CN116454619A - Antenna of dual-polarized magnetic electric dipole director - Google Patents

Antenna of dual-polarized magnetic electric dipole director Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116454619A
CN116454619A CN202310616129.4A CN202310616129A CN116454619A CN 116454619 A CN116454619 A CN 116454619A CN 202310616129 A CN202310616129 A CN 202310616129A CN 116454619 A CN116454619 A CN 116454619A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
antenna
director
metal plates
radiator
electric dipole
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Pending
Application number
CN202310616129.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
冯立营
张超群
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Tianjin University of Technology and Education China Vocational Training Instructor Training Center
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Tianjin University of Technology and Education China Vocational Training Instructor Training Center
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Priority to CN202310616129.4A priority Critical patent/CN116454619A/en
Publication of CN116454619A publication Critical patent/CN116454619A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/48Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12Supports; Mounting means
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/36Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/02Details
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/10Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
    • H01Q19/106Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using two or more intersecting plane surfaces, e.g. corner reflector antennas
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01QANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02DCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The application provides an antenna of a dual polarized magneto-electric dipole director, comprising: the device comprises a reflecting cavity, a radiator, a feed probe and a director; the reflecting cavity comprises a metal ground, and the radiator comprises four groups of folded vertical metal plates placed on the metal ground and four horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each vertical metal plate; the feed probe is arranged on the radiator in a non-connection way; the director comprises four groups of folded second vertical metal plates and four second horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each second vertical metal plate, and the adjacent second vertical metal plates are connected; the director is fixed with the radiator in the up-down direction through a nylon stud. The dual-polarized magnetic electric dipole director overcomes the defect of single polarization of an electric dipole, and simultaneously, the gain of the antenna can be stably improved in a wider frequency band range due to the integration of the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole.

Description

Antenna of dual-polarized magnetic electric dipole director
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of antennas, and in particular, to an antenna for a dual polarized magneto-electric dipole director.
Background
Among antennas, dual polarized magneto-electric dipole antennas are becoming increasingly popular due to their broadband capability, stable radiation patterns, and low cross polarization.
However, the antenna gain of the conventional dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna is insufficient to meet the requirements of modern communication systems requiring high antenna gain, and there is a great improvement space, and the conventional electric dipole director can only improve the antenna gain in a single polarization direction, so that the conventional dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna is not suitable for the dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna.
By the method of forming the antenna into an array, although the antenna gain can be improved, a complex feed network, a larger size and power loss are brought.
Literature
A dual polarized ridge gap wave magnetically conductive electric dipole antenna is proposed in "A.Dadgarpour, N.Bayat-Makou, M.A.Antoniades, A.A.KishkandA.Sebak," ADUAL-polarized Magnoielectric DipoleArrayBasedon printdwardside WithDual-polar-RingResonatos, "InIEEETrans. Antenna Propag, vol.68, no.5, pp.3578-3585, may2020," excited by microstrip lines printed on different plies.
The dual polarization of the antenna is realized by a two-layer ridge waveguide structure. In order to increase the antenna gain, a dual polarized split resonant ring is designed to be placed over the antenna radiation source. The number of the resonant rings of each layer is 3×3, and three layers are added. The stacked resonant ring structure can achieve a gain boost of 3 dB. And the authors further compose a1 x 4 element antenna array based on loading the structure, further improving gain. However, the structure is a multi-layer structure, the manufacturing process is complex, and the aperture size of the antenna is further increased due to the fact that the resonant rings form an array.
Literature
A dual polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna is proposed in "J.Y.YInandL.Zhang," design Dual-PolarizedMagnetoelectricDipoleAntennaWit hGainImprovementatLowElevationAngleforaBaseStation, "InIEEEantenna wire production Lett, vol.19, no.5, pp.756-760, may2020," fed by two crossed placed Γ -probes.
In order to improve the antenna gain, a notch reflective cavity is used in the antenna. The reflective cavity can increase the antenna gain by 2dB. But the overall gain of the antenna is still low, with the gain of both ports being only 7.4dB.
