CN116451375A - Parameterized modeling and optimization design method for box girder of portal crane - Google Patents
Parameterized modeling and optimization design method for box girder of portal crane Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a parameterized modeling and optimizing design method for a box girder of a portal crane, which belongs to the technical field of mechanical design and comprises the following steps: the parameterized geometric modeling of the crane girder is realized in three-dimensional modeling software; automatically importing a geometric model output by three-dimensional design software into finite element preprocessing software, and modeling preprocessing is carried out on the geometric model so as to establish a parameterized finite element simulation model of the crane girder; preprocessing and solving calculation are carried out on the finite element simulation analysis of the main girder structure of the parameterized finite element simulation model; based on DOE analysis of finite elements, establishing an approximate proxy model of a parameterized finite element simulation model; optimizing under the constraint conditions of safety and manufacturability aiming at the approximate agent model on the basis of the parameterized finite element simulation model by utilizing an optimization algorithm. The invention can realize simple parameterized finite element modeling of the design of the box girder of the crane and quickly find the most economical lightweight crane structural dimension.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical design, and particularly relates to an optimal design method of a mechanical equipment metal structure, in particular to a box girder structure of a gantry crane.
Background
A crane is a device for lifting, transporting, loading and unloading materials. The metal structure design calculation of the portal bridge crane inevitably involves the hyperstatic problem of a space structure, meanwhile, the calculation working conditions are more, complex analysis and heavy calculation workload are difficult to process by adopting a manual calculation method, and various simplification and assumption have to be made by the traditional design calculation method. On the one hand, the processing makes the calculation process feasible and simple, but also makes the calculation result rough, has larger access to the actual situation, and can only compensate by increasing the safety coefficient. The structural size is larger, the material waste, the weight increase and the energy consumption are higher, and the manufacturing, transportation, factory building construction and use cost are increased. The structural size of the portal crane which is designed and used at present is generally larger than that of a foreign product with the same tonnage.
The traditional girder structure optimization design firstly selects and determines a structural scheme by experience and judgment, the cross section size of a primary selected component, and then performs checking calculation of strength, rigidity and stability. Modifications to the protocol or comparisons of a few protocols are also checkable. Because of the enormous computational effort, only a small number of solution comparisons can be made, the merits of structural design depend too much on the level and experience of the designer, and it is difficult to arrive at a satisfactory solution.
The development of the computer CAE and optimization technology provides a new method for the optimization design of the box girder of the portal crane.
1) Some of them employ modern optimization techniques (e.g.: drosophila algorithm, moth flame algorithm, genetic algorithm, response surface optimization, bee colony algorithm and the like), but still adopts the nominal stress method of traditional engineering mechanics to calculate so as to overcome the defect of defining design parameters by artificial experience and achieve the aim of parameter optimization. The engineering mechanics formula method performs some simplification and assumption processing, generally only considers the upper cover plate, the lower cover plate and the web plate, and does not comprehensively consider the geometric discontinuity factors, the stress and stability safety influence of complex structures such as the partition plates, the reinforcing ribs and the like. The calculation result cannot reflect the real structural condition, so that the optimization effect is poor.
2) The multi-objective optimization design of the crane girder is also partially carried out by adopting the optimization technology and combining a finite element method. However, parameterization and automatic modeling optimization processes of the finite element model are complex, and the pretreatment process of the finite element model does not perform effective quality control. The connection between the components cannot reflect the actual connection condition, and the quality control of the finite element mesh is poor. Most of the method adopts the internal parameter control of finite element software to carry out automatic grid division, which causes low grid quality, local stress concentration, lower calculation precision and influences the optimization effect of the crane girder.
