CN116436970B - Multi-client multi-serial communication method and system based on MQTT protocol - Google Patents
Multi-client multi-serial communication method and system based on MQTT protocol Download PDFInfo
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- CN116436970B CN116436970B CN202210763132.4A CN202210763132A CN116436970B CN 116436970 B CN116436970 B CN 116436970B CN 202210763132 A CN202210763132 A CN 202210763132A CN 116436970 B CN116436970 B CN 116436970B
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- 230000006854 communication Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000007175 bidirectional communication Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L69/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
- H04L69/10—Streamlined, light-weight or high-speed protocols, e.g. express transfer protocol [XTP] or byte stream
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
- H04L47/50—Queue scheduling
- H04L47/52—Queue scheduling by attributing bandwidth to queues
- H04L47/527—Quantum based scheduling, e.g. credit or deficit based scheduling or token bank
Abstract
The invention relates to a multi-client multi-serial communication method and a system based on an MQTT protocol, wherein the method comprises the following steps: transmitting connection confirmation information; performing device ID identification based on the device ID number; acquiring a creation queue instruction sent by a device side; creating a transceiving queue Topic based on the create queue instruction; asynchronously receiving client data information sent by a client and storing the client data information to a receiving queue; receiving subscription information of a device side; when the information stored in the receiving queue changes, actively sending client data information to the equipment end based on subscription information of the equipment end or passively waiting for the equipment end to acquire the client data information based on the subscription information; receiving equipment data information sent by an equipment end and storing the equipment data information into a sending queue; receiving subscription information of a client; and when the information stored in the transmission queue changes, transmitting the device data information to the client based on the subscription information of the client. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages of high integration level, low cost, simple implementation mode and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of data communication, in particular to a multi-client multi-serial communication method and system based on an MQTT protocol.
Background
The serial interface is abbreviated as serial interface and is an expansion interface adopting serial communication mode. The serial port data are sequentially transmitted bit by bit, the communication line is simple, two-way communication can be realized only by a pair of transmission lines, the development is simple, the use is convenient and fast, the cost is low and the serial port data are well known, and the serial port data are widely applied to various occasions. However, the disadvantage of the serial port is also obvious, and complex application occasions are not supported, for example, when multiple clients access the same serial port at the same time, the conflict is easy to occur; for another example, a client may communicate with a plurality of serial devices, and the ports of the serial devices must be known in advance. To realize multi-client multi-serial communication, a hardware conversion device is generally added to a serial device, for example, a serial device converting a serial port to a TCP/UDP/IP protocol is added to the serial device, and then each client establishes a TCP/UDP connection with the hardware device to realize bidirectional communication. However, in this manner, each serial port needs to be equipped with a hardware device, and when the client needs to be connected with multiple serial ports, multiple TCP connections need to be maintained, which is complex in implementation, large in workload, and high in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a multi-client multi-serial port communication method and system based on an MQTT protocol, which are free from adding complex hardware conversion equipment, realize communication only by a software method, have low coupling between a client and a serial port, and have simple implementation mode and low cost.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
a multi-client multi-serial port communication method based on an MQTT protocol comprises the following steps:
transmitting connection confirmation information to the equipment end;
acquiring and storing equipment ID numbers stored by equipment ends, and carrying out equipment ID identification based on the equipment ID numbers, wherein the equipment ID numbers are automatically distributed to the equipment ends when the equipment ends are connected to a server, one equipment end corresponds to one equipment ID number and the equipment ID numbers are not repeated;
acquiring a creation queue instruction sent by a device side, wherein the creation queue instruction is determined based on connection confirmation information and a device ID number;
creating a transceiving queue Topic based on the queue creating instruction, wherein the transceiving queue Topic comprises a sending queue and a receiving queue, one equipment ID number generally corresponds to a pair of unique transceiving queues Topic, and the equipment end automatically subscribes to the receiving queue Topic; when special requirements exist, the transmitting and receiving queues Topic can be shared between different equipment ends, and once the establishment of the transmitting and receiving queues is completed, all subsequent information is transmitted through the transmitting and receiving queues, wherein the transmitting queues are used for caching the information transmitted by the equipment ends, and the receiving queues are used for caching the information received by the equipment ends;
asynchronously receiving client data information sent by a client and storing the client data information to a receiving queue;
receiving subscription information of equipment terminals, wherein one equipment terminal subscribes to a receiving queue, and the equipment ID number of the equipment terminal is consistent with the equipment ID number corresponding to a receiving-transmitting queue Topic to which the receiving queue belongs;
when the client data information stored in the receiving queue changes, actively sending the client data information to the equipment end based on subscription information of the equipment end, or passively waiting for the equipment end to acquire the client data information stored in the receiving queue based on the subscription information;
receiving equipment data information sent by an equipment end and storing the equipment data information into a sending queue;
receiving subscription information of clients, wherein one client subscribes to one or more sending queues, and the clients determine the subscription information based on the received query information;
and when the device data information stored in the transmission queue changes, the device data information is transmitted to the client based on the subscription information of the client.
