CN116444292A - Method for preparing ceramsite by cooperatively utilizing waste incineration fly ash and waste glass fiber reinforced plastic - Google Patents
Method for preparing ceramsite by cooperatively utilizing waste incineration fly ash and waste glass fiber reinforced plastic Download PDFInfo
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- CN116444292A CN116444292A CN202310722216.8A CN202310722216A CN116444292A CN 116444292 A CN116444292 A CN 116444292A CN 202310722216 A CN202310722216 A CN 202310722216A CN 116444292 A CN116444292 A CN 116444292A
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 81
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 99
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 68
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910001504 inorganic chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-6-methylphenol Chemical compound [CH]OC1=CC=CC([CH])=C1O KXGFMDJXCMQABM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010309 melting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001568 phenolic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxin Chemical compound O1C=COC=C1 KVGZZAHHUNAVKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002430 Fibre-reinforced plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003841 chloride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001784 detoxification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000584 environmental toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011151 fibre-reinforced plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/06—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by burning-out added substances by burning natural expanding materials or by sublimating or melting out added substances
- C04B38/063—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B38/0635—Compounding ingredients
- C04B38/0645—Burnable, meltable, sublimable materials
- C04B38/067—Macromolecular compounds
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
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- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing ceramsite by cooperatively utilizing waste incineration fly ash and waste glass fiber reinforced plastic. The preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple in process, and the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic is cooperatively utilized to improve the sintering process of the waste incineration fly ash ceramsite, so that the high-strength sintered ceramsite with better performance is prepared under the same calcining temperature condition. The high-strength sintered ceramsite prepared by the method has the bulk density of 600-800 kg/m 3 And the barrel pressure intensity is higher than 4.2MPa.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of harmless disposal and resource utilization of dangerous wastes, and particularly relates to a method for preparing ceramsite by cooperatively utilizing waste incineration fly ash and waste glass fiber reinforced plastic.
Background
The fly ash from garbage incineration is powdery solid waste produced by denitration (non-catalytic), waste heat utilization, quenching, active carbon and slaked lime spraying (or rotary spraying) and cloth bag trapping of flue gas generated in the incineration process of household garbage or industrial garbage. The waste incineration fly ash is enriched with heavy metal pollutants and regenerated dioxin pollutants, has obvious environmental toxicity, is listed as dangerous waste, and is listed in the national dangerous waste catalogue and needs to be managed according to dangerous waste.
Besides heavy metals and dioxins, the waste incineration fly ash also contains a large amount of soluble chloride salts and calcium-based components, which not only increases the difficulty of detoxification of the waste incineration fly ash, but also limits the recycling way of the waste incineration fly ash. At present, the disposal technology for the waste incineration fly ash mainly comprises stabilization, landfill, water washing, cement kiln, water washing, high-temperature melting, ceramsite kiln disposal and the like. The stabilization and landfill technology not only does not essentially solve the problem of pollution of heavy metals and dioxins in the waste incineration fly ash, but also transfers pollution sources, and the risk of secondary pollution of water, soil and air in a landfill area is obviously increased. The technology of water washing and cement kiln can produce a large amount of waste salt polluted by heavy metal, the current recycling way of the waste salt is quite unclear, and meanwhile, the difficulty in controlling the quality of cement is increased due to the doping of the waste incineration fly ash in the raw material, so that the risk of heavy metal pollution in a cement kiln ash bin is increased. The water washing and high-temperature melting technology cannot overcome the problem of waste salt generation, and meanwhile, the energy consumption is excessive, so that a large amount of high-quality silicon-based materials are needed.
Waste glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics (FRP) are glass fiber reinforced plastics and are widely applied to the fields of chemical industry, construction, transportation and the like. However, glass fiber reinforced plastics are typical non-degradable materials, and the disposal of waste glass fiber reinforced plastics at present mainly comprises a physical recovery method, an energy recovery method and a chemical recovery method, and each method has respective advantages and limitations. More efficient, mature, economical, and environmentally friendly technologies have yet to be discovered.