Literature
"J.Tao, Q.FengandT.Liu," Dual-widebandmagnetoelectricdipoleantennawithdirectorl oaded, "in the industry antenna wire setup, vol.17, no.10, pp.1885-1889, oct.2018" a Dual-band magneto-electric dipole antenna with a double-layer horizontal plate is proposed, above which a metallic rectangular horizontal plate with length and width ld=30 mm, wd=6 mm, respectively, is loaded as an electric dipole director, so that the antenna works in quasi-yagi antenna mode.
However, the electric dipole director can only increase the gain of the antenna by about 2dB at higher frequency ranges, while the gain boosting effect is not significant for lower band bandwidths.
Therefore, in the prior art, a single electric dipole director can only act in one polarization direction for improving the antenna gain, and is concentrated in a certain narrower frequency range, so that the single electric dipole director cannot be suitable for a dual-polarized magnetic electric dipole antenna.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect that an electric dipole director in the prior art can only act on a single polarized antenna to improve the antenna gain and cannot be applied to a dual polarized magnetic dipole antenna, and provides an antenna of the dual polarized magnetic dipole director.
The application provides an antenna of a dual polarized magneto-electric dipole director, comprising: the device comprises a reflecting cavity, a radiator, a feed probe and a director;
the reflecting cavity comprises a metal ground and a coaming which is vertical or inclined at a certain angle and surrounds the metal ground;
the radiator comprises four groups of folded vertical metal plates placed on the metal ground, and four horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each vertical metal plate;
the feed probes are arranged on the radiator in a non-connected mode and are formed by two gamma-shaped probes which are different in height and are not connected and placed in a crossed mode, the vertical parts are parallel to bent angles of the vertical metal plates to form air microstrip lines, and the horizontal parts extend to diagonal horizontal metal plates through rectangular grooves arranged on the horizontal plates;
the director comprises four groups of folded second vertical metal plates and four second horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each second vertical metal plate, and the adjacent second vertical metal plates are connected;
the director is fixed with the radiator in the up-down direction through a nylon stud.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
the reflective cavity and the radiator are integrally manufactured or the radiator is mounted on the reflective cavity metal floor after being manufactured separately.
Optionally, the method comprises: the two horizontal metal plates diagonally placed by the feed probe form electric dipoles, and the slot formed by every two groups of vertical metal plates placed in the same row is equivalent to one magnetic dipole.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
the other end of the probe extends downwards through the horizontal metal plate, and the impedance of the probe is adjusted by adjusting the length of the downwards extending.
Optionally, the feed probes which are diagonally crossed are fed respectively through two ports, so that dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole radiation with mutually noninterfered radiators is formed.
The application has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the application provides an antenna of a dual polarized magneto-electric dipole director, comprising: the device comprises a reflecting cavity, a radiator, a feed probe and a director; the reflecting cavity comprises a metal ground and a coaming which is vertical or inclined at a certain angle and surrounds the metal ground; the radiator comprises four groups of folded vertical metal plates placed on the metal ground, and four horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each vertical metal plate; the feed probes are arranged on the radiator in a non-connected mode and are formed by two gamma-shaped probes which are different in height and are not connected and placed in a crossed mode, the vertical parts are parallel to bent angles of the vertical metal plates to form air microstrip lines, and the horizontal parts extend to diagonal horizontal metal plates through rectangular grooves arranged on the horizontal plates; the director comprises four groups of folded second vertical metal plates and four second horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each second vertical metal plate, and the adjacent second vertical metal plates are connected; the director is fixed with the radiator in the up-down direction through a nylon stud. The dual-polarized magnetic electric dipole director overcomes the defect of single polarization of an electric dipole, and simultaneously, the gain of the antenna can be stably improved in a wider frequency band range due to the integration of the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole. The dual-polarized magnetic electric dipole director overcomes the defect of single polarization of an electric dipole, and simultaneously, the gain of the antenna can be stably improved in a wider frequency band range due to the integration of the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an antenna structure in the present application.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a radiator and a feed probe in the present application.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the feed probe in the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic side view of the antenna structure of the present application.
