CN116439248A - 一种包含敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵的除草组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种包含敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵的除草组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
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- A01N43/72—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/74—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with nitrogen atoms and oxygen or sulfur atoms as ring hetero atoms five-membered rings with one nitrogen atom and either one oxygen atom or one sulfur atom in positions 1,3
- A01N43/76—1,3-Oxazoles; Hydrogenated 1,3-oxazoles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/18—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof
- A01N37/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing the group —CO—N<, e.g. carboxylic acid amides or imides; Thio analogues thereof the nitrogen atom being directly attached to an aromatic ring system, e.g. anilides
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01P—BIOCIDAL, PEST REPELLANT, PEST ATTRACTANT OR PLANT GROWTH REGULATORY ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR PREPARATIONS
- A01P13/00—Herbicides; Algicides
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- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种包含敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵的除草组合物，敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵的质量配比为45:1‑1:10；组合物可制备成农业上适宜的制剂用于杂草的防治。本发明的除草组合物具有显著的增效作用，可以有效降低活性成分的使用剂量，减缓杂草抗药性的产生，以及减少环境污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及农药技术领域，尤其是一种包含敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵的组合物及其应用。
背景技术
水稻在我国种植历史悠久，稻田杂草经过长期的自然选择，已完全适应了水稻生长的生态条件，已发展成为一个庞大的植物群落。稻田杂草与水稻争光、争肥、争水，会严重削弱水稻的长势，还是多种病虫害传播的媒介，导致病虫危害加重，降低稻谷品质，增加了种粮成本，影响了种粮效益。化学除草技术的应用解决了农民传统除草方法效益差的问题，对粮食丰产、农民增收发挥了重要作用。但是随着长期化学除草剂的使用，杂草抗药性的产生，除草剂的使用剂量逐渐增加，影响环境安全和食品安全。
敌稗属酰胺类除草剂。主要通过高度选择性的触杀作用，为选择性苗后除草剂。敌稗用于防除水稻秧田、本田、直播、插秧等田中的阔叶杂草、禾本科杂草和部分莎草科杂草，如稗属杂草、鸭舌草、马唐、狗尾草等，尤其对抗五氟磺草胺、二氯喹啉酸、丁草胺的稗属杂草特效。
精恶唑禾草灵是内吸传导型杂环氧基苯氧基丙酸类除草剂，是目前农业生产上应用较广的茎叶处理除草剂，经植物绿色组织吸收后传导至分生组织及叶基、茎、根的生长点，主要是通过抑制脂肪酸合成的关键酶——乙酰辅酶A羧化酶，从而抑制了脂肪酸的合成，细胞膜形成受阻，导致杂草死亡。主要用于小麦、大麦、大豆、花生、棉花等作物田里防除一年生禾本科杂草。
