CN116449486A - Large-mode-field double-channel polarization inhibition optical fiber - Google Patents

Large-mode-field double-channel polarization inhibition optical fiber Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116449486A
CN116449486A CN202310462101.XA CN202310462101A CN116449486A CN 116449486 A CN116449486 A CN 116449486A CN 202310462101 A CN202310462101 A CN 202310462101A CN 116449486 A CN116449486 A CN 116449486A
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China
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cladding
optical fiber
rectangle
ring
mode
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王启明
贾丹平
杜思颖
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Shenyang University of Technology
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Shenyang University of Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02004—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating characterised by the core effective area or mode field radius
    • G02B6/02009—Large effective area or mode field radius, e.g. to reduce nonlinear effects in single mode fibres
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/02214—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating tailored to obtain the desired dispersion, e.g. dispersion shifted, dispersion flattened
    • G02B6/02285—Characterised by the polarisation mode dispersion [PMD] properties, e.g. for minimising PMD
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
    • G02B6/036—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating core or cladding comprising multiple layers
    • G02B6/03694—Multiple layers differing in properties other than the refractive index, e.g. attenuation, diffusion, stress properties
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation

Abstract

The invention relates to a large-mode-field double-channel polarization suppression optical fiber which is of a solid-core anti-resonance structure, wherein 2n cladding rings and two or two groups of cladding rectangles are arranged in an outer cladding layer of the optical fiber, a fiber core is filled between the outer cladding layer and the cladding rings and between the outer cladding rings and the cladding rectangles, the two or two groups of cladding rectangles are arranged on any one straight line passing through the center of the optical fiber section, the two or two groups of cladding rectangles are of symmetrical structures, 2n cladding rings are evenly distributed on two sides of the straight line where the cladding rectangles are located, the distance d1 between adjacent cladding rings is equal, and the minimum distance between the cladding rings and the cladding rectangles is d2, and d2 is more than d1; the cladding ring and the cladding rectangle form an anti-resonant cladding, and the refractive index of the cladding ring and the cladding rectangle is greater than the refractive index of the fiber core. The invention solves the technical problems of limited field area, basic mode transmission and single function in the prior art.

