CN116446559A - High sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for assembled building based on double-cavity structure and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for assembled building based on double-cavity structure and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
- B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
- B27M—WORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
- B27M3/00—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles
- B27M3/0013—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles
- B27M3/0073—Manufacture or reconditioning of specific semi-finished or finished articles of composite or compound articles characterised by nailing, stapling or screwing connections
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B1/8409—Sound-absorbing elements sheet-shaped
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
- E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
- E04B1/941—Building elements specially adapted therefor
- E04B1/942—Building elements specially adapted therefor slab-shaped
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/26—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups
- E04C2/284—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating
- E04C2/296—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/04, E04C2/08, E04C2/10 or of materials covered by one of these groups with a material not specified in one of the groups at least one of the materials being insulating composed of insulating material and non-metallic or unspecified sheet-material
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/34—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts
- E04C2/36—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure composed of two or more spaced sheet-like parts spaced apart by transversely-placed strip material, e.g. honeycomb panels
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- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
- E04C2/38—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure with attached ribs, flanges, or the like, e.g. framed panels
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
- E04B2001/8461—Solid slabs or blocks layered
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
- E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
- E04B1/82—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to sound only
- E04B1/84—Sound-absorbing elements
- E04B2001/8457—Solid slabs or blocks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
- Y02A30/244—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation using natural or recycled building materials, e.g. straw, wool, clay or used tires
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of sound insulation of assembled buildings, in particular to a high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for an assembled building based on a double-cavity structure and a preparation method thereof, and specifically comprises the following steps: and assembling the balsawood shear wall according to the use requirements of the sound insulation performance and the earthquake resistance performance of the air of the assembled building: the wood base structure plates and the double-sided wall frameworks form a wall framework through nail joints, cavities at two sides of the wall framework are filled with glass wool and rock wool respectively, and a fireproof gypsum board is respectively covered on the cavities; on the basis of the wall frame, an elastic damping vibration-damping rubber cushion layer and a metal vibration-damping keel can be arranged between the wall frame and the wall panel. And (5) testing air sound insulation performance and evaluating sound insulation grade of the balsawood shear wall. The method meets the requirement of the wall on the anti-seismic performance, and simultaneously achieves the multiple aims of high wall assembly efficiency, convenient prefabrication, simple construction, low cost and high sound insulation level.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sound insulation of assembled buildings, and particularly relates to a high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for an assembled building based on a double-cavity structure and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The assembled building is formed by assembling and connecting industrial produced parts on a construction site and mainly comprises assembled concrete, a steel structure and a modern wood structure building. The assembled building has the advantages of greatly reducing energy resource consumption in the construction process, reducing environmental pollution influence caused by the construction process, improving labor production efficiency and quality safety level, promoting formation of emerging industry and the like, and has the advantages of environmental protection, energy conservation, sustainability, good anti-seismic performance, flexible design, convenience in transformation and the like. Therefore, the method is an important path for high-quality development of the building industry.
The assembled building generally requires the light weight and high strength of the component parts, but the light wall commonly adopted in the assembled building generally has the technical problem of industry commonality of insufficient air sound insulation performance, and is difficult to meet the functional requirements of people on environmental comfort in work and life at present, and the poor air sound insulation performance of the light wall is a key technical bottleneck for limiting the high-quality development of the assembled building and popularization and application in China. In the horizontal direction, the assembled building forms a space-to-space separation by a wall structure, so that the air sound insulation performance of the wall becomes a key point of the space privacy of the assembled building, according to the specification of the current national standard of sound insulation design Specification for civil buildings (GB 50118-2010), the basic sound insulation use requirement of the wall of most buildings is more than or equal to 45dB, and the air sound insulation quantity of the conventional light wall is generally less than 40dB.
The requirements of the sound insulation performance of the outer wall and the partition wall in different building types including houses, hospitals, hotels and the like are clearly specified in the current national standard of civil building sound insulation design Specification (GB 50118-2010) in China, and are shown in the table 1.
TABLE 1 Sound insulation Performance Standard for walls in different building types
At present, the basic structure of the light wall body commonly used in the assembly type building engineering is mostly a double-layer light wall plate structure, and the basic structure is as follows: the wall skeleton is formed by arranging single-layer standard materials side by side, and heat-insulating materials are filled in the cavity of the wall skeleton to realize heat preservation and sound insulation of the wall. However, the light wall structure has obvious sound insulation performance shortage in practical use, so that the space privacy of building users is low. Two obvious sound insulation valleys, resonance effect, anastomosis effect, sound bridge and other three obvious sound insulation defects exist in an air sound insulation spectrum measurement curve of the conventional light wall body, and the three obvious sound insulation defects are main factors of the air sound insulation performance of the light wall body; in the sound transmission process, when the incident frequency of sound waves is consistent with the natural frequency of the wall body, wall body resonance is generated, so that sound energy is transmitted in a large amount to reduce the sound insulation performance of the wall body, and the process is a resonance effect; when the sound wave is incident along a certain angle, the wall panel generates forced bending vibration under the excitation of the obliquely incident sound wave, and when the propagation speed of the forced bending wave of the wall panel is consistent with the propagation speed of the free bending wave of the wall panel, an anastomosis effect can be generated, and a large amount of sound energy is transmitted to reduce the sound insulation performance of the wall; although resonance and anastomosis effects are caused by substantial transmission of acoustic energy due to wall vibration, resulting in substantial reduction of sound insulation, there is substantial distinction between the two: 1. the frequencies of the two effects are different, the frequency of the anastomosis effect is in the middle and high frequency ranges and is not unique, and resonance only occurs in the low frequency range; 2. the anastomosis effect is independent of the boundary conditions of the wall, but the resonance is affected by the boundary conditions. Because of the structural characteristics of the conventional light wood structure wall, the wall panel is directly fixedly connected with the wall skeleton, and the relationship of the propagation speed of sound in a medium is as follows: the solid is liquid, so the bottleneck of the sound bridge of the light wall body with the conventional structure is outstanding, the solid transmission of a large amount of sound is caused, the elastic effect of the air layer of the cavity in the wall body is weakened, and the overall sound insulation performance of the wall body is low.
The sound insulation performance of the light wall body can be improved by increasing the thickness of the wall body, using a wall panel with high sound insulation performance, introducing sound absorption or sound insulation metamaterial or structure, changing filling materials in the wall body and the like, and the sound insulation wall is also a common sound insulation measure in the prior assembly type building engineering and most researches. However, these measures still have shortcomings in practical engineering applications. Firstly, the thickness of a wall body is increased or a high-sound-insulation wall panel is used, so that the cost per unit area of the wall body is obviously increased, the actual use area of a building is reduced, meanwhile, the high-sound-insulation wall panel on the market at present is made of an organic material with a sandwich structure, the interior of the high-sound-insulation wall panel is filled with a high-density damping material, the thickness is large, the density is high, the flame retardance is weak, the weight of the wall body is greatly increased due to the fact that the high-sound-insulation wall panel is used in a large amount, and the hidden fire hazards are obvious; the adopted sound absorption and insulation metamaterial or structure has the defects of excessively high material cost, complex structure and difficulty in realizing prefabrication and large-area popularization and application of factories; the inorganic filling material in the wall body is replaced by organic materials such as polyurethane foaming with excellent sound absorption performance, but the material is of a combustible combustion property, so that the fire resistance of the wall body is reduced, the fire safety hidden danger is increased, and the specification of the filling non-combustible combustion property material in the wall body by the current national standard is not met.
The patent with the application number of 201810138311.2 reports that a plurality of wood plastic wall posts with 600mm intervals are fixed in a glued wood frame, the wood plastic wall posts are PE wood plastic with the cross section size of 40 multiplied by 90mm and the wall thickness of more than 7mm, glass fiber cotton with the thickness of more than 20mm is filled between the wood plastic wall posts in the glued wood frame, the outer side of the wood plastic wall posts is sequentially provided with an oriented structure shaving board with the thickness of not less than 12mm, a sound-absorbing silver with the thickness of 25mm, breathing paper and an outer hanging board, the inner side is sequentially provided with a moisture-proof film, a gypsum board and an inner wall board, wherein the outer hanging board is a wood plastic board with the thickness of 20mm, the inner wall board is a wood plastic board with the thickness of 5mm, the total thickness of 197mm, and the sound-insulating performance of the wall body air is more than 29 decibels. The air sound insulation grade of the structural wall body is lower than the second grade, and the requirement of most application scenes of residential buildings on the sound insulation grade is difficult to meet.
