CN116434868A - Body-based sustainable evaluation method for cement-steel slag solidified soil - Google Patents
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 173
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
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- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 104
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 33
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
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- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 201000007664 Branchio-oculo-facial syndrome Diseases 0.000 claims 1
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- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a body-based cement-steel slag solidified soil sustainable evaluation method, which comprises the steps of setting cement-steel slag solidified soil basic data, and setting evaluation indexes of cement-steel slag solidified soil according to the basic data; defining a plurality of classes corresponding to the ontology model and attributes corresponding to the classes according to the evaluation index; and formulating an evaluation index evaluation inference rule of the cement-steel slag solidified soil by adopting a semantic network rule, defining a semantic network query rule according to the evaluation index evaluation inference rule, assigning a plurality of classes according to parameters corresponding to basic data, and obtaining the influence of the basic data to be evaluated on the sustainability of the solidified soil according to the assigned classes, the attributes corresponding to the classes and the evaluation index evaluation inference rule of the cement-steel slag solidified soil. The ontology model is combined with the semantic web rule language, the evaluation index is quantized to obtain an inference result, and the optimal design and the optimal direction are obtained from the macroscopic angle, so that the working efficiency of the designer is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soft soil solidification, in particular to a body-based sustainable evaluation method for cement-steel slag solidified soil.
Background
The traditional soft soil curing agent (cement, lime and the like) has the problems of high energy consumption, high carbon emission, non-renewable resource consumption, environmental pollution and the like. Replacement of cement with a low carbon supplementary cementitious material is considered to be a sustainable solution. The steel slag is one of byproducts of the steel industry, and accounts for about 12% -15% of the steel yield, and a large amount of steel slag is piled up, so that not only is the land resource occupied, but also a great potential safety hazard is caused to the ecological environment. In recent years, research proves that the accelerated carbonization can efficiently excite the activity of steel slag, and the partial replacement of cement can improve the soft soil, so that the compressive strength and the dry and wet cycle resistance of the solidified soil can be remarkably improved. Designers often focus only on their engineering performance, and the importance of maintaining a balance between environmental and economic benefits of green designs is critical to decisions of construction project stakeholders. Designers often lack resources and tools to initiate the best decision on green materials.
Currently, most studies employ a multi-criteria decision model to evaluate sustainable materials used in construction projects. The prior research cannot quantitatively compare and evaluate the environment and cost saving of the green material; in addition, cement is generally a main source of material strength, and the use performance and durability of the material may be seriously reduced while the addition of the auxiliary cementing material reduces the environmental impact, so that the sustainability of the cement-steel slag solidified soil cannot be evaluated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a sustainable evaluation method of cement-steel slag solidified soil based on a body, which aims to overcome the technical problems.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
a body-based cement-steel slag solidified soil sustainable evaluation method comprises the following steps:
setting cement-steel slag solidified soil basic data, wherein the basic data comprise raw material consumption, raw material transportation distance, steel slag grinding grade prepared by a solidifying agent and carbonization grade;
the basic data also comprise energy consumption, carbon emission and cost of the curing agent in the preparation stage;
setting evaluation indexes of the cement-steel slag solidified soil according to the basic data, wherein the evaluation indexes comprise environmental indexes, economic indexes, performance indexes and sustainable indexes;
defining a plurality of classes corresponding to the ontology model and attributes corresponding to the classes according to the evaluation index, wherein the attributes corresponding to the classes comprise object attributes and data type attributes;
the object attribute is used for defining the relation between classes;
the data type attribute is used for qualitatively or quantitatively describing entity properties of the category, wherein the entity properties comprise material weight, strength, carbon emission, price and energy information;
adopting semantic net rules to formulate evaluation index evaluation inference rules of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, wherein the evaluation rules comprise: carbon emission calculation rules, cost calculation rules and sustainable index calculation rules;
defining semantic web query rules according to the evaluation index evaluation reasoning rules of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, wherein the semantic web query rules comprise carbon emission, cost and sustainable index query rules and scheme query rules with sustainable indexes smaller than a preset value;
and assigning values to the classes according to parameters corresponding to the basic data, and evaluating inference rules according to the assigned classes, the attributes corresponding to the classes and the evaluation indexes of the cement-steel slag solidified soil to obtain the influence of the basic data to be evaluated on the sustainability of the solidified soil.
