CN116441575A - High-integration spindle system for machine tool - Google Patents
High-integration spindle system for machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN116441575A CN116441575A CN202310610175.3A CN202310610175A CN116441575A CN 116441575 A CN116441575 A CN 116441575A CN 202310610175 A CN202310610175 A CN 202310610175A CN 116441575 A CN116441575 A CN 116441575A
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- sleeve
- spindle
- main shaft
- push pin
- piston
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/70—Stationary or movable members for carrying working-spindles for attachment of tools or work
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-integration spindle system for a machine tool, which comprises a spindle provided with a hollow cavity, a pull rod in the hollow cavity and an elastic reset piece sleeved on the pull rod, wherein the spindle is provided with a first end and a second end; the main shaft is rotationally arranged in the main shaft sleeve; the cylinder body of the automatic loosening and broaching mechanism is arranged outside the main shaft in a sliding way and is connected to the rear end of the main shaft sleeve, the other end of the automatic loosening and broaching mechanism is fixedly provided with a cylinder cover, the piston is arranged in the cylinder body in a sliding way, the main shaft is provided with a waist hole extending along the axial direction, the push pin is arranged between the elastic resetting piece and the piston, the bottom end of the push pin is fixed with the pull rod, and the top end of the push pin penetrates through the waist hole and extends outwards. The automatic cutter loosening and pulling mechanism and the elastic reset piece are arranged between the spindles, so that the length of a spindle system can be obviously shortened to adapt to a scene with limited installation space, the front driving structure of the pull rod can also reduce the length-diameter ratio of the pull rod to improve the strength, the mounting space of the spindle bearing with smaller span can also shorten the distance of the supporting surface of the spindle to reduce the processing difficulty, and the automatic cutter loosening and pulling mechanism has the characteristics of compact structure, high precision, strong adaptability, good strength and convenience in assembly and disassembly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of numerical control equipment, in particular to a high-integration spindle system for a machine tool, which has the advantages of compact structure, high precision, strong adaptability, good strength and convenience in assembly and disassembly.
Background
The spindle of a machine tool is a shaft for driving a workpiece or a tool to rotate on the machine tool, and is usually composed of a spindle, a bearing, a transmission member (a gear, a belt pulley or a coupling), and the like, so that the movement precision and the structural rigidity of the spindle component are important factors for determining the machining quality and the cutting efficiency.
In order to ensure the machining efficiency of the machine tool, a cutter loosening and pulling mechanism is generally arranged in a machine tool spindle to realize a mechanism for loosening, replacing and clamping a cutter and the machine tool spindle, so that the cutter changing time of the numerical control machine tool is shortened; the loose broach mechanism of different machine tools is different in structure and different in specifications of a tool handle and a blind rivet which are suitable for the loose broach mechanism, but the loose broach mechanism generally comprises an elastic reset piece, a pull rod, a pull claw and the like, the pull rod is pushed to loose the broach through forward movement of a piston at the rear end of a main shaft, and the broach is realized through the elastic reset piece. At present, a split structure technical scheme that a driving cylinder is arranged at the rear end of a main shaft is generally adopted to drive a pull rod to move forwards and backwards to realize loose broach, and the scheme not only increases the whole length of a main shaft system, but also causes that the main shaft system is difficult to meet the requirement of a machine tool with limited installation space; and the main shaft needs to be processed longer deep hole along the axial to hold the pull rod, and the guide piece needs to be arranged between the deep hole of the main shaft and the outer diameter of the pull rod to maintain the whole enough rigidity, so that the deep hole of the main shaft also needs higher processing precision, the deep hole of the main shaft is difficult to process and high in cost, and the length of the matched pull rod is longer, so that the problem that the service life is influenced due to the fact that the length-diameter ratio is increased, the processing is easy to deform and the strength is reduced is solved.