申请人研究发现精恶唑禾草灵有较强的内吸性，能够快速吸收传导，敌稗有较强的触杀能力，两者组合有较强增效作用。现有技术中并没有将敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵复配的相关报道。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种包含敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵的组合物。具体方案如下：
一种包含敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵的除草组合物，包含如下质量配比的活性成分：敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵的质量配比为45:1-1:10。优选的，敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵的质量配比为30:1-5:1。优选的，敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵的质量配比为10:1-5:1。
本发明所述的除草组合物中还包含农药上可用的辅料成分。所述的辅料成分包含溶剂、分散剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、稳定剂、增稠剂、pH调节剂、防冻剂中的一种或多种。上述辅料都是农药制剂中常用的允许使用的各种成分，并无特别限定。
除草组合物的剂型可为乳油、可分散油悬浮剂、油悬浮剂，水乳剂、微乳剂。
本发明除草组合物用于防治杂草的用途，所述的杂草为禾本科杂草和阔叶杂草。特别是用于水稻田一年生杂草的用途；优选为稗草、千金子。
有益技术效果
精恶唑禾草灵有较强的内吸性，能够快速吸收传导，敌稗有较强的触杀能力，两者组合有较强增效作用。
当敌稗与精恶唑禾草灵的配比为10:1-5:1时，复配组合物对千金子表现为显著的增效作用；当敌稗与精恶唑禾草灵的配比为30:1-5:1时，复配组合物对稗草表现为显著的增效作用；当组合物表现为增效作用时，可以显著降低活性成分的使用剂量，减缓杂草抗药性的产生。
本发明复配除草组合物对水稻田杂草具有优异的防除效果，与乳油制剂相比，在相同剂量下，可分散油悬浮剂可以提升除草效果。
具体实施方式
实施例1复配除草剂对千金子的联合作用测定
测试杂草：千金子，田间采集种子，实验室保存备用。
试验方法：将过筛细土装入具孔塑料盆，采用盆底渗灌方式进行补水使土壤完全湿润。将精选的杂草种子浸种后均匀摆播于土壤表面，然后覆盖1cm厚细土，以盆底渗灌方式进行补水至土壤润湿，置于温室保温培养，培养一定时间后，剔除大苗和弱苗，盆留叶龄和长势一致的杂草各25株，待处理。参照《农药室内生物测定试验准则》，采用茎叶处理法，喷液量为45mL/m2，用药1次。
调查方法：处理后14d调查1次。采用绝对值调查法，用刀片沿土壤表面切断存活杂草，用分析天平称量杂草鲜重，计算鲜重防效。杂草鲜重防效＝(对照区杂草鲜重-处理区杂草鲜重)/对照区杂草鲜重。
联合作用：采用gowing评价组合物的联合作用。
E0＝X+Y(100-Y)/100；当E-E0＞10％为增效作用；当E-E0＜-10％为拮抗作用；当E-E0值介于理论值±10％为加和作用。
测定结果：敌稗与精恶唑禾草灵复配对千金子表现为不同的联合作用。当敌稗与精恶唑禾草灵的配比为5:0.5-5:1时，复配组合物对千金子表现为显著的增效作用，其它配比表现为相加作用。当组合物表现为增效作用时，可以显著降低活性成分的使用剂量，减缓杂草抗药性的产生。
表1复配除草剂对千金子的联合作用测定
实施例2复配除草剂对稗草的联合作用测定
测试杂草：稗草，田间采集种子，实验室保存备用。
试验方法：将过筛细土装入具孔塑料盆，采用盆底渗灌方式进行补水使土壤完全湿润。将精选的杂草种子浸种后均匀摆播于土壤表面，然后覆盖1cm厚细土，以盆底渗灌方式进行补水至土壤润湿，置于温室保温培养，培养一定时间后，剔除大苗和弱苗，盆留叶龄和长势一致的杂草各25株，待处理。参照《农药室内生物测定试验准则》，采用茎叶处理法，喷液量为45mL/m2，用药1次。
调查方法：处理后14d调查1次。采用绝对值调查法，用刀片沿土壤表面切断存活杂草，用分析天平称量杂草鲜重，计算鲜重防效。杂草鲜重防效＝(对照区杂草鲜重-处理区杂草鲜重)/对照区杂草鲜重。
联合作用：采用gowing评价组合物的联合作用。
E0＝X+Y(100-Y)/100；当E-E0＞10％为增效作用；当E-E0＜-10％为拮抗作用；当E-E0值介于理论值±10％为加和作用。
测定结果：敌稗与精恶唑禾草灵复配对稗草表现为不同的联合作用。当敌稗与精恶唑禾草灵的配比为30:1-5:1时，复配组合物对稗草表现为显著的增效作用，其它配比表现为相加作用。当组合物表现为增效作用时，可以显著降低活性成分的使用剂量，减缓杂草抗药性的产生。
表2复配除草剂对稗草的联合作用测定
实施例3：制剂配方
24％敌稗·精恶唑禾草灵乳油
具体配方包含如下重量百分含量成分：20％敌稗、4％精恶唑禾草灵、农乳1601#5％、吐温80 6％、环己酮4％、油酸甲酯补足100％。
33％敌稗·精恶唑禾草灵乳油
具体配方包含如下重量百分含量成分：30％敌稗、3％精恶唑禾草灵、农乳1601#6％、吐温80 8％、环己酮8％、油酸甲酯补足100％。
24％敌稗·精恶唑禾草灵可分散油悬浮剂