Further, the evaluation indexes define a plurality of classes corresponding to the body model, including carbon emission class in the production process of raw materials of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, production cost class of the cement-steel slag solidifying agent, unconfined compressive strength class of the solidified soil and sustainable index class;
the carbon emission in the raw material production process of the cement-steel slag solidified soil comprises carbon emission in the raw material production process, carbon emission in the material transportation process, carbon emission in the curing agent preparation process and carbon emission for avoiding steel slag landfill;
the production cost of the cement-steel slag curing agent comprises raw material cost, transportation cost, curing agent preparation cost and steel slag landfill avoidance cost;
the sustainable indicator class comprises a sustainable environment indicator class and a sustainable economic indicator class.
Further, the production grade category prepared by the curing agent comprises an elementary stream category, a process category and a product stream category;
the elementary stream class includes two subclasses: resource class and emission class;
the resource class comprises energy and raw materials entering the production system from natural environment; the energy source comprises diesel oil, coal and electricity; the raw materials comprise cement and high-efficiency polymeric ferric chloride sulfate BOFS;
the emissions class includes emissions released from the production system into the air, water, or soil;
the process class includes lifecycle activities of the product, the lifecycle activities including production processes and transportation processes;
the product stream comprises an output product from a production process or production system, the output product comprising carbonized steel slag and a solidification agent.
Further, the environmental index is an index using carbon emission as an environmental impact;
the carbon emission calculation rules comprise a carbon emission calculation rule in the raw material production process of cement-steel slag solidified soil, a carbon emission calculation rule in the material transportation process, a carbon emission calculation rule in the curing agent preparation process and a carbon emission calculation rule for avoiding steel slag landfill;
the total carbon emission amount calculation rule of the carbon emission amount is that
CO 2 ＝CO 2-m +CO 2-p +CO 2-t -CO 2-a (1)
In the formula, CO 2-m Representing the carbon dioxide equivalent produced during the raw material production process; CO 2-p Represents the equivalent amount of carbon dioxide generated during the preparation of the curing agent; CO 2-t Representing the carbon dioxide equivalent produced during the transportation of the material; CO 2-a Represents carbon emissions that avoid steel slag landfills;
the carbon emission amount calculation rule in the raw material production process is that
CO 2-m ＝W c ×CO 2-mf (2)
In which W is c Represents curing 1m 3 The amount of cement required by soft soil is t; CO 2-mf Represents the carbon emission factor of cement production, and the unit is kg CO2 eq/t;
the carbon emission in the preparation process of the curing agent comprises carbon emission generated by electric power in the grinding and carbonization processes of steel slag and carbon dioxide absorption of the steel slag, and the calculation rule is that
CO 2-p ＝E g ×CO 2-pf +E c ×CO 2-pf -W s ×CO 2 uptake (3)
Wherein E is g And E is c The power consumption of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process is respectively expressed in kWh; CO 2-pf Represents the electric carbon emission factor in kgCO 2 eq/kWh；W s Represents curing 1m 3 Curing agent required for soft soilThe steel slag consumption is t; CO 2 uptake represents the proportion of the carbon dioxide absorption amount of the steel slag to the steel slag consumption;
the calculation rule of the carbon emission in the material transportation process is that
Wherein D is i The transport distance of the ith material is in km; w (W) i Indicating the transport quantity of the ith material in kg; CO 2-ti Expressed as carbon dioxide equivalent per ton of material transported 1km discharged in kgCO 2 eq/(t·km)。
Furthermore, the economic index takes the production cost of the cement-steel slag curing agent as an influence index, and the production cost calculation rule comprises a raw material cost calculation rule, a transportation cost calculation rule, a curing agent preparation cost calculation rule and a cost for avoiding steel slag landfill;
the raw material cost comprises cement cost and steel slag cost;
the transportation cost comprises the cost of steel slag and cement transported to a factory;
the preparation cost of the curing agent comprises the electricity cost of grinding and carbonizing steel slag;
the cost of avoiding steel slag landfill includes the transportation cost of steel slag to a landfill site;
the total cost calculation rule of the production cost of the cement-steel slag curing agent is that
Cost＝Cost m +Cost p +Cost t -Cost a (5)
In the formula, cost m Representing raw material costs; cost (test) p Representing the preparation cost of the curing agent; cost (test) t Representing material transportation costs; cost (test) a Represents the cost of avoiding steel slag landfill;
the calculation rule of the raw material production cost is that
In which W is i Indicating the transport quantity of the ith material in kg; cost (test) mi A price per ton of the ith material;
the calculation rule of the preparation cost of the curing agent is that
Cost p ＝E g ×Cost pf +E c ×Cost pf (7)
Wherein E is g And E is c The power consumption of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process is respectively expressed in kWh; cost (test) pf And Cost pf The electric power price of the electric power consumption of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process is respectively represented;
the calculation rule of the material transportation cost is that
Wherein D is i The transport distance of the ith material is in km; w (W) i Indicating the transport quantity of the ith material in kg; cost (test) ti A price of 1km per ton of i-th material is transported.