In short, the existing classical design of the box girder of the portal crane is based on the traditional engineering mechanics, so that more assumptions and simplification are made for the convenience of calculation, and the calculation result and the actual result are larger in and out. And because the working conditions are more and the calculated amount is larger, the optimal design of the structure depends on the level and experience of a designer too much, and generally, a satisfactory scheme is difficult to obtain only by comparing a small number of schemes. The existing design method of the box girder of the gantry crane, which is carried out by combining the modern optimization technology with the finite element method, generally does not carry out effective quality control on the CAE pretreatment process, so that the grid quality is low, local stress concentration is generated, the calculation accuracy is low, and the optimization effect of the girder of the crane is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects or improvement demands of the prior art, the invention provides a parameterized modeling and optimizing design method for a box girder of a gantry crane, which can realize simple parameterized finite element modeling of the design of the box girder of the crane, effectively control pretreatment quality, improve analysis precision, optimize the design parameters of the box girder of the crane by utilizing an optimizing algorithm on the basis of the parameterized finite element model and aiming at an approximate model constructed by DOE analysis, and quickly find the most economical structure size of the lightweight crane.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides a parameterized modeling and optimization design method for a box girder of a portal crane, which comprises the following steps:
the parameterized geometric modeling of the crane girder is realized in the three-dimensional modeling software, and a geometric model is output;
automatically importing a geometric model output by three-dimensional design software into finite element preprocessing software, and modeling preprocessing is carried out on the geometric model so as to establish a parameterized finite element simulation model of the crane girder;
preprocessing the girder structure finite element simulation analysis of the parameterized finite element simulation model of the crane girder, and solving and calculating the preprocessed parameterized finite element simulation model;
based on DOE analysis of finite elements, establishing an approximate proxy model of a parameterized finite element simulation model of the crane girder;
optimizing under the constraint conditions of safety and manufacturability aiming at an approximate agent model constructed through DOE analysis on the basis of a parameterized finite element simulation model of a crane girder by utilizing an optimization algorithm.
In some alternative embodiments, the implementing parameterized geometric modeling of the crane girder in three-dimensional modeling software and outputting the geometric model includes:
the method comprises the steps of establishing a geometric model for upper and lower flange plates, webs, partition plates, end plates and stiffening ribs of a box girder of a portal bridge crane by adopting three-dimensional modeling software, establishing a solid 3D model by a track, modeling the geometric model plates by using a middle plane, neglecting geometric features with small influence on calculation, parameterizing the width of the upper and lower flange plates, the height of the webs, the spacing of the webs, the number of the middle partition plates and the spacing of the stiffening ribs of the girder to form a parameter table, and outputting the geometric model in a file format supported by finite element preprocessing software.
In some alternative embodiments, the automatically importing the geometric model output by the three-dimensional design software in the finite element pre-processing software, and performing modeling pre-processing on the geometric model, includes:
and counting the area of the mid-plane geometry in the three-dimensional modeling software, and comparing the area with the mid-plane geometry area counted in the finite element software to determine the correctness of the input process of the geometric model from the three-dimensional modeling software to the finite element pretreatment software, so as to carry out modeling pretreatment on the geometric model until the geometric model in the finite element pretreatment software is consistent with the geometric model in the three-dimensional modeling software, thereby obtaining the parameterized finite element simulation model of the crane girder.
In some alternative embodiments, the preprocessing of the finite element simulation analysis of the girder structure of the parameterized finite element simulation model of the crane girder includes:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out connection processing among components of a parameterized finite element simulation model according to welding and bolting relations so as to simulate actual welding seam connection, carrying out geometric segmentation on the intersection surfaces of a web plate, an upper flange plate, a lower flange plate and a partition plate according to the ID numbers of geometric points, lines and surfaces by utilizing the characteristic that the ID numbers of the imported geometric elements are relatively fixed, carrying out grid division and smoothing processing on the intersection surfaces of the web plate, the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate according to the ID numbers of the geometric points, lines and surfaces, carrying out solid unit processing on main beam components by adopting a plate shell unit, carrying out load setting on a trolley track by adopting a solid unit processing mode, carrying out weight check on the parameterized finite element simulation model by using elastic bodies, carrying out statistics on the total weight of the parameterized finite element simulation model, and if the total weight of the parameterized finite element simulation model is not equal to the total weight of the main beam design, checking and correcting the grid, material data and section attribute setting.
In some alternative embodiments, the solving the pre-processed parameterized finite element simulation model includes:
secondary development is carried out on the pretreatment process of the girder structure to form a standardized processing script program, the thickness of each girder component is set in the script, the automatic importing of the geometric model file is realized through the script program, the connection, the grid, the load, the restraint and the load step processing are carried out, and the finite element solving file is output;
and importing the solving file into a finite element software solver for calculation, extracting strength, rigidity and stability results from the result file, and outputting the parameterized finite element simulation model weight.