Description

Large-mode-field double-channel polarization inhibition optical fiber
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optics and lasers, in particular to the technical field of micro-structure optical fibers and polarization optical fibers, and particularly relates to a large-mode-field double-channel polarization inhibition optical fiber.
Background
With the development of technology, antiresonant fibers have become the leading field of microstructured fiber research. The antiresonant optical fiber technology is mainly applied to laser transmission and sensing, and has the characteristics of low transmission loss, high quality, large transmission mode field and the like in the aspect of transmission compared with the traditional optical fiber technology.
Unlike conventional optical fibers which rely on the principle of total reflection light guiding, antiresonant optical fibers rely on antiresonant effects to guide light. This also makes the type of antiresonant fiber not limited to hollow core fibers or liquid core fibers, but also applicable to solid core fibers. The optical fibers have very wide application prospects in the fields of high-quality optical communication, laser technology, sensing technology and the like.
Along with the development of laser technology, the demand for large-mode-field optical fibers is increasingly increased, photonic crystal optical fiber technology is mostly adopted for the large-mode-field optical fibers at the present stage, and the mode field area is limited (usually less than 500 um) 2 ) And the fundamental mode is transmitted, has single function (is difficult to have a large mode field and a polarization suppression function), and is difficult to meet the increasingly high technical requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to:
the invention provides a large-mode-field double-channel polarization suppression optical fiber, which aims to solve the technical problems of limited mode field area, basic mode transmission and single function in the prior art.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the first method of the invention provides a large-mode-field double-channel polarization suppression optical fiber which is of a solid-core anti-resonance structure, wherein 2n is arranged in an outer cladding layer of the optical fiber, n is more than 2, a cladding ring and two or two groups of cladding rectangles are arranged in the outer cladding layer, a fiber core is filled between the outer cladding layer and the cladding ring and the cladding rectangles, the two or two groups of cladding rectangles are arranged on any line passing through the center of the cross section of the optical fiber, the two or two groups of cladding rectangles are of symmetrical structures, 2n cladding rings are evenly distributed on two sides of the line where the cladding rectangles are located, the distance d1 between adjacent cladding rings is equal, and the minimum distance between the cladding ring and the cladding rectangles is d2, and d2 is more than d1; the cladding ring and the cladding rectangle form an anti-resonant cladding, and the refractive index of the cladding ring and the cladding rectangle is greater than the refractive index of the fiber core.
Further, the cladding ring is a single cladding ring or an anti-resonance hole structure formed by the cladding inner ring and the cladding outer ring, and when the cladding ring is an anti-resonance hole structure formed by the cladding inner ring and the cladding outer ring, the cladding inner ring and the cladding outer ring are concentrically arranged.
Further, when the cladding rectangle is arranged in two groups, each group of the cladding rectangle may contain 1-5 layers of rectangular structures, and 1-5 layers of rectangular structures are arranged in parallel.
Further, the calculation formula of the cladding ring thickness is:
wherein t is m The thickness of the cladding ring at the resonance order is represented by lambda, the resonance wavelength, m, the resonance order and n 1 To refractive index of the cladding, n 0 Is the refractive index of the optical fiber material.
Further, the arrangement of the cladding rectangle is consistent with the polarization direction of the suppression mode field.
Further, the rectangular thickness of the cladding is less than 0.8um.
Further, the refractive index of the cladding ring and the cladding rectangle is greater than the refractive index of the core, and the difference between the refractive indices is at least 0.02.
Furthermore, the fiber core is made of one of rare earth doped glass, sulfide glass and telluride glass, and can generate anti-resonance effect.
Further, 6 cladding rings are arranged in the outer cladding layer.
The second method of the invention provides an application of a large-mode-field double-channel polarization inhibition optical fiber in realizing large-mode-field transmission of laser in laser transmission.
The beneficial effects are that:
the working principle of the large-mode-field double-channel polarization suppression optical fiber is that when the refractive index of the fiber core is smaller than that of the cladding ring and the cladding rectangular refractive index, the optical fiber can guide light by means of anti-resonance effect, and under the condition, large-mode-field area light guide can be realized and obvious suppression effect on high-order modes can be generated under the condition of proper cladding ring gaps. The rectangular structure of the cladding rectangle and the mode field polarization generate resonance effect, so that the mode field suppression effect is generated, the suppression loss of the unwanted mode field is greatly improved, and the functions of polarization suppression and light guide channel control are generated.
The large-mode-field polarization suppression optical fiber solves the technical problems of limited mode field area, basic mode transmission and single function in the prior art, can be designed into large-mode-field optical fibers with different working wave bands and different suppression ratios through different materials and structures, has a larger transmission mode field compared with the traditional large-mode-field optical fiber, can realize polarization suppression and high-order mode suppression simultaneously in a specific wave band, and has very important significance for optical element development.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of SiO according to example 1 of the present invention 2 A large-mode-field double-channel polarization suppression optical fiber section schematic diagram doped with glass;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the wavelength-higher order mode loss relationship of a large mode field dual-channel polarization-suppressing fiber according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an effect diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of SiO 2 provided in example 2 of the present invention 2 A large-mode-field double-channel polarization suppression optical fiber section schematic diagram doped with glass;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the wavelength and the high-order mode loss of a large-mode-field dual-channel polarization-suppressing fiber according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an effect diagram of embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram of SiO 2 provided in comparative example 1 2 A large-mode-field double-channel polarization suppression optical fiber section schematic diagram doped with glass;