Further, the performance index comprises unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil;
normalizing the environmental index, the economic index and the performance index by taking pure cement solidified soil as a reference to obtain the sustainable index;
the sustainable index calculation rule comprises a sustainable environment index calculation rule and a sustainable economic index calculation rule;
the calculation rules of the sustainable environment index and the sustainable economic index are as follows
In the formula, SUI environment The sustainable environment index of the steel slag-cement solidified soft soil is represented; CO 2 A total carbon emission amount representing the carbon emission amount; SUI (SUI) economic The sustainable economic index of the steel slag-cement solidified soft soil is represented; cost represents the total Cost of the production Cost of the cement-steel slag curing agent; UCS indicates unconfined compressive strength of the cured soft soil.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention provides a body-based cement-steel slag solidified soil sustainable evaluation method, which comprises the steps of defining classes of a body system through basic data of a cement-steel slag solidified soil knowledge base, establishing attribute relations among the classes to obtain a body model of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, formulating an evaluation index evaluation reasoning rule of the cement-steel slag solidified soil based on semantic network rules by the body model, defining semantic network query rules according to the evaluation index evaluation reasoning rule of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, assigning values to the classes through parameters corresponding to the basic data, quantifying the evaluation indexes, and further obtaining an reasoning result of influence of the basic data on the solidified soil sustainability.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it will be obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of a method for sustainable evaluation of body-based cement-steel slag solidified soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between UML class and UML class of the body core concept of the body-based method for continuously evaluating the cement-steel slag solidified soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a body frame of a body-based method for sustainable evaluation of cement-steel slag solidified soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a hypothetical interface for a method for sustainable evaluation of body-based cement-steel slag solidified soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of a query interface for carbon emissions, cost, and sustainable indicators of a method for sustainable evaluation of body-based cement-steel slag solidified soil according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a plan query interface diagram of a method for sustainable evaluation of body-based cement-steel slag solidified soil according to the present invention, wherein the sustainable index is less than 1;
FIG. 7 is a bar graph of carbon emissions versus cost for a body-based cement-steel slag solidified soil sustainable evaluation method according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a bar graph of unconfined compressive strength of a solidified soil versus a sustainable index line graph for a body-based method for sustainable evaluation of cement-steel slag solidified soil according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The embodiment provides a sustainable evaluation method of cement-steel slag solidified soil based on a body, which is shown in fig. 1 and comprises the following steps:
step S1: setting cement-steel slag solidified soil basic data, wherein the basic data comprise raw material consumption, raw material transportation distance, steel slag grinding grade prepared by a solidifying agent and carbonization grade;
the basic data also comprise energy consumption, carbon emission and cost of the curing agent in the preparation stage;
step S2: setting evaluation indexes of the cement-steel slag solidified soil according to the basic data, wherein the evaluation indexes comprise environmental indexes, economic indexes, performance indexes and sustainable indexes;
defining a plurality of classes corresponding to the ontology model and attributes corresponding to the classes according to the evaluation index, wherein the attributes corresponding to the classes comprise object attributes and data type attributes;
the object attribute is used for defining the relation between classes;
the data type attribute is used for qualitatively or quantitatively describing entity properties of the category, wherein the entity properties comprise material weight, strength, carbon emission, price and energy information;
step S3: adopting semantic net rules to formulate evaluation index evaluation inference rules of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, wherein the evaluation rules comprise: carbon emission calculation rules, cost calculation rules and sustainable index calculation rules;
step S4: defining semantic web query rules according to the evaluation index evaluation reasoning rules of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, wherein the semantic web query rules comprise carbon emission, cost and sustainable index query rules and scheme query rules with sustainable indexes smaller than a preset value;
step S5: and assigning values to the classes according to parameters corresponding to the basic data, and evaluating inference rules according to the assigned classes, the attributes corresponding to the classes and the evaluation indexes of the cement-steel slag solidified soil to obtain the influence of the basic data to be evaluated on the sustainability of the solidified soil.