In some alternative embodiments, the finite element based DOE analysis establishes an approximate proxy model of a parameterized finite element simulation model of the crane girder, comprising:
sampling critical parameters of the size and the thickness of the component in a design space area according to a DOE test design method, automatically modifying a geometric model according to the changed parameters, quickly generating a parameterized finite element simulation model by utilizing a preprocessing standardized script program, outputting a solving file, calling a finite element solver to calculate an output result, extracting strength, rigidity, stability results and weight information to form sample point data, establishing an approximate proxy model according to response data of design parameter variables and calculation results by adopting a model fitting algorithm, and performing fitting goodness R on the proxy model 2 And (3) obtaining an approximate proxy model meeting the requirements.
In some alternative embodiments, the fitting goodness of fit R to the proxy model 2 Obtaining an approximate proxy model meeting the requirements, comprising:
fitting goodness of fit R to proxy model 2 If R is 2 >And 0.9, performing the next step, otherwise, adjusting the fitting parameters of the proxy model, replacing the fitting algorithm or adding sample points to perform fitting again until the fitting goodness requirement is met, and obtaining the approximate proxy model meeting the requirement.
In some optional embodiments, the optimizing the approximate proxy model constructed by DOE analysis based on the parameterized finite element simulation model of the crane girder by using an optimization algorithm under the constraint conditions of safety and manufacturability includes:
the method is characterized in that parameterized dimensions are used as design variables, a design space is limited based on production and manufacturing practice, strength, rigidity, stability and manufacturability indexes are used as constraint conditions, main beam weight is used as an optimization target, an intelligent optimization algorithm is adopted, and iterative optimization is performed based on a proxy model.
In general, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention, compared with the prior art, enable the following beneficial effects to be obtained:
(1) The invention provides a parameterized modeling and optimizing design method for a box girder of a portal crane, which is characterized in that parameterized geometric modeling of the girder of the crane is realized in three-dimensional design software, geometric files output by the three-dimensional design software are automatically imported into finite element preprocessing software, a parameterized finite element analysis model of the girder of the crane is established, preprocessing quality is effectively controlled, and analysis precision is improved. Based on the parameterized finite element model, an optimization algorithm is utilized to optimize the main girder of the crane under the constraint conditions of safety and manufacturability such as strength, rigidity, stability and the like aiming at an approximate model constructed through DOE analysis, so that the main girder size and material plate thickness of the crane are optimized, the material consumption is reduced, the light weight is realized, and the product economy is improved.
(2) The method realizes accurate and rapid modeling of the parameterized finite element simulation model of the box girder of the portal crane, reserves all parts of the girder to the maximum extent, reflects the actual structural form and considers the influence of the parts on the design performance. In the modeling, the quality control is carried out on the pretreatment such as component connection, grid, load and the like, so that the integral analysis precision of the finite element simulation model is improved. The problems of improper connection, stress concentration and the like caused by rough model processing are reduced, and the actual condition can be reflected more truly.
(3) Based on the parameterized accurate finite element model, an optimization algorithm is used for carrying out large-scale optimization in a design space under the constraint conditions of design performance requirements, manufacturability and the like. The problems of rough result, large structural size design and material waste of the crane caused by the simplification and assumption of the traditional method due to complicated calculation are solved, the optimization of the material consumption of the main girder of the crane is realized, and the economy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a parameterized modeling and optimization design method for a box girder of a gantry crane provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration showing the substep of step 3 of FIG. 1, according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of key structural parameters of a main beam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic flow chart of step 7 in fig. 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. In addition, the technical features of the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not collide with each other.
In the examples of the present invention, "first," "second," etc. (if present) are used to distinguish between different objects and are not used to describe a particular order or precedence.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a parameterized modeling and optimization design method for a box girder of a gantry crane, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, and sequentially comprises the following steps:
step (1): carrying out three-dimensional geometric parametric modeling on the box girder of the crane;
the method comprises the steps of establishing a geometric model on parts such as upper and lower flange plates, webs, partition plates, end plates, stiffening ribs and the like of a main beam through middle planes by adopting three-dimensional modeling software (such as catia, solidworks, UG) and establishing a solid 3D model through a track, so that the follow-up finite element model pretreatment is facilitated, the geometric model plates are modeled only through the middle planes, and geometric features with small influence on calculation are ignored: if the fillets of the edge parts of the plate and the fillets of the bending surfaces are processed at right angles, the holes with smaller influence on the force are removed. The main beam structure parameterizes the key size and the assembly position size of the components, such as the width of the upper and lower flange plates of the main beam, the height of the web, the spacing of the web, the number of middle partition plates and the spacing of stiffening ribs, so as to form a parameter table.