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the wavelength-higher order mode loss relationship of a large mode field dual-channel polarization-suppressing fiber of comparative example 1 of the present invention;
the drawing is marked:
1. outer cladding, 2, cladding ring, 21, single cladding ring, 22, cladding inner ring, 23, cladding outer ring, 3, cladding rectangle, 4, core.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed according to a wide variety of requirements.
The invention relates to an anti-resonance optical fiber technology, which provides theoretical support for the design and development of a novel large-mode-field and polarization control optical fiber, and the anti-resonance optical fiber guides light by means of a leakage mode in an anti-resonance effect. The technology has very important significance for antiresonant optical fiber application and laser technology development.
The invention provides a large-mode-field double-channel polarization suppression optical fiber, which is shown in a figure 1 or 3, and is of a solid-core single-layer anti-resonance structure, wherein a cladding pipe is specifically contained in the solid optical fiber, 2n (n is more than 2) cladding rings 2 and two or two groups of cladding rectangles 3 are arranged in an outer cladding layer 1 of the optical fiber, a fiber core 4 is filled between the outer cladding layer and the cladding rings 2 and the cladding rectangles 3, the two or two groups of cladding rectangles 3 are arranged on any straight line passing through the center of the optical fiber cross section, the two or two groups of cladding rectangles 3 are of a symmetrical structure relative to the center of the optical fiber cross section, 2n cladding rings 2 are evenly and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the straight line where the cladding rectangles 3 are located, the distance d1 between the adjacent cladding rings 2 is equal, and the minimum distance between the cladding rings 2 and the cladding rectangles 3 is d2, and d2 is more than d1; the cladding ring 2 and the cladding rectangle 3 form an anti-resonant cladding, and the refractive index of the cladding ring 2 and the cladding rectangle 3 is greater than the refractive index of the core 4. Preferably n=3, i.e. the number of cladding rings 2 is preferably 6, less than 6 cannot achieve antiresonant structures, 8 and above may produce higher order mode field disturbances. It is not recommended to use 8 or more.
The cladding ring 2 is a single cladding ring 21 or an anti-resonance hole structure formed by the cladding inner ring 22 and the cladding outer ring 23, and when the cladding ring 2 is an anti-resonance hole structure formed by the cladding inner ring 22 and the cladding outer ring 23, the cladding inner ring 22 and the cladding outer ring 23 are concentrically arranged.
When the cladding rectangle 3 is arranged in two groups, each group of the cladding rectangle 3 may have 1-5 layers of structure, and the 1-5 layers of structure are arranged in parallel. The cladding rectangle 3 controls the channel, polarization suppression and mode field suppression through resonance effect, the cladding ring 2 takes the cladding rectangle 3 as a central axis and is relatively uniformly arranged, and the cladding ring 2 and the cladding rectangle 3 form an anti-resonance cladding together.
The cladding ring 2 and the cladding rectangle 3 are preferably substances having a large refractive index. The refractive index relationship between the materials of the cladding ring 2 and the cladding rectangle 3 and the material of the fiber core 4 is that the refractive index of the cladding > the refractive index of the fiber core, and the refractive index difference between the refractive index of the cladding ring 2 and the cladding rectangle 3 and the refractive index of the fiber core 4 is at least 0.02. The difference between the two is larger than zero, and the difference is a phenomenon, but the phenomenon is not obvious when the difference is too small, so that the difference is at least more than 0.02. For example, the refractive index of the cladding ring is 1.48, while the refractive index of the other materials of the optical fiber is 1.45, and the materials of the optical fiber are undoped quartz.
Further, the relation between the thickness of the cladding pipe and the refractive index of the material can be set according to the working wave band, and the specific setting relation is as follows:
t m the thickness of the cladding ring at the resonance order is in micrometers, lambda is the resonance wavelength, m is the resonance order, n 1 To refractive index of the cladding, n 0 Is the refractive index of the optical fiber material.
The layer thickness of the cladding ring 2 is preferably the thickness at 1 st order resonance. The thickness of the cladding ring 2 should be the non-resonant frequency thickness.
The thin layer ring thickness under the resonance order calculated by adopting the formula can ensure that the working wave band and the resonance wave band of the optical fiber are not overlapped.
Further, the cladding rectangle 3 should be consistent with the polarization direction of the suppression mode field, i.e. the rectangle suppresses the mode field in the same direction as itself. The cladding rectangle 3 thickness is recommended to be less than the thickness at 1 st order resonance, reducing the possibility of additional resonance disturbances being generated.
Further, the material of the large mode field dual-channel polarization high suppression type fiber core 4 may be selected from materials capable of generating an antiresonance effect, and is preferably one of rare earth doped glass, sulfide glass and telluride glass. When the fiber core 4 is made of one of sulfide glass and telluride glass, the large-mode-field polarization inhibits the middle infrared laser transmitted by the optical fiber.
