CN116445163A - 一种纯红色上转换发光纳米材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种纯红色上转换发光纳米材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 title claims description 22
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 239000002159 nanocrystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 75
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- ZMBHCYHQLYEYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctylphosphine oxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCP(=O)(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC ZMBHCYHQLYEYDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dioctyloctan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910021591 Copper(I) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(I) chloride Chemical compound [Cu]Cl OXBLHERUFWYNTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001629 magnesium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910017855 NH 4 F Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- HDGGAKOVUDZYES-UHFFFAOYSA-K erbium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Er](Cl)Cl HDGGAKOVUDZYES-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- PSCMQHVBLHHWTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K indium(iii) chloride Chemical compound Cl[In](Cl)Cl PSCMQHVBLHHWTO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- DVMZCYSFPFUKKE-UHFFFAOYSA-K scandium chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sc](Cl)Cl DVMZCYSFPFUKKE-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- OBOSXEWFRARQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-n,2-n-dimethylpyridine-2,5-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=C(N)C=N1 OBOSXEWFRARQPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005281 excited state Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002189 fluorescence spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001215 fluorescent labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021644 lanthanide ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008832 photodamage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种强度较高且单色性优异的稀土掺杂红色上转换发光纳米颗粒及其制备方法。本发明以CuScInF8为基质,稀土离子Er3+作为发光中心占据Sc3+格位,Cu2+离子分布于Er3+周围作为蓝绿波段离子猝灭中心,通过在In3+的格位掺杂Mg2+增强晶格畸变,可实现增强Er3+的红峰发射的目标,可以获得单色性较好且强度较高的红色上转换发光纳米颗粒。本发明解决了稀土掺杂上转换发光纳米晶杂峰较多、单色性差的问题。本发明的纳米颗粒形貌均匀性好,颗粒尺寸约在40nm左右,可以在980nm近红外激发波长下实现色纯度高达90%以上的红色上转换发光,且发光强度大范围可调,在生物检测荧光编码微球上显示出重要应用前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纳米领域;具体涉及一种纯红色上转换发光纳米材料及其制备方法,特别是稀土掺杂CuScInF8红色上转换发光纳米材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
上转换发光是一种非线性反斯托克斯光学过程,其中稀土离子通过吸收两个或多个近红外低能光子,可发射可见或紫外波段的高能光子。稀土掺杂上转换纳米颗粒(UCNP)具有独特的光学性质,如窄带发射、大的反斯托克斯位移、高化学稳定性和光稳定性、长荧光寿命、高信噪比(S/N),对生物样品光损伤小、穿透深度大。具有单发射峰的纯色上转换发光纳米颗粒,作为荧光编码微球的功能单元,在高通量、高灵敏、快速生物荧光检测领域具有重要的应用前景。
镧系稀土离子是上转换发光最常见的发光中心,然而由于镧系离子激发态能级非常丰富,造成镧系掺杂纳米晶在可见光波段通常显示出多峰发射光谱,这成为获得单色性或色纯度佳的红色上转换发光材料的主要难点。为此,常常采用Er3+作为发光中心,通过掺杂其他离子猝灭Er3+的绿峰发射提高其红色发光的色纯度,然而,在猝灭绿峰发射的同时也会降低红峰发射的强度,导致红峰发射强度不高且不稳定的现象。因此,本专利提出来一种更加有效的稀土纯红色上转换发光策略。
发明内容
本发明以CuScInF8晶格作为基质,Er3+离子作为发光中心占据Sc3+格位,Cu2+离子分布于Er3+周围作为蓝绿波段离子猝灭中心,通过在In3+的格位掺杂Mg2+增强晶格畸变,可实现增强Er3+的红峰发射的目标,获得单色性较好且强度较高的红色上转换发光纳米颗粒。该新型的纯红色上转换发光纳米材料纳米晶均匀性、稳定性都较好,红色光强度和单色性都较高。
本发明提供的一种纯红色上转换发光纳米材料,其结构通式为:CuSc1-xIn1-yF8:xEr3+,yMg2+,其中x+y=0.2,y=0-0.02,所述x为Er掺杂的摩尔浓度,y为Mg掺杂的摩尔浓度,1-x为Sc掺杂的摩尔浓度,1-y为In掺杂的摩尔浓度。
优选地,该纯红色上转换发光纳米材料结构式为CuSc0.81In0.99F8:0.19Er3+,0.01Mg2+。
另一方面,本发明还提供一种纯红色上转换发光纳米材料的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
S1.按照化学计量比例取氯化钪,氯化铟,氯化铒,氯化镁,与5ml三辛基氧化膦
(TOPO)和15ml三辛胺在50ml三颈烧瓶中混合,在Ar气氛下加热至150℃下搅拌形成均一溶液,然后冷却至50℃;
S2.向烧瓶中缓慢加入10ml含CuCl2和NH4F的甲醇溶液;常温下混合搅拌30min;
S3.将溶液缓慢加热蒸发甲醇,排净后,在100℃下脱气10min;
S4.在Ar气氛下迅速升温至290℃,并保持1h;
S5.待溶液自然冷却至室温后,用乙醇从溶液中析出纳米晶,用乙醇/环己烷溶液(体积比3:1)洗涤3次,得纯红色上转换发光纳米材料。
优选的,步骤S1-S5均在通风橱中操作。
步骤S1中,三辛基氧化膦(TOPO)的体积为5ml,三辛胺的体积为15ml。
步骤S2中,甲醇溶液含2mmol CuCl2和10mmol NH4F。
通过本发明制备方法制备纯红色上转换发光纳米材料,可以稳定CuScInF8基质,制备工艺简单,制备出的纯红色上转换发光纳米材料米晶均匀性、稳定性都较好,红色光强度和单色性都较高。
有益效果:
本发明以CuScInF8晶格作为基质,Er3+离子作为发光中心占据Sc3+格位,Cu2+离子分布于Er3+周围作为蓝绿波段离子猝灭中心,通过在In3+的格位掺杂Mg2+增强晶格畸变,可实现增强Er3+的红峰发射的目标,可以获得单色性较好且强度较高的红色上转换发光纳米颗粒。在980nm波长的激发下,Er3+主要发射出541nm(4S3/2-4I15/2)和650nm(4F9/2-4I15/2)的绿色和红色发射峰。掺杂Cu2+后,Er3+的4S3/2会与Cu2+的3P1能级发生交叉驰豫,同时Cu2+的发光猝灭浓度较低,导致较易在低浓度Cu2+掺杂的条件下同时猝灭Er3+和Cu2+的绿色发光,由此获得良好的纯色红光上转换发射。
本发明掺杂Er3+和Cu2+后因掺杂浓度过高会出现浓度猝灭导致发光强度不高的现象,为了提高发光强度,掺杂Mg2+作为敏化剂,与Er3+发生能量传递过程,大大增强了Er3+的红峰强度。