Therefore, if the high-strength sintered ceramsite can be prepared by utilizing the waste incineration fly ash and the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic, the method not only provides a reference idea for cooperatively disposing the waste incineration fly ash and the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic, but also provides a technical reference for recycling the waste incineration fly ash and the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to provide a method for preparing ceramsite by cooperatively utilizing waste incineration fly ash and waste glass fiber reinforced plastic.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention discloses a method for preparing ceramsite by cooperatively utilizing waste incineration fly ash and waste glass fiber reinforced plastic, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Crushing waste glass fiber reinforced plastics into powder to obtain waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder;
(2) Mixing the gangue powder and the fly ash, and uniformly stirring to obtain a gangue ash material;
(3) Uniformly stirring waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, gangue ash material and waste incineration fly ash to obtain modified ash powder;
(4) Mixing the sludge and the modified ash powder, uniformly stirring, and granulating by a roller to obtain a ceramsite raw material;
(5) Aging the ceramsite raw material in a room temperature environment, introducing the aged ceramsite raw material into a ceramsite kiln for calcination, and cooling to obtain the high-strength sintered ceramsite.
Further, in the step (1), the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder is 100-400 meshes.
Further, in the step (2), the mass ratio of the gangue powder to the fly ash is 15-45:100.
Further, in the step (3), the mass ratio of the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder to the gangue ash material to the waste incineration fly ash is 10-50:25-75:100.
Further, the sludge in the step (4) is any one of municipal sludge, river sediment, printing and dyeing sludge and oil sludge.
Further, in the step (4), the mass ratio of the sludge to the modified ash powder is 10-30:100.
Further, in the step (5), the aging time is 3-12 days.
Further, in the step (5), the calcination temperature is 1050-1250 ℃.
Further, the calcination time is 15-45 minutes.
The high-strength sintered ceramsite prepared by the method disclosed by the invention.
Reaction mechanism: in the initial stage of calcining the ceramsite raw material, the solid resin in the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder is melted to generate a resin melt. The resin melt can wrap mineral particles in gangue ash materials, waste incineration fly ash and sludge, thereby being beneficial to rapid temperature rise and melting reaction between materials. Along with the temperature rise, inorganic chloride in the waste incineration fly ash permeates into the resin melt and other materials. Under the catalysis of inorganic salt, the resin melt is cracked to generate steam, carbon dioxide and other hydrocarbon combustible gases, which can further raise the temperature of the ceramic aggregate, and the generated steam can activate the material activity to strengthen the melting process of silicon, aluminum and calcium-based materials. Along with the continuous rising of the temperature, inorganic chloride and other soluble salts are melted, and molten salt permeates into various materials, so that the glass fiber in waste glass fiber reinforced plastic can be activated, the glass fiber is accelerated to be converted into unshaped, and the reaction of the unshaped glass fiber with waste ash materials and silicon-aluminum-based minerals and calcium hydroxide in waste incineration fly ash can be promoted to generate a compact molten structure.