The invention utilizes the principle of anti-resonance optical fiber light guide to design and improve the traditional large-mode-field optical fiber. Therefore, the optical fiber can realize the functions of guiding light, suppressing high-order modes, suppressing polarization and the like in a large mode field of a fundamental mode at the same time in a specific wave band, has strong light guiding performance and high suppression ratio, and can be applied to laser technology. The working spectrum of the large-mode-field double-channel polarization suppression optical fiber can be adjusted by the thickness of a cladding (a cladding ring 2 and a cladding rectangle 3), the material of the cladding (the cladding ring 2 and the cladding rectangle 3) and the material of a fiber core 4. The polarization suppression capacity of the large-mode-field double-channel polarization suppression optical fiber can be adjusted by the rectangular shape (length, width, rectangular number and position), the layer number and the like of the cladding rectangle 3.
A large-mode-field polarization suppression optical fiber is used for laser transmission, can realize large-mode-field transmission of laser, and can realize polarization suppression and high-order mode suppression simultaneously.
For ease of illustration, in an embodiment, the effect of light wavelength and temperature on the refractive index of the fiber material is ignored.
Example 1
A large mode field double-channel polarization suppression optical fiber is shown in a schematic cross section in FIG. 1, the large mode field and polarization control optical fiber in the embodiment comprises an outer cladding layer 1, which comprises 6 cladding rings 2 and 2 cladding rectangles 3, wherein the cladding material is germanium-doped glass, the refractive index of the germanium-doped glass is 1.48, the rest is a fiber core 4, and the refractive index of the fiber core 4 is undoped quartz and is 1.45;
the outer diameter of the optical fiber is 187 mu m, the cladding rectangle 3 is positioned at the positions of 0 DEG and 180 DEG of the cross section of the optical fiber, the 3 pairs of cladding rings 2 are positioned at the positions of +/-40 DEG, +/-90 DEG and +/-140 DEG, the annular outer diameter of the cladding rings 2 is 21 mu m, the thickness of the cladding rings is 1.74 mu m, the distance from the cladding rectangle 3 to the center point of the optical fiber is 25 mu m, the length of the rectangle is 45 mu m, and the thickness is 0.5 mu m.
Simulation analysis is carried out on the embodiment, the wave band, the transmission mode field and the other mode field mode loss are shown in figures 2 and 3, and the transmission mode field loss is at least 20dB lower than the other mode field loss in the wave bands of 1455-1480nm and 1505-1535 nm, and the mode field area is not less than 2000um 2 . But not significantly to the longitudinal polarization.
Example 2
A large-mode-field dual-channel polarization suppression optical fiber is shown in fig. 4, and the cross section of the large-mode-field and polarization control optical fiber in the embodiment comprises an outer cladding layer 1, which comprises 6 groups of cladding rings 2 and 2 groups of cladding rectangles 3, wherein the cladding material is germanium-doped glass, the refractive index of the germanium-doped glass is 1.48, the rest is a fiber core 4, and the material of the fiber core 4 is undoped quartz, and the refractive index of the fiber core is 1.45.
The outer diameter of the optical fiber was 207 μm, the cladding rectangle 3 was located at positions of 0℃and 180℃of the optical fiber cross section, each group of cladding rectangle 3 comprised 3 rectangles 45 μm long, 0.5 μm wide, 5 μm spacing between rectangles, 6 groups of cladding rings were located at positions of.+ -. 40.+ -. 90℃and.+ -. 140 °, the annular outer diameter of the cladding outer ring 23 was 21 μm, the annular outer diameter of the cladding inner ring 22 was 13 μm, and the cladding ring thickness was 1.74. Mu.m. Each set of cladding rectangle 3 is composed of three rectangles, the distance between the middle rectangle and the center point of the optical fiber is 25 μm, the length of each rectangle of the cladding rectangle 3 is 45 μm, and the width is 0.5 μm.
Simulation analysis is carried out on the embodiment, the wave band, the polarization direction and the high-order mode loss are shown in fig. 5 and 6, the rectangular group at the horizontal position of the optical fiber generates resonance effect to regulate and control the performance of the optical fiber, different effects are generated under different sizes and arrangement conditions, the longitudinal mode field is inhibited in fig. 6, and the double-path large-mode-field polarization inhibition transmission is realized. Realize greater than 2000um 2 Is guided by the mode field, the dual-path polarization suppression is greater than 20dB. At 1558-1566nmThe band, transverse polarization loss is at least 40dB lower than the longitudinal polarization and other modes.
Comparative example 1
A large mode field polarization suppression optical fiber is shown in fig. 7, and the large mode field and polarization control optical fiber in this embodiment includes an outer cladding layer, which includes 8 cladding rings 2 and 1 rectangle 3, the cladding layer material is germanium doped glass with refractive index of 1.48, and the rest 4 optical fiber material is undoped quartz with refractive index of 1.45.
The outer diameter of the optical fiber is 240 mu m, the cladding rectangle 3 is positioned at the 0 degree and 180 degree positions of the optical fiber section, the 3 pairs of cladding rings 2 are positioned at the +/-40 degree, the +/-90 degree and the +/-140 degree positions, the annular outer diameter of the cladding rings 2 is 22 mu m, and the thickness is 1.74 mu m. The rectangle is located at the horizontal position of the fiber core, the length of the rectangle is 188 μm, and the width is 0.5 μm.
In this case, the outer diameter of the optical fiber was the same as that of example 1, and the thickness of the cladding tube 2 was the same, but the cladding tube 2 was replaced with 8 groups, and the two groups of cladding rectangles 3 were replaced with single rectangles. The data result of the second order mode rejection and the fundamental mode (first order mode) of the design is shown in fig. 8, the difference between the high order mode and the low order mode is small, and the high order mode rejection capability is obviously lower than that of the embodiment 1 and the embodiment 2.
Comparative example 2
The product with the largest mode field diameter in the existing product Newport company polarization-maintaining optical fiber product is F-PM1550nm, the single core mode field diameter is only 10-11um, namely the mode field area is only about 95 mu m 2 Much smaller than 2000 μm in examples 1,2 2 Mode field transmission area.