And writing a macro command script, and realizing modification and updating of parameters of all parts of the main beam, such as key size and assembly position size, through a script program, and finally outputting the geometric model in a geometric file format supported by finite element preprocessing software.
Step (2): importing a geometric file into finite element preprocessing software;
and (3) counting the area A1 of the mid-plane geometry in the three-dimensional modeling software and counting the area A2 of the mid-plane in the finite element software, judging whether A1 is equal to A2 or not to determine the correctness of the input process of the geometric model from the three-dimensional modeling software to the finite element preprocessing software, checking errors such as surface loss and breakage, and if A1 is not equal to A2, correcting the geometric model in the step (1), and adjusting the three-dimensional geometry and file output parameters until the geometric model in the finite element preprocessing software is consistent with the geometric model in the three-dimensional modeling software.
Step (3): performing finite element simulation analysis pretreatment on the girder structure;
as shown in fig. 2, the model components are connected according to the relationships of welding, bolting and the like, so as to simulate the actual welded joint connection: the intersecting surfaces adopt a surface extending mode to realize grid sharing points on intersecting lines, the welding condition of the edges of the upper contact surface and the lower contact surface of the parallel surface components adopts a surface thickness superposition mode to process, the geometric surfaces are combined, the characteristics of relatively fixed ID numbers and part names of the geometric model are utilized, geometric segmentation is carried out on the intersecting surfaces of web plates, upper and lower flange plates, partition plates and the like according to the ID numbers of the geometric model points, lines and surfaces, grid division is carried out, smoothing and the like are carried out, grid quality is checked according to the unit quality requirement in the general rule of mechanical product structure finite element mechanical analysis, and surface segmentation and geometric feature processing are carried out on grids which do not meet the requirement until the grid quality meets the requirement.
The main beam part adopts a plate shell unit, the trolley track adopts a solid unit for processing, the elastic body is used for endowing material properties and section properties, and the plate shell unit is used for endowing thickness information in the section properties. Load setting is carried out according to national standard 'crane design specification' and design requirements, load steps are established, load combinations and boundary constraints are set, and trolley wheel pressures are coupled to corresponding positions of the track in a concentrated force mode.
And (3) checking the weight of the model, counting the total weight M1 of the finite element model, and comparing the total weight M1 with the total weight M2 of the girder design to check the correctness of the setting of the model grid, the material property and the section property. If m1+.m2, check and correct mesh, material data and section attribute settings.
Step (4): secondary development is carried out on the pretreatment process of the girder structure to form a standardized processing script program;
the preprocessing process in the step (3) adopts script commands to form a standardized processing flow program, the thickness of each part of the main beam is set in the script, the follow-up parameterization is facilitated, the automatic importing of the geometric model file is realized through the script program, the connection, grid, load, constraint and load step processing are carried out, and the finite element solving file is output.
Step (5): finite element solving file calculation, outputting calculation results of strength, rigidity, stability and the like;
and importing the solving file into a finite element software solver for calculation, extracting results such as strength, rigidity, stability and the like from the result file, and outputting weight information of the model.
Step (6): based on DOE analysis of finite elements, establishing an approximate proxy model of the simulation model;
as shown in fig. 3, parameters including critical parameters such as size and thickness in the above components are sampled in a design space area according to a DOE test design method, a three-dimensional geometric model is automatically modified according to the changed parameters by using the macro script of the step (1), a finite element simulation model is quickly generated by using the preprocessing standardized script program of the step (4), a solution file is output, a finite element solver is called to calculate an output result, and the result is providedTaking results such as strength, rigidity, stability and the like and weight information to form sample point data, establishing an approximate proxy model by adopting a proper model fitting algorithm (including but not limited to RBF neural network, kriging and RSM response surface) according to response data of design parameter variables and calculation results, and performing fitting goodness R on the proxy model 2 Error analysis assessment of (e.g. R) 2 >And 0.9, carrying out the next step, otherwise, adjusting the fitting parameters of the proxy model, replacing the fitting algorithm or adding sample point data to re-fit until the fitting goodness requirement is met, and using the approximate proxy model.