The beneficial effects are that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the preparation method disclosed by the invention is simple in process, and the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic is cooperatively utilized to improve the sintering process of the waste incineration fly ash ceramsite, so that the high-strength sintered ceramsite with better performance is prepared under the same calcining temperature condition. The high-strength sintered ceramsite prepared by the method has the bulk density of 600-800 kg/m 3 And the barrel pressure intensity is higher than 4.2MPa.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the method for rapidly sintering ceramic granules according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Waste glass fiber reinforced plastic: the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic comes from Jiangyin Xinjiang glass fiber reinforced plastic limited company, specifically waste phenolic resin glass fiber reinforced plastic, and mainly consists of 32.48% phenolic resin and 67.52% glass fiber;
waste incineration fly ash: the waste incineration fly ash is provided by a company of a waste incineration power plant which is commonly done in Jiangsu, and mainly comprises 36.2 percent of CaO, 23.9 percent of Cl and 11.0 percent of SO 3 、11.6%Na 2 O、6.33%K 2 O、4.38%SiO 2 、1.40%Fe 2 O 3 、1.25%Al 2 O 3 And other components (loss on ignition and other unavoidable impurities);
oil sludge: the oil sludge is obtained from Shaanxi prolonged petroleum refinery and contains 34.51% of extracted oil, 21.73% of heavy oil, 27.44% of slag and 16.32% of water;
fly ash: the fly ash is from a Taicang power plant, mainly comprises 43.21% SiO 2 、27.08%Al 2 O 3 、15.62%Fe 2 O 3 、6.58%CaO、3.42%TiO 2 、1.43%SO 3 、1.04%K 2 O、0.63% Na 2 O and other components (unavoidable impurities and loss on ignition);
coal gangue: the gangue is from Shanxi mountain coal and electricity Co., ltd, and mainly comprises 46.87% SiO 2 、33.51%Al 2 O 3 、12.04%Fe 2 O 3 、2.72%CaO、2.36%K 2 O、1.37%TiO 2 And other components (unavoidable impurities and loss on ignition);
municipal sludge: municipal sludge comes from a river sewage treatment plant in the mature city and mainly comprises the following steps: 49.15% SiO 2 、15.17%Al 2 O 3 、9.83%Fe 2 O 3 、6.37%CaO、6.21%P 2 O 5 、2.83%MgO、1.46%SO 3 、1.21%K 2 O and other components (unavoidable impurities and loss on ignition);
river bottom mud: river sediment comes from dredging sediment of a conventional municipal Wei pond, and mainly comprises the following components: 44.31% SiO 2 、14.82%Al 2 O 3 、11.53%Fe 2 O 3 、9.54%CaO、7.15%P 2 O 5 、3.28%SO 3 、1.17%K 2 O and other components (unavoidable impurities and loss on ignition);
printing and dyeing sludge: the printing and dyeing sludge comes from a printing and dyeing enterprise of Shaoxing, and mainly comprises the following components: 25.72% SiO 2 、8.02%Al 2 O 3 、16.93%Fe 2 O 3 、10.68%CaO、2.39%MgO、0.05%K 2 O, 0.02% na and other ingredients (unavoidable impurities and loss on ignition).
Example 1 influence of the mass ratio of gangue powder and fly ash on the properties of the high-strength sintered ceramsite prepared
And (3) crushing the waste glass fiber reinforced plastics into powder, and sieving the powder with a 100-mesh sieve to obtain waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder. And respectively weighing gangue powder and fly ash according to the mass ratio of 7.5:100, 10:100, 12.5:100, 15:100, 30:100, 45:100, 50:100, 55:100 and 60:100, mixing, and stirring uniformly to obtain the gangue ash material. And weighing waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, gangue ash material and waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 10:25:100, and uniformly stirring to obtain modified ash powder. Respectively weighing the sludge and the modified ash powder according to a ratio of 10:100, uniformly stirring, and granulating by a roller to obtain the ceramsite raw material. Aging the ceramsite raw material for 3 days in a room temperature environment, then introducing the aged ceramsite raw material into a ceramsite kiln for calcination, and cooling the ceramsite material to obtain the high-strength sintered ceramsite, wherein the calcination temperature is 1050 ℃, the kiln material residence time is 15 minutes, and the sludge is municipal sludge.
Barrel pressure strength and bulk density: the barrel pressure strength and bulk density of the sintered ceramic grains were measured according to the light aggregate and test method of light aggregate part 1 (GB-T17431.1-2010).