In the prior art, in order to solve the problem that the deep hole of the main shaft is difficult to process, the elastic reset piece is sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the main shaft, one end of the elastic reset piece is connected with the outer peripheral side of the main shaft, and the other end of the elastic reset piece is connected with the outer peripheral side of the pull rod through the connecting piece, so that the elastic reset piece stretches and contracts along the axial direction, and the cutter feeding or the cutter pulling is realized through the axial movement of the pull rod. Although the high-precision large-diameter deep hole for installing the elastic resetting piece is not required to be processed on the inner peripheral side of the main shaft, the processing difficulty of the main shaft structure is reduced, the cost is saved, and the diameter of the pull rod can be increased to reduce the length-diameter ratio. However, as the driving cylinder for pushing the pull rod to move is still arranged at the rear end of the main shaft, the whole length of the main shaft system is still composed of the main shaft, the driving cylinder at the rear end and the like, so that the whole length of the main shaft system is difficult to effectively reduce, and the split type structure also causes a plurality of parts and single functions, for example, the connecting piece penetrating through the main shaft only plays a role of transmitting the elastic force of the elastic resetting piece to the pull rod, thereby increasing the complexity of the structure and reducing the reliability of the whole body; and the elastic resetting piece sleeved on the main shaft also occupies more length space, so that the supporting span of the front and rear main shaft bearings of the main shaft is overlarge, the processing difficulty of the front and rear supporting surfaces of the main shaft is increased, and the length of the main shaft is difficult to effectively shorten in order to accommodate the elastic resetting piece and the front and rear main shaft bearings, so that the whole main shaft system is also difficult to effectively shorten.
In addition, the cylinder body of the driving cylinder is rigidly connected with the main shaft sleeve in the prior art, and the driving force acts on the piston and also acts on the cylinder body in a reaction manner when the broach is pulled, so that the force acting on the cylinder body in reaction manner can be transmitted to the main shaft sleeve under the action of the elastic reset piece on the main shaft, the main shaft bearing bears larger axial load, and the service life of the main shaft bearing is reduced. In addition, the spindle system in the prior art needs to adapt spindle sleeves with different outer diameters and lengths according to the machine tool space, so that the specification of the spindle system is complicated, and the cost of the spindle system is obviously increased. Secondly, most of the existing spindle systems adopt conical cutter clamping sleeves integrated with the spindle, and the spindle systems can only clamp cutters with fixed specifications although the spindle systems are simpler in structure and low in cost, so that the cutter adaptability of the spindle systems is reduced, and the use cost of enterprise cutters is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides the high-integration spindle system for the machine tool, which has the advantages of compact structure, high precision, strong adaptability, good strength and convenience in assembly and disassembly.
The invention is realized in the following way: the device comprises a main shaft provided with a hollow cavity extending along the axial direction, a pull rod arranged in the hollow cavity in a sliding manner, and an elastic resetting piece sleeved on the pull rod; the automatic cutter loosening and pulling device is characterized by further comprising a main shaft sleeve and an automatic cutter loosening and pulling mechanism, wherein the main shaft is rotatably arranged in the main shaft sleeve through a bearing;
the automatic loose broach mechanism comprises a cylinder body, a piston, a cylinder cover and a push pin, wherein the cylinder body is coaxially arranged outside a main shaft in a sliding manner and is connected to the rear end of a main shaft sleeve, which is far away from the installation side of a cutter, the cylinder cover is fixedly arranged at the other end of the cylinder body, the piston is slidably arranged in the cylinder body, at least two waist holes extending along the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the main shaft, the push pin is arranged between an elastic reset piece and the piston, and the bottom end of the push pin is fixedly connected with a pull rod, and the top end of the push pin slides through the waist holes and extends outwards.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the invention, the automatic loosening and broaching mechanism is arranged between the main shafts, and a high-reliability structure of the traditional main shaft with the built-in elastic reset piece is adopted, and the elastic reset piece does not occupy the arrangement space of the main shaft bearing, and the automatic loosening and broaching mechanism integrated with the main shaft can realize component sharing, so that the length of a main shaft system can be obviously shortened, the whole structure is simplified, the automatic loosening and broaching mechanism can be suitable for a scene with limited installation space, the length-diameter ratio of the front-mounted driving structure of the pull rod can be reduced to improve the strength, the bearing surface distance of the main shaft is shortened due to the installation space of the main shaft bearing with smaller span, and the processing difficulty of the main shaft is reduced. In particular, the automatic loose broach mechanism is provided with the push pin through the detachable push pin mounting seat coaxially fixed on the pull rod, the axial position of the push pin can be adjusted according to requirements while the strength of the pull rod is not reduced, so that the machining precision requirements of all parts of the pull rod and the automatic loose broach mechanism are reduced, and the overall production cost can be effectively reduced.