Step (7): optimizing the main girder of the crane based on an approximate agent model meeting the requirements;
as shown in fig. 4, the parameterized dimensions in the foregoing steps are used as design variables, a design space is defined based on actual production and manufacture, indexes such as strength, rigidity, stability, manufacturability and the like are used as constraint conditions, main beam weight is used as an optimization target, and a modern intelligent optimization algorithm (including but not limited to a genetic algorithm, a sequence quadratic programming method and the like and combinations thereof) is adopted to perform iterative optimization based on a proxy model.
The following example provides a specific parameterized modeling and optimization design method for the box girder of the 20t 22.5m universal bridge crane.
Step (1): and carrying out three-dimensional geometric modeling on the box girder of the crane. And a geometric model is built on the middle surfaces of the upper and lower flange plates, the web plates, the partition plates, the end plates, the stiffening ribs and other parts of the main beam by adopting three-dimensional modeling software cata, and a solid three-dimensional model is built on the track. The above panels were built up in a "created form design" table of cata with only a mid-plane geometry part drawing.
The fillets of the plate edge and the fillets of the bending surfaces of the stiffening ribs are processed at right angles, and holes with small influence on force are removed. And parameterizing the width of the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate of the main beam, the height of the web plates, the space dimension of the web plates, the number of middle partition plates and the space between stiffening ribs to form a parameter table.
The method for parameterizing the number of the middle partition plates comprises the following steps: 1) In the "created form design" table interface of the cata, a dot1 is created on the edge line of the upper cover plate in the length direction, and the distance between the dot1 and the edge of the upper cover plate is the distance between the first full height partition plate of the edge and the end. 2) The dot1 is subjected to a rectangular array along the edge line of the upper cover plate, the number of examples is parameterized into the number of the partition plates, and the array interval=the total interval of the partition plates/(the number of the examples-1) is subjected to size constraint by setting a formula. 3) At the 'assembly design' workbench interface, the partition plate instance and dot1 are subjected to the fit constraint; the instance array is performed on the rectangular array in the previous step for the instance of the partition by the "reuse array" command, and the links to the array are "reserved". Thus, the number of examples of the partition boards in the main beam can be controlled by changing the number of the partition boards.
Deriving parameters as a design table: using the cata "design table" function, a design table is created in the txt format using the current parameter values, and parameterized variables are associated with parameters in the design table. After modifying the parameters in the txt file, the catai software updates can synchronously modify the geometric model.
And writing a catvbs script macro command, realizing the update of the modified parameters of each part of the main beam through a script program, and finally outputting the geometric model in a file stp format supported by finite element preprocessing software. The update script is: set product1 = product document1.Product; product1.Update. The geometric output script is: set partdocurment 1 = cata. Activedodocument; partdocusant1.exportdata holds file stp, stp'
Step (2): importing a geometric file into finite element preprocessing software;
the stp geometry file is imported into Hypermesh software. The area A1 of the medium-face geometry is counted by adopting a 'measurement item' in the cata software, and the area A2 is counted by a 'mass calc' command in the hypermesh software. And judging whether A1 is equal to A2 or not so as to determine the correctness of the input process of the geometric model from the design software output to the preprocessing software, and checking errors such as face loss, breakage and the like. If A1 is not equal to A2, the three-dimensional geometry and the stp file derived parameters are adjusted until the requirements are met.
Step (3): performing finite element simulation analysis pretreatment on the girder structure;
the model components are connected according to the relationships of welding, bolting and the like so as to simulate actual welded joint connection: and mesh co-nodes are realized on intersecting lines by adopting a surface extending mode on intersecting surfaces such as the upper and lower flange plates and the web plate, the partition plate and the upper flange plate and the web plate, the stiffening rib and the web plate, the end plate and the upper and lower flange plates and the web plate. The upper and lower contact surfaces of the parallel surfaces of the lower flange plate and the end beam connecting plate are processed in a surface thickness superposition mode, and the geometric surfaces are combined. The feature that the imported geometric element ID number and the component name of the geometric model are relatively fixed is utilized to realize the automatic processing of the script program. And carrying out geometric segmentation, grid division, smoothing and other treatments on intersecting surfaces of the web plate, the upper and lower flange plates, the partition plates and the like according to ID numbers of geometric points, lines and surfaces.