The test results of the inventive examples are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1 influence of the mass ratio of gangue powder to fly ash on the performance of the high-strength sintered ceramsite prepared
| Mass ratio of gangue powder to fly ash | Bulk Density (kg/m) 3 ） | Barrel pressure intensity (MPa) |
| 7.5:100 | 542.57 | 3.69 |
| 10:100 | 568.93 | 3.75 |
| 12.5:100 | 602.19 | 3.92 |
| 15:100 | 654.38 | 4.23 |
| 30:100 | 665.82 | 4.67 |
| 45:100 | 674.15 | 5.04 |
| 50:100 | 646.75 | 4.38 |
| 55:100 | 621.08 | 4.17 |
| 60:100 | 594.02 | 3.98 |
As can be seen from table 1, when the mass ratio of the gangue powder to the fly ash is less than 15:100 (as in table 1, the mass ratio of the gangue powder to the fly ash=12.5:100, 10:100, 7.5:100 and lower ratio not listed in table 1), the gangue powder is added less, the prepared gangue ash material is unbalanced in material, and the prepared gangue ash material is insufficiently reacted with waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, waste incineration fly ash, sludge and the like in a high-temperature environment, so that the stacking density and the barrel pressure strength of the prepared sintered ceramsite are obviously reduced, and the prepared sintered ceramsite is lower than the category of high-strength ceramsite (strength reference numeral 25). When the mass ratio of the gangue powder to the fly ash is equal to 15-45:100 (as in table 1, when the mass ratio of the gangue powder to the fly ash=15:100, 30:100, 45:100), the gangue powder material has proper components, and fully reacts with waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, waste incineration fly ash, sludge and the like in a high-temperature environment. Finally, the strength grade of the prepared sintered ceramsite reaches the range of strength index 25. When the mass ratio of the gangue powder to the fly ash is greater than 45:100 (as in table 1, the mass ratio of the gangue powder to the fly ash=50:100, 55:100, 60:100 and higher ratio not listed in table 1), the gangue powder is excessively added, the material of the prepared gangue ash material is unbalanced, and the prepared gangue ash material is insufficiently reacted with waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, waste incineration fly ash, sludge and the like in a high-temperature environment, so that the stacking density and the barrel pressure strength of the prepared sintered ceramsite are obviously reduced. Therefore, in general, the combination of benefits and costs is most beneficial to improving the performance of the sintered ceramsite when the mass ratio of the gangue powder to the fly ash is equal to 15-45:100.
Example 2 influence of waste glass fiber reinforced Plastic powder, gangue materials, and refuse incineration fly ash Mass ratio on the Performance of high-strength sintered ceramsite prepared
And (3) crushing the waste glass fiber reinforced plastics into powder, and sieving the powder with a 250-mesh sieve to obtain waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder. And respectively weighing the gangue powder and the fly ash according to the mass ratio of 45:100, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the gangue material. Waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, waste ash material and waste incineration fly ash are weighed according to the mass ratio of 5:25:100, 6:25:100, 8:25:100, 10:10:100, 10:15:100, 10:20:100, 10:25:100, 30:25:100, 50:25:100, 10:50:100, 30:50:100, 10:75:100, 30:75:100, 50:75:100, 50:80:100, 50:85:100, 50:90:100, 55:75:100, 60:75:100 and 65:75:100, and the modified ash powder is obtained after uniform stirring. And respectively weighing the sludge and the modified ash powder according to a ratio of 20:100, uniformly stirring, and granulating by a roller to obtain the ceramsite raw material. Aging the ceramic raw material for 7.5 days at room temperature, then introducing the aged ceramic raw material into a ceramic kiln for calcination, and cooling the ceramic raw material to obtain high-strength ceramic, wherein the calcination temperature is 1150 ℃, the kiln material residence time is 30 minutes, and the sludge is municipal sludge.
The barrel pressure strength and bulk density were the same as in example 1, and the test results of the inventive examples are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 influence of mass ratio of waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, gangue materials and waste incineration fly ash on performance of high-strength sintered ceramsite prepared
| Mass ratio of gangue powder to fly ash | Bulk Density (kg/m) 3 ） | Barrel pressure intensity (MPa) |
| 5:25:100 | 542.89 | 3.47 |
| 6:25:100 | 576.35 | 3.65 |
| 8:25:100 | 623.94 | 4.04 |
| 10:10:100 | 553.61 | 3.58 |
| 10:15:100 | 589.45 | 3.86 |
| 10:20:100 | 634.72 | 4.22 |
| 10:25:100 | 716.34 | 5.13 |
| 30:25:100 | 721.12 | 5.28 |
| 50:25:100 | 725.63 | 5.39 |
| 10:50:100 | 722.95 | 5.26 |
| 30:50:100 | 728.61 | 5.45 |
| 50:50:100 | 734.56 | 5.51 |
| 10:75:100 | 731.85 | 5.47 |
| 30:75:100 | 736.42 | 5.64 |
| 50:75:100 | 739.38 | 5.75 |
| 50:80:100 | 683.58 | 4.63 |
| 50:85:100 | 665.14 | 4.43 |
| 50:90:100 | 594.37 | 3.85 |