The method further comprises the steps of:
receiving heartbeat information sent by a device side;
and if the heartbeat information or the equipment data information is received in the preset heartbeat period, marking the connection state corresponding to the equipment end as on-line, otherwise marking the connection state as off-line.
The inquiry information comprises a device ID number, a connection state and a corresponding queue Topic of the device side.
The device ID number is specified and generated by the MCU.
The equipment types of the equipment end comprise serial port equipment and Ethernet interface equipment.
A multi-client multi-serial communication method system based on MQTT protocol includes:
the client is accessed to the server through the MQTT based on TCP/IP, subscribes a transmission queue of a receiving and transmitting queue Topic in the server based on subscription requirements, and transmits client data information to the server;
the device end is connected to the server through a serial port and comprises a device end MQTT management module, wherein the device end MQTT management module is stored with a device ID number, and the device end MQTT management module subscribes to a receiving queue of a corresponding receiving and transmitting queue Topic in the server based on the device ID number and transmits device data information to the server through a transmitting queue;
the server comprises an MQTT function server, an access management module and a bi-directional communication module based on a transmit-receive queue Topic,
the MQTT function server executes the following steps:
receiving a queue creation instruction sent by the MQTT management module of the equipment end (after receiving the connection confirmation information, the MQTT management module of the equipment end sends the queue creation instruction if confirming that the connection is established with the MQTT server);
creating a queue Topic based on a queue creating instruction, wherein the queue Topic comprises a sending queue and a receiving queue, the sending queue is used for caching information sent by a device end, the receiving queue is used for caching information received by the device end, and one device ID number corresponds to a pair of receiving and sending queues Topic;
receiving a subscription request of a client, and establishing an application information transmission channel based on a release PUB-subscription SUB mode with each equipment terminal based on an MQTT protocol;
the bi-directional communication module based on the transmit-receive queue Topic executes the following steps:
the method has the advantages that the client data information sent by the client is asynchronously received to the receiving queue, and the conflict problem caused when a plurality of clients send information to the same device at the same time can be well solved by adopting an asynchronous receiving mode;
receiving subscription information of equipment terminals, wherein one equipment terminal subscribes to a receiving queue, and the equipment ID number of the equipment terminal is consistent with the equipment ID number corresponding to a receiving-transmitting queue Topic to which the receiving queue belongs;
when the client data information stored in the receiving queue changes, the client data information is sent to the equipment end based on subscription information of the equipment end, or the equipment end actively acquires the client data information stored in the receiving queue based on the subscription information;
receiving equipment data information sent by an equipment end and storing the equipment data information into a sending queue;
receiving subscription information of clients, wherein one client subscribes to one or more sending queues, and the clients determine the subscription information based on the received query information;
when the equipment data information stored in the sending queue changes, actively sending the data information to the client according to the subscription information of the client, and completing the communication from the equipment to the client;
the access management module performs the steps of:
automatically enumerating and creating a corresponding device communication port number when the device end is connected to the server;
querying a device ID number of the device based on the communication port number;
receiving a successful connection signal confirmed by the equipment end based on the equipment ID number;
storing the device ID number, the communication port number, the transmission queue and the receiving queue related information;
before formally communicating with the equipment end, the client inquires and acquires equipment information of equipment to be subscribed through a server access management module, and once the client acquires the inquiry information of the equipment to be subscribed, the client can actively subscribe a queue Topic of related equipment; multiple clients can subscribe to the same queue Topic at the same time, and once subscription is successful, a data change (the data change is caused by the device side) exists in a transmission queue MCU_TX in the queue Topic, and each client can receive information sent by the device in real time.