The main beam part adopts a plate shell unit, and the trolley track adopts a solid unit for treatment. The dividing strategy of combining quadrangles and triangles is adopted for improving the grid adaptability shell unit. And checking the grid quality according to the unit quality requirement in the general rule of finite element mechanical analysis of mechanical product structure. The length-width ratio of the quadrilateral unit is less than or equal to 5.0, the warping degree is less than or equal to 16 degrees, the skewness is less than or equal to 60 degrees, the internal angle is 40-135 degrees, the length-width ratio of the triangular unit is less than or equal to 5.0, the skewness is less than or equal to 60 degrees, and the internal angle is 20-120 degrees.
And performing surface segmentation and geometric feature processing on the grids which do not meet the requirements until the grid quality meets the requirements.
The elastic body is used for endowing the material attribute and the section attribute, and the plate shell unit is used for endowing thickness information in the section attribute.
Weight checking is performed on the model. The hypermesh software adopts a mass calc command to count the total weight M1 of all units of the finite element model, and compares the total weight M1 with the total weight M2 of the girder design to check the correctness of the model grid, material property and section property setting. If m1+.m2, check and correct mesh, material data and section attribute settings.
Load setting is carried out according to national standard 'crane design specification' and design requirements, and load steps, load combination setting and boundary constraint are established. The trolley wheel pressure is coupled to the corresponding position of the rail in the form of a concentrated force.
Step (4): secondary development is carried out on the pretreatment process of the girder structure to form a standardized processing script program;
the preprocessing in the step (3) adopts script commands to form a standardized tcl language processing flow program. The thickness of each part of the main beam is set in the script, so that the follow-up parameterization is facilitated. And automatically importing the geometric model file through a script program, performing connection, grid, load, constraint and load step processing, and outputting an inp-format Abaqus solving file.
The method for realizing grid co-node by surface extension adopts a function of connect_surfaces_11, and comprises the following steps: * createmark surfaces 1 face id number …; * createmark lines 1; * createmark lines2; * connection_surfaces_ 1111 12 3 15 30 11 2 30 30
The surface segmentation adopts a surface_trim_by_surface function, and the method is as follows: set names_list1[ list to cut part name 1 to cut part name 2. ]; eval createmark surfaces 1"by collector name" $names_list1; set names_list2[ list split part name 1 split part name 2. ]; eval createmark surfaces 2"by collector name" $names_lis2; * surfmark_trim_by_surfmark 12
The grid parameter setting is firstly carried out by adopting an automatic mesh function and a set_meshfaceparams function.
The fairing grid uses a mark mottlement function, the method is as follows: * clearmark elements 1; * createmark elements 1"displayed"; * Createardrum nodes 1*marksmoothelements 111 10
Cross-section attribute creation adopts a method of createentity props, createentity props cardimage = SHELLSECTION name = $propname; set mat_id [ hm_ getvalue mats name = $matname dataname=id ]; * setvalue props name = $ propName materialid = { mats$mat_id }; * setvalue props name = $propname status=1111= $thick. The section attribute setting method comprises the following steps: * setvalue comps mark =1 propertyid= { tips $ apid }
Load step establishment employs createentity loadsteps name =loadstep_1. Abaqus is used as a solver. Load setting adopts a setvalue method, such as: loadstep id= $loadstep_id status=2:195=1.
The Inp file output method comprises the following steps: set hypermesh_path [ hm_info-appinfo altar_home ]; applied hypermesh_path "/templates/feutput/abaqus/standard.3d"; * Feutputwithdata $ hypermesh_path $ inp_file_path 00 2 12
Step (5): finite element solving file calculation, outputting calculation results of strength, rigidity, stability and the like;
and (3) importing the inp solving file into an abaqus finite element software solver for calculation, extracting results such as strength (Mises stress and principal stress), rigidity (displacement), stability (buckling characteristic value) and the like from the result file, and outputting weight information of the model.