| 55:75:100 | 675.69 | 4.59 |
| 60:75:100 | 634.83 | 4.26 |
| 65:75:100 | 582.75 | 3.78 |
As can be seen from table 2, when the mass ratio of the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, the gangue ash material, and the waste incineration fly ash is less than 10:25:100 (as in table 2, the mass ratio of the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, the gangue ash material, and the waste incineration fly ash=8:25:100, 6:25:100, 5:25:100, 10:20:100, 10:15:100, 10:10:100, and lower ratios not listed in table 2), the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder and the gangue ash material are less added, and the reaction between materials is insufficient in a high temperature environment, resulting in a significant decrease in both the bulk density and the barrel pressure strength of the prepared sintered ceramsite. When the mass ratio of the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, the gangue ash material and the waste incineration fly ash is equal to 10-50:25-75:100 (as in table 2, the mass ratio of the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, the gangue ash material and the waste incineration fly ash=10:25:100, 30:25:100, 50:25:100, 10:50:100, 30:50:100, 50:50:100, 10:75:100, 30:75:100) at the initial stage of calcining the ceramsite raw material, the solid resin in the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder is melted, and a resin melt is generated. The resin melt can wrap mineral particles in gangue ash materials, waste incineration fly ash and sludge, thereby being beneficial to rapid temperature rise and melting reaction between materials. Along with the temperature rise, inorganic chloride in the waste incineration fly ash permeates into the resin melt and other materials. Under the catalysis of inorganic salt, the resin melt is cracked to generate steam, carbon dioxide and other hydrocarbon combustible gases, which can further raise the temperature of the ceramic aggregate, and the generated steam can activate the material activity to strengthen the melting process of silicon, aluminum and calcium-based materials. Along with the continuous rising of the temperature, inorganic chloride and other soluble salts are melted, and molten salt permeates into various materials, so that the glass fiber in waste glass fiber reinforced plastic can be activated, the glass fiber is accelerated to be converted into unshaped, and the reaction of the unshaped glass fiber with waste ash materials and silicon-aluminum-based minerals and calcium hydroxide in waste incineration fly ash can be promoted to generate a compact molten structure. Finally, the strength grade of the prepared sintered ceramsite reaches the range of strength index 25. When the mass ratio of the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, the waste ash material and the waste incineration fly ash is greater than 10:25:100 (as in table 2, the mass ratio of the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, the waste ash material and the waste incineration fly ash=50:80:100, 50:85:100, 50:90:100, 55:75:100, 60:75:100, 65:75:100 and higher ratios not listed in table 2), the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder and the waste ash material are excessively added, and insufficient reaction with the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, the waste incineration fly ash, sludge and the like occurs in a high-temperature environment, so that the stacking density and the barrel pressure strength of the prepared sintered ceramsite are obviously reduced. Therefore, in general, the benefits and the cost are combined, and when the mass ratio of the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder to the gangue ash material to the waste incineration fly ash is equal to 10-50:25-75:100, the sintered ceramsite performance is most beneficial to improvement.
Example 3 influence of the mass ratio of sludge to modified Gray powder on the Properties of the high-strength sintered ceramsite prepared
Crushing the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic into powder, and sieving the powder with a 400-mesh sieve to obtain waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder. And respectively weighing the gangue powder and the fly ash according to the mass ratio of 45:100, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the gangue material. And weighing the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, the gangue ash material and the waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 50:75:100, and uniformly stirring to obtain modified ash powder. Respectively weighing sludge and modified ash powder according to the proportions of 5:100, 6:100, 8:100, 10:100, 20:100, 30:100, 35:100, 40:100 and 45:100, uniformly stirring, and granulating by a roller to obtain the ceramsite raw material. Aging the ceramsite raw material for 12 days at room temperature, then introducing the aged ceramsite raw material into a ceramsite kiln for calcination, and cooling the ceramsite material to obtain the high-strength ceramsite, wherein the calcination temperature is 1250 ℃, the kiln material residence time is 45 minutes, and the sludge is municipal sludge.
