CN116430613A - Display module, driving method and display device - Google Patents

Abstract

The application discloses a display module, a driving method and a display device, and relates to the technical field of display; the display module comprises a first polaroid, a first light regulation layer and a second light regulation layer, wherein the first light regulation layer comprises vertical alignment areas and inclined alignment areas which are arranged at intervals; the second light ray regulation layer comprises a switching liquid crystal layer, a first control electrode and a second control electrode, the first control electrode is arranged on one side of the switching liquid crystal layer close to the first light ray regulation layer, the second control electrode is arranged on one side of the switching liquid crystal layer close to the display layer, third liquid crystal is arranged in the switching liquid crystal layer, and the first control electrode and the second control electrode are electrified to control deflection of the third liquid crystal; the display module of the display module is used for switching the peep-proof mode and the wide-view mode by controlling whether the first control electrode and the second control electrode are electrified or not, so that the use requirement of a user is met, and the use experience of the user is improved.

Description

Display module, driving method and display device

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display module, a driving method and a display device.

Background

With the continuous development of display technology, the visual angle of the display panel is wider and wider, and the visual angle of the current display panel is close to 180 degrees, so that a user can watch the content displayed by the display panel at all angles, and basically realize the viewing experience without dead angles, however, in public places, the privacy leakage of the user is also brought unnecessary trouble due to the increase of the visual angle.

At present, in order to avoid privacy disclosure, a peep-proof film is often added on a display screen to realize convergence of a visual angle, but the problems of display panel brightness reduction and poor display effect are also brought while effective peep-proof are solved, and the peep-proof film can only unidirectionally peep-proof, so that when a user needs to share display contents to other users, the peep-proof film cannot be switched back to a normal mode from the peep-proof mode, and the use experience of the user is reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the application is to provide a display module, a driving method and a display device, whether the first control electrode and the second control electrode are electrified or not is controlled to switch between a peep-proof mode and a wide-view mode, so that the use requirement of a user is met, and the use experience of the user is improved.

The application discloses a display module, including display layer, last polaroid and lower polaroid, go up the polaroid setting and be in the play plain noodles of display layer, lower polaroid sets up the income plain noodles of display layer, the absorption axis of going up the polaroid with the absorption axis of lower polaroid is perpendicular, the display module still includes first polaroid, first light regulation and control layer and second light regulation and control layer, first polaroid sets up down the polaroid is kept away from one side of display layer; the first light ray regulation layer is arranged on one side of the first polaroid, which is close to the lower polaroid, and comprises vertical alignment areas and inclined alignment areas which are arranged at intervals, wherein first liquid crystal is arranged in the vertical alignment areas, second liquid crystal is arranged in the inclined alignment areas, the first liquid crystal adopts vertical alignment, and the second liquid crystal adopts inclined alignment; the second light ray regulation layer is arranged on one side of the first light ray regulation layer, which is close to the display layer, and comprises a switching liquid crystal layer, a first control electrode and a second control electrode, wherein the first control electrode is arranged on one side of the switching liquid crystal layer, which is close to the first light ray regulation layer, the second control electrode is arranged on one side of the switching liquid crystal layer, which is close to the display layer, a third liquid crystal is arranged in the switching liquid crystal layer, and the first control electrode and the second control electrode are electrified to control the deflection of the third liquid crystal; when the display module is in a peep-proof mode, the first control electrode and the second control electrode are not electrified, and only the light rays in the inclined alignment area penetrate through the lower polarizer and are injected into the display layer; when the display module is in a wide view angle mode, the first control electrode and the second control electrode are electrified, and light rays in the inclined alignment area and the vertical alignment area penetrate through the lower polarizer and are injected into the display layer.

Optionally, the first light ray regulation layer further includes a transparent substrate layer disposed at intervals, the vertical alignment area is disposed between adjacent transparent substrate layers, and the inclined alignment area is disposed between the transparent substrate layer and the vertical alignment area.

Optionally, the transparent substrate layer has a triangular structure, and the second liquid crystal of the tilted alignment area is disposed on a bevel edge of the transparent substrate layer.

Optionally, the transparent substrate layer is in an isosceles trapezoid structure, the transparent substrate layer comprises a light transmission area and refraction areas positioned at two sides of the light transmission area, and the second liquid crystal of the inclined alignment area is arranged on the inclined edge of the transparent substrate layer.

Optionally, vertical alignment films are disposed on the upper and lower sides of the first light adjusting layer at positions corresponding to the vertical alignment areas.