Claims (10)

1. The large-mode-field double-channel polarization suppression optical fiber is characterized in that the large-mode-field double-channel polarization suppression optical fiber is of a solid-core anti-resonance structure, 2n is arranged in an outer cladding layer (1) of the optical fiber, wherein n is more than 2, two cladding layers (2) and two or two groups of cladding rectangle (3), a fiber core (4) is filled between the outer cladding layer and the cladding layer (2) and the cladding rectangle (3), the two or two groups of cladding rectangle (3) are arranged on any line passing through the center of the optical fiber cross section, the two or two groups of cladding rectangle (3) are of a symmetrical structure, 2n cladding layers (2) are evenly distributed on two sides of the line where the cladding rectangle (3) is located, the distance d1 between every two adjacent cladding layers (2) is equal, and the minimum distance between the cladding layer (2) and the cladding rectangle (3) is d2, and d2 is more than d1; the cladding ring (2) and the cladding rectangle (3) form an anti-resonant cladding, and the refractive index of the cladding ring (2) and the cladding rectangle (3) is larger than that of the fiber core (4).
2. A large mode field dual-channel polarization-suppressing optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the cladding ring (2) is a single cladding ring (21) or an anti-resonance hole structure formed by a cladding inner ring (22) and a cladding outer ring (23), and when the cladding ring (2) is an anti-resonance hole structure formed by a cladding inner ring (22) and a cladding outer ring (23), the cladding inner ring (22) and the cladding outer ring (23) are concentrically arranged.
3. A large mode field dual-channel polarization suppressing optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein when the cladding rectangles (3) are arranged in two groups, each group of cladding rectangles (3) may contain 1-5 layers of rectangular structures, and 1-5 layers of rectangular structures are arranged in parallel.
4. The large-mode-field dual-channel polarization-suppressing optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the cladding ring (2) is calculated as:
wherein t is m The thickness of the cladding ring at the resonance order is represented by lambda, the resonance wavelength, m, the resonance order and n 1 To refractive index of the cladding, n 0 Is the refractive index of the optical fiber material.
5. A large mode field dual channel polarization suppressing fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the arrangement of the cladding rectangle (3) coincides with the polarization direction of the suppressing mode field.
6. A large mode area dual channel polarization suppressing optical fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the cladding rectangle (3) has a thickness of less than 0.8um.
7. A large mode area dual channel polarization suppressing fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that the refractive index of the cladding ring (2) and the cladding rectangle (3) is larger than the refractive index of the core (4), the difference between the refractive indices being at least 0.02.
8. The large-mode-area dual-channel polarization-suppressing optical fiber according to claim 1, wherein the fiber core (4) is made of one of rare-earth doped glass, sulfide glass and telluride glass, and has an antiresonance effect.
9. A large mode area dual channel polarization suppressing fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that 6 cladding rings (2) are arranged in the outer cladding (1).
10. Use of a large mode field dual channel polarization suppressing fiber as defined in any one of claims 1-9 for achieving large mode field transmission of laser light in laser light transmission.
CN202310462101.XA 2023-04-26 2023-04-26 Large-mode-field double-channel polarization inhibition optical fiber Pending CN116449486A (en)

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CN202310462101.XA CN116449486A (en) 2023-04-26 2023-04-26 Large-mode-field double-channel polarization inhibition optical fiber

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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