The method for continuously evaluating the cement-steel slag solidified soil based on the body further comprises a system framework for continuously evaluating the cement-steel slag solidified soil based on the body, and as shown in fig. 3, the system framework for continuously evaluating comprises the following components: a database layer, a knowledge base layer and a user layer; the data layer is used for acquiring the knowledge content of the original cement-steel slag solidified soil, analyzing, summarizing and arranging, forming knowledge items and inputting the knowledge items into a preset database to obtain knowledge data; the knowledge content comprises a steel slag-cement curing agent production process, material performance, energy information and the like; the knowledge base layer converts knowledge data in the field into an ontology model and related rules through a rule editor, and stores the ontology model and the related rules in a cement-steel slag solidified soil knowledge base for standby in an OWL file mode; the user layer can use a semantic query enhanced Web rule language (SQWRL) query reasoning and calculation result, and screen and compare alternative schemes according to design requirements to obtain the design schemes and the optimization directions meeting the requirements; the method comprises the steps of defining classes of an ontology system through basic data of a cement-steel slag solidified soil knowledge base, establishing attribute relations between the classes, and obtaining an ontology model of cement-steel slag solidified soil, wherein the ontology model is a display description or representation of concepts and attributes of the concepts and relations among the concepts which exist objectively in a certain field, and can define hierarchical structures of the classes and the classes, and meanwhile can define the attributes of the classes. The attributes of a class generally include two classes, namely Object property and Data property, where Object property defines a relationship between classes, and Data property represents a Data attribute of a class; and the ontology model formulates an evaluation index evaluation reasoning rule of the cement-steel slag solidified soil based on semantic network rules, defines a semantic network query rule according to the evaluation index evaluation reasoning rule of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, assigns the parameters corresponding to the basic data to the classes, quantifies the evaluation index, and further obtains a reasoning result of the influence of the basic data on the sustainability of the solidified soil.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the evaluation indexes define a plurality of classes corresponding to the body model, including carbon emission classes in the production process of raw materials of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, production cost classes of the cement-steel slag solidifying agent, unconfined compressive strength classes of the solidified soil and sustainable index classes;
the carbon emission in the raw material production process of the cement-steel slag solidified soil comprises carbon emission in the raw material production process, carbon emission in the material transportation process, carbon emission in the curing agent preparation process and carbon emission for avoiding steel slag landfill;
the production cost of the cement-steel slag curing agent comprises raw material cost, transportation cost, curing agent preparation cost and steel slag landfill avoidance cost;
the sustainable indicator class comprises a sustainable environment indicator class and a sustainable economic indicator class.
In a specific embodiment, the production grade category prepared by the curing agent mainly comprises an elementary stream category, a process category and a product stream category;
the elementary stream class includes two subclasses: resource class and emission class;
the resource class comprises energy and raw materials entering the production system from natural environment; the energy source comprises diesel oil, coal and electricity; the raw materials comprise cement and high-efficiency polymeric ferric chloride sulfate BOFS;
the emissions class includes emissions released from the production system into the air, water, or soil;
the process class includes lifecycle activities of the product, the lifecycle activities including production processes and transportation processes;
the product stream comprises an output product from a production process or production system, the output product comprising carbonized steel slag and a solidification agent.
In a specific embodiment, the global warming potential value (GWP: global warming potential global warming potential, measured in terms of carbon dioxide equivalent) most important to each industry is selected as an environmental impact indicator;
the carbon emission calculation rules comprise a carbon emission calculation rule in the raw material production process of cement-steel slag solidified soil, a carbon emission calculation rule in the material transportation process, a carbon emission calculation rule in the curing agent preparation process and a carbon emission calculation rule for avoiding steel slag landfill; wherein, the resource utilization of the steel slag can avoid carbon emission generated by the landfill of the steel slag, and the carbon emission generated in the transportation process from the steel slag to the landfill site is referred to as the carbon emission;
the total carbon emission amount calculation rule of the carbon emission amount is that
CO 2 ＝CO 2-m +CO 2-p +CO 2-t -CO 2-a (1)
In the formula, CO 2-m Representing the carbon dioxide equivalent produced during the raw material production process; CO 2-p Represents the equivalent amount of carbon dioxide generated during the preparation of the curing agent; CO 2-t Representing the carbon dioxide equivalent produced during the transportation of the material; CO 2-a Represents carbon emissions that avoid steel slag landfills;