Step (6): based on DOE analysis of finite elements, establishing an approximate proxy model of the simulation model;
and (3) establishing a DOE flow by using the weight software, and sampling the critical dimension and thickness parameters in a design space region by adopting an optimized Latin square. Let the number of parameters be M, and the number of sample data be N, then N > (M+1) ×m+2/2. To improve the calculation accuracy, 200 is taken in this example. The method comprises the steps of reading and modifying txt parameter table files by adopting a Simcode component, calling bat batch processing commands to execute catvbs script updating and outputting the stp geometric model. The Hypermesh finite element preprocessing adopts a Simcode component to call a bat batch processing command to execute a tcl script, and outputs an inp format Abaqus finite element solving file. The batch command is hmbatch. Exe "-tcl" preprocess script. Tcl ". inp file solution and result extraction Abaqus components with isight. The Abaqus component reads the inp file, parameterizes and modifies the plate thickness of each component, solves and calculates the inp file, and extracts the result indexes such as stress, displacement, buckling characteristic values and the like and weight information to form sample point data.
And establishing an approximate proxy model by adopting an RBF neural network algorithm according to the design parameter variables and the response data of the calculation result. The fitting parameters Smoothing filter=0.02, type of Bass Function =eliptical, maximun Iterations to Fit =100, and error analysis uses Cross-Validation (Cross-Validation), which is 20% of the total number of samples taken by the error analysis sample, in this case 40. Fitting goodness of fit R to proxy model 2 Error analysis assessment of (e.g. R) 2 >0.9, proceeding to the next step, otherwise, adjusting the model fittingParameters or increasing sample point data are re-fitted until the goodness of fit requirement is met, and the approximate proxy model is available.
Step (7): and optimizing the main girder of the crane based on the approximate agent model meeting the requirements.
Taking the parameterized dimension in the previous step as a design variable in an Isight software Optimization module; based on the height, width and plate thickness variation range of each part of the main beam section in the practical limited design space of production and manufacture, indexes such as strength (maximum stress) <140MPa, rigidity (maximum deflection displacement under static rigidity working condition) <26mm, stability (buckling characteristic value) > design requirement value and the like are taken as constraint conditions, main beam weight is taken as an optimization target, a Multi-Island genetic algorithm (Multi-Island GA) is adopted, and iterative optimization is carried out based on a proxy model.
It should be noted that each step/component described in the present application may be split into more steps/components, or two or more steps/components or part of the operations of the steps/components may be combined into new steps/components, as needed for implementation, to achieve the object of the present invention.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements or alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The parameterized modeling and optimizing design method for the box girder of the portal crane is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the parameterized geometric modeling of the crane girder is realized in the three-dimensional modeling software, and a geometric model is output;
automatically importing a geometric model output by three-dimensional design software into finite element preprocessing software, and modeling preprocessing is carried out on the geometric model so as to establish a parameterized finite element simulation model of the crane girder;
preprocessing the girder structure finite element simulation analysis of the parameterized finite element simulation model of the crane girder, and solving and calculating the preprocessed parameterized finite element simulation model;
based on DOE analysis of finite elements, establishing an approximate proxy model of a parameterized finite element simulation model of the crane girder;
optimizing under the constraint conditions of safety and manufacturability aiming at an approximate agent model constructed through DOE analysis on the basis of a parameterized finite element simulation model of a crane girder by utilizing an optimization algorithm.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the implementing parameterized geometric modeling of the crane girder in three-dimensional modeling software and outputting the geometric model comprises:
the method comprises the steps of establishing a geometric model for upper and lower flange plates, webs, partition plates, end plates and stiffening ribs of a box girder of a portal bridge crane by adopting three-dimensional modeling software, establishing a solid 3D model by a track, modeling the geometric model plates by using a middle plane, neglecting geometric features with small influence on calculation, parameterizing the width of the upper and lower flange plates, the height of the webs, the spacing of the webs, the number of the middle partition plates and the spacing of the stiffening ribs of the girder to form a parameter table, and outputting the geometric model in a file format supported by finite element preprocessing software.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein automatically importing the geometric model of the three-dimensional design software output in the finite element pre-processing software and performing modeling pre-processing on the geometric model comprises:
and counting the area of the mid-plane geometry in the three-dimensional modeling software, and comparing the area with the mid-plane geometry area counted in the finite element software to determine the correctness of the input process of the geometric model from the three-dimensional modeling software to the finite element pretreatment software, so as to carry out modeling pretreatment on the geometric model until the geometric model in the finite element pretreatment software is consistent with the geometric model in the three-dimensional modeling software, thereby obtaining the parameterized finite element simulation model of the crane girder.