Optionally, the third liquid crystal of the switching liquid crystal layer is a positive or negative liquid crystal, and an initial state of the third liquid crystal is vertical alignment.

Optionally, the absorption axis of the upper polarizer is 0 °, the absorption axis of the lower polarizer is 90 °, and the absorption axis of the first polarizer is 0 °.

Optionally, the inclination angle of the second liquid crystal is greater than or equal to 45 degrees.

The application also discloses a driving method, which is applied to the display module, and comprises the following steps:

in the peep-proof mode, the first control electrode and the second control electrode are not electrified, and the third liquid crystal is in an initial state;

in a wide viewing angle mode, the first control electrode and the second control electrode are energized, and the third liquid crystal is deflected;

when the display module is in the peep-proof mode, the first control electrode and the second control electrode are not electrified, the third liquid crystal of the switching liquid crystal layer is in an initial state, light rays corresponding to the vertical alignment area are absorbed by the lower polaroid, and light rays corresponding to the inclined alignment area are injected into the display layer; when the display module is in a wide viewing angle mode, the first control electrode and the second control electrode are electrified, the third liquid crystal of the switching liquid crystal layer deflects, and after light rays are injected into the switching liquid crystal layer, the polarization direction of the light rays is changed under the action of the third liquid crystal, so that the light rays corresponding to the vertical alignment area and the light rays corresponding to the inclined alignment area can both pass through the lower polarizer and are injected into the display layer.

The application also discloses a display device, including drive circuit and as above display module assembly, drive circuit drives the display module assembly.

The display module is used for controlling whether the first control electrode and the second control electrode are electrified or not so as to control the deflection condition of the third liquid crystal in the switching liquid crystal layer, thereby controlling whether the light rays corresponding to the vertical alignment area can pass through the first polaroid or not, realizing controlling the size of the area where the display layer can be shot by the light rays, realizing switching between the peep-proof mode and the wide view angle mode, enabling a user to switch between the peep-proof mode and the wide view angle mode according to the self watching requirement, meeting the use requirement of the user and providing the use experience of the user.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the application. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained from these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a first embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a second embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating a light path of a display module in a peep-proof mode according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a light path of a display module in a wide viewing angle mode according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is another schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a second embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a light path of another structure of a display module according to a second embodiment of the present application in a peep-proof mode;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating a light path of another structure of a display module according to a second embodiment of the present disclosure in a wide viewing angle mode;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a third embodiment of the present application;

fig. 9 is another schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a third embodiment of the present application;

fig. 10 is a step flow diagram of a driving method of a fourth embodiment of the present application;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present application.

100, a display module; 110. a display layer; 120. a polaroid is arranged on the upper surface of the substrate; 130. a lower polarizer; 140. a first polarizer; 200. a first light modulating layer; 210. a vertical alignment region; 211. a first liquid crystal; 220. a tilted alignment region; 221. a second liquid crystal; 230. a transparent base layer; 231. a light transmission region; 232. a refractive region; 240. an alignment film; 250. a first liquid crystal cell; 260. a spacer; 300. a second light modulating layer; 310. a first control electrode; 320. switching the liquid crystal layer; 321. a third liquid crystal; 330. a second control electrode; 400. a driving circuit; 500. a display device; 600. and a backlight module.

Detailed Description

It should be understood that the terminology, specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are merely representative for purposes of describing particular embodiments, but that the application may be embodied in many alternate forms and should not be construed as limited to only the embodiments set forth herein.

In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, unless otherwise indicated, features defining "first", "second" may include one or more such features either explicitly or implicitly; the meaning of "plurality" is two or more. The terms "comprises," "comprising," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof may be present or added.

In addition, terms of the azimuth or positional relationship indicated by "center", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., are described based on the azimuth or relative positional relationship shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present application, and do not indicate that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific azimuth, be configured and operated in a specific azimuth, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present application.

Furthermore, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intermediaries, or in communication with each other. The specific meaning of the terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as the case may be.

The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and optional embodiments, and it should be noted that, without conflict, new embodiments may be formed by any combination of the embodiments or technical features described below.