Influence of construction details of wooden wall bodies on sound insulation performance of the wooden wall bodies on 159-163 pages in 3 of 29 th volume of university of forestry in Beijing, 2007, different structures are adopted to improve the air sound insulation performance of the balsa wall bodies, II-level SFP standard materials and 400mm intervals are adopted to form a wooden frame, gypsum boards and oriented strand boards with 12mm thickness are respectively covered on the inner side and the outer side of the wooden frame, and glass wool with 12kg/m3 is filled in the wooden frame. When the width of the wood skeleton column in the wood frame is 89mm, the thickness of the balsawood wall body is 113mm, and the sound insulation performance of the wall body is 41dB; when the width of the wood skeleton column in the wood frame is 140mm, the thickness of the balsawood wall body is 164mm, and the sound insulation performance of the wall body is 44dB. The same-size wood skeleton columns are adopted, and the wall body filled with no material is arranged in the wood frame, and when the intervals between the wood skeleton columns are respectively 300mm, 400mm and 600mm, the sound insulation performance of the wall body is respectively 35dB, 39dB and 39dB. The air sound insulation grade of the structural wall body is lower than 2 grades according to the specification of the current national standard of civil building sound insulation design Specification (GB 50118-2010) in China, and the requirement that the sound insulation performance of the wall body is not lower than 45dB is difficult to meet in most of residential building application scenes.
The research on the influence of elastic transverse grooves and sound insulation felts on the sound insulation performance of light wood-structure walls in the volume 42 and the period 6 of 2017 on forestry science and technology reports that wall frameworks which are formed by single-layer 12mm gypsum boards and 38X 140mm structural standard materials are adopted at two sides, the distance is 406mm, 139mm glass wool with the thickness of 12kg/m < 3 > is filled in a cavity, the total thickness of the wall is 164mm, and the weight sound insulation quantity is 40dB. The air sound insulation grade of the wall body is lower than the second grade, and the requirement that the sound insulation performance of the wall body is not lower than 45dB is difficult to meet most of application scenes of residential buildings.
The research of sound insulation performance test of a wood-plastic building wall body on pages 16-21 and 28 of 45 th volume of the forest industry in 2018 reports that a wall body framework consisting of 38X 89mm structural standard materials is adopted inside, 9.5mm PVC wood plastic plates and 50mm PE wood plastic plates are respectively covered on two sides of the wall body framework, 50mm thick glass wool is filled in a wall body cavity, the total thickness of the wall body is 148.5mm, and the weight sound insulation amount of the wall body is 30dB. The air sound insulation grade of the wall body is lower than the second grade, and the requirement that the sound insulation performance of the wall body is not lower than 45dB is difficult to meet most of application scenes of residential buildings.
The sound insulation performance of the ginkgo wood hollow shaving board composite wall body on pages 11-13 of volume 39 of the forest industry in period 6 reports that a wall skeleton consisting of 38X 89mm structural specification materials is adopted inside, two sides are respectively covered with 9mm gypsum boards and 15mm poplar plywood, a wall cavity is filled with two layers of ginkgo wood hollow shaving boards with the thickness of 33mm, the total thickness of the wall body is 113mm, and the weight sound insulation amount is 42dB. The air sound insulation grade of the wall body is lower than one grade according to the specification of the current national standard of civil building sound insulation design Specification (GB 50118-2010) in China, and the requirement that the sound insulation performance of the wall body is not lower than 45dB is difficult to meet in most of residential building application scenes.
The patent of the application number 201922240285.7 'adjustable double Helmholtz resonance light wood wall' reports a light wood structure wall: the double Helmholtz resonance structure is introduced at one side to realize regulation and control and absorption of low-frequency band sound waves, thereby increasing the sound absorption and noise reduction measures of a wall body, a plurality of cavity bodies are arranged at one side of the wall board, one side of the cavity body is open and the other side of the cavity body is closed, the open end is connected with a perforated plate, the center of a through hole of the perforated plate is required to be positioned on the central axis of the cavity body, and the structure improves the low-frequency sound insulation capability of the wall body to a certain extent.
The patent with application number 201922240285.7 reports a light wood structure wall body, which is a basic wall body frame formed by three panels and two frameworks, wherein the inside of the framework is respectively provided with a sound insulation felt, a sound insulation foam and a wave plate so as to play the roles of sound insulation and sound absorption.
The patent with the application number of 201721746761.7 reports a light wall body, wherein a wall body framework is a light steel keel, two sides of the wall body framework are composite sound insulation plates, and polyester fiber sound absorption cotton is filled in a cavity; the composite sound insulation board consists of an inner layer fireproof glass magnesium board, an outer layer fireproof glass magnesium board and a middle wood-based damping sound insulation felt, the wall panel used by the wall body is of a wood-based sandwich structure, the use cost is high, the inner sound insulation felt belongs to a high-density rubber product, fire hazards exist, the volume weight of the used composite sound insulation board is high, and the weight of the wall body is increased as a whole; the polyester fiber sound-absorbing cotton filled in the wall body does not meet the relevant regulations of filling incombustible materials in the wall body specified by the current standards in China.
In terms of structural performance, the conventional light wood structure shear wall consists of wall frameworks assembled by structural standard materials and wood-based structure boards covered on the outer sides of the wall frameworks, wherein the wood-based structure boards are mainly oriented strand boards, are widely applied to 1-3 layers of low-rise buildings at present and used as vertical side force resisting members of the buildings so as to resist the influence of wind load, earthquake load and other transverse loads on the building structures, but the conventional light wood structure shear wall is low in side force resisting performance and cannot be applied to middle-high-rise wood structure buildings in general, the number of layers of the light wood structure buildings is not more than 3 in the current national standard wood structure design standard (GB 500058-2017), and when the earthquake intensity is 6-8 degrees in the building earthquake-resistant design specification (GB 50011-2010), the number of layers of the wood column wood frames and the through-bucket wood structure buildings is not more than two, and the total height is not more than 6m.
In a light wood shear wall with a conventional structure, the shear strength of nail connection between a wall skeleton and a wood-based structure board is an important factor for determining the lateral force resistance of the light wood structure splint shear wall nail node test research, the wall body generates a shear plane under the action of transverse load, so that the nail is easily damaged due to the influence of shearing force on the contact surface of the wall skeleton and the wood-based structure board, such phenomena as wall panel penetration, nail extraction and the like are easy to occur, the whole strength of the nail connection is not fully exerted, but in the nail connection with double shear planes, the phenomenon can be effectively avoided, so that the efficiency of the nail connection is improved, the double shear section nail connection strength is 2 times of the single shear nail connection strength, the self-tapping screw connection shear resistance and the design method research of the double shear structure, namely the inflection point of the screw rod force transmission of the single shear test piece from an elastic stage to a plastic stage and the breaking point of the elastic stage are lower than that of a double shear test piece.
The light wall body adopted in the prior research and actual assembly type building has the following defects when in use:
(1) The light wall body of conventional construction in the actual engineering at present is difficult to reach the use requirement that most of the wall bodies have sound insulation performance not less than 45dB required by the current national standard of China (GB 50118-2018).
(2) In the practical application of air sound insulation, the lightweight wall body with the conventional structure mainly has three defects of sound insulation: the existence of the low-frequency resonance effect, the anastomosis effect and the sound bridge greatly weakens the sound insulation performance of the light wall body. The existing research does not fully cover to solve this problem.
(3) The existing sound insulation performance improvement measures of most light walls have the problems of high manufacturing cost, overlarge wall thickness, difficulty in realizing factory prefabrication, increased fire-fighting hidden danger and the like, and cannot meet the application requirements of actual engineering.
(4) The side force resistance performance of the light wood shear wall with the conventional structure cannot meet the anti-seismic use requirement of higher buildings.