the carbon emission of the material production only considers cement, and the carbon emission amount calculation rule in the raw material production process is that
CO 2-m ＝W c ×CO 2-mf (2)
In which W is c Represents curing 1m 3 The amount of cement required by soft soil is t; CO 2-mf Represents the carbon emission factor in kg CO for cement production 2 eq/t；
The carbon emission in the preparation process of the curing agent comprises carbon emission generated by electric power in the grinding and carbonization processes of steel slag and carbon dioxide absorption of the steel slag, and the calculation rule is that
CO 2-p ＝E g ×CO 2-pf +E c ×CO 2-pf -W s ×CO 2 uptake (3)
Wherein E is g And E is c The power consumption of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process is respectively expressed in kWh; CO 2-pf Represents the electric carbon emission factor in kg CO2 eq/kWh; w (W) s The steel slag consumption of the curing agent required by curing 1m3 of soft soil is represented by the unit of t; CO 2 uptake represents the proportion of carbon dioxide absorption of steel slag to the steel slag consumption, and is measured by a thermogravimetric analysis test;
the calculation rule of the carbon emission in the material transportation process is that
Wherein D is i The transport distance of the ith material is in km; w (W) i Indicating the transport quantity of the ith material in kg; CO 2-ti Expressed as carbon dioxide equivalent per kg of material transport of 1km emissions in kg CO 2 eq/(t·km)。
In a specific embodiment, the economic index takes the production cost of the cement-steel slag curing agent as an influence index, and the production cost calculation rule comprises a raw material cost calculation rule, a transportation cost calculation rule, a curing agent preparation cost calculation rule and a cost for avoiding steel slag landfill;
the raw material cost comprises cement cost and steel slag cost;
the transportation cost comprises the cost of steel slag and cement transported to a factory;
the preparation cost of the curing agent comprises the electricity cost of grinding and carbonizing steel slag;
the cost of avoiding steel slag landfill includes the transportation cost of steel slag to a landfill site;
the total cost calculation rule of the production cost of the cement-steel slag curing agent is that
Cost＝Cost m +Cost p +Cost t -Cost a (5)
In the formula, cost m Representing raw material costs; cost (test) p Representing the preparation cost of the curing agent; cost (test) t Representing material transportation costs; cost (test) a Represents the cost of avoiding steel slag landfill;
the calculation rule of the raw material production cost is that
In which W is i Indicating the transport quantity of the ith material in kg; cost (test) mi A price per ton of the ith material;
the calculation rule of the preparation cost of the curing agent is that
Cost p ＝E g ×Cost pf +E c ×Cost pf (7)
Wherein E is g And E is c The power consumption of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process is respectively expressed in kWh; cost (test) pf And Cost pf The electric power price of the electric power consumption of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process is respectively represented;
the calculation rule of the material transportation cost is that
Wherein D is i The transport distance of the ith material is in km; w (W) i Indicating the transport quantity of the ith material in kg; cost (test) ti A price of 1km per ton of i-th material is transported.
In particular embodiments, the performance index comprises an unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil;
normalizing the environmental index, the economic index and the performance index by taking pure cement solidified soil as a reference to obtain the sustainable index;
the sustainable index calculation rule comprises a sustainable environment index calculation rule and a sustainable economic index calculation rule; the lower the sustainable index is, the better the sustainability of the solidified soil is; if the two index values are lower than 1, the scheme has better sustainability than that of the pure cement solidified soil, and can be used as a design scheme of preliminary screening to provide decision references for engineers;
the calculation rules of the sustainable environment index and the sustainable economic index are as follows
In the formula, SUI environment The sustainable environment index of the steel slag-cement solidified soft soil is represented; CO 2 A total carbon emission amount representing the carbon emission amount; SUI (SUI) economic The sustainable economic index of the steel slag-cement solidified soft soil is represented; cost represents the total Cost of the production Cost of the cement-steel slag curing agent; UCS represents unconfined compressive strength of cured soft soil, which is measured by unconfined compressive strength test after a certain curing time by mixing steel slag-cement curing agent, soft soil and water according to a designed proportion.
Specifically, in order to realize comprehensive decision analysis of the steel slag-cement solidified soft soil, a system is required to have stronger reasoning and calculating capability, so that the function of the system is enhanced by using a Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL), and the system is used for calculating carbon emission, production cost and sustainability indexes of the steel slag-cement solidified soft soil; SWRL can be combined with the elements defined in the ontology; there are typically four atoms in the SWRL rule, respectively: class atoms; individual Property atoms; data Valued Property atoms; building-in atoms, atoms are connected by "? "is used to represent a variable.