Fig. 5 is a diagram showing the comparison of the reference antenna and the proposed antenna performance.
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing the comparison of the measurement and simulation results of the antenna of the present application.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the antenna direction at 2.75GHz in the present application for port 1 and port 2 simulation and measurement.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art may better understand the present invention and practice it.
The following are examples of specific implementation provided for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions to be protected in this application in detail, but this application may also be implemented in other ways than described herein, and one skilled in the art may implement this application by using different technical means under the guidance of the conception of this application, so this application is not limited by the following specific embodiments.
The application belongs to the antenna field, and the technical problem of solution includes: combining magnetic dipoles with electric dipoles to form a magnetic electric dipole director to improve the effect of the director; the gain of the antenna in two polarization directions is simultaneously improved through the director structure.
The application provides an antenna of a dual polarized magneto-electric dipole director, comprising: a reflective cavity, a radiator, a feed probe and a director.
Referring to fig. 1, the reflective cavity includes a metal floor, and a shroud surrounding the metal floor vertically or at an angle.
Specifically, the reflection cavity is formed in a horn-like shape by surrounding a vertical or inclined metal plate having a height of hf=26 mm around a metal ground surface, thereby achieving an effect of enhancing forward radiation of the antenna. Preferably, the reflective cavity size is Gl (side length) =200 mm.
The reflector cavity may be manufactured integrally with the radiator by machining or the radiator may be separately manufactured and then mounted to the reflector cavity floor. Preferably, the thickness of the metal wall around the reflecting cavity is 2mm, and the ground thickness is set to be 4mm so as to install and fix the SMA connector.
The radiator includes four sets of folded vertical metal plates placed on the metal floor, and four horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each of the vertical metal plates.
Referring to fig. 1, the radiator is a dual polarized radiator of an antenna, and includes four sets of folded vertical metal plates having a height hr=26 mm and a width vr=18.5 mm, and four horizontal metal plates having a side length wr=29.2 mm.
The top ends of the horizontal metal plates and the vertical metal plates are connected in a one-to-one correspondence. Preferably, the thickness of the metal plates is 2mm.
The feed probes are arranged on the radiator in a non-connection mode and are formed by two gamma-shaped probes which are different in height and are not connected and placed in a crossed mode, the vertical parts are parallel to bent angles of the vertical metal plates to form air microstrip lines, and the horizontal parts extend to the diagonal horizontal metal plates through rectangular grooves formed in the horizontal plates.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the feed probe structure of the antenna is as follows:
with two feed probes. Both probes were made of copper strips with a thickness of 0.5mm and a width fm=2mm, with the difference of the height and total length of the probes. Specifically, the total length of the probe 1 is a1+fl1+fh1=51.5 mm, wherein the height of the probe 1 is fh1=28 mm; the total length of probe 2 is a2+fl1+fh2=50 mm, where the height of probe 1 is fh2=27 mm.
The different heights enable the short circuit phenomenon not to occur when the two probes are placed in a crossed mode.
The horizontal plate is also provided with a rectangular slot having a width w1=4mm, in order that the probe is not electrically connected to the radiator when passing through. The vertical portion of the probe forms an air microstrip line with the bent angle of the vertical metal plate, while the horizontal portion extends through the rectangular slot of the radiator horizontal plate to the other end horizontal metal plate. The energy is coupled to the horizontal metal plate, while the other end of the probe extends downward through the horizontal metal plate. By adjusting the length of the downward extension, i.e., the lengths a1 and a2, the impedance of the probe can be adjusted.
It should be noted that the rectangular slot in the radiator is slightly wider than the probe width, so that the probe and radiator are not connected to each other.
The dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole radiation with the radiators not interfering with each other is formed by feeding respectively through two ports through the diagonally crossed feeding probes.