Therefore, a high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for an assembled building based on a double-cavity structure and a preparation method thereof are needed to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the four main technical problems existing in the light wall body, the invention aims to provide the high sound insulation grade balsa shear wall for the assembled building based on the double-cavity structure and the preparation method thereof, and simultaneously, the anti-seismic application of the assembled light wood structure wall body in higher buildings is satisfied; meanwhile, the two sides of the wood-based structural plate are respectively connected with the wall skeleton, so that on one hand, the vertical bearing capacity of the wall body is improved, on the other hand, the nail node units with double shearing surfaces are formed by connecting the wood-based structural plate and the wood-based structural plate, the lateral force resistance of the wall body is greatly improved, the nail nodes are connected relatively by adopting double nails, and the damage phenomenon that nails penetrate through the wall panel and the nail points are pulled out from the wall skeleton is reduced to a certain extent. On the basis, an elastic damping vibration reduction rubber cushion layer is arranged between the wall skeleton and the wood-based structure board, a metal vibration reduction keel is arranged between the fireproof gypsum board and the wall skeleton, and the number of the fireproof gypsum board covered with the surface is increased to two layers; the elastic damping vibration attenuation rubber cushion is arranged between the wall skeleton and the wood-based structure board, on one hand, a solid sound transmission bridge between the wall skeleton and the wood-based structure board is cut off, and on the other hand, the integral rigidity and the inherent vibration frequency of the wall body are changed, the damping is increased, and the sound insulation performance of the wall body is improved; the metal vibration reduction keels are arranged between the fireproof gypsum boards and the wall frameworks, and aim to break the original resonance system of the wall body to form a new 'mass-air-mass' resonance system, so that the low-frequency 'resonance sound insulation valley' is moved to a lower frequency and the anastomosis effect is restrained; the number of layers of the fireproof gypsum board is increased, the quality ration is followed, the surface density of the wall body is increased, and therefore the sound insulation performance of the wall body is improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for the assembled building based on the double-cavity structure comprises a wood base structure plate and wall frameworks, wherein the wall frameworks are arranged on two sides of the wood base structure plate;
cavities which are mutually isolated between two sides of the wood-based structure board and two sides of the wall skeleton are formed, and glass wool and rock wool are respectively filled in the cavities;
an elastic damping vibration attenuation rubber cushion layer is arranged between the wall skeleton and the wood-based structure plate;
the two sides of the wall skeleton are respectively covered with refractory gypsum boards;
and metal vibration reduction keels are arranged between the wall skeleton and the fireproof gypsum board in parallel at equal intervals from top to bottom along the wall skeleton columns.
One side of the wall skeleton is provided with galvanized twist nails, and the galvanized twist nails penetrate through the wood-based structure plate and extend to the inside of the wall skeleton at the other side of the wood-based structure plate.
Further, the wall skeleton comprises a wall skeleton column, a top beam plate and a bottom beam plate, wherein the top beam plate and the bottom beam plate are respectively positioned at the two ends of the wall skeleton column.
Further, the fire-resistant gypsum board comprises fire-resistant gypsum board strips, an inner gypsum board and an outer gypsum board, wherein the fire-resistant gypsum board strips are positioned on one side of the wall skeleton column, and the inner gypsum board is positioned between the metal vibration reduction keels and the outer gypsum board and is positioned on one side of the fire-resistant gypsum board strips.
The preparation method of the high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for the assembled building based on the double-cavity structure comprises the steps of:
a1, assembling a balsa shear wall frame through nail nodes, wherein the wall frame comprises two side wall frameworks and a middle wood-based structure board, cavities which are isolated from each other are formed in the two side wall frameworks of the wood-based structure board, glass wool or rock wool is respectively filled in the two side cavities, and then refractory gypsum boards are respectively covered on two sides of the wall frameworks;
a2, arranging an elastic damping vibration attenuation rubber cushion layer between the wall skeleton and the wood-based structure plate along the section of the wall skeleton on the basis of the wall body, and arranging metal vibration attenuation keels between the wall skeleton and the fireproof gypsum plate in parallel along the wall skeleton column at equal intervals from top to bottom;
a3, adopting standard materials for the structure as top beam plates, bottom beam plates and wall skeleton columns of two side wall skeletons with uniform standard sizes, wherein the top beam plates, the bottom beam plates and the wall skeleton columns are arranged in a single mode, the two side wall skeletons are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the wood base structure plate, gaps of 3 mm-6 mm are reserved at the butt joint joints of the wood base structure plate, elastic sealant is used for filling and trowelling, and then the wall skeleton columns are arranged on two sides of the section where the butt joint joints of the wood base structure plate are located;
And A4, connecting the two side wall frameworks with the wood-based structural board by using galvanized twist nails.
Further, in the step A3, the wide section of the structural specification material is an opposite surface, the horizontal distance between every two wall skeleton columns is 406mm, and the width dimension of the wall skeleton is equal to that of the wood-based structural board; the wood-based structure board adopts oriented strand board, structural plywood or bamboo plywood.
Further, in the A4, the galvanized twist nails are used for connecting the two side wall frameworks and the wood-based structural board, and the inner and outer opposite connection modes of the double nails are adopted, namely, the mode that galvanized twist nails are respectively nailed into the sections of each nail node from the surfaces of the two side wall frameworks, and the double nail spacing of the sections of the same nail node is larger than three times of the screw diameter.
Further, in A1, the cavities isolated by the wood-based structure plates are filled with glass wool with the surface density of more than or equal to 32kg/m2 or rock wool with the density of more than or equal to 100kg/m3, and no gap is reserved.
Further, the thickness of the fire-resistant gypsum board in the A1 is more than or equal to 12mm; the fire-resistant gypsum board is mainly paved vertically, and in particular, the fire-resistant gypsum board can be transversely paved when the specification of the fire-resistant gypsum board is not matched with the spacing between the internal wall bone posts; the width of the butt joint seam between the refractory gypsum boards is 3 mm-6 mm, and the butt joint seams of the inner and outer refractory gypsum boards are staggered; the butt joint seam adopts caulking paste and caulking breathable paper tape to fill and trowelle in three steps:
B1, smearing caulking paste with the width more than or equal to 100mm by taking the butt joint seam as the center;
b2, embedding a breathable paper tape on the surface of the previous embedding paste by taking the butt joint seam as the center, wherein the width of the paper tape is more than or equal to 100mm;
and B3, coating caulking paste with the width more than or equal to 200mm on the surface of the caulking breathable paper tape by taking the butt joint seam as the center.
Further, in the A2, the elastic damping vibration attenuation rubber cushion layer adopts an industrial grade elastic rubber plate with a flame retardant grade of B1, the thickness is 10mm, the width is the width of the section of the wall skeleton column, and the elastic damping vibration attenuation rubber cushion layer is only arranged at the section of the wall skeleton.
Further, in the A2, the metal vibration reduction keel is formed by pressing stainless metal sheets with the thickness of 0.6-1 mm, and comprises a transverse short side, a vertical short side, an inclined long side, a vertical long side and an inclined short side, wherein the sides are sequentially connected, and the length ratio is 1:2:2:3:1, the included angle between the two inclined sides and the vertical side is 120 degrees, and the inclined long side and the inclined short side are opposite in inclined direction.
According to the high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for the assembled building based on the double-cavity structure and the preparation method thereof, provided by the invention, a wall skeleton is added on the basis of the original light wall frame with the conventional structure, an outer covering structure plate of the conventional balsawood shear wall is changed into a wood-based structure plate, the nail node units are improved, the original single-nail and single-shear-face nail connection is changed into double-nail opposite connection and double-shear faces, and the vertical bearing capacity and lateral force resistance of the wall are improved. Due to the existence of the middle wood-based structure board, a single cavity in the conventional light wall body is improved to be a double-side isolated cavity, so that filling materials with different frequency band sound absorption capacities can be independently used, the sound insulation performance of the wall body is improved, a sound insulation improvement component is added on the basis, and the sound insulation capacity of the wall body is further improved. All lifting technologies do not change the assembly and function integration of the wall body, can finish all the installation processes of the wall body on the existing factory assembly production line, and have extremely high assembly efficiency and engineering application value. The materials such as the metal vibration reduction keels and the elastic rubber cushion layers are all engineering products which are available in the market and are very easy to obtain and manufacture, the materials are installed in the wall body without complex and fine requirements, the actual operation is convenient, and the practical situation of engineering application is met. Compared with a light wall body with a conventional structure, the improved wall body has improved air sound insulation capacity in a full frequency band, and the comprehensive sound insulation performance meets the use requirements of most building wall bodies in the current national standard of civil building sound insulation design Specification (GB 50118-2018).