2. According to the invention, the connecting sleeve is arranged between the cylinder body and the main shaft sleeve of the integrated structure of the main shaft and the automatic broach loosening mechanism, and the connecting sleeve forms the unloading mechanism in floating connection with the main shaft sleeve through the screw-spring mechanism, so that partial reaction force of the broach can be counteracted through the unloading mechanism in floating connection, and the problem that the service life is shortened due to the fact that the axial load of the main shaft bearing is large when the broach is pulled due to rigid connection between the traditional cylinder body and the main shaft sleeve is avoided, and the main shaft bearing is easy to fatigue damage. Particularly, the unloading mechanism is also connected with a retainer ring in threaded engagement between a connecting sleeve on the outer circular surface of the main shaft and a piston, and the connecting sleeve can move and be attached to the retainer ring by adjusting the gap between the retainer ring and the connecting sleeve by the reaction force, so that the residual reaction force is completely borne by the retainer ring and the main shaft, thereby forming a closed loop between the cylinder body, the connecting sleeve, the retainer ring and the main shaft by the reaction force, enabling all the reaction force to be borne by the unloading mechanism, and further prolonging the service life of the main shaft bearing.
3. The front end of the main shaft far away from the cylinder body is coaxially and detachably connected with the taper sleeve which can be matched with the taper shank of the cutter, so that the main shaft system can use cutters with different taper shanks by simply replacing taper sleeves with different specifications according to requirements, the adaptability of the main shaft system to different cutters is improved, and the cutter cost of enterprises is reduced.
According to the invention, the sleeve is detachably and coaxially sleeved on the main shaft sleeve, so that the main shaft system can adapt to the installation space requirements of different machine tools by adapting to different sleeves, the universality of the main shaft system is effectively improved, and the main shaft system can be conveniently and quickly installed and detached with the whole machine tool at one time through the sleeve, thereby being beneficial to improving the precision of the main shaft system and obviously reducing the cost of the main shaft system. Particularly, a spiral cooling channel is arranged on the outer circular surface of the front end bearing of the main shaft sleeve, and the sleeve is provided with two cooling connecting nozzles which are respectively communicated with two ends of the spiral cooling channel; therefore, cooling liquid can be introduced to cool the bearing at the front end of the main shaft, and the influence on the precision of the main shaft caused by overhigh temperature rise of the main shaft can be avoided.
In conclusion, the invention has the characteristics of compact structure, high precision, strong adaptability, good strength and convenient assembly and disassembly.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of the front end of the spindle system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the middle of the spindle system of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the direction A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a spindle according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a push pin mounting base of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view of a push pin according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a push pin jack of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a main shaft, a 101-hollow cavity, 102-waist holes, a 2-pull rod, a 3-elastic reset piece, a 4-main shaft sleeve, 401-spiral cooling channels, 5-bearings, a 6-cylinder, 7-pistons, 701-rear ends, 702-front ends, 703-piston ring platforms, 8-cylinder covers, 9-push pins, 901-flat mouths, 10-push pin installation seats, 11-push pin ejector plates, 111-square grooves, 12-connecting nozzles, 13-connecting sleeves, 131-countersunk holes, 14-screw-spring mechanisms, 141-connecting screws I, 142-springs, 15-retainer rings, 16-taper sleeves, 161-connecting rings, 162-guide holes, 163-annular grooves II, 17-positioning supporting sleeves, 171-inner ring platforms, 18-expansion sleeves, 181-convex rings, 182-outer conical surfaces, 19-sleeves, 191-cooling connecting nozzles, 20-tooth encoders, 21-supporting sleeves, 211-connecting flanges and 22-pull nails.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 8, the invention comprises a main shaft 1 provided with a hollow cavity 101 extending along the axial direction, a pull rod 2 arranged in the hollow cavity 101 in a sliding manner, and an elastic reset piece 3 sleeved on the pull rod 2; the automatic cutter loosening and pulling device is characterized by further comprising a main shaft sleeve 4 and an automatic cutter loosening and pulling mechanism, wherein the main shaft 1 is rotatably arranged in the main shaft sleeve 4 through a bearing 5;