具体配方包含如下重量百分含量成分：20％敌稗、4％精恶唑禾草灵、吐温80 4％、SP-SC37％、木质素苯磺酸钠4％、乙二醇3％、有机膨润土1％、油酸甲酯补足100％。
33％敌稗·精恶唑禾草灵可分散油悬浮剂
具体配方包含如下重量百分含量成分：30％敌稗、3％精恶唑禾草灵、吐温80 5％、SP-SC38％、木质素苯磺酸钠3％、乙二醇5％、有机膨润土1.5％、油酸甲酯补足100％。
实施例4复配除草剂对水稻田杂草的田间防效
杂草种类：马唐、稗草、千金子；
药剂：实施例3中乳油和可分散油悬浮剂
试验方法：试验设药剂处理以及空白处理。每个处理4次重复，每个小区面积40m2；随机区组排列。水稻田杂草多处于3-4叶龄。各小区进行茎叶喷雾施药，施药后21d，每试验小区随机选择4点，每点调查0.25m2，调查杂草鲜重，计算总草鲜重防效。
防效(％)＝[对照区杂草鲜重-处理区杂草鲜重]/对照区杂草鲜重×100。
测试结果：本发明制备的乳油和可分散油悬浮剂对水稻田杂草具有优异的防除效果。与乳油制剂相比，在相同剂量下，可分散油悬浮剂可以提升除草效果，具有显著差异。24％敌稗·精恶唑禾草灵乳油或24％敌稗·精恶唑禾草灵可分散油悬浮剂推荐使用剂量为：活性成分用量10-14g/亩。33％敌稗·精恶唑禾草灵乳油或33％敌稗·精恶唑禾草灵可分散油悬浮剂推荐使用剂量为：活性成分用量18-22g/亩。
表3复配除草剂对水稻田杂草的田间防效
最后应说明的是：以上各实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案，而非对其限制。
Claims (7)
1.一种包含敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵的除草组合物，其特征在于，包含如下质量配比的活性成分：敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵的质量配比为45:1-1:10。
2.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物，其特征在于，敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵的质量配比为30:1-5:1。
3.根据权利要求2所述的除草组合物，其特征在于，敌稗和精恶唑禾草灵的质量配比为10:1-5:1。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的除草组合物，其特征在于，还包含农药上可用的辅料成分。
5.根据权利要求4所述的除草组合物，其特征在于，所述的辅料成分包含溶剂、分散剂、润湿剂、乳化剂、稳定剂、增稠剂、pH调节剂、防冻剂中的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的除草组合物，其特征在于，除草组合物的剂型可为乳油、可分散油悬浮剂、油悬浮剂，水乳剂、微乳剂。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的除草组合物用于防治杂草的用途，其特征在于，所述的杂草为水稻田杂草。
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| CN1309533A (zh) * | 1998-07-16 | 2001-08-22 | 阿温提斯作物科学有限公司 | 除草剂组合物 |
| US20070066484A1 (en) * | 2005-09-21 | 2007-03-22 | Leeper John R | Synergistic composition and method of use |
| CN109042654A (zh) * | 2018-06-16 | 2018-12-21 | 江西中迅农化有限公司 | 含有精噁唑禾草灵的增效除草组合物 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1309533A (zh) * | 1998-07-16 | 2001-08-22 | 阿温提斯作物科学有限公司 | 除草剂组合物 |
| US20070066484A1 (en) * | 2005-09-21 | 2007-03-22 | Leeper John R | Synergistic composition and method of use |
| CN109042654A (zh) * | 2018-06-16 | 2018-12-21 | 江西中迅农化有限公司 | 含有精噁唑禾草灵的增效除草组合物 |
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| Title |
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| 余柳青: "除草剂低剂量处理的高产效果", vol. 3, no. 3, 31 December 1989 (1989-12-31), pages 119 - 122 * |
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