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings for a person having ordinary skill in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a balsa splint shear wall structure containing a sound insulation improvement assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a cut-away top view of a balsa wood splint shear wall comprising a sound insulation improvement assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic left side view of a balsa splint shear wall comprising a sound insulation improvement assembly according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a partially enlarged schematic view of fig. 3 at a.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a wall skeleton according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic illustration of a structural gauge according to the present invention.
Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a metal vibration dampening keel of the invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the relative connection of the dual nails of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-wood-based structure board, 2-wall skeleton, 3-inner layer gypsum board, 4-outer layer gypsum board, 5-elastic rubber cushion, 6-metal vibration damping keel, 7-rock wool, 8-glass wool, 9-top beam board, 10-bottom beam board, 11-wall skeleton column, 12-fire-resistant gypsum board strip, 13-narrow section, 14 wide section, 15-transverse short side, 16-vertical short side, 17-oblique long side, 18-vertical long side, 19-oblique short side and 20-galvanized twist nail.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical scheme of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-7, the high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for an assembled building based on a double-cavity structure provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a wood base structure plate 1 and wall frameworks 2, wherein the wall frameworks 2 are arranged on two sides of the wood base structure plate 1;
cavities which are mutually isolated between two sides of the wood-based structural board 1 and the two sides of the wall skeleton 2 are respectively filled with glass wool 8 and rock wool 7;
an elastic damping vibration attenuation rubber cushion layer 5 is arranged between the wall skeleton 2 and the wood-based structure plate 1;
the two sides of the wall skeleton 2 are respectively covered with refractory gypsum boards;
and metal damping keels 6 are arranged in parallel between the wall skeleton 2 and the fireproof gypsum board at equal intervals from top to bottom along the wall skeleton columns.
One side of the wall skeleton 2 is provided with galvanized twist nails 20, and the galvanized twist nails 20 penetrate through the wood-based structural board 1 and extend to the inside of the wall skeleton 2 at the other side of the wood-based structural board 1.
In still another embodiment provided by the invention, the wall skeleton 2 comprises a wall skeleton column 11, a top beam plate 9 and a bottom beam plate 11, wherein the top beam plate 9 and the bottom beam plate 11 are respectively positioned at two ends of the wall skeleton column 11.
In yet another embodiment provided by the present invention, the fire resistant gypsum board comprises fire resistant gypsum board strips 12, an inner gypsum board 3 and an outer gypsum board 4, the fire resistant gypsum board strips 12 being located on one side of the stud 11, the inner gypsum board 3 being located between the metal vibration dampening keel 6 and the outer gypsum board 4 and on one side of the fire resistant gypsum board strips 12.
The preparation method of the high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for the assembled building based on the double-cavity structure comprises the following steps of:
a1, assembling a balsa shear wall frame through nail nodes, wherein the wall frame comprises two side wall frameworks and a middle wood-based structure board, cavities which are isolated from each other are formed in the two side wall frameworks of the wood-based structure board, glass wool or rock wool is respectively filled in the two side cavities, and then refractory gypsum boards are respectively covered on two sides of the wall frameworks;
a2, arranging an elastic damping vibration attenuation rubber cushion layer between the wall skeleton and the wood-based structure plate along the section of the wall skeleton on the basis of the wall body, and arranging metal vibration attenuation keels between the wall skeleton and the fireproof gypsum plate in parallel along the wall skeleton column at equal intervals from top to bottom;
a3, adopting a unified specification material and adopting a unified specification size to serve as a top beam plate, a bottom beam plate and wall skeleton columns of two side wall frameworks, wherein the top beam plate, the bottom beam plate and the wall skeleton columns are respectively arranged in a single mode, the two side wall frameworks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the wood-based structure plate, gaps of 3 mm-6 mm are reserved at the butt joint joints of the wood-based structure plate, and after the gaps are filled and smoothed by elastic sealant, the wall skeleton columns are arranged on two sides of the section where the butt joint joints of the wood-based structure plate are located;
And A4, connecting the two side wall frameworks with the wood-based structural board by using galvanized twist nails.
In this embodiment, the wall frame is assembled: the wall skeleton adopts structural standard materials with the same standard size, and is connected with the wood-based structural board through a wide section 14; firstly, positioning a side wall skeleton 2, arranging a top beam plate 9, a bottom beam plate 10, left and right side wall skeleton columns 11 and a butt joint seam position wall skeleton column 11 according to the breadth size of a wood base structure plate 1 and the butt joint seam position of the wood base structure plate 1, expanding the left and right sides of the inner rest wall skeleton columns 11 by taking the butt joint seam position wall skeleton column 11 as the center according to the center distance of 406mm, keeping the periphery of the wall skeleton 2 flush with the wood base structure plate 1, secondly, placing the wood base structure plate 1 on the wall skeleton 2 which is already positioned, then finishing the positioning of the other side wall skeleton 2 on the placed wood base structure plate 1 according to the method, and finally connecting the two side wall skeletons 2 and the wood base structure plate 1 in a double-nail opposite connection mode by using galvanized twist nails 20, namely firstly finishing one side connection of a wall skeleton by single nail, and then finishing the single-nail connection of the other side of the skeleton by turning over the frame;
glass wool with the surface density not lower than 32kg/m < 2 > or rock wool with the density not lower than 100kg/m < 3 > are respectively filled in the isolated cavities at two sides of the wall body frame.
In a further embodiment provided by the invention, in A3, the wide section of the structural specification material is an opposite surface, the horizontal distance between every two wall skeleton columns is 406mm, and the width dimension of the wall skeleton is equal to that of the wood-based structural board; the wood-based structure board adopts oriented strand board, structural plywood or bamboo plywood.
In a further embodiment provided by the invention, in A4, the galvanized twist nails are used for connecting the two side wall frameworks and the wood-based structural board, and the inner and outer opposite connection modes of the double nails are adopted, namely, the mode that galvanized twist nails are respectively nailed into the sections of each nail node from the surfaces of the two side wall frameworks, and the double-nail spacing of the sections of the same nail node is more than three times of the screw diameter.
In the specific embodiment, the wall skeleton column at the butt joint seam of the wood base structure plate adopts a three-nail connection mode, wherein the two side wall skeletons are oppositely connected with the wood base structure plate through double nails, and the single nails penetrate through the butt joint seam of the wood base structure plate to be only connected with the two side wall skeletons; the distance between nails around the wall skeleton is 150mm, and the internal part is 300mm.
In a further embodiment provided by the invention, in A1, the cavities isolated by the wood-based structural plates are filled with glass wool with the surface density of more than or equal to 32kg/m < 2 > or rock wool with the density of more than or equal to 100kg/m < 3 >, respectively, without leaving gaps.
In still another embodiment provided by the invention, the thickness of the refractory stone slab in A1 is more than or equal to 12mm; the fire-resistant gypsum board is mainly paved vertically, and in particular, the fire-resistant gypsum board can be transversely paved when the specification of the fire-resistant gypsum board is not matched with the spacing between the internal wall bone posts; the width of the butt joint seam between the refractory gypsum boards is 3 mm-6 mm, and the butt joint seams of the inner and outer refractory gypsum boards are staggered; the butt joint seam adopts caulking paste and caulking breathable paper tape to fill and trowelle in three steps:
b1, smearing caulking paste with width not less than 100mm by taking the butt joint seam as the center;
a2, embedding a breathable paper tape on the surface of the previous embedding paste by taking the butt joint seam as a center, wherein the width of the paper tape is not less than 100mm;
and B3, smearing caulking paste with the width not less than 200mm on the surface of the caulking breathable paper tape by taking the butt joint seam as the center.
In still another embodiment provided by the invention, in A2, the elastic damping vibration attenuation rubber cushion layer adopts an industrial grade elastic rubber plate with a flame retardant grade of B1, the thickness is 10mm, the width is the width of the cross section of the wall skeleton column, the width is equal to the width of the wide cross section 14, and the elastic damping vibration attenuation rubber cushion layer is only arranged at the cross section of the wall skeleton.