Two horizontal metal plates placed each diagonally along the feed probe direction form an electric dipole, while a slot formed by two sets of vertical metal plates placed in the same row is equivalent to a magnetic dipole. Thus, a slot of the cross shape of the radiator may be equivalent to two magnetic dipoles. The vector sum of the two magnetic dipoles has a positional relationship orthogonal to the horizontal electric dipole. Thus, the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole coexist, thereby forming a radiation pattern of the magnetic electric dipole.
Preferably, the radiator of the antenna and the reflector are cut together by a machine to form a whole metal aluminum into a designed shape, and the method has higher precision and can avoid the position deviation when the radiator is installed. Another method is to process each part of the metal plate of the radiator separately and then install it at the corresponding position on the ground of the reflecting cavity, which is cheaper to manufacture, but correspondingly, is prone to installation errors.
As shown in fig. 1, the director includes four sets of folded second vertical metal plates, and four second horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each of the second vertical metal plates, and adjacent second vertical metal plates are connected;
the improvement of the antenna gain mainly benefits from the loading of the director structure. The overall shape of the directors is relatively similar to a dual polarized radiator, but with a large difference in size.
Specifically, every two metal plates which are perpendicular to each other and have the height of hd=28 mm and the width of vd=22 mm are a group of second perpendicular metal plates, and the four groups of second perpendicular metal plates and the cross-shaped ground together form a cross slot to be equivalent to two groups of magnetic dipoles, and the two groups of magnetic dipoles can be combined into a vector sum.
Four second horizontal metal plates with the width wd=26 mm are connected to the top ends of the second vertical metal plates, and two second horizontal metal plates respectively positioned on each diagonal line form a pair of electric dipoles with each other. The vector sum formed by the magnetic dipoles is orthogonal to the electric dipoles on the horizontal diagonal line, and the vector sum and the electric dipoles together form the magnetic electric dipole director.
The director is fixed with the radiator in the up-down direction through a nylon stud.
Specifically, holes with the diameter of 4mm are formed in four horizontal metal plates of the radiator, and nylon studs are installed. Like the radiator, the director is also provided with a metal hole with a diameter of 4mm in the second horizontal metal plate. When the antenna is manufactured, the director of the antenna can be manufactured independently and then is fixed with the radiator at the bottom through the nylon stud with the diameter of 4 mm. The distance between the director and the radiator can be fine-tuned by adjusting the height of the nut. The structure is convenient to mount and dismount, the distance is adjustable, and the manufacture is simpler.
When the antenna is operated at different ports, the radiators have different polarization directions, and the directors can also improve the antenna gain in the corresponding polarization directions.
By loading the dual-polarized magnetic electric dipole director, the antenna can simultaneously improve the gains in two polarization directions. Because the director combines the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole directors, the antenna gain can be stably improved in a wider range. At the same time, the original performance advantages of the antenna, such as high front-to-back ratio, etc., are preserved.
Conventional monopole directors, such as electric dipole directors, can only boost the antenna gain in a single polarization direction, and can cause disadvantages such as uneven gain curve of the antenna. The dual-polarized magnetic electric dipole director overcomes the defect of single polarization of an electric dipole, and simultaneously, the gain of the antenna can be stably improved in a wider frequency band range due to the integration of the electric dipole and the magnetic dipole.
The dual-polarized split resonant ring structure is loaded, and the dual-polarized gain of the antenna can be improved, but the periodic structure is complex, and the caliber size of the antenna is increased. The director has the advantages of simple structure, convenient manufacture and installation, and no harsh requirement on the precision of the antenna.
The antenna array can realize high gain and simultaneously can bring complex feed network and corresponding transmission loss. Namely, the antenna provided by the design is more suitable for modern communication base stations.
Referring to fig. 5, the common simulated impedance bandwidths of the reference antenna and the antenna ports 1 and 2 proposed in the present application are 67.70% (1.70-3.44 GHz) and 38.87% (2.28-3.38 GHz), respectively. While the average gain within the respective bandwidths of the reference antenna and the dummy antenna port 1 is 9.5dBi and 12.99dBi.