The barrel pressure strength and bulk density were the same as in example 1, and the test results of the inventive examples are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 influence of sludge to modified ash mass ratio on the properties of the prepared high-strength sintered ceramsite
| Sludge and modified ash mass ratio | Bulk Density (kg/m) 3 ） | Barrel pressure intensity (MPa) |
| 5:100 | 687.32 | 4.65 |
| 6:100 | 704.65 | 5.04 |
| 8:100 | 721.03 | 5.32 |
| 10:100 | 753.25 | 5.79 |
| 20:100 | 767.49 | 5.87 |
| 30:100 | 772.28 | 5.93 |
| 35:100 | 745.87 | 5.56 |
| 40:100 | 732.15 | 5.43 |
| 45:100 | 715.56 | 5.12 |
As can be seen from table 3, when the mass ratio of sludge to modified ash is less than 10:100 (as in table 3, the mass ratio of sludge to modified ash=8:100, 6:100, 5:100, and lower ratios not listed in table 3), the sludge addition is less, the reaction between materials is insufficient, resulting in a significant decrease in both the bulk density and the barrel pressure strength of the sintered ceramic particles produced. When the mass ratio of the sludge to the modified ash is equal to 10-30:100 (as in table 3, the mass ratio of the sludge to the modified ash=10:100, 20:100, 30:100), the amorphous glass fiber reacts with the waste ash material and the silica-alumina-based mineral and calcium hydroxide in the waste incineration fly ash to generate a compact melt structure. Finally, the strength grade of the prepared sintered ceramsite reaches the range of strength index 25. When the mass ratio of the sludge to the modified ash is equal to 10-30:100 (as in table 3, the mass ratio of the sludge to the modified ash=35:100, 40:100, 45:100 and higher ratios not listed in table 3), the sludge is excessively added, the reaction between materials is insufficient, and the stacking density and the barrel pressure strength of the prepared sintered ceramsite are obviously reduced. Therefore, in general, the combination of benefits and costs is most beneficial to improving the performance of the sintered ceramsite when the mass ratio of the sludge to the modified ash is equal to 10-30:100.
Example 4 influence of sludge type on the Properties of the high-strength sintered ceramsite prepared
Crushing the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic into powder, and sieving the powder with a 400-mesh sieve to obtain waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder. And respectively weighing the gangue powder and the fly ash according to the mass ratio of 45:100, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the gangue material. And weighing the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, the gangue ash material and the waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 50:75:100, and uniformly stirring to obtain modified ash powder. Respectively weighing the sludge and the modified ash powder according to a ratio of 30:100, uniformly stirring, and granulating by a roller to obtain the ceramsite raw material. Ageing the ceramsite raw material for 12 days at room temperature, then introducing the aged ceramsite raw material into a ceramsite kiln for calcination, and cooling the ceramsite raw material to obtain the high-strength ceramsite, wherein the calcination temperature is 1250 ℃, the kiln body material residence time is 45 minutes, and the sludge is any one of municipal sludge, river sediment, printing and dyeing sludge and oil sludge.
The barrel pressure strength and bulk density were the same as in example 1, and the test results of the inventive examples are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 influence of sludge type on the properties of the prepared high-strength sintered ceramsite
| Type of sludge | Bulk Density (kg/m) 3 ） | Barrel pressure intensity (MPa) |
| Municipal sludge | 753.25 | 5.79 |
| River bottom mud | 750.19 | 5.76 |
| Printing and dyeing sludge | 757.32 | 5.82 |
| Oil sludge | 755.43 | 5.81 |
As can be seen from Table 4, when the sludge is any one of municipal sludge, river sediment, printing and dyeing sludge and oil sludge, the prepared sintered ceramsite has close performance.
Comparative examples influence of different comparative technologies on the performance of the prepared high-strength sintered ceramsite
The process comprises the following steps: crushing the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic into powder, and sieving the powder with a 400-mesh sieve to obtain waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder. And respectively weighing the gangue powder and the fly ash according to the mass ratio of 45:100, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the gangue material. And weighing the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, the gangue ash material and the waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 50:75:100, and uniformly stirring to obtain modified ash powder. Respectively weighing the sludge and the modified ash powder according to a ratio of 30:100, uniformly stirring, and granulating by a roller to obtain the ceramsite raw material. Aging the ceramsite raw material for 12 days at room temperature, then introducing the aged ceramsite raw material into a ceramsite kiln for calcination, and cooling the ceramsite material to obtain the high-strength ceramsite, wherein the calcination temperature is 1250 ℃, the kiln material residence time is 45 minutes, and the sludge is municipal sludge.