The specific implementation method comprises the following steps: the SWRL rule for calculating the carbon emission comprises a total carbon emission amount calculation rule (rule 1) of the carbon emission amount, a carbon emission amount calculation rule (rule 2) in the raw material production process, a carbon emission amount calculation rule (rule 3) in the material transportation process, a carbon emission amount calculation rule (rule 4) in the curing agent preparation process and a carbon emission amount calculation rule (rule 5) for avoiding steel slag landfill, as shown in table 1, through SWRL Tab plug-ins in a prot software platform;
TABLE 1 SWRL rules for calculating carbon emissions
Further, as shown in table 2, SWRL rules for calculating production costs obtained by formulating semantic web rules from the plurality of classes include a total cost calculation rule (rule 6) for the production costs of cement-steel slag curatives, a raw material cost calculation rule (rule 7), a curing agent preparation cost calculation rule (rule 8), and a transportation cost calculation rule (rule 9);
TABLE 2 SWRL rules to calculate production costs
Further, as shown in table 3, according to the plurality of classes, a semantic web rule is formulated to obtain SWRL rules for calculating sustainable indexes, wherein the SWRL rules for calculating sustainable indexes include a calculation rule (rule 10) for calculating sustainable environment indexes and a calculation rule (rule 11) for calculating sustainable economic indexes;
TABLE 3 SWRL rules to calculate sustainable metrics
Furthermore, the basic data is directly imported or manually added into each entity through a database, rule calling is carried out through SWRL Tab plug-in a prot e software platform, an ontology model is associated with SWRL rules, and a reasoning machine is operated to carry out rule reasoning calculation.
In a specific embodiment, the SQWRL is an extended ontology rule query language based on SWRL, and is compatible with the standard grammar of SWRL; after the rule reasoning calculation is carried out by the operation reasoning machine, as shown in fig. 5 to 6, information inquiry can be carried out through the SQWRL TAB plug-in according to design requirements; as shown in table 4, a query rule indicating carbon emissions, costs, sustainable environmental indicators, sustainable economic indicators for each design; as shown in table 5, a design query rule indicating a sustainable index less than 1;
TABLE 4 SQWRL rules for querying carbon emissions, cost, sustainable indicators
TABLE 5 SQWRL rules for schemes with query sustainability index less than 1
Each query rule can query the query carbon emission, cost and sustainable index under the corresponding basic data, and quantitatively acquire the basic data corresponding to the scheme with the sustainable index smaller than 1 according to the SQWRL rule query corresponding to the scheme with the sustainable index smaller than 1, so that the carbon footprint and cost can be reduced on the premise of meeting the performance requirement of the solidified soil, and the intelligent solidified soil decision design is realized.
Specifically, an example is described: the feasibility of sustainable evaluation of bulk-based cement-steel slag solidified soil is demonstrated by a solidified soil practical case. As shown in FIG. 4, in the case that the soft soil is taken from a large soft soil foundation, the raw materials of the curing agent are 42.5R Portland cement and Basic Oxygen Furnace Slag (BOFS). Four kinds of steel slag are prepared according to the fineness and the pre-carbonization degree of the steel slag. The steel slag grinding equipment is a ball mill with the working efficiency of 20-25t/h and the power of 1500 kW. Fine Steel Slag (FSS) was obtained by grinding Coarse Steel Slag (CSS) for 1 hour using a ball mill. Since steel slag with larger grain size is unfavorable for carbonation reaction, only FS is carbonized. Mixing FSS and water in certain amount, and placing into a reaction kettle with CO concentration of 99.9% 2 And (3) performing carbonation treatment under the environment of normal temperature and low pressure (the temperature is 25 ℃ and the pressure is 0.2 MPa), wherein the carbonation time is set to be 2 hours and 18 hours, and obtaining two kinds of steel slag of FSS-C-2h and FSS-C-18 h. The 4 kinds of prepared steel slag powder are mixed with cement according to the design proportion of the table 6 to prepare the steel slag-cement curing agent. The power consumption of cement production, curing agent preparation and carbon emission factors for heavy fuel truck transportation are shown in table 7. The material prices and transportation information are shown in table 8;
TABLE 6 design parameters and 60 day Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) for solidified soil 60d )
TABLE 7 carbon emission factor
TABLE 8 price and transportation information
According to the sample design in table 6, entities are created in the ontology model, and information such as the material usage, the transportation distance, the power consumption, etc. is input into each entity in the form of data attributes. The rules of tables 1 to 3 are entered in the SWRL plug-in and after completion the system will automatically generate new facts as shown in figure 3.
The designer may also input the rule language query specification results in the SQWRL TAB plug-in according to design requirements. Table 5 shows SQWRL rules for querying carbon emissions, costs, sustainable environmental metrics, sustainable economic metrics for each solution, and the query results are shown in fig. 5-7.