the automatic loose broach mechanism comprises a cylinder body 6, a piston 7, a cylinder cover 8 and a push pin 9, wherein the cylinder body 6 is coaxially arranged outside the main shaft 1 in a sliding manner and is connected to the rear end of the main shaft sleeve 4, which is far away from the installation side of the cutter, the cylinder cover 8 is fixedly arranged at the other end of the cylinder body 6, the piston 7 is arranged in the cylinder body 6 in a sliding manner, at least two waist holes 102 extending along the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the main shaft 1, the push pin 9 is arranged between the elastic reset piece 3 and the piston 7, and the bottom end of the push pin 9 is fixedly connected with the pull rod 2, and the top end of the push pin slides through the waist holes 102 and extends outwards.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4 to 8, the invention further comprises a detachable push pin mounting seat 10 coaxially fixed on the pull rod 2, a push pin jacking disc 11 which is arranged outside the main shaft 1 in a sliding way and is positioned between the push pin 9 and the piston 7, wherein the push pin 9 is detachably and fixedly arranged on the push pin mounting seat 10, and a flat port 901 is further arranged at the upper part of the push pin 9; the push pin jacking disc 11 is of an annular structure, square grooves 111 which can be attached to the flat openings 901 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the end face, close to one side of the push pin 9, of the push pin jacking disc, and the flat openings 901 of the push pin 9 extend into the square grooves 111 in parallel.
As shown in fig. 3, 4 and 6, the pull rod 2 is provided with a threaded stepped shaft, and the push pin mounting seat 10 is coaxially and threadedly engaged and fixed on the threaded stepped shaft of the pull rod 2.
As shown in fig. 6, threaded holes or pin holes which are the same as and matched with the push pins 9 in number are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the outer edge surface of the push pin mounting seat 10, and the bottom ends of the push pins 9 are fixedly connected with the threaded holes or pin holes on the push pin mounting seat 10.
The outer edge surface of the push pin mounting seat 10 is polygonal, and the threaded holes or pin holes are vertically formed on the polygonal surface of the push pin mounting seat 10.
As shown in fig. 3, the piston 7 has a Z-shaped structure and is slidably disposed outside the main shaft 1 away from the rear end 701 of the elastic restoring member 3, and the cylinder head 8 is slidably and sealingly sleeved outside the rear end 701; the cylinder body 6 is internally provided with an annular groove I601 protruding outwards, the front end 702 of the piston 7 is sleeved in the cylinder body 6 in front of the annular groove I601 in a sliding sealing mode, the middle outer circular surface of the piston 7 is further provided with a piston ring table 703 protruding outwards, the piston ring table 703 is sleeved in the annular groove I601 in a coaxial sliding sealing mode, and the cylinder body 6 at the front side of the piston ring table 703 and/or the cylinder cover 8 at the rear side of the piston ring table 703 are/is provided with a connecting nozzle 12 communicated with a driving fluid high-pressure supply system.
The cylinder body 6 and the main shaft sleeve 4 are also provided with a connecting sleeve 13, the front end of the connecting sleeve 13, which is close to the main shaft sleeve 4, is in floating connection with the main shaft sleeve 4 through a screw-spring mechanism 14, and the rear end of the connecting sleeve 13 is fixedly connected with the cylinder body 6; the screw-spring mechanism 14 comprises a connecting screw I141 and a spring 142, a plurality of countersunk holes 131 with openings far away from the main shaft sleeve 4 are formed in the connecting sleeve 13 in a penetrating mode, a plurality of screw holes I are correspondingly formed in the rear end of the main shaft sleeve 4, the connecting screw I141 penetrates through the countersunk holes 131 and is meshed with the screw holes I in the rear end of the main shaft sleeve 4, and the spring 142 is sleeved on the connecting screw I141 in the countersunk holes 131.
A retainer ring 15 is connected on the outer circular surface of the main shaft 1 in threaded engagement between the connecting sleeve 13 and the piston 7, and a gap between the retainer ring 15 and the connecting sleeve 13 is smaller than the compressible length of a spring 142 on the connecting screw I141.
The outer circular surface of the main shaft 1 is detachably connected with a tooth-shaped encoder 20 between a retainer ring 15 and a piston 7, and a wire outlet hole which can penetrate through a connecting wire of the tooth-shaped encoder 20 is formed in the cylinder body 6.