It can thus be concluded that the gain within the antenna bandwidth is significantly improved by 3.49dB after loading the proposed directors. And, because the directors integrate electric dipole and magnetic dipole directors, the improvement of the antenna gain in the bandwidth is stable and smooth. In addition, the impedance bandwidths and the respective gains of the two ports of the proposed antenna are matched when the two ports work, and the antenna has good performance.
As shown in fig. 6 (a), it can be seen that the measured impedance bandwidth of port 1 is 34.63% (2.34-3.32 GHz) and the average gain is 13.69dBi. Meanwhile, the measured impedance bandwidths of port 2 are 36.03% (2.23-3.21 GHz) and an average gain of 13.59dBi, respectively. Meanwhile, the measured maximum gains of port 1 and port 2 were 14.13dBi and 14.07dBi, respectively. The antenna measurement result and the simulation result have reasonable coincidence. Further, as shown in (b) in fig. 6, a high isolation of more than 20dB was obtained between port 1 and port 2 by measurement. This illustrates that the proposed antenna has good orthogonality properties.
As shown in fig. 7. It can be seen in fig. 7 (a) and (b) that the antenna has a simulated cross polarization of < -20dB in the E-plane and the H-plane. And the measurement result and the simulation result show that the radiation patterns of the two ports have better consistency. Furthermore, the front-to-back ratio of the antenna exceeds 20dB based on the measurement data. The strong directivity of the antenna is obtained by loading the dual polarized magnetic electric dipole director.

Claims (5)

1. An antenna of a dual polarized magnetic electric dipole director, comprising: the device comprises a reflecting cavity, a radiator, a feed probe and a director;
the reflecting cavity comprises a metal ground and a coaming which is vertical or inclined at a certain angle and surrounds the metal ground;
the radiator comprises four groups of folded vertical metal plates arranged on the metal ground and four horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each vertical metal plate;
the feed probes are arranged on the radiator in a non-connected mode and are formed by two gamma-shaped probes which are different in height and are not connected and placed in a crossed mode, the vertical parts are parallel to bent angles of the vertical metal plates to form air microstrip lines, and the horizontal parts extend to diagonal horizontal metal plates through rectangular grooves arranged on the horizontal plates;
the director comprises four groups of folded second vertical metal plates and four second horizontal metal plates correspondingly connected to the upper end of each second vertical metal plate, and the adjacent second vertical metal plates are connected;
the director is fixed with the radiator in the up-down direction through a nylon stud.
2. The dual polarized magnetic electric dipole director antenna of claim 1, further comprising:
the reflective cavity and the radiator are integrally manufactured or the radiator is mounted on the reflective cavity metal floor after being manufactured separately.
3. The dual polarized magnetic electric dipole director antenna of claim 1, comprising: the two horizontal metal plates diagonally placed by the feed probe form electric dipoles, and the slot formed by every two groups of vertical metal plates placed in the same row is equivalent to one magnetic dipole.
4. The dual polarized magnetic electric dipole director antenna of claim 1, further comprising:
the other end of the probe extends downwards through the horizontal metal plate, and the impedance of the probe is adjusted by adjusting the length of the downwards extending.
5. The antenna of claim 1, wherein said feed probes disposed diagonally across each other are fed through two ports, respectively, to form a dual polarized magnetic electric dipole radiation with radiators that do not interfere with each other.
CN202310616129.4A 2023-05-29 2023-05-29 Antenna of dual-polarized magnetic electric dipole director Pending CN116454619A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310616129.4A CN116454619A (en) 2023-05-29 2023-05-29 Antenna of dual-polarized magnetic electric dipole director

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117766986A (en) * 2024-01-02 2024-03-26 中国计量科学研究院 Take reflection cavity's + -45 metal cross dipole dual polarized antenna

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117766986A (en) * 2024-01-02 2024-03-26 中国计量科学研究院 Take reflection cavity's + -45 metal cross dipole dual polarized antenna

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