The structure is characterized in that the structure is arranged by temporarily fixing the nails on the structural standard material, the length of the nails is 30-50 mm, the maximum length is smaller than the sum of the thicknesses of the wall bone posts and the elastic damping rubber cushion, finally, galvanized twist nails penetrate through the elastic damping rubber cushion to connect the wall bone and the wood base structure plate to form structural connection, the length of the nails is 30-50 mm, the maximum length cannot exceed the sum of the thicknesses of the wall bone posts 11 and the elastic rubber cushion 5, and the interval and the number of the nails are free from special requirements.
In a further embodiment provided by the invention, in A2, the metal vibration reduction keel is formed by pressing stainless metal sheets with the thickness of 0.6-1 mm, and comprises a transverse short side, a vertical short side, an inclined long side, a vertical long side and an inclined short side, wherein the sides are sequentially connected, and the length ratio is sequentially 1:2:2:3:1, the included angle between the two inclined sides and the vertical side is 120 degrees, the inclined long side and the inclined short side are opposite in inclined direction, and the stainless metal material with certain rigidity is adopted for pressing, and the thickness is in the range of 0.6-1 mm.
In the specific embodiment, the arrangement space of the metal vibration reduction keels is less than or equal to 600mm, the metal vibration reduction keels at the top and the bottom of the wall body frame are arranged in opposite directions, the outer cross sections of the transverse short sides are flush with the top and the bottom of the frame, the vertical short sides are connected with the wall body frame, the vertical long sides are connected with fire-resistant gypsum boards, the vertical short sides 16 are connected with the wall skeleton 2, the depth of the nailing wall skeleton is larger than 12 times of the screw diameter according to the specification of the current national standard wood skeleton combined wall body technical standard (GB/T50361-2018), the screw space is the space between the wall skeleton posts 11 in the frame, the number of screws at each screw node is larger than 2, the screw space between the top beam board 9 and the bottom beam board 10 is 200mm, the vertical long sides 18 are connected with the inner fire-resistant gypsum boards and the outer fire-resistant gypsum boards, the screw space between the connecting screws with the outer fire-resistant gypsum boards 4 is 150mm, and the length of the nails penetrating the vertical long sides 18 is smaller than the vertical distance between the vertical long sides 18 and the vertical short sides 16 of the metal vibration reduction keels.
Installing sound insulation improvement components (an elastic rubber cushion layer 5, a metal vibration reduction keel 6 and a double-layer fireproof gypsum board are adopted on the basis of the wall frame, wherein the elastic rubber cushion layer 5 is arranged between the wall frame 2 and the wood-based structural board 1, and before the wall frame 2 is positioned, the elastic rubber cushion layer 5 is temporarily fixed on a structural specification material by using shooting nails, and then the wall frame 2 is positioned; the metal vibration reduction keels 6 are arranged between the wall skeleton 2 and the inner layer fireproof gypsum board 3, are arranged on the wall skeleton 2 in parallel along the wall skeleton 11 from top to bottom at equal intervals, firstly connect the vertical short edges 16 with the wall skeleton 2 through galvanized self-tapping screws, secondly seal the gaps formed by the metal vibration reduction keels at the left and right side wall skeleton posts through the fireproof gypsum board strips 12, and finally connect the vertical long edges 18 with the double-layer fireproof gypsum board through galvanized self-tapping screws; the double-layer fireproof gypsum boards are connected to the metal vibration reduction keels 6, the staggered joint treatment is carried out between the inner-layer fireproof gypsum boards 3 and the outer-layer fireproof gypsum boards 4, the width range of the butt joint seam is 3 mm-6 mm, caulking paste and caulking breathable paper tape are adopted for filling trowelling, and the minimum specification size of the fireproof gypsum boards is carried out according to the requirements of the current national standard wood structure design standard (GB 50005-2017).
In a further embodiment provided by the invention, according to the specifications of the current national standard wood structural design standard (GB 50005-2017) and the current industry standard light steel joist composite wall body (JG/T544-2018), wood screws are selected for connecting the fire-resistant gypsum board to the structural specification materials, and the specification, the spacing and the quantity of the nails are carried out according to the specifications; galvanized self-tapping screws are connected between the metal vibration reduction keels and the structural specification materials, the distance between the connecting screws is the distance between the wall bone posts, the number of the connecting screws at each nail node is more than two, and the connecting screws at the top beam plate, the bottom beam plate and the side bone posts are encrypted; the metal vibration reduction keels are connected with the fireproof gypsum boards by galvanized self-tapping screws, the distance between the galvanized self-tapping screws and the connecting screws of the inner layer fireproof gypsum boards is 200mm, the distance between the galvanized self-tapping screws and the connecting screws of the outer layer fireproof gypsum boards is 150mm, and the length of the nails penetrating through the vertical long sides is smaller than the vertical distance between the vertical long sides and the vertical short sides of the metal vibration reduction keels.
In still another embodiment provided by the invention, after the wall frame, the metal vibration reduction keels and the fire-resistant gypsum boards are connected, an air interlayer is formed on the plane where the metal vibration reduction keels are located, the air interlayer is plugged by fire-resistant gypsum boards at the wall skeleton posts on the left side and the right side of the wall frame, and gaps left around the wall after plugging are filled with a foaming material with flame retardant grade not lower than B1 level.
In yet another embodiment provided by the invention, the thickness 12 of the fire-resistant gypsum board is less than the vertical distance between the vertical short side 16 and the vertical long side 18 of the metal vibration reduction keels 6, the width of the fire-resistant gypsum board is equal to the width of the wide section 14 of the structural standard material, the length of the fire-resistant gypsum board is equal to the distance between the two metal vibration reduction keels 6, and the fire-resistant gypsum board is connected with the wall skeleton column 11 through galvanized self-tapping screws.
The concrete implementation method is described by taking a balsa plywood shear wall with the dimensions of 2400X 2400mm (width X height) and containing sound insulation improvement components as an example.
In still another embodiment provided by the invention, the balsa wood frame wall body consists of two side wall skeletons, wood-based structure plates, glass wool, rock wool, metal damping keels, elastic rubber cushions, fireproof gypsum boards and other components, and the installation process is as follows: the method comprises the steps of wall frame assembly, glass wool filling in an inner cavity, inner metal vibration reduction keel installation, inner refractory gypsum board plugging, inner refractory gypsum board installation, rock wool filling in an outer cavity, outer metal vibration reduction keel installation, outer refractory gypsum board plugging and outer refractory gypsum board installation.
The wall skeleton adopts structural specification materials with the grade of II and the section specification size of 38mm multiplied by 89mm, the wood-based structural board adopts oriented strand boards with the grade of 1200mm multiplied by 2400mm multiplied by 12mm (width multiplied by height multiplied by thickness) to form an integrated frame of the assembled integrated balsa plywood shear wall, and the elastic rubber cushion layer is formed by cutting industrial elastic rubber boards with the thickness of 10 mm; firstly, temporarily fixing an elastic rubber cushion layer on a wider section of a structural specification material by using a nail with the length of 30mm, then completing the positioning of a top beam plate, a bottom beam plate, two side wall bone posts and a splicing seam part wall bone post of an inner side wall skeleton according to the wall size and the splicing seam position of a wood base structure plate, taking the splicing seam part wall bone post as the center, unfolding the rest wall bone posts at intervals of 406mm on the left side and the right side, placing the wood base structure plate on the positioned wall skeleton, completing the positioning of the outer side wall skeleton above the wood base structure plate in the same way, then completing the connection of the two side wall skeletons, the elastic rubber cushion layer and the wood base structure plate by using single nail, turning over the wall skeleton to complete the single nail connection of the other side wall skeleton, thereby forming the effect of double-nail relative connection, and finally completing new nail connection by penetrating the splicing seam part wall bone post; the screw adopts countersunk galvanized self-tapping screw with the Shanghai Mei Gu brand, and the diameter and the length are respectively 3.5mm and 90mm.
The cavity inside the wall frame is filled with glass wool with the surface density of 32kg/m 2.
The metal vibration reduction keels are formed by pressing galvanized iron sheets with the thickness of 1mm, are horizontally arranged on the inner side wall framework at intervals of 600mm, and the vertical short sides are connected with the wall framework through dry wall nails with the size of 3.5mm multiplied by 50mm in a specific connection mode according to the previous description.
