting bimodal laser to the depolarization beam splitter prism (3);
the depolarization beam splitter prism (3) is used for splitting laser beams, and the transmitted light occupies a larger beam splitting proportion so as to ensure the output light power of the laser, and part of reflected light is transmitted to the polarization beam splitter prism (5);
the optical isolator (4) is used for isolating the laser transmitted in the reverse direction by utilizing the Faraday effect so as to prevent the laser return light from affecting the frequency stabilization precision;
the polarization beam splitter prism (5) is used for separating the double longitudinal mode laser and dividing the double longitudinal mode laser into two beams of horizontal polarized light and vertical polarized light with orthogonal polarization directions;
the photoelectric detector (6) is used for converting the optical signals into electric signals, reading a pair of orthogonal polarized optical signals output by the polarization beam splitter prism (5) and converting the optical signals into electric signals to be output to the I/V conversion circuit (7);
the I/V conversion circuit (7) is used for converting two paths of current signals output by the photoelectric detector (6) into voltage signals and outputting the voltage signals to the A/D converter (8);
the A/D converter (8) is used for collecting two paths of optical signals output by the I/V conversion circuit (7) and converting the two paths of optical signals into digital signals;
the temperature measuring circuit (9) in the cavity reads the temperature value of the laser tube (2) in real time by utilizing a high-precision temperature sensor, and temperature data are transmitted to the microprocessor (15);
the D/A converter (10) is used for converting the frequency stabilization control digital signal output by the microprocessor (15) into an analog signal and transmitting the analog signal to the film driving circuit (11);
the film driving circuit (11) is used for outputting a driving signal for heating the film (12) according to the frequency stabilization control analog signal;
the heating film (12) is used as a temperature executing device and is used for heating the laser tube (2) according to a driving signal output by the film driving circuit (11);
the environment temperature measuring circuit (13) reads an environment temperature value in real time by utilizing a high-precision temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is arranged on the laser shell (14);
the laser housing (14) is used for isolating the external environment and assembling the optical device and the electrical device.
3. The laser frequency stabilization device of claim 2, wherein: the I/V conversion circuit (7) regulates and controls the gain through the microprocessor (15) and is an I/V conversion circuit with adjustable gain.
4. The temperature interference resistant laser frequency stabilization method based on inter-partition preheating and unbalanced power locking is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method is implemented by using the laser frequency stabilization device of any one of claims 1-3, and the method comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, performing a temperature interval division experiment;
step 2: establishing the laser frequency f along with the ambient temperature T a Is a variation model f (T) a )；
Step 3: measuring the sensitivity K of a laser frequency relative to a double longitudinal mode optical power deviation signal;
step 4: the laser power supply (1) is started, and the environmental temperature T is measured by the environmental temperature measuring circuit (13) a The actual temperature T of the laser tube (2) is collected by the intracavity temperature measuring circuit (9) tube As the starting temperature value of the laser tube (2) before preheating; according to the dividing result of the temperature interval in the step 1, the ambient temperature T can be obtained a Target preheating temperature point T corresponding to temperature interval n Frequency stabilizing frequency value f n The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the According to the temperature change value delta T corresponding to a mode of the laser tube (2) mod To be heated to T n The required pattern change amount N; the laser tube (2) is heated by the heating film (12), and when the mode change value reaches N, namely T, through the detection of the photoelectric detector (6) tube Reaching the target preheating temperature point T n Finishing the preheating process;
step 5: aiming at the laser frequency stabilization fine tuning stage, the two longitudinal mode optical frequencies are V and V ', the optical power is measured by a photoelectric detector (6) and is converted into a voltage signal V, V' by an I/V conversion circuit (7); according to the variation model f (T a ) And sensitivity K of the laser frequency to the dual longitudinal mode optical power deviation signal, the microprocessor (15) uses the external ambient temperature T a And calculating the offset delta V of the error signal through a program, and compensating for temperature drift, wherein the unbalanced power frequency stabilization method uses the error signal delta V as a frequency stabilization reference correction value under different environment temperatures, so that the laser frequency stability is further ensured.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein: the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
in a wide temperature range of-20 to 40 ℃, according to the different initial temperatures T of the laser tube (2) a The lower frequency stabilization temperature range is selected to be a plurality of working environment temperature intervals which can reach the same frequency stabilization temperature point; dividing the temperature interval into [ -20, x 1 ]，[x 1 ，x 2 ]，[x 2 ，x 3 ]，…，[x n -1，40]The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Reasonably selecting target preheating temperature point T of each interval n Determining the frequency value f of the corresponding frequency stability n 。
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: said different initial temperatures T a The temperature range of the stable frequency is [ T ] a +25℃，T a +40℃]。
7. The method according to claim 4, wherein: the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting different temperature points T in a temperature range of-20 to 40 DEG C 1 ，T 2 ，T 3 … … performing beat frequency experiments by using longitudinal modes under balanced power and stable frequency respectively, and recording laser center frequency value f of beat frequency experiment results 1 ，f 2 ，f 3 … … processing the experimental data to obtain laser frequency f along with ambient temperature T a Is a variation model f (T) a )。
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein: the step 3 specifically comprises the following steps:
the optical power deviation signal is obtained by a photoelectric detector (6), and is converted into a voltage error signal DeltaV by an I/V conversion circuit (7), and the deviation signal is changed for a certain amount at a plurality of times under a wide temperature range of-20-40 ℃, the corresponding laser frequency change amount is observed, and the data are obtainedObtaining sensitivity->
9. An electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program, characterized in that the processor implements the steps of the method of any of claims 4-8 when the computer program is executed.
10. A computer readable storage medium storing computer instructions which, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the method of any of claims 4-8.
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| 卞肖云: ""棱镜式激光陀螺温度补偿研究"", 《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 基础科学辑》, pages 27 - 31 * |
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