The access management module further performs the steps of:
receiving heartbeat information periodically sent by an MQTT management module at a device end;
and if the heartbeat information or the equipment data information is received in the preset heartbeat period, marking the connection state of the equipment end corresponding to the equipment end MQTT management module as on-line, otherwise marking as off-line.
The inquiry information comprises an equipment end ID number, a connection state and a corresponding queue Topic.
The device ID number is specified and generated by the MCU.
The equipment types of the equipment end comprise serial port equipment and Ethernet interface equipment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Aiming at the communication among multiple clients and multiple serial ports, the invention realizes the high integration of the system in the form of pure software, fully utilizes the low serial port, does not need to additionally increase hardware equipment, and has low cost and low working complexity.
(2) The invention realizes the data transmission between the client and the equipment through the server, has low coupling degree between the client and the equipment, does not need to know the actual port and interface type of the equipment, can be mixed and integrated with different interface equipment, and has wide application range.
(3) The client can be realized by only establishing one connection with the server, and the connection with each equipment terminal is not required, so that the realization mode is simple and the volume is small.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
A multi-client multi-serial communication method system based on MQTT protocol, as shown in fig. 1, comprising:
(1) Client terminal
The client accesses the server through the MQTT based on TCP/IP, queries the Topic created by the equipment end in the server according to the communication requirement, subscribes the sending queue of the related receiving and sending queue Topic according to the requirement, or sends information to the appointed queue according to the requirement.
(2) Equipment end
The device end is connected to the server through a serial port and comprises a device end MQTT management module, wherein a unique device ID number appointed by the MCU is stored on the device end MQTT management module. The device-side MQTT management module subscribes to a receiving queue of a corresponding receiving and transmitting queue Topic in the server based on the device ID number, and sends device data information to the server through the transmitting queue Topic.
The equipment types of the equipment end comprise serial port equipment and Ethernet interface equipment.
(3) Server device
The server comprises an MQTT function server, an access management module and a bidirectional communication module based on a transmit-receive queue Topic.
The MQTT function server executes the following steps:
receiving a queue creation instruction sent by the MQTT management module of the equipment end (after receiving the connection confirmation information, the MQTT management module of the equipment end sends the queue creation instruction if confirming that the connection is established with the MQTT server);
creating a queue Topic based on a queue creating instruction, wherein the queue Topic comprises a sending queue and a receiving queue, the sending queue is used for caching information sent by a device end, the receiving queue is used for caching information received by the device end, and one device ID number corresponds to a pair of receiving and sending queues Topic;
and receiving a subscription request of the client, and establishing an application information transmission channel based on a release PUB-subscription SUB mode with each equipment terminal based on the MQTT protocol.
The bi-directional communication module based on the transmit-receive queue Topic executes the following steps:
the asynchronous receiving mode can well solve the conflict problem caused when a plurality of clients send information to the same device at the same time.