As shown in fig. 1, as a first embodiment of the present application, a display module 100 is disclosed, the display module 100 includes a display layer 110, an upper polarizer 120 and a lower polarizer 130, the upper polarizer 120 is disposed on a light exit surface of the display layer 110, the lower polarizer 130 is disposed on a light entrance surface of the display layer 110, an absorption axis of the upper polarizer 120 is perpendicular to an absorption axis of the lower polarizer 130, the display module 100 further includes a first polarizer 140, a first light modulation layer 200 and a second light modulation layer 300, the first polarizer 140 is disposed on a side of the lower polarizer 130 away from the display layer 110, the first light modulation layer 200 is disposed on a side of the first polarizer 140 close to the lower polarizer 130, the first light modulation layer 200 includes a vertical alignment area 210 and an inclined alignment area 220 disposed at intervals, a first liquid crystal is disposed in the vertical alignment area 210, a second liquid crystal 221 is disposed in the inclined alignment area 220, the first liquid crystal 211 adopts vertical alignment, the second liquid crystal 221 is disposed on a side of the second liquid crystal layer 321, the second liquid crystal layer is disposed on a side of the first electrode 320, the first electrode 320 is disposed on a side of the first electrode 320, and the first electrode 320 is disposed on a side of the first electrode 320 and the second electrode 320 is disposed on a side of the first electrode 310; when the display module 100 is in the peep-proof mode, the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are not energized, and only the light in the inclined alignment area 220 passes through the lower polarizer 130 and is injected into the display layer 110; when the display module 100 is in the wide viewing angle mode, the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are energized, and the light rays in the inclined alignment area 220 and the vertical alignment area 210 penetrate through the lower polarizer 130 and are injected into the display layer 110; the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320 may be a positive liquid crystal or a negative liquid crystal, and a designer may select according to actual needs, which is not limited herein.

When the display module 100 of the embodiment is in use, when the display module 100 is required to be in the peep-proof mode, the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are not energized, the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320 is in an initial state, that is, the third liquid crystal 321 is in a vertical state, and the polarization angle of the light is not changed when the light passes through the switching liquid crystal layer 320; the light emitted by the backlight module 600 passes through the first polarizer 140, is converted into light with a uniform polarization angle by the first polarizer 140, then enters the first light regulation layer 200, at this time, light corresponding to the vertical alignment area 210 and light corresponding to the inclined alignment area 220 exist, when the light corresponding to the vertical alignment area 210 passes through the vertical alignment area 210, the light is converted into elliptical polarized light from linear polarized light due to the fact that the first liquid crystal 211 of the vertical alignment area 210 is in a vertical alignment state, the light cannot change the polarization angle of the light when passing through the vertical alignment area 210, still remains to be emitted into the second light regulation layer 300 in a state after passing through the first polarizer 140, and then is absorbed by the lower polarizer 130, the light corresponding to the inclined alignment area 220 is in an inclined alignment state when passing through the inclined alignment area 220, and the light can be subjected to double refraction under the action of the second liquid crystal 221 so as to change the polarization angle of the light, and meanwhile, the light can be scattered, when the light passes through the inclined alignment area 220, the second liquid crystal 221 is in an elliptical polarized light regulation and control layer, the quantity of the light can be observed into a vertical polarized light regulation layer 100 under the action of the corresponding to the vertical alignment layer 110, so that the quantity of the number of the polarized light can not be observed in the vertical alignment layer 110 is displayed, and the number of the vertical polarized light can be observed, and the number of the vertical polarized light can be displayed in the display layer is not be converted into the vertical viewing mode, and the corresponding to the display mode, and the display mode can be displayed;

when the display module 100 is required to be in the wide viewing angle mode, the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are energized, the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320 is deflected, i.e. the third liquid crystal 321 is in an inclined state, and the polarization angle of the light is changed when the light passes through the switching liquid crystal layer 320; the light emitted from the backlight module 600 passes through the first polarizer 140, is converted into light with a uniform polarization angle by the first polarizer 140, then enters the first light modulation layer 200, and has light corresponding to the vertical alignment region 210 and light corresponding to the inclined alignment region 220, when the light corresponding to the vertical alignment region 210 passes through the vertical alignment region 210, the light does not change the polarization angle of the light when passing through the vertical alignment region 210 because the first liquid crystal 211 of the vertical alignment region 210 is in a vertical alignment state, remains to be in a state of passing through the first polarizer 140, enters the second light modulation layer 300, then enters the switching liquid crystal layer 320, is subjected to double refraction under the action of the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320 to change the polarization angle of the light, so that the light is converted from linearly polarized light to elliptically polarized light, and is scattered, the second light modulation layer 300 is then emitted to be incident on the lower polarizer 130, the light is converted from elliptically polarized light into linearly polarized light to be incident on the display layer 110 under the action of the lower polarizer 130, the light corresponding to the tilt alignment region 220 is converted from elliptically polarized light into linearly polarized light to be incident on the lower polarizer 130 under the action of the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320, the light is converted from elliptically polarized light into linearly polarized light to be incident on the display layer 110 under the action of the lower polarizer 130 because the second liquid crystal 221 of the tilt alignment region 220 is in the tilt alignment state, the light is converted into elliptically polarized light under the action of the second liquid crystal 221 to be incident on the display layer 110 to form a picture display, at this time, the light rays corresponding to the vertical alignment area 210 and the light rays corresponding to the inclined alignment area 220 are scattered under the action of the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320, so that the number of the light rays corresponding to the vertical alignment area 210 and the number of the light rays corresponding to the inclined alignment area 220 in the display layer 110 are equal, and the wide viewing angle mode of the display module 100 is realized, so that a user can watch display contents from various angles without affecting the watching contents;