As shown in fig. 2, the front end of the spindle 1 far away from the cylinder body 6 is coaxially connected with a taper sleeve 16 which can be matched with a cutter taper shank, the front end of the taper sleeve 16 is provided with a convex connecting ring 161, the taper sleeve 16 is tightly matched and inserted into a connecting hole at the front end of the spindle 1, the connecting ring 161 is connected with the front end surface of the spindle 1 through a screw, the bottom end of the taper hole of the taper sleeve 16 is further provided with a guide hole 162 in sequence, the guide hole 162 is further internally provided with a positioning support sleeve 17 which extends backwards, the rear part of the positioning support sleeve 17 is coaxially and tightly matched in the hollow cavity 101, an expansion sleeve 18 which can clamp the cutter taper shank is slidably arranged in the positioning support sleeve 17, and the expansion sleeve 18 is connected with the pull rod 2.
An annular groove II 163 is further formed between the taper hole of the taper sleeve 16 and the guide hole 162, the front end of the guide sleeve 17 extends to the annular groove II 163, convex rings 181 which can be in sliding fit with the inner holes of the guide sleeve 17 are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the outer circle surface of the expansion sleeve 18, an outer conical surface 182 which is gradually increased from the front end to the rear end of the outer circle surface of the expansion sleeve 18 is arranged between the two convex rings 181 of the expansion sleeve 18, and an inner annular table 171 is fixedly arranged in the inner hole of the guide sleeve 17 between the two convex rings 181 of the expansion sleeve 18.
The rear end hollow cavity 101 of the main shaft 1 far away from the taper sleeve 16 is internally and coaxially provided with a support sleeve 21, the outer circular surface of the rear end of the pull rod 2 far away from the taper sleeve 16 is coaxially and tightly matched with an inner hole of the support sleeve 21, the rear end of the support sleeve 21 is provided with a connecting flange 211, and the connecting flange 211 is fixedly connected with the rear end surface of the main shaft 1 through screws.
The detachable coaxial fixed sleeve on the main shaft sleeve 4 is provided with a sleeve 19, the outer circular surface of the front end bearing 5 of the main shaft sleeve 4 is provided with a spiral cooling channel 401, and the sleeve 19 is provided with two cooling connecting nozzles 191 which are respectively communicated with two ends of the spiral cooling channel 401.
The cylinder body 6 is a hydraulic cylinder or an air cylinder.
The elastic reset piece 3 is a disc spring or an elastic rubber column.
The working principle and the working process of the invention are as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 8, when the cutter is loosened, the piston 7 moves axially towards the cutter mounting direction under the drive of high-pressure fluid of the cylinder body 6 (hydraulic cylinder or air cylinder), and at the moment, the push pin mounting seat 10 and the push pin 9 are pushed to move forward, so that the pull rod 2 and the expansion sleeve 18 connected to the front end of the pull rod 2 synchronously move forward, the elastic reset piece 3 sleeved on the pull rod 2 is compressed, and as the elastic reset piece 3 is compressed to a certain distance, the convex ring 181 at the front end of the expansion sleeve 18 enters the annular groove ii 163 of the taper sleeve 16, and the constraint force of the positioning support sleeve 17 on the expansion sleeve 18 is eliminated or obviously reduced by the convex ring 181 entering the annular groove ii 163, so that the expansion sleeve 18 is automatically opened to loosen the clamped cutter handle, and the cutter is loosened.