Before the inner layer fireproof gypsum board is installed on the metal damping keels, gaps formed by the metal damping keels at the left side and the right side are blocked, fireproof gypsum battens are adopted for blocking, the fireproof gypsum battens are fixed on the wall bone posts by dry wall nails with the size of 3.5mm multiplied by 25mm, and after the gaps are blocked, the gaps left around the wall are blocked by adopting foaming materials.
The fire-resistant gypsum boards on two sides of the wall frame are of the same specification, the thickness of each fire-resistant gypsum board is 12mm, each inner fire-resistant gypsum board consists of three fire-resistant gypsum boards, the assembling sequence is 600mm×2400mm (width×height), 1200mm×2400mm (width×height) and 600mm×2400mm (width×height) from one side of the wall, each outer fire-resistant gypsum board consists of two fire-resistant gypsum boards, the fire-resistant gypsum boards are of 1200mm×2400mm, 3mm joints are reserved between the fire-resistant gypsum boards, and the joints are filled with caulking paste and air-permeable paper tape for caulking and trowelling; the inner layer fireproof gypsum board is connected to the vertical long edge of the metal vibration reduction keel by galvanized self-tapping screws with the spacing of 3.5mm multiplied by 25 mm; the outer layer of refractory plasterboard was attached to the vertical long side of the metal vibration dampening keel at 150mm intervals with 3.5mm x 35mm galvanized self-tapping screws.
After the inner side fireproof gypsum board is assembled, the outer side component is installed according to the process, rock wool with the density of 100kg/m < 3 > is filled in the outer side cavity, and then the processes of metal vibration reduction keel installation, fireproof gypsum board strip plugging, fireproof gypsum board installation and the like are sequentially carried out.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to comparative examples and embodiments
Comparative example
A high sound insulation grade balsa shear wall for an assembled building based on a double-cavity structure and a preparation method thereof are provided, wherein a contrast example is a balsa wall body of a conventional structure in the practical field of the assembled building engineering with a wood structure, SPF standard materials with grade II and size of 38mm multiplied by 89mm (thickness multiplied by width) are adopted to be connected into a wood frame through nail nodes, a top beam plate and side rib columns in the wood frame are double-layered, a bottom beam plate and an inner wall rib column are single-layered, the distance between the wall rib columns is 406mm, and then the cavity of the wall body framework is filled with the surface density of 32kg/m 3 The glass wool of (2) is characterized in that a single-layer oriented strand board and a single-layer fireproof gypsum board with the thickness of 12mm are respectively coated on two sides of a wall skeleton, the nail spacing of an edge area is 150mm in a joint of the oriented strand board and a wood frame, and the middle area is 300mm. The wall assembly requirement is completely carried out according to the specification of the current national standard of wood structural design standard (GB 50005-2017). And carrying out side force resistance performance test under the action of low-cycle repeated load on the wall body of the comparison example according to the international standard ISO-16670. Acoustic measurement of acoustic buildings and building elements according to the current national standard, part 3: laboratory measurements of air sound insulation of building elements (GB/T19889.3-2005), laboratory measurements of air sound insulation of walls of this construction are carried out, and test data are processed according to the current national standard building sound insulation evaluation Standard (GB/T50121-2005).
The result shows that under the action of reciprocating load, the balsawood wall body with the conventional structure has the elastic lateral stiffness of 1625kN/m, the ultimate bearing capacity of 23.6kN, the ductility coefficient of 5 and the energy consumption of 1.2kJ; the weight-counting sound insulation amount of the constructed wall body is 37dB, the air sound insulation amount after being corrected by pink noise frequency spectrum is 32dB, and the wall body does not meet the use requirements of most building wall bodies in the civil building sound insulation design Specification (GB 50118-2010) of the current national standard of China.
Example 1
A high sound insulation grade balsa shear wall for an assembled building based on a double-cavity structure and a preparation method thereof are provided, a structural specification material with grade II and size of 38mm multiplied by 89mm (thickness multiplied by width) is adopted in the balsa plywood shear wall as a wall skeleton material, an oriented strand board with size of 1200mm multiplied by 2400mm multiplied by 12mm (width multiplied by height multiplied by thickness) is adopted as a wood-based structural board, the spacing between wall posts in the wall skeleton is 406mm, the two sides of the wall skeleton are covered with single-layer fireproof gypsum boards with thickness of 12mm, and the packing density of the isolated cavities in the two sides of the wall skeleton is 32kg/m 2 Is made of glass wool. The diameter of nails for connecting the oriented strand board and the wood frame is 3.7mm, the length is 82mm, the interval between the nails in the edge area is 100mm, and the middle area is 200mm. Finally, the fabricated lightweight wall for construction with dimensions of 2400mm x 112mm (width x height x thickness) is formed.
And carrying out side force resistance performance test under the action of low-cycle repeated load on the wall body of the comparison example according to the international standard ISO-16670. Acoustic construction and construction element sound insulation measurement part 3 according to the current national standard: laboratory measurement of air sound insulation of building components (GB/T19889.3-2005), air sound insulation laboratory measurement is carried out on the light wall body with the structure, obtained measurement data are processed according to a method specified in the current national standard building sound insulation evaluation Standard (GB/T50121-2005), and then the sound insulation grade of the light wall body with the structure is evaluated according to the specification of the current national standard civil building sound insulation design Specification (GB 50118-2010).
According to test results, under the action of reciprocating load, the elastic lateral stiffness of the wall body of the embodiment is larger than 2050kN/m, the ultimate bearing capacity is larger than 65kN, the ductility coefficient is larger than 80, the energy consumption is larger than 35kJ, and compared with the conventional light wood wall body with the structure in the comparative example, the lateral force resistance of the wall body with the structure is greatly improved. In the embodiment, the air sound meter weight sound insulation amount of the light wall body is 45dB, the air sound insulation amount after the pink noise spectrum correction is 40dB, the air sound insulation level of the construction wall body is two-level according to the specification of the civil building sound insulation design Specification (GB 50118-2010) of the current national standard in China. Compared with a general comparison example wall body in an assembled building, the air sound meter weight sound insulation amount of the light wall body of the embodiment is improved by 8dB; compared with the patent technology of a sound-proof and heat-insulation wood-plastic integrated frame shear wood wall body with the application number of 201810138311.2, the weight-counting and sound-proof amount of the product of the embodiment is improved by 16dB; compared with a wall body (44 dB) with highest sound insulation performance reported by 29 < 3 > pages 159-163 < 3 > of the university of Beijing forestry in 2007, the wall body with the highest sound insulation performance is improved by 1dB. Compared with a wall reported by ' forestry science and technology ', volume 42, 6, 47-51 pages ', and ' influence study of an elastic transverse groove and a sound insulation felt on the sound insulation performance of a light wood structure wall ', the weight-counting sound insulation quantity of the product of the embodiment is improved by 5dB. Compared with the wall reported by the "wood-plastic building wall sound insulation performance test research" on pages 16-21 and 28 of 45 th volume and 12 th phase in the forest industry "2018, the weight-counting sound insulation quantity of the product of the embodiment is improved by 15dB. Compared with a wall reported by 'ginkgo wood hollow particle board composite wall sound insulation performance' on pages 11-13 of volume 39, 6 in the year 2012 of the forest industry, the weight-counting sound insulation quantity of the product of the embodiment is improved by 3dB. Compared with the 'adjustable double Helmholtz resonance light wood wall body' with application number 201922240285.7, the 'light wood structure wall body' with application number 201922240285.7 and the 'light fireproof sound insulation wall' with application number 201721746761.7, the embodiment has the characteristics that the structure is simple, modular wall body components are provided, rapid achievement transformation can be realized, product output can be completed on the existing light wall body assembly production line, and the wall body production and construction and installation have no fine operation requirements and are suitable for rapid construction of assembled buildings; the cost of the used materials is low and the materials are easy to obtain; the filling material in the wall body accords with the relevant regulations of the current national standard in China; the wall body has extremely high anti-seismic performance, and the side force resistance of the wall body is two to three times that of a common balsawood shear wall, so that the wall body can be used as a vertical side force resistant member of an assembled wood structure building. According to the specification of the current national standard of sound insulation design Specification for civil buildings (GB 50118-2010), the wall body of the embodiment accords with the indoor bedroom wall (more than or equal to 35 dB) and indoor bedroom wall (more than or equal to 30 dB) of a residential building.