in the display module 100 of the embodiment, whether the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are electrified or not is controlled to control the deflection condition of the third liquid crystal 321 in the switching liquid crystal layer 320, so as to control whether the light corresponding to the vertical alignment area 210 can pass through the first polarizer 140, thereby realizing the control of the size of the area where the display layer 110 can be shot by the light, and further realizing the switching of the display module 100 between the peep-proof mode and the wide view angle mode, so that a user can switch between the peep-proof mode and the wide view angle mode according to the self-watching requirement, the use requirement of the user is met, and the use experience of the user is provided; it should be noted that, the first polarizer 140 is configured to convert light provided by the backlight module 600 into linearly polarized light, and an absorption axis of the first polarizer 140 is perpendicular to an absorption axis of the lower polarizer 130, so that the linearly polarized light passing through the first polarizer 140 can be absorbed by the lower polarizer 130 without changing the polarization state again; in this embodiment, the absorption axis of the first polarizer 140 is 0 °, the absorption axis of the lower polarizer 130 is 90 °, and the absorption axis of the upper polarizer 120 is 0 °.

Further, the vertical alignment films 240 are disposed on the upper and lower sides of the first light adjusting layer 200 corresponding to the vertical alignment areas 210, and the vertical alignment of the first liquid crystal 211 is achieved by using the strong anchoring alignment films 240, where the function of obtaining the strong anchoring energy can be achieved by improving the friction strength of the alignment films 240 or increasing the light volume, or can be achieved by using materials, so that the surface molecular structures of the alignment films 240 are different, the larger the polarity of the surface molecules is, the larger the acting force between the surface molecules and the first liquid crystal 211 is, and the larger the anchoring energy is, thereby achieving the vertically aligned first liquid crystal 211.

As shown in fig. 2 to 7, as a second embodiment of the present application, which is a modification of the first embodiment of the present application, a display module 100 is disclosed, the first light modulation layer 200 further includes transparent substrate layers 230 disposed at intervals, the vertical alignment regions 210 are disposed between adjacent transparent substrate layers 230, and the inclined alignment regions 220 are disposed between the transparent substrate layers 230 and the vertical alignment regions 210, wherein the transparent substrate layers 230 may have a triangular structure or an isosceles trapezoid structure, and it should be noted that the transparent substrate layers 230 may be made of transparent glass so as to maintain good light transmittance;