本发明制备方法工艺简单,使用控温仪精确控制温度,并且在通风橱中进行,可以避免外界影响对温度的波扰,从而制备过程可实现对温度的精确控制,本发明所制备的纳米颗粒形貌均匀性好,颗粒尺寸约在40nm左右,可以在980nm近红外激发波长下实现几乎纯净的红色上转换发光,且较低功率下就可以得到较高的发光强度,提高了发光效率。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例三中制备的CuScInF8纯红色上转换发光纳米材料基质的XRD图。
图2是本发明具体实施例一至实施例五中980nm激光激发不同Er3+、Mg2+离子浓度组合掺杂CuScInF8样品上转换荧光光谱图。
图3是本发明实施例三中制备的CuScInF8纯红色上转换发光纳米材料基质的TEM图,颗粒尺寸约在40nm左右。
图4是本发明对比例和实施例一至五中980nm激光激发不同Er3+、Mg2+离子浓度组合掺杂CuScInF8样品CIE1931色坐标图。
具体实施方式
为了更好地理解本发明,下面结合附图及实施例进一步阐述本发明的内容,本发明技术方案不局限于以下所列举的具体实施例。
对比例:
为证实本专利基质结构对提高红色色纯度的有益作用,在对比例中使用常用的NaYF4作为基质,掺杂Er、Mg。
将0.8mmol氯化钇,0.19mmol氯化铒,0.01mmol氯化镁,5ml三辛基氧化膦(TOPO)和15ml三辛胺在50ml三颈烧瓶中混合,在Ar气氛下加热至150℃下搅拌形成均一溶液。
等上一步所得透明溶液冷却至50℃时,向烧瓶中缓慢加入10ml含NaCl(2mmol)和NH4F(10mmol)的甲醇溶液,并在常温下混合搅拌30min。
在搅拌条件下将上一步所得到的溶液缓慢加热蒸发甲醇,待甲醇排净后,在100℃下脱气10min。
在搅拌条件下在氩气气氛下迅速加热升温至290℃,持续搅拌并保温一小时;
等上一步所得溶液冷却到室温后停止搅拌,用乙醇从溶液中析出纳米晶,用乙醇/环己烷溶液(体积比3:1)洗涤3次,即得到红色上转换发光纳米材料NaYF4:0.19Er3+,0.01Mg2+。
实施例一:
将0.8mmol氯化钪,1mmol氯化铟,0.2mmol氯化铒,0mmol氯化镁(即未添加氯化镁),5ml三辛基氧化膦(TOPO)和15ml三辛胺在50ml三颈烧瓶中混合,在Ar气氛下加热至150℃下搅拌形成均一溶液。
等上一步所得透明溶液冷却至50℃时,向烧瓶中缓慢加入10ml含CuCl2(2mmol)和NH4F(10mmol)的甲醇溶液,并在常温下混合搅拌30min。
在搅拌条件下将上一步所得到的溶液缓慢加热蒸发甲醇,待甲醇排净后,在100℃下脱气10min。
在搅拌条件下在氩气气氛下迅速加热升温至290℃,持续搅拌并保温一小时;
等上一步所得溶液冷却到室温后停止搅拌,用乙醇从溶液中析出纳米晶,用乙醇/环己烷溶液(体积比3:1)洗涤3次,即得到纯红色上转换发光纳米材料CuSc0.8InF8:0.2Er3+。
实施例二:
将0.805mmol氯化钪,0.995mmol氯化铟,0.195mmol氯化铒,0.005mmol氯化镁,5ml三辛基氧化膦(TOPO)和15ml三辛胺在50ml三颈烧瓶中混合,在Ar气氛下加热至150℃下搅拌形成均一溶液。
等上一步所得透明溶液冷却至50℃时,向烧瓶中缓慢加入10ml含CuCl2(2mmol)和NH4F(10mmol)的甲醇溶液,并在常温下混合搅拌30min。
在搅拌条件下将上一步所得到的溶液缓慢加热蒸发甲醇,待甲醇排净后,在100℃下脱气10min。
在搅拌条件下在氩气气氛下迅速加热升温至290℃,持续搅拌并保温一小时;
等上一步所得溶液冷却到室温后停止搅拌,用乙醇从溶液中析出纳米晶,用乙醇/环己烷溶液(体积比3:1)洗涤3次,即得到单红色上转换荧光标记颗粒CuSc0.805In0.995F8:0.195Er3+,0.005Mg2+。
实施例三:
将0.81mmol氯化钪,0.99mmol氯化铟,0.19mmol氯化铒,0.01mmol氯化镁,5ml三辛基氧化膦(TOPO)和15ml三辛胺在50ml三颈烧瓶中混合,在Ar气氛下加热至150℃下搅拌形成均一溶液。
等上一步所得透明溶液冷却至50℃时,向烧瓶中缓慢加入10ml含CuCl2(2mmol)和NH4F(10mmol)的甲醇溶液,并在常温下混合搅拌30min。
在搅拌条件下将上一步所得到的溶液缓慢加热蒸发甲醇,待甲醇排净后,在100℃下脱气10min。
在搅拌条件下在氩气气氛下迅速加热升温至290℃,持续搅拌并保温一小时;
等上一步所得溶液冷却到室温后停止搅拌,用乙醇从溶液中析出纳米晶,用乙醇/环己烷溶液(体积比3:1)洗涤3次,即得到单红色上转换荧光标记颗粒CuSc0.81In0.99F8:0.19Er3+,0.01Mg2+。
实施例四:
将0.815mmol氯化钪,0.985mmol氯化铟,0.185mmol氯化铒,0.015mmol氯化镁,5ml三辛基氧化膦(TOPO)和15ml三辛胺在50ml三颈烧瓶中混合,在Ar气氛下加热至150℃下搅拌形成均一溶液。
等上一步所得透明溶液冷却至50℃时,向烧瓶中缓慢加入10ml含CuCl2(2mmol)和NH4F(10mmol)的甲醇溶液,并在常温下混合搅拌30min。
在搅拌条件下将上一步所得到的溶液缓慢加热蒸发甲醇,待甲醇排净后,在100℃下脱气10min。
在搅拌条件下在氩气气氛下迅速加热升温至290℃,持续搅拌并保温一小时;