Receiving subscription information of equipment ends, wherein one equipment end subscribes to a receiving queue;
when the client data information stored in the receiving queue changes, the client data information is sent to the equipment end based on subscription information of the equipment end, or the equipment end actively acquires the client data information stored in the receiving queue based on the subscription information, so that the communication from the client end to the equipment end is completed;
receiving equipment data information sent by an equipment end and storing the equipment data information into a sending queue;
receiving subscription information of clients, wherein one client subscribes to one or more sending queues, and the clients determine the subscription information based on the received query information;
when the data information of the equipment stored in the sending queue changes (namely, the equipment end has a request for sending data to the client end), the data information is actively sent to the client end according to the subscription information of the client end, and the communication from the equipment end to the client end is completed.
The access management module performs the steps of:
automatically enumerating and creating a corresponding device communication port number when the device end is connected to the server;
querying a device ID number of the device based on the communication port number;
receiving a successful connection signal confirmed by the equipment end based on the equipment ID number;
storing the device ID number, the communication port number, the transmit queue, and the receive queue related information.
The access management module further performs the steps of:
receiving heartbeat information periodically sent by an MQTT management module at a device end;
and if the heartbeat information or the equipment data information is received in the preset heartbeat period, marking the connection state of the equipment end corresponding to the equipment end MQTT management module as on-line, otherwise marking as off-line.
Before formally communicating with the equipment end, the client inquires and acquires equipment information of equipment to be subscribed through a server access management module, wherein the equipment information comprises an equipment end ID number, a connection state and a corresponding queue Topic. Once the client acquires the inquiry information of the device side of the device to be subscribed, the client can actively subscribe to the queue Topic of the related device. Multiple clients can subscribe to the same queue Topic at the same time, and once subscription is successful, a data change (the data change is caused by the device side) exists in a transmission queue MCU_TX in the queue Topic, and each client can receive information sent by the device in real time.
Based on the system, the client only needs to care about the serial device, the connection state of the device and the receiving and transmitting Topic corresponding to the device, does not need to care about the real serial device access port number, and only needs to establish one TCP connection with the server when one client communicates interactive data with a plurality of device ends.
The foregoing describes in detail preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations can be made in accordance with the concepts of the invention by one of ordinary skill in the art without undue burden. Therefore, all technical solutions which can be obtained by logic analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art by a person skilled in the art according to the inventive concept shall be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The multi-client multi-serial port communication method based on the MQTT protocol is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
transmitting connection confirmation information to the equipment end;
acquiring and storing equipment ID numbers stored by equipment ends, and carrying out equipment ID identification based on the equipment ID numbers, wherein the equipment ID numbers are automatically distributed to the equipment ends when the equipment ends are connected to a server, one equipment end corresponds to one equipment ID number and the equipment ID numbers are not repeated;
acquiring a creation queue instruction sent by a device side, wherein the creation queue instruction is determined based on connection confirmation information and a device ID number;
creating a receiving and transmitting queue Topic based on a queue creating instruction, wherein the receiving and transmitting queue Topic comprises a sending queue and a receiving queue, one equipment ID number corresponds to a pair of unique receiving and transmitting queues Topic, and the equipment end automatically subscribes to the receiving queue Topic, wherein the sending queue is used for caching information sent by the equipment end, and the receiving queue is used for caching information received by the equipment end;
asynchronously receiving client data information sent by a client and storing the client data information to a receiving queue;
receiving subscription information of equipment terminals, wherein one equipment terminal subscribes to a receiving queue, and the equipment ID number of the equipment terminal is consistent with the equipment ID number corresponding to a receiving-transmitting queue Topic to which the receiving queue belongs;
when the client data information stored in the receiving queue changes, actively sending the client data information to the equipment end based on the subscription information of the equipment end or passively waiting for the equipment end to acquire the client data information based on the subscription information;
receiving equipment data information sent by an equipment end and storing the equipment data information into a sending queue;
receiving subscription information of clients, wherein one client subscribes to one or more sending queues, and the clients determine the subscription information based on the received query information;
and when the device data information stored in the transmission queue changes, the device data information is transmitted to the client based on the subscription information of the client.