as shown in fig. 2, when the transparent substrate layer 230 has a triangular structure, the second liquid crystal 221 of the tilt alignment region 220 is disposed on the oblique side of the transparent substrate layer 230, so that when the first light modulation layer 200 is formed, the position of the transparent substrate layer 230 can be fixed first, then the second liquid crystal 221 of the tilt alignment region 220 is tilted to the oblique side of the transparent substrate layer 230, so that the second liquid crystal 221 can form tilt alignment, and the adjacent second liquid crystal 221 can also be caused to form tilt alignment under the intermolecular force, and then the alignment film 240 with strong anchoring energy is disposed at the position corresponding to the vertical alignment region 210, so that the first liquid crystal 211 of the vertical alignment region 210 can maintain vertical alignment under the strong anchoring energy and can not be affected by the force of the adjacent second liquid crystal 221 to generate tilt rotation; when the display module 100 is in use, when the display module 100 is in the peep-proof mode, the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are not energized, the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320 is in an initial state, the light passes through the first polarizer 140 and then is converted into light with a uniform polarization angle by the first polarizer 140, then the light enters the first light adjusting layer 200, there are light corresponding to the vertical alignment area 210 and light corresponding to the inclined alignment area 220, when the light corresponding to the vertical alignment area 210 passes through the vertical alignment area 210, since the first liquid crystal 211 of the vertical alignment area 210 is in a vertical alignment state, the light does not change the polarization angle of the light when passing through the vertical alignment area 210, and still remains in a state of passing through the first polarizer 140 and then is injected into the second light adjusting layer 300, light rays corresponding to the inclined alignment area 220 are firstly absorbed by the lower polarizer 130 and then enter the transparent substrate layer 230 with a triangular structure, then are emitted out of the transparent substrate layer 230, when the transparent substrate layer 230 is emitted out, the light rays are refracted to change the propagation path of the light rays due to being emitted out of the oblique side, then enter the inclined alignment area 220, the light rays are birefringent under the action of the second liquid crystal 221 of the inclined alignment area 220 to change the polarization angle of the light rays, so that the light rays are converted into elliptical polarized light from linear polarized light, and meanwhile, the light rays are scattered, then the light rays are emitted into the second light ray regulation layer 300, and the light rays are converted into linear polarized light from elliptical polarized light to be emitted into the display layer 110 under the action of the lower polarizer 130, so that a picture display is formed, and a peep-proof mode of the display module 100 is formed, as shown in fig. 3; when the display module 100 is in the wide viewing angle mode, the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are energized, the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320 deflects, the light passes through the first polarizer 140, and then is converted into light with a uniform polarization angle by the first polarizer 140, and then enters the first light modulation layer 200, the light corresponding to the vertical alignment area 210 passes through the vertical alignment area 210, since the first liquid crystal 211 of the vertical alignment area 210 is in the vertical alignment state, the polarization angle of the light is not changed when the light passes through the vertical alignment area 210, and still remains to be incident to the second light modulation layer 300 after passing through the first polarizer 140, and then enters the switching liquid crystal layer 320, and double refraction occurs under the action of the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320 to change the polarization angle of the light, light is converted from linearly polarized light into elliptically polarized light while light is scattered, and then is emitted out of the second light modulation layer 300 to be incident into the lower polarizer 130, light is converted from elliptically polarized light into linearly polarized light by the lower polarizer 130 to be incident into the display layer 110, light corresponding to the tilt alignment region 220 is firstly incident into the transparent base layer 230 having a triangular structure, and then is emitted out of the transparent base layer 230, light is refracted to change the propagation path of light due to emission from the hypotenuse while the transparent base layer 230 is emitted, and then enters into the tilt alignment region 220, light is birefringent to change the polarization angle of light due to the second liquid crystal 221 of the tilt alignment region 220, light is converted from linearly polarized light into elliptically polarized light while light is scattered, and then is emitted into the second light modulation layer 300, light is scattered to be incident on the lower polarizer 130 under the action of the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320, and is converted from elliptical polarized light to linear polarized light to be incident on the display layer 110 under the action of the lower polarizer 130, so that a picture display is formed, and a wide viewing angle mode of the display module 100 is formed, as shown in fig. 4; it should be noted that, when the transparent substrate layer 230 has a triangular structure, the included angles between the oblique sides and the bottom sides of the two sides of the transparent substrate layer 230 are equal, and the included angle is preferably 45 degrees, so that the inclined angle of the second liquid crystal 221 in the inclined alignment region 220 is also kept at 45 degrees, but the included angle is not limited to 45 degrees, and may be greater than 45 degrees, so that the inclined angle of the second liquid crystal 221 is kept at 45 degrees or more;