等上一步所得溶液冷却到室温后停止搅拌,用乙醇从溶液中析出纳米晶,用乙醇/环己烷溶液(体积比3:1)洗涤3次,即得到单红色上转换荧光标记颗粒CuSc0.815In0.985F8:0.185Er3+,0.015Mg2+。
实施例五:
将0.82mmol氯化钪,0.98mmol氯化铟,0.18mmol氯化铒,0.02mmol氯化镁,5ml三辛基氧化膦(TOPO)和15ml三辛胺在50ml三颈烧瓶中混合,在Ar气氛下加热至150℃下搅拌形成均一溶液。
等上一步所得透明溶液冷却至50℃时,向烧瓶中缓慢加入10ml含CuCl2(2mmol)和NH4F(10mmol)的甲醇溶液,并在常温下混合搅拌30min。
在搅拌条件下将上一步所得到的溶液缓慢加热蒸发甲醇,待甲醇排净后,在100℃下脱气10min。
在搅拌条件下在氩气气氛下迅速加热升温至290℃,持续搅拌并保温一小时;
等上一步所得溶液冷却到室温后停止搅拌,用乙醇从溶液中析出纳米晶,用乙醇/环己烷溶液(体积比3:1)洗涤3次,即得到单红色上转换荧光标记颗粒CuSc0.82In0.98F8:0.18Er3+,0.02Mg2+。
实施例六:发光性能试验
将对比例和实施例一至实施例五所制备的纳米颗粒在980nm激光激发下发射光谱,其相关波长、强度和色纯度见表一所示。
表一:
由表一可得,实施例三制备的红色上转换荧光标记颗粒CuSc0.81In0.99F8:0.19Er3+,0.01Mg2+,在660nm左右拥有最强的荧光和最高的色纯度,其色纯度高至95.25%。其基质的XRD图为图1所示,TEM图如图3所示。
实施例一至五制备的红色上转换荧光标记颗粒,在980nm激光激发下发射光谱如图2所示,由图2可以看出:在CuScInF8基质中掺杂Er3+后,显示出绿色(540nm,左边小峰)和红色(660nm,右边高峰)两种颜色的上转换发光(实施例一),再掺杂Mg2+后,绿峰得到抑制的同时红色上转换荧光强度有显著升高(实施例二、三),色纯度得到提高,但是随着Mg2+掺杂量的增加,红峰强度又呈现下降的趋势(实施例四、五),因此最佳掺杂浓度组合应为:CuSc0.81In0.99F8:0.19Er3+,0.01Mg2+(实施例三)。如图4中对比例和实施例一至五中980nm激光激发不同Er3+、Mg2+离子浓度组合掺杂CuScInF8样品CIE1931色坐标图显示,对比例的红色单色并不明显,实施例一至实施例五的单红色纯度较高,都达到了84%以上,其中实施例三的单红色纯度最高,达到95.25%。
如图2和图4所示,实施例三中的纯红色上转换荧光标记材料CuSc0.81In0.99F8:0.19Er3+,0.01Mg2+在980nm近红外激发下的发射光谱,与实施例一、二、四、五在980nm近红外激发下的发射曲线相比,实施例三在660nm左右拥有最强的荧光和最高的色纯度,其色纯度高至95.25%,成功实现了单红色上转换发光的目标。
本发明所设计合成的单红色上转换荧光标记材料可应用于荧光标记、生物检测等领域,既可以满足不同检测条件及检测要求,又可以得出精度强,准确性高的检测结果。
Claims (6)
1.一种纯红色上转换发光纳米材料,其特征在于,其结构通式为:CuSc1-xIn1-yF8:xEr3+,yMg2+,其中x+y=0.2,y=0-0.02,所述x为Er掺杂的摩尔浓度,y为Mg掺杂的摩尔浓度,1-x为Sc掺杂的摩尔浓度,1-y为In掺杂的摩尔浓度。
2.根据权利要求1所述的纯红色上转换发光纳米材料,其特征在于,其结构式为CuSc0.81In0.99F8:0.19Er3+,0.01Mg2+。
3.如权利要求1或2的纯红色上转换发光纳米材料的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
S1.按照化学计量比例取氯化钪,氯化铟,氯化铒,氯化镁,与三辛基氧化膦(TOPO)和三辛胺在50ml三颈烧瓶中混合,在Ar气氛下加热至150℃下搅拌形成均一溶液,然后冷却至50℃;
S2.向烧瓶中缓慢加入含CuCl2和NH4F的甲醇溶液,常温下混合搅拌30min;
S3.将搅拌后的溶液缓慢加热蒸发甲醇,待甲醇排净后,在100℃下脱气10min;
S4.在Ar气氛下迅速升温至290℃,并保持1h;
S5.待溶液自然冷却至室温后,用乙醇从溶液中析出纳米晶,用乙醇/环己烷溶液(体积比3:1)洗涤3次,得纯红色上转换发光纳米材料。
4.根据权利要求3所述的纯红色上转换发光纳米材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1-S5均在通风橱中操作。
5.根据权利要求3所述的纯红色上转换发光纳米材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S1中,三辛基氧化膦(TOPO)的体积为5ml,三辛胺的体积为15ml。
6.根据权利要求3所述的纯红色上转换发光纳米材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤S2中,甲醇溶液含2mmol CuCl2和10mmol NH4F。
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