Example 2
A high sound insulation grade balsa shear wall for an assembled building based on a double-cavity structure and a preparation method thereof are provided, a structural specification material with grade II and size of 38mm multiplied by 89mm (thickness multiplied by width) is adopted in the balsa plywood shear wall as a wall skeleton material, an oriented strand board with size of 1200mm multiplied by 2400mm multiplied by 12mm (width multiplied by height multiplied by thickness) is adopted as a wood-based structural board, the spacing between wall posts in the wall skeleton is 406mm, the two sides of the wall skeleton are covered with single-layer fireproof gypsum boards with thickness of 12mm, and the two sides of the wall skeleton are respectively filled with isolated cavities with surface density of 32kg/m 2 Glass wool with a density of 100kg/m 3 Finally forming the assembled light wall body for the building, wherein the dimensions of the wall body are 2400mm multiplied by 112mm (width multiplied by height multiplied by thickness).
And carrying out side force resistance performance test under the action of low-cycle repeated load on the wall body of the comparison example according to the international standard ISO-16670. Acoustic construction and construction element sound insulation measurement part 3 according to the current national standard: laboratory measurement of air sound insulation of building components (GB/T19889.3-2005), air sound insulation laboratory measurement is carried out on the light wall body with the structure, obtained measurement data are processed according to a method specified in the current national standard building sound insulation evaluation Standard (GB/T50121-2005), and then the sound insulation grade of the light wall body with the structure is evaluated according to the specification of the current national standard civil building sound insulation design Specification (GB 50118-2010).
According to test results, under the action of reciprocating load, the elastic lateral stiffness of the wall body of the embodiment is larger than 2050kN/m, the ultimate bearing capacity is larger than 65kN, the ductility coefficient is larger than 80, the energy consumption is larger than 35kJ, and compared with the conventional light wood wall body with the structure in the comparative example, the lateral force resistance of the wall body with the structure is greatly improved. In the embodiment, the air sound meter weight sound insulation amount of the light wall body is 45dB, the air sound insulation amount after the pink noise spectrum correction is 41dB, the air sound insulation level of the construction wall body is two-level according to the specification of the civil building sound insulation design Specification (GB 50118-2010) of the current national standard in China. Compared with a general comparison example wall body in an assembled building, the air sound meter weight sound insulation amount of the light wall body of the embodiment is improved by 8dB; compared with the patent technology of a sound-proof and heat-insulation wood-plastic integrated frame shear wood wall body with the application number of 201810138311.2, the weight-counting and sound-proof amount of the product of the embodiment is improved by 16dB; compared with a wall body (44 dB) with highest sound insulation performance reported by 29 < 3 > pages 159-163 < 3 > of the university of Beijing forestry in 2007, the wall body with the highest sound insulation performance is improved by 1dB. Compared with a wall reported by ' forestry science and technology ', volume 42, 6, 47-51 pages ', and ' influence study of an elastic transverse groove and a sound insulation felt on the sound insulation performance of a light wood structure wall ', the weight-counting sound insulation quantity of the product of the embodiment is improved by 5dB. Compared with the wall reported by the "wood-plastic building wall sound insulation performance test research" on pages 16-21 and 28 of 45 th volume and 12 th phase in the forest industry "2018, the weight-counting sound insulation quantity of the product of the embodiment is improved by 15dB. Compared with a wall reported by 'ginkgo wood hollow particle board composite wall sound insulation performance' on pages 11-13 of volume 39, 6 in the year 2012 of the forest industry, the weight-counting sound insulation quantity of the product of the embodiment is improved by 3dB. Compared with the 'adjustable double Helmholtz resonance light wood wall body' with application number 201922240285.7, the 'light wood structure wall body' with application number 201922240285.7 and the 'light fireproof sound insulation wall' with application number 201721746761.7, the embodiment has the characteristics that the structure is simple, modular wall body components are provided, rapid achievement transformation can be realized, product output can be completed on the existing light wall body assembly production line, and the wall body production and construction and installation have no fine operation requirements and are suitable for rapid construction of assembled buildings; the cost of the used materials is low and the materials are easy to obtain; the filling material in the wall body accords with the relevant regulations of the current national standard in China; the wall body has extremely high anti-seismic performance, and the side force resistance of the wall body is two to three times that of a common balsawood shear wall, so that the wall body can be used as a vertical side force resistant member of an assembled wood structure building. According to the specification of the current national standard of sound insulation design Specification for civil buildings (GB 50118-2010), the wall body of the embodiment accords with the indoor bedroom wall (more than or equal to 35 dB) and indoor bedroom wall (more than or equal to 30 dB) of a residential building.
Example 3
A high sound insulation grade balsa shear wall for an assembled building based on a double-cavity structure and a preparation method thereof are provided, a structural specification material with grade II and size of 38mm multiplied by 89mm (thickness multiplied by width) is adopted in the balsa plywood shear wall as a wall skeleton material, an oriented strand board with size of 1200mm multiplied by 2400mm multiplied by 12mm (width multiplied by height multiplied by thickness) is adopted as a wood-based structural board, an elastic damping vibration-damping rubber cushion layer with thickness of 10mm is arranged between the wall skeleton and the oriented strand board in the wall skeleton, 5 metal vibration-damping keels are arranged on the outer side of the wall skeleton, the distance is 600mm, two sides of the wall skeleton are covered with double-layer refractory gypsum boards with thickness of 12mm, and two side isolation cavities in the wall skeleton are respectively filled with surface density of 32kg/m 2 Glass wool with a density of 100kg/m 3 Finally forming the assembled light wall body for the building, wherein the dimensions of the wall body are 2400mm multiplied by 186mm (width multiplied by height multiplied by thickness).
And carrying out side force resistance performance test under the action of low-cycle repeated load on the wall body of the comparison example according to the international standard ISO-16670. Acoustic construction and construction element sound insulation measurement part 3 according to the current national standard: laboratory measurement of air sound insulation of building components (GB/T19889.3-2005), air sound insulation laboratory measurement is carried out on the light wall body with the structure, obtained measurement data are processed according to a method specified in the current national standard building sound insulation evaluation Standard (GB/T50121-2005), and then the sound insulation grade of the light wall body with the structure is evaluated according to the specification of the current national standard civil building sound insulation design Specification (GB 50118-2010).