as shown in fig. 5, when the transparent substrate layer 230 is in an isosceles trapezoid structure, the transparent substrate layer 230 includes a light-transmitting region 231 and refraction regions 232 located at two sides of the light-transmitting region 231, the second liquid crystal 221 of the inclined alignment region 220 is disposed on the oblique side of the transparent substrate layer 230, when the display module 100 is in use, as shown in fig. 6, when the display module 100 is in a peep-proof mode, the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are not energized, the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320 is in an initial state, after passing through the first polarizer 140, the light is converted into light with a uniform polarization angle by the first polarizer 140, and then the light enters the first light-regulating layer 200, at this time, there is light corresponding to the vertical alignment region 210, light corresponding to the inclined alignment region 220 and light corresponding to the light-transmitting region 231, and light corresponding to the vertical alignment region 210 passes through the vertical alignment region 210, since the first liquid crystal 211 of the homeotropic alignment region 210 is in a homeotropic alignment state, the light does not change the polarization angle of the light while passing through the homeotropic alignment region 210, and still remains in a state of being incident into the second light modulating layer 300 after passing through the first polarizer 140, and then being absorbed by the lower polarizer 130, and the light corresponding to the tilted alignment region 220 is first incident into the refractive region 232 of the transparent matrix layer 230, and then exits the refractive region 232 of the transparent matrix layer 230, and when exiting the refractive region 232 of the transparent matrix layer 230, the light is refracted to change the propagation path of the light due to the emission of the hypotenuse, and then enters the tilted alignment region 220, the light is birefringent to change the polarization angle of the light due to the second liquid crystal 221 of the tilted alignment region 220, so that the light is converted from linearly polarized light to elliptically polarized light, and at the same time the light is scattered, the light is then incident into the second light modulation layer 300, the light is converted from elliptical polarized light to linear polarized light under the action of the lower polarizer 130, so as to be incident into the display layer 110, finally, the light corresponding to the light transmitting region 231 does not change the polarization angle of the light when passing through the light transmitting region 231, still keeps the state of passing through the first polarizer 140, and is incident into the second light modulation layer 300, and then is absorbed by the lower polarizer 130, at this time, the number of light corresponding to the light transmitting region 231 and the corresponding vertical alignment region 210 in the display layer 110 is obviously smaller than that of light corresponding to the display layer 110 of the inclined alignment region 220, and even no light exists at the position of the display layer 110 corresponding to the light transmitting region 231 and the position corresponding to the vertical alignment region 210, so that the position of the display layer 110 corresponding to the light transmitting region 231 and the position corresponding to the vertical alignment region 210 are displayed in a dark state, the light transmitting region 231 and the vertical alignment region 210 are arranged at intervals, and the peep-proof effect of the display module 100 is better, and the display is finer; when the display module 100 is in the wide viewing angle mode, as shown in fig. 7, the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are energized, the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320 deflects, the light passes through the first polarizer 140, and then is converted into light with a uniform polarization angle by the first polarizer 140, and then enters the first light modulation layer 200, the light corresponding to the vertical alignment area 210 is in a vertical alignment state when passing through the vertical alignment area 210, the polarization angle of the light is not changed when passing through the vertical alignment area 210, remains as it passes through the first polarizer 140, and is injected into the second light modulation layer 300, and then enters the switching liquid crystal layer 320, and is birefringent under the action of the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320 to change the polarization angle of the light, so that the light is converted from linear polarized light into elliptical polarized light, light is scattered and then emitted out of the second light modulation layer 300 to be incident on the lower polarizer 130, light is converted from elliptically polarized light to linearly polarized light to be incident on the lower polarizer 130, light corresponding to the light-transmitting region 231 is not changed in polarization angle when passing through the light-transmitting region 231, remains in a state of passing through the first polarizer 140 to be incident on the second light modulation layer 300, then enters into the switching liquid crystal layer 320, is birefringent to change the polarization angle of light by the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320, is converted from linearly polarized light to elliptically polarized light, and is scattered, then emitted out of the second light modulation layer 300 to be incident on the lower polarizer 130, light is converted from elliptically polarized light to linearly polarized light to be incident on the display layer 110 under the action of the lower polarizer 130, finally, the light corresponding to the tilted alignment area 220 enters the refraction area 232 of the transparent substrate layer 230, then exits the refraction area 232 of the transparent substrate layer 230, when exiting the refraction area 232 of the transparent substrate layer 230, the light is refracted to change the propagation path of the light due to the emission from the oblique side, then enters the tilted alignment area 220, and is birefringent under the action of the second liquid crystal 221 of the tilted alignment area 220 to change the polarization angle of the light, so that the light is converted from linear polarized light to elliptical polarized light, and at the same time, the light is scattered, and then enters the second light modulation layer 300, the light is scattered under the action of the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320, and then exits the second light modulation layer 300 to enter the lower polarizer 130, and the light is converted from elliptical polarized light to linear polarized light to enter the display layer 110 under the action of the lower polarizer 130, so as to form a wide viewing angle mode of the display module 100.