When the broach is pulled, the piston 7 moves along the installation direction away from the cutter under the drive of high-pressure fluid of the cylinder body 6 (hydraulic cylinder or air cylinder), or the high-pressure fluid which enables the piston 7 in the cylinder body 6 to move forwards is unloaded, at the moment, the compressed elastic reset piece 3 stretches after the external force disappears, the pull rod 2 and the expansion sleeve 18 connected to the front end of the pull rod 2 synchronously move backwards, the convex ring 181 at the front end of the expansion sleeve 18 moves out of the annular groove II 163 along with the movement to enter the positioning support sleeve 17, and as the inner diameter of the positioning support sleeve 17 is smaller than the outer diameter of the convex ring 181, the inner ring 171 on the positioning support sleeve 17 slides and presses the outer conical surface 182 of the expansion sleeve 18, so that the expansion sleeve 18 contracts to clamp the cutter handle of the cutter, the broach is realized, and the inner diameter of the positioning support sleeve 17 is matched with the convex ring 181, and the compression of the annular ring 171 on the outer conical surface 182, and under the combined action of the proper elasticity of the elastic reset piece 3, the stability and reliability of the handle clamping can be ensured.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A high-integration spindle system for a machine tool comprises a spindle (1) provided with a hollow cavity (101) extending along the axial direction, a pull rod (2) arranged in the hollow cavity (101) in a sliding manner, and an elastic reset piece (3) sleeved on the pull rod (2); the automatic cutter loosening and pulling device is characterized by further comprising a main shaft sleeve (4) and an automatic cutter loosening and pulling mechanism, wherein the main shaft (1) is rotatably arranged in the main shaft sleeve (4) through a bearing (5);
the automatic loose broach mechanism comprises a cylinder body (6), a piston (7), a cylinder cover (8) and a push pin (9), wherein the cylinder body (6) is coaxially arranged outside a main shaft (1) in a sliding manner and is connected to the rear end of the main shaft sleeve (4) away from the installation side of a cutter, the cylinder cover (8) is fixedly arranged at the other end of the cylinder body (6), the piston (7) is slidably arranged in the cylinder body (6), at least two waist holes (102) extending along the axial direction are uniformly distributed on the main shaft (1), the push pin (9) is arranged between an elastic reset piece (3) and the piston (7), and the bottom end of the push pin (9) is fixedly connected with a pull rod (2) and the top end of the push pin slides through the waist holes (102) and extends outwards.
2. The high-integration spindle system for machine tools according to claim 1, further comprising a detachable push pin mounting seat (10) coaxially fixed on the pull rod (2), a push pin ejector plate (11) slidably arranged outside the spindle (1) and positioned between the push pin (9) and the piston (7), wherein the push pin (9) is detachably fixed on the push pin mounting seat (10), and a flat port (901) is further arranged at the upper part of the push pin (9); the push pin ejector disc (11) is of an annular structure, square grooves (111) which can be attached to the flat openings (901) are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the end face, close to one side of the push pin (9), of the push pin ejector disc, and the flat openings (901) of the push pin (9) extend into the square grooves (111) in parallel.
3. The high-integration spindle system for machine tools according to claim 2, characterized in that the piston (7) is of a "Z" -shaped structure and is slidingly arranged outside the spindle (1) away from the rear end (701) of the elastic return element (3), the cylinder head (8) being slidingly and sealingly sleeved outside the rear end (701); the cylinder body (6) is internally provided with an annular groove I (601) protruding outwards, a front end (702) of the piston (7) is sleeved in the cylinder body (6) in front of the annular groove I (601) in a sliding sealing mode, an outwards protruding piston ring table (703) is further arranged on the outer circle surface of the middle of the piston (7), the piston ring table (703) is coaxially sleeved in the annular groove I (601) in a sliding sealing mode, and a connecting nozzle (12) communicated with a driving fluid high-pressure supply system is arranged on the cylinder body (6) at the front side of the piston ring table (703) and/or a cylinder cover (8) at the rear side of the piston ring table.
4. A highly integrated spindle system for a machine tool according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the cylinder (6) and the spindle sleeve (4) are further provided with a connecting sleeve (13), the front end of the connecting sleeve (13) close to the spindle sleeve (4) is in floating connection with the spindle sleeve (4) through a screw-spring mechanism (14), and the rear end of the connecting sleeve (13) is fixedly connected with the cylinder (6); screw-spring mechanism (14) are including connecting screw I (141), spring (142), run through on adapter sleeve (13) and be provided with countersunk head hole (131) that a plurality of openings kept away from main shaft sleeve (4), the rear end of main shaft sleeve (4) corresponds and is provided with a plurality of screw holes I, connecting screw I (141) pass countersunk head hole (131) and with screw hole I meshing of main shaft sleeve (4) rear end, spring (142) cover is established on connecting screw I (141) in countersunk head hole (131).
5. The high integration spindle system for machine tools according to claim 4, characterized in that a retainer ring (15) is connected on the outer circumferential surface of the spindle (1) in threaded engagement between the connection sleeve (13) and the piston (7), the clearance between the retainer ring (15) and the connection sleeve (13) being smaller than the compressible length of the spring (142) on the connection screw i (141).