Executing the SQWRL rule of Table 6, results in a scheme with sustainable environmental index and sustainable economic index both less than 1, the results are shown in FIG. 8, where UCS represents unconfined compressive strength, SUI environment Representing sustainable environmental indicators, SUI economic The sustainable economic index is shown, and the cement-steel slag solidified soil with lower steel slag doping amount has better sustainability than the pure cement solidified soil, wherein S-FSS-C-18h-10 SUI Environment And SUI Economic Minimum of 0.818 and 0.854, indicating that the protocol is best sustainable.
The sustainable evaluation method for the cement-steel slag solidified soil provided by the invention verifies the feasibility of the carbonized steel slag as a green soft soil reinforcing material from the aspects of environmental influence, production cost and strength, and overcomes the design defect that only single index of the solidified soil performance is considered at present. The ontology system based on the prot software is simple to operate, and even a designer who does not master the ontology representation language can realize the establishment and reasoning of a knowledge base, so that the optimal design and the optimal direction are obtained from the macroscopic view, and the work efficiency of the designer is improved. The scientificity and practicability of the system are further verified through engineering examples. And various evaluation indexes are quantified by combining the body and SWRL rules, so that designers are helped to determine the influence of materials and processes on the sustainability of the solidified soil.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. The sustainable evaluation method of the cement-steel slag solidified soil based on the body is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1: setting cement-steel slag solidified soil basic data, wherein the basic data comprise raw material consumption, raw material transportation distance, steel slag grinding grade prepared by a solidifying agent and carbonization grade;
the basic data also comprise energy consumption, carbon emission and cost of the curing agent in the preparation stage;
step S2: setting evaluation indexes of the cement-steel slag solidified soil according to the basic data, wherein the evaluation indexes comprise environmental indexes, economic indexes, performance indexes and sustainable indexes;
defining a plurality of classes corresponding to the ontology model and attributes corresponding to the classes according to the evaluation index, wherein the attributes corresponding to the classes comprise object attributes and data type attributes;
the object attribute is used for defining the relation between classes;
the data type attribute is used for qualitatively or quantitatively describing entity properties of the category, wherein the entity properties comprise material weight, strength, carbon emission, price and energy information;
step S3: adopting semantic net rules to formulate evaluation index evaluation inference rules of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, wherein the evaluation rules comprise: carbon emission calculation rules, cost calculation rules and sustainable index calculation rules;
step S4: defining semantic web query rules according to the evaluation index evaluation reasoning rules of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, wherein the semantic web query rules comprise carbon emission, cost and sustainable index query rules and scheme query rules with sustainable indexes smaller than a preset value;
step S5: and assigning values to the classes according to parameters corresponding to the basic data, and evaluating inference rules according to the assigned classes, the attributes corresponding to the classes and the evaluation indexes of the cement-steel slag solidified soil to obtain the influence of the basic data to be evaluated on the sustainability of the solidified soil.
2. The method for continuously evaluating the cement-steel slag solidified soil based on the body according to claim 1, wherein the evaluation index defines a plurality of classes corresponding to the body model, including carbon emission class in the raw material production process of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, production cost class of the cement-steel slag solidifying agent, unconfined compressive strength class of the solidified soil and sustainable index class;
the carbon emission in the raw material production process of the cement-steel slag solidified soil comprises carbon emission in the raw material production process, carbon emission in the material transportation process, carbon emission in the curing agent preparation process and carbon emission for avoiding steel slag landfill;
the production cost of the cement-steel slag curing agent comprises raw material cost, transportation cost, curing agent preparation cost and steel slag landfill avoidance cost;
the sustainable indicator class comprises a sustainable environment indicator class and a sustainable economic indicator class.
3. The sustainable evaluation method for body-based cement-steel slag solidified soil according to claim 1, wherein the production grade categories prepared by the solidifying agent comprise elementary stream categories, process categories and product stream categories;
the elementary stream class includes two subclasses: resource class and emission class;
the resource class comprises energy and raw materials entering the production system from natural environment; the energy source comprises diesel oil, coal and electricity; the raw materials comprise cement and high-efficiency polymeric ferric chloride sulfate BOFS;
the emissions class includes emissions released from the production system into the air, water, or soil;
the process class includes lifecycle activities of the product, the lifecycle activities including production processes and transportation processes;
the product stream comprises an output product from a production process or production system, the output product comprising carbonized steel slag and a solidification agent.