As shown in fig. 8, as a third embodiment of the present application, which is a modification of the second embodiment of the present application, a display module 100 is disclosed, further comprising a first liquid crystal cell 250, wherein the first liquid crystal cell 250 is disposed in the vertical alignment area 210, and a first liquid crystal 211 of the vertical alignment area 210 is disposed in the first liquid crystal cell 250, so that the first liquid crystal 211 which is vertically aligned in the vertical alignment area 210 can be first fabricated in the first liquid crystal cell 250, and then is assembled into the first light modulation layer 200, so as to facilitate separation of the vertically aligned first liquid crystal 211 and the obliquely aligned second liquid crystal 221, and avoid that when the first liquid crystal 211 and the second liquid crystal 221 are disposed, the first liquid crystal 211 and the second liquid crystal 221 are mutually affected under intermolecular forces to cause alignment disorder of the adjacent first liquid crystal 211 and the second liquid crystal 221, thereby causing a problem of poor display effect; of course, a spacer 260 may be additionally disposed between the first liquid crystal 211 and the second liquid crystal 221 to separate the first liquid crystal 211 from the second liquid crystal 221, as shown in fig. 9, the spacer 260 is made of a glass substrate with a right triangle shape, and the spacer 260 separates the first liquid crystal 211 and the second liquid crystal 221 to avoid mutual influence of the first liquid crystal 211 and the second liquid crystal 221 when disposed.

As shown in fig. 10, as a fourth embodiment of the present application, a driving method is disclosed, which is applied to the display module 100 described in the above embodiment, and includes the steps of:

in the peep-proof mode, the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are not energized, and the third liquid crystal 321 is in an initial state;

in the wide viewing angle mode, the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are energized, and the third liquid crystal 321 is deflected;

when the display module 100 is in the peep-proof mode, the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are not energized, the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320 is in an initial state, the light corresponding to the vertical alignment area 210 is absorbed by the lower polarizer 130, the light corresponding to the inclined alignment area 220 is injected into the display layer 110, when the display module 100 is in the wide viewing angle mode, the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are energized, the third liquid crystal 321 of the switching liquid crystal layer 320 deflects, and after the light is injected into the switching liquid crystal layer 320, the polarization direction of the light is changed under the action of the third liquid crystal 321, so that the light corresponding to the vertical alignment area 210 and the light corresponding to the inclined alignment area 220 can both pass through the lower polarizer 130 and be injected into the display layer 110. According to the driving method of the embodiment, whether the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are electrified or not is controlled to control the deflection condition of the third liquid crystal 321 in the switching liquid crystal layer 320, so as to control whether the light corresponding to the vertical alignment area 210 can pass through the first polarizer 140, thereby realizing the control of the size of the area of the display layer 110, into which the light can be injected, and further realizing the switching of the display module 100 between the peep-proof mode and the wide view angle mode, so that a user can switch between the peep-proof mode and the wide view angle mode according to the self-watching requirement, the use requirement of the user is met, and the use experience of the user is provided.

As shown in fig. 11, as a fifth embodiment of the present application, a display apparatus 500 is disclosed, the display apparatus 500 including a driving circuit 400 and the display module 100 as described in the above embodiment, the driving circuit 400 driving the display module 100; in the display device 500 of this embodiment, whether the first control electrode 310 and the second control electrode 330 are electrified or not is controlled to control the deflection condition of the third liquid crystal 321 in the switching liquid crystal layer 320, so as to control whether the light corresponding to the vertical alignment area 210 can pass through the first polarizer 140, so as to control the size of the area where the display layer 110 can be injected by the light, thereby realizing the switching of the display module 100 between the peep-proof mode and the wide viewing angle mode, enabling the user to switch between the peep-proof mode and the wide viewing angle mode according to the viewing requirement of the user, meeting the use requirement of the user, and providing the use experience of the user.

It should be noted that, the limitation of each step in the present solution is not to be considered as limiting the sequence of steps on the premise of not affecting the implementation of the specific solution, and the steps written in the previous step may be executed before, may be executed after, or may even be executed simultaneously, so long as the implementation of the present solution is possible, all should be considered as falling within the protection scope of the present application.

The technical scheme of the application can be widely applied to various display panels, such as TN (Twisted Nematic) display panels, IPS (In-Plane Switching) display panels, VA (Vertical Alignment) display panels, MVA (Multi-Domain Vertical Alignment) display panels, and of course, other types of display panels, such as OLED (Organic Light-Emitting Diode) display panels, can be also applied to the scheme.

It should be noted that, the inventive concept of the present application may form a very large number of embodiments, but the application documents have limited space and cannot be listed one by one, so that on the premise of no conflict, the above-described embodiments or technical features may be arbitrarily combined to form new embodiments, and after the embodiments or technical features are combined, the original technical effects will be enhanced.