Comparison Process 1: crushing the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic into powder, and sieving the powder with a 400-mesh sieve to obtain waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder. And weighing the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder and the waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 50:100, and uniformly stirring to obtain the glass fly ash powder. Respectively weighing the sludge and the glass fly ash powder according to a ratio of 30:100, uniformly stirring, and granulating by a roller to obtain the ceramsite raw material. Aging the ceramsite raw material for 12 days at room temperature, then introducing the aged ceramsite raw material into a ceramsite kiln for calcination, and cooling the ceramsite material to obtain the high-strength ceramsite, wherein the calcination temperature is 1250 ℃, the kiln material residence time is 45 minutes, and the sludge is municipal sludge.
Comparison process 2: crushing the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic into powder, and sieving the powder with a 400-mesh sieve to obtain waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder. And respectively weighing the gangue powder and the fly ash according to the mass ratio of 45:100, mixing and stirring uniformly to obtain the gangue material. Weighing waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, gangue ash material and waste incineration fly ash according to the mass ratio of 50:75:100, uniformly stirring, and granulating by a roller to obtain ceramsite raw material. Aging the ceramsite raw material for 12 days at room temperature, then introducing the aged ceramsite raw material into a ceramsite kiln for calcination, and cooling the ceramsite material to obtain the high-strength ceramsite, wherein the calcination temperature is 1250 ℃, and the kiln material residence time is 45 minutes.
The barrel pressure strength and bulk density were the same as in example 1, and the test results of the inventive examples are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 influence of different comparative processes on the properties of the prepared high-strength sintered ceramsite
| Type of process | Bulk Density (kg/m) 3 ） | Barrel pressure intensity (MPa) |
| The process of the invention | 753.25 | 5.79 |
| Comparative Process 1 | 328.94 | 1.53 |
| Comparative Process 2 | 406.27 | 2.36 |
As can be seen from Table 5, the sintered ceramsite prepared by the process of the present invention has a bulk density and a cylinder pressure which are significantly higher than those of comparative process 1 and comparative process 2. Compared with the process of the invention, the process 1 lacks gangue materials, so that the glass fly ash powder and the sludge do not react sufficiently in the process of calcining the ceramsite, and the bulk density and the cylinder pressure strength of the prepared ceramsite are obviously reduced. Compared with the process of the invention, the process 2 lacks sludge, so that modified ash powder lacks silicon-based melt in the ceramsite calcining process, and the reaction is insufficient, thereby obviously reducing the bulk density and the cylinder pressure strength of the prepared ceramsite.
Claims (10)
1. The method for preparing the ceramsite by cooperatively utilizing the waste incineration fly ash and the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) Crushing waste glass fiber reinforced plastics into powder to obtain waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder;
(2) Mixing the gangue powder and the fly ash, and uniformly stirring to obtain a gangue ash material;
(3) Uniformly stirring waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, gangue ash material and waste incineration fly ash to obtain modified ash powder;
(4) Mixing the sludge and the modified ash powder, uniformly stirring, and granulating by a roller to obtain a ceramsite raw material;
(5) Aging the ceramsite raw material in a room temperature environment, introducing the aged ceramsite raw material into a ceramsite kiln for calcination, and cooling to obtain the high-strength sintered ceramsite.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder in the step (1) is 100-400 meshes.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the gangue powder to the fly ash in the step (2) is 15-45:100.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the waste glass fiber reinforced plastic powder, the gangue ash material and the waste incineration fly ash in the step (3) is 10-50:25-75:100.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the sludge in step (4) is any one of municipal sludge, river sediment, printing and dyeing sludge, and oil sludge.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the sludge to the modified ash in the step (4) is 10-30:100.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the aging time in step (5) is 3 to 12 days.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the calcination temperature in step (5) is 1050-1250 ℃.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the calcination time in step (5) is 15 to 45 minutes.
10. A high strength sintered ceramsite prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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