6. The high-integration spindle system for machine tools according to claim 5, characterized in that a tooth-shaped encoder (20) is detachably connected between a retainer ring (15) and a piston (7) on the outer circumferential surface of the spindle (1), and a wire outlet hole which can pass through the connecting wire of the tooth-shaped encoder (20) is arranged on the cylinder body (6).
7. The high-integration spindle system for the machine tool according to claim 4, wherein the front end of the spindle (1) far away from the cylinder body (6) is coaxially connected with a taper sleeve (16) which can be matched with a tool taper shank, the front end of the taper sleeve (16) is provided with a convex connecting ring (161), the taper sleeve (16) is tightly matched and inserted into a connecting hole at the front end of the spindle (1) and the connecting ring (161) is connected with the front end surface of the spindle (1) through a screw, the bottom end of the taper hole of the taper sleeve (16) is further sequentially provided with a guide hole (162), the guide hole (162) is further internally provided with a positioning support sleeve (17) which extends backwards, the rear part of the positioning support sleeve (17) is coaxially and tightly matched with the hollow cavity (101), the positioning support sleeve (17) is internally provided with a sleeve (18) which can clamp the tool taper shank, and the sleeve (18) is connected with the tension rod (2).
8. The high-integration spindle system for the machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that an annular groove II (163) is further arranged between the taper hole of the taper sleeve (16) and the guide hole (162), the front end of the guide sleeve (17) extends to the annular groove II (163), convex rings (181) which can be in sliding fit with the inner holes of the guide sleeve (17) are respectively arranged at the front end and the rear end of the outer circle surface of the expansion sleeve (18), the outer circle surface of the expansion sleeve (18) between the two convex rings (181) is an outer conical surface (182) which gradually increases from the front end to the rear end, and an inner ring table (171) is fixedly arranged in the inner hole of the guide sleeve (17) between the two convex rings (181) of the expansion sleeve (18).
9. The high-integration spindle system for the machine tool according to claim 7, wherein a supporting sleeve (21) is coaxially arranged in a rear hollow cavity (101) of the spindle (1) far away from the taper sleeve (16), the outer circular surface of the rear end of the pull rod (2) far away from the taper sleeve (16) is coaxially tightly matched with an inner hole of the supporting sleeve (21), a connecting flange (211) is arranged at the rear end of the supporting sleeve (21), and the connecting flange (211) is fixedly connected with the rear end surface of the spindle (1) through a screw.
10. The high-integration spindle system for machine tools according to claim 4, characterized in that a sleeve (19) is detachably and coaxially fixed on the spindle sleeve (4), the spindle sleeve (4) is provided with a spiral cooling channel (401) on the outer circular surface of the front end bearing (5), and two cooling connecting nozzles (192) respectively communicated with two ends of the spiral cooling channel (401) are arranged on the sleeve (19).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310610175.3A CN116441575A (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | High-integration spindle system for machine tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310610175.3A CN116441575A (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | High-integration spindle system for machine tool |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN116441575A true CN116441575A (en) | 2023-07-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310610175.3A Pending CN116441575A (en) | 2023-05-29 | 2023-05-29 | High-integration spindle system for machine tool |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116728610A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-09-12 | 中国机械总院集团江苏分院有限公司 | Ultrasonic processing system and working method thereof |
| CN116810498A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-09-29 | 朗快智能科技（杭州）有限公司 | Waterwheel type multi-station machining equipment and air conditioner valve body machining method |
-
2023
- 2023-05-29 CN CN202310610175.3A patent/CN116441575A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116728610A (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-09-12 | 中国机械总院集团江苏分院有限公司 | Ultrasonic processing system and working method thereof |
| CN116728610B (en) * | 2023-08-09 | 2023-10-10 | 中国机械总院集团江苏分院有限公司 | Ultrasonic processing system and working method thereof |
| CN116810498A (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-09-29 | 朗快智能科技（杭州）有限公司 | Waterwheel type multi-station machining equipment and air conditioner valve body machining method |
| CN116810498B (en) * | 2023-08-31 | 2023-11-21 | 朗快智能科技（杭州）有限公司 | Waterwheel type multi-station machining equipment and air conditioner valve body machining method |
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