According to test results, under the action of reciprocating load, the elastic lateral stiffness of the wall body of the embodiment is larger than 2050kN/m, the ultimate bearing capacity is larger than 65kN, the ductility coefficient is larger than 80, the energy consumption is larger than 35kJ, and compared with the conventional light wood wall body with the structure in the comparative example, the lateral force resistance of the wall body with the structure is greatly improved. In the embodiment, the air sound meter weight sound insulation amount of the light wall body is 52dB, the air sound insulation amount after the pink noise spectrum correction is 50dB, the air sound insulation level of the construction wall body is special according to the specification of the current national standard of civil construction sound insulation design Specification (GB 50118-2010) in China. Compared with a general comparison example wall body in an assembled building, the air sound meter weight sound insulation quantity of the light wall body of the embodiment is improved by 13dB; compared with the patent technology of a sound-proof and heat-insulation wood-plastic integrated frame shear wood wall body with the application number of 201810138311.2, the weight-counting and sound-proof amount of the product of the embodiment is improved by 23dB; compared with a wall body (44 dB) with highest sound insulation performance reported by 29 < 3 > pages 159-163 < 3 > of the university of Beijing forestry in 2007, the wall body with the highest sound insulation performance is improved by 8dB. Compared with a wall reported by ' forestry science and technology ', volume 42, 6, 47-51 pages ', and ' influence study of an elastic transverse groove and a sound insulation felt on the sound insulation performance of a light wood structure wall ', the weight-counting sound insulation quantity of the product of the embodiment is improved by 12dB. Compared with the wall reported by the "wood-plastic building wall sound insulation performance test research" on pages 16-21 and 28 of 45 th volume and 12 th phase in the forest industry "2018, the weight-counting sound insulation quantity of the product of the embodiment is improved by 22dB. Compared with the wall reported by the ' ginkgo wood hollow particle board composite wall sound insulation performance ' on pages 11-13 and 39 of the volume 39 of the forest industry ', the weight-counting sound insulation quantity of the product of the embodiment is improved by 10dB. Compared with the 'adjustable double Helmholtz resonance light wood wall body' with application number 201922240285.7, the 'light wood structure wall body' with application number 201922240285.7 and the 'light fireproof sound insulation wall' with application number 201721746761.7, the embodiment has the characteristics that the structure is simple, modular wall body components are provided, rapid achievement transformation can be realized, product output can be completed on the existing light wall body assembly production line, and the wall body production and construction and installation have no fine operation requirements and are suitable for rapid construction of assembled buildings; the cost of the used materials is low and the materials are easy to obtain; the filling material in the wall body accords with the relevant regulations of the current national standard in China; the wall body has extremely high anti-seismic performance and can be used as a vertical side force resistant member of an assembled wood structure building. According to the regulations of the current national standard of civil architecture sound insulation design Specification (GB 50118-2010), the wall body of the embodiment accords with the partition wall (> 45 dB) of residential architecture, the partition wall (> 50 dB) of language classrooms and reading rooms in school architecture, the partition wall (> 50 dB) between common classrooms and various rooms generating noise, the partition wall (> 45 dB) between common classrooms, the partition wall (> 45 dB) between music classrooms and musical rooms, the partition wall (> 50 dB) between ward and rooms generating noise in hospital architecture, the partition wall (> 45 dB) between operating rooms and rooms generating noise, the partition wall (> 45 dB) between ward and ward, the partition wall (> 40 dB) between operating rooms and common rooms, the partition wall (> 50 dB) of hearing test rooms, the partition wall between external shock wave and nuclear magnetic resonance rooms, the partition wall special grade (> 50 dB) between guest rooms in hotel architecture, the partition wall special grade (> 45 dB) between guest rooms and guest rooms, the partition wall between guest rooms and rooms generating noise in office rooms is required to meet the requirements of high performance requirements (> 50 dB) between rooms and rooms.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that modifications may be made to the described embodiments in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not as restrictive of the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for the assembled building based on the double-cavity structure is characterized by comprising a wood base structure plate (1) and wall frameworks (2), wherein the wall frameworks (2) are arranged on two sides of the wood base structure plate (1);
cavities which are isolated from each other are formed in the two sides of the wood-based structural board (1) and the two sides of the wall skeleton (2), and glass wool (8) and rock wool (7) are respectively filled in the cavities;
an elastic damping vibration reduction rubber cushion layer (5) is arranged between the wall skeleton (2) and the wood-based structure plate (1);
two sides of the wall skeleton (2) are respectively covered with refractory gypsum boards;
and metal vibration reduction keels (6) are arranged between the wall skeleton (2) and the fireproof gypsum board in parallel at equal intervals from top to bottom along the wall skeleton column.
One side of the wall skeleton (2) is provided with galvanized twist nails (20), and the galvanized twist nails (20) penetrate through the wood-based structure plate (1) and extend to the inside of the wall skeleton (2) at the other side of the wood-based structure plate (1).
2. The high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for the assembled building based on the double-cavity structure, as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that the wall skeleton (2) comprises a wall skeleton column (11), a top beam plate (9) and a bottom beam plate (11), and the top beam plate (9) and the bottom beam plate (11) are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the wall skeleton column (11).
3. The high sound insulation grade balsa shear wall for the fabricated building based on the double-cavity structure according to claim 1, wherein the fire-resistant gypsum board comprises fire-resistant gypsum boards (12), an inner gypsum board (3) and an outer gypsum board (4), the fire-resistant gypsum boards (12) are positioned on one side of a wall skeleton (11), and the inner gypsum board (3) is positioned between a metal vibration reduction keel (6) and the outer gypsum board (4) and on one side of the fire-resistant gypsum boards (12).
4. The preparation method of the high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for the assembled building based on the double-cavity structure comprises the steps of:
a1, assembling a balsa shear wall frame through nail nodes, wherein the wall frame comprises two side wall frameworks and a middle wood-based structure board, cavities which are isolated from each other are formed in the two side wall frameworks of the wood-based structure board, glass wool or rock wool is respectively filled in the two side cavities, and then refractory gypsum boards are respectively covered on two sides of the wall frameworks;
A2, arranging an elastic damping vibration attenuation rubber cushion layer between the wall skeleton and the wood-based structure plate along the section of the wall skeleton on the basis of the wall body, and arranging metal vibration attenuation keels between the wall skeleton and the fireproof gypsum plate in parallel along the wall skeleton column at equal intervals from top to bottom;
a3, adopting uniform specification and dimension for structural specification materials, namely a top beam plate, a bottom beam plate and wall skeleton columns serving as two side wall skeletons, wherein the top beam plate, the bottom beam plate and the wall skeleton columns are respectively arranged in a single mode, the two side wall skeletons are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the wood base structure plate, gaps of 3 mm-6 mm are reserved at the butt joint joints of the wood base structure plate, elastic sealant is used for filling and trowelling, and then the wall skeleton columns are arranged at two sides of the section where the butt joint joints of the wood base structure plate are located;
and A4, connecting the two side wall frameworks with the wood-based structural board by using galvanized twist nails.
5. The method for preparing the high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for the assembled building based on the double-cavity structure according to claim 3, wherein in the A3, the wide section of the structural specification material is an opposite surface, the horizontal spacing between every two wall skeleton columns is 406mm, and the width dimension of the wall skeleton is equal to that of the wood-based structure plate; the wood-based structure board adopts oriented strand board, structural plywood or bamboo plywood.
6. The method for manufacturing the high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for the assembled building based on the double-cavity structure, which is disclosed by claim 4, is characterized in that in A4, galvanized twist nails are used for connecting two side wall frameworks and a wood-based structural plate, and the inner and outer opposite connection modes of the double nails are adopted, namely, the mode that each nail node section is respectively nailed into the galvanized twist nails from the surfaces of the two side wall frameworks, and the double nail spacing of the same nail node section is more than three times of screw diameter.
7. The method for preparing the high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for the assembled building based on the double-cavity structure as claimed in claim 4, wherein in A1, the cavities isolated by the wood-based structural plates are respectively provided with the surface density of more than or equal to 32kg/m 2 Glass wool or density not less than 100kg/m 3 The rock wool is filled without leaving gaps.
8. The preparation method of the high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for the fabricated building based on the double-cavity structure, which is disclosed by claim 4, wherein the thickness of the fire-resistant gypsum board in A1 is more than or equal to 12mm; the fire-resistant gypsum board is mainly paved vertically, and in particular, the fire-resistant gypsum board can be transversely paved when the specification of the fire-resistant gypsum board is not matched with the spacing between the internal wall bone posts; the width of the butt joint seam between the refractory gypsum boards is 3 mm-6 mm, and the butt joint seams of the inner and outer refractory gypsum boards are staggered; the butt joint seam of the fireproof gypsum board is filled and troweled in three steps by adopting caulking paste and caulking breathable paper tape:
B1, smearing caulking paste with the width more than or equal to 100mm by taking the butt joint seam as the center;
b2, embedding a breathable paper tape on the surface of the previous embedding paste by taking the butt joint seam as the center, wherein the width of the paper tape is more than or equal to 100mm;
and B3, coating caulking paste with the width more than or equal to 200mm on the surface of the caulking breathable paper tape by taking the butt joint seam as the center.
9. The method for preparing the high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for the assembled building based on the double-cavity structure, which is disclosed by claim 4, is characterized in that in the A2, an elastic damping vibration attenuation rubber cushion layer is a flame-retardant grade B1 grade industrial grade elastic rubber plate, the thickness is 10mm, the width is the width of a wall skeleton column section, and the elastic damping vibration attenuation rubber cushion layer is only arranged at the wall skeleton section.
10. The method for manufacturing the high sound insulation grade balsawood shear wall for the assembled building based on the double-cavity structure, which is disclosed in claim 4, is characterized in that in A2, the metal vibration reduction keels are formed by pressing stainless metal sheets with the thickness ranging from 0.6 mm to 1mm, and the method comprises the steps of sequentially connecting one transverse short side, one vertical short side, one inclined long side, one vertical long side and one inclined short side, wherein the length ratio is sequentially 1:2:2:3:1, the included angle between the two inclined sides and the vertical side is 120 degrees, and the inclined long side and the inclined short side are opposite in inclined direction.
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