4. A method according to claim 3, wherein said preprocessing of the finite element simulation analysis of the girder structure of the parameterized finite element simulation model of the crane girder comprises:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out connection processing among components of a parameterized finite element simulation model according to welding and bolting relations so as to simulate actual welding seam connection, carrying out geometric segmentation on the intersection surfaces of a web plate, an upper flange plate, a lower flange plate and a partition plate according to the ID numbers of geometric points, lines and surfaces by utilizing the characteristic that the ID numbers of the imported geometric elements are relatively fixed, carrying out grid division and smoothing processing on the intersection surfaces of the web plate, the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate according to the ID numbers of the geometric points, lines and surfaces, carrying out solid unit processing on main beam components by adopting a plate shell unit, carrying out load setting on a trolley track by adopting a solid unit processing mode, carrying out weight check on the parameterized finite element simulation model by using elastic bodies, carrying out statistics on the total weight of the parameterized finite element simulation model, and if the total weight of the parameterized finite element simulation model is not equal to the total weight of the main beam design, checking and correcting the grid, material data and section attribute setting.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein solving the pre-processed parameterized finite element simulation model comprises:
secondary development is carried out on the pretreatment process of the girder structure to form a standardized processing script program, the thickness of each girder component is set in the script, the automatic importing of the geometric model file is realized through the script program, the connection, the grid, the load, the restraint and the load step processing are carried out, and the finite element solving file is output;
and importing the solving file into a finite element software solver for calculation, extracting strength, rigidity and stability results from the result file, and outputting the parameterized finite element simulation model weight.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the finite element based DOE analysis creates an approximate proxy model of a parameterized finite element simulation model of a crane girder, comprising:
the method comprises the steps of sampling critical parameters of the size and thickness of a component in a design space area according to a DOE test design method, automatically modifying a geometric model according to the changed parameters, quickly generating a parameterized finite element simulation model by utilizing a preprocessing standardized script program, outputting a solving file, calling a finite element solver to calculate an output result, extracting strength, rigidity, stability results and weight information to form sample point data, establishing an approximate proxy model according to response data of design parameter variables and calculation results by adopting a model fitting algorithm, and carrying out error analysis and evaluation of a fitting goodness R2 on the proxy model to obtain the approximate proxy model meeting requirements.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein said performing an error analysis evaluation of the goodness of fit R2 on the proxy model results in a satisfactory approximation proxy model, comprising:
and (3) carrying out error analysis and evaluation on the fitting goodness R2 of the proxy model, if R2 is more than 0.9, carrying out the next step, otherwise, adjusting fitting parameters of the proxy model, replacing a fitting algorithm or adding sample point data to re-fit until the fitting goodness requirement is met, and obtaining the approximate proxy model meeting the requirement.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the optimizing the approximate proxy model constructed by DOE analysis based on the parameterized finite element simulation model of the crane girder by using the optimization algorithm under the constraints of safety and manufacturability comprises:
the method is characterized in that parameterized dimensions are used as design variables, a design space is limited based on production and manufacturing practice, strength, rigidity, stability and manufacturability indexes are used as constraint conditions, main beam weight is used as an optimization target, an intelligent optimization algorithm is adopted, and iterative optimization is performed based on a proxy model.
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| CN116675116A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-09-01 | 三一帕尔菲格特种车辆装备有限公司 | Crane design control method, crane design control device, computing equipment and storage medium |
| CN117892415A (en) * | 2024-03-18 | 2024-04-16 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Parameterized design method for crescent rib branch pipe of hydropower station |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116675116A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-09-01 | 三一帕尔菲格特种车辆装备有限公司 | Crane design control method, crane design control device, computing equipment and storage medium |
| CN116675116B (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-10-17 | 三一帕尔菲格特种车辆装备有限公司 | Crane design control method, crane design control device, computing equipment and storage medium |
| CN117892415A (en) * | 2024-03-18 | 2024-04-16 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Parameterized design method for crescent rib branch pipe of hydropower station |
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