2. The MQTT protocol-based multi-client multi-serial communication method of claim 1, further comprising:
receiving heartbeat information sent by a device side;
and if the heartbeat information or the equipment data information is received in the preset heartbeat period, marking the connection state corresponding to the equipment end as on-line, otherwise marking the connection state as off-line.
3. The multi-client multi-serial communication method based on the MQTT protocol according to claim 2, wherein the query information includes a device ID number, a connection status, and a corresponding queue Topic of the device side.
4. The MQTT protocol-based multi-client multi-serial communication method of claim 1, wherein the device ID number is specified by the MCU.
5. The multi-client multi-serial communication method based on the MQTT protocol according to claim 1, wherein the device types of the device side include serial devices and ethernet interface devices.
6. A multi-client multi-serial communication system based on MQTT protocol, comprising:
the client is accessed to the server through the MQTT based on TCP/IP, subscribes a transmission queue of a queue Topic in the server based on subscription requirements, and transmits client data information to the server;
the device end is connected to the server through a serial port and comprises a device end MQTT management module, wherein the device end MQTT management module is stored with a device ID number, and the device end MQTT management module subscribes to a receiving queue of a corresponding receiving and transmitting queue Topic in the server based on the device ID number and transmits device data information to the server through a transmitting queue;
the server comprises an MQTT function server, an access management module and a bi-directional communication module based on a transmit-receive queue Topic, wherein,
the MQTT function server executes the following steps:
receiving a queue creating instruction sent by an MQTT management module at a device end;
creating a queue Topic based on a queue creating instruction, wherein the queue Topic comprises a sending queue and a receiving queue, the sending queue is used for caching information sent by a device end, the receiving queue is used for caching information received by the device end, and one device ID number corresponds to a pair of receiving and sending queues Topic;
receiving a subscription request of a client, and establishing an application information transmission channel based on a release PUB-subscription SUB mode with each equipment terminal based on an MQTT protocol;
the bi-directional communication module based on the transmit-receive queue Topic executes the following steps:
asynchronously receiving client data information sent by a client to a receive queue,
receiving subscription information of equipment terminals, wherein one equipment terminal subscribes to a receiving queue, and the equipment ID number of the equipment terminal is consistent with the equipment ID number corresponding to a receiving-transmitting queue Topic to which the receiving queue belongs;
when the client data information stored in the receiving queue changes, actively sending the client data information to the equipment end based on subscription information of the equipment end or passively waiting for the equipment end to acquire the client data information based on the subscription information, and completing communication from the client end to the equipment end;
receiving equipment data information sent by an equipment end and caching the equipment data information to a sending queue;
receiving subscription information of clients, wherein one client subscribes to one or more sending queues, and the clients determine the subscription information based on the received query information;
when the equipment data information stored in the sending queue changes, actively sending the data information to the client according to the subscription information of the client, and completing the communication from the equipment to the client;
the access management module performs the steps of:
automatically enumerating and creating a corresponding device communication port number when the device end is connected to the server;
querying a device ID number of the device based on the communication port number;
receiving a successful connection signal confirmed by the equipment end based on the equipment ID number;
storing the device ID number, the communication port number, the transmit queue, and the receive queue related information.
7. The MQTT protocol-based multi-client multi-serial communication system of claim 6, wherein the access management module further performs the steps of:
receiving heartbeat information periodically sent by an MQTT management module at a device end;
and if the heartbeat information or the equipment data information is received in the preset heartbeat period, marking the connection state of the equipment end corresponding to the equipment end MQTT management module as on-line, otherwise marking as off-line.
8. The MQTT protocol-based multi-client multi-serial communication system of claim 7, wherein the query information comprises device ID number of the device side, connection status, corresponding queue Topic.
9. The MQTT protocol-based multi-client, multi-serial communication system of claim 6, wherein the device ID numbers are generated by MCU designation.
10. The MQTT protocol-based multi-client multi-serial communication system of claim 6, wherein the device types of the device side comprise serial devices, ethernet interface devices.
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