4. The sustainable evaluation method for body-based cement-steel slag solidified soil according to claim 1, wherein the environmental index is an index with carbon emission as environmental impact;
the carbon emission calculation rules comprise a carbon emission calculation rule in the raw material production process of cement-steel slag solidified soil, a carbon emission calculation rule in the material transportation process, a carbon emission calculation rule in the curing agent preparation process and a carbon emission calculation rule for avoiding steel slag landfill;
the total carbon emission amount calculation rule of the carbon emission amount is that
CO 2 ＝CO 2-m +CO 2-p +CO 2-t -CO 2-a (1)
In the formula, CO 2-m Representing the carbon dioxide equivalent produced during the raw material production process; CO 2-p Represents the equivalent amount of carbon dioxide generated during the preparation of the curing agent; CO 2-t Representing the carbon dioxide equivalent produced during the transportation of the material; CO 2-a Represents carbon emissions that avoid steel slag landfills;
the carbon emission amount calculation rule in the raw material production process is that
CO 2-m ＝W c ×CO 2-mf (2)
In which W is c Represents curing 1m 3 The amount of cement required by soft soil is t; CO 2-mf Represents the carbon emission factor in kg CO for cement production 2 eq/t；
The carbon emission in the preparation process of the curing agent comprises carbon emission generated by electric power in the grinding and carbonization processes of steel slag and carbon dioxide absorption of the steel slag, and the calculation rule is that
CO 2-p ＝E g ×CO 2-pf +E c ×CO 2-pf -W s ×CO 2 uptake (3)
Wherein E is g And E is c The power consumption of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process is respectively expressed in kWh; CO 2-pf Represents the electric carbon emission factor in kgCO 2 eq/kWh；W s Represents curing 1m 3 The steel slag consumption of the curing agent required by soft soil is t; CO 2 uptake represents the proportion of the carbon dioxide absorption amount of the steel slag to the steel slag consumption;
the calculation rule of the carbon emission in the material transportation process is that
Wherein D is i The transport distance of the ith material is in km; w (W) i Indicating the transport quantity of the ith material in kg; CO 2-ti Expressed as carbon dioxide equivalent per kg of material transport of 1km emissions in kg CO 2 eq/(t·km)。
5. The sustainable evaluation method of cement-steel slag solidified soil based on a body according to claim 1, wherein the economic index takes the production cost of a cement-steel slag solidifying agent as an influence index, and the production cost calculation rule comprises a raw material cost calculation rule, a transportation cost calculation rule, a solidifying agent preparation cost calculation rule and a cost for avoiding steel slag landfill;
the raw material cost comprises cement cost and steel slag cost;
the transportation cost comprises the cost of steel slag and cement transported to a factory;
the preparation cost of the curing agent comprises the electricity cost of grinding and carbonizing steel slag;
the cost of avoiding steel slag landfill includes the transportation cost of steel slag to a landfill site;
the total cost calculation rule of the production cost of the cement-steel slag curing agent is that
Cost＝Cost m +Cost p +Cost t -Cost a (5)
In the formula, cost m Representing raw material costs; cost (test) p Representing the preparation cost of the curing agent; cost (test) t Representing material transportation costs; cost (test) a Represents the cost of avoiding steel slag landfill;
the calculation rule of the raw material production cost is that
In which W is i Indicating the transport quantity of the ith material in kg; cost (test) mi A price per ton of the ith material;
the calculation rule of the preparation cost of the curing agent is that
Cost p ＝E g ×Cost pf +E c ×Cost pf (7)
Wherein E is g And E is c The power consumption of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process is respectively expressed in kWh; cost (test) pf And Cost pf The electric power price of the electric power consumption of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process is respectively represented;
the calculation rule of the material transportation cost is that
Wherein D is i The transport distance of the ith material is in km; w (W) i Indicating the transport quantity of the ith material in kg; cost (test) ti A price of 1km per ton of i-th material is transported.
6. The method for continuously evaluating the body-based cement-steel slag solidified soil according to claim 1, wherein the performance index comprises unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil;
normalizing the environmental index, the economic index and the performance index by taking pure cement solidified soil as a reference to obtain the sustainable index;
the sustainable index calculation rule comprises a sustainable environment index calculation rule and a sustainable economic index calculation rule;
the calculation rules of the sustainable environment index and the sustainable economic index are as follows
In the formula, SUI environment The sustainable environment index of the steel slag-cement solidified soft soil is represented; CO 2 A total carbon emission amount representing the carbon emission amount; SUI (SUI) economic The sustainable economic index of the steel slag-cement solidified soft soil is represented; cost represents the total Cost of the production Cost of the cement-steel slag curing agent; UCS indicates unconfined compressive strength of the cured soft soil.
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