The foregoing is a further detailed description of the present application in connection with specific alternative embodiments, and it is not intended that the practice of the present application be limited to such descriptions. It should be understood that those skilled in the art to which the present application pertains may make several simple deductions or substitutions without departing from the spirit of the present application, and all such deductions or substitutions should be considered to be within the scope of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a display module assembly, includes display layer, goes up polaroid and lower polaroid, go up the polaroid setting and be in the play plain noodles of display layer, lower polaroid setting is in the income plain noodles of display layer, go up the absorption axis of polaroid with the absorption axis of lower polaroid is perpendicular, its characterized in that, display module assembly still includes:

the first polaroid is arranged on one side of the lower polaroid, which is far away from the display layer;

the first light ray regulation and control layer is arranged on one side, close to the lower polarizer, of the first polarizer, and comprises vertical alignment areas and inclined alignment areas which are arranged at intervals, wherein first liquid crystals are arranged in the vertical alignment areas, second liquid crystals are arranged in the inclined alignment areas, the first liquid crystals adopt vertical alignment, and the second liquid crystals adopt inclined alignment; and

the second light ray regulation layer is arranged on one side of the first light ray regulation layer, which is close to the display layer, and comprises a switching liquid crystal layer, a first control electrode and a second control electrode, wherein the first control electrode is arranged on one side of the switching liquid crystal layer, which is close to the first light ray regulation layer, the second control electrode is arranged on one side of the switching liquid crystal layer, which is close to the display layer, and a third liquid crystal is arranged in the switching liquid crystal layer, and the first control electrode and the second control electrode are electrified to control the deflection of the third liquid crystal;

when the display module is in a peep-proof mode, the first control electrode and the second control electrode are not electrified, and only the light rays in the inclined alignment area penetrate through the lower polarizer and are injected into the display layer; when the display module is in a wide view angle mode, the first control electrode and the second control electrode are electrified, and light rays in the inclined alignment area and the vertical alignment area penetrate through the lower polarizer and are injected into the display layer.

2. The display module of claim 1, wherein the first light modulation layer further comprises transparent substrate layers disposed at intervals, the vertical alignment regions are disposed between adjacent transparent substrate layers, and the inclined alignment regions are disposed between the transparent substrate layers and the vertical alignment regions.

3. The display module of claim 2, wherein the transparent substrate layer has a triangular structure, and the second liquid crystal of the tilted alignment area is disposed on a bevel of the transparent substrate layer.

4. The display module of claim 2, wherein the transparent substrate layer has an isosceles trapezoid structure, the transparent substrate layer includes a light-transmitting region and refractive regions located at two sides of the light-transmitting region, and the second liquid crystal of the tilted alignment region is disposed on a bevel of the transparent substrate layer.

5. The display module of claim 1, wherein vertical alignment films are disposed on the upper and lower sides of the first light modulation layer at positions corresponding to the vertical alignment areas.

6. The display module of claim 1, wherein the third liquid crystal of the switching liquid crystal layer is a positive or negative liquid crystal, and an initial state of the third liquid crystal is a vertical alignment.

7. The display module of claim 1, wherein the absorption axis of the upper polarizer is 0 °, the absorption axis of the lower polarizer is 90 °, and the absorption axis of the first polarizer is 0 °.

8. The display module of claim 1, wherein the tilt angle of the second liquid crystal is greater than or equal to 45 degrees.

9. A driving method applied to the display module set according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

in the peep-proof mode, the first control electrode and the second control electrode are not electrified, and the third liquid crystal is in an initial state;

in a wide viewing angle mode, the first control electrode and the second control electrode are energized, and the third liquid crystal is deflected;

when the display module is in the peep-proof mode, the first control electrode and the second control electrode are not electrified, the third liquid crystal of the switching liquid crystal layer is in an initial state, light rays corresponding to the vertical alignment area are absorbed by the lower polaroid, and light rays corresponding to the inclined alignment area are injected into the display layer; when the display module is in a wide viewing angle mode, the first control electrode and the second control electrode are electrified, the third liquid crystal of the switching liquid crystal layer deflects, and after light rays are injected into the switching liquid crystal layer, the polarization direction of the light rays is changed under the action of the third liquid crystal, so that the light rays corresponding to the vertical alignment area and the light rays corresponding to the inclined alignment area can both pass through the lower polarizer and are injected into the display layer.

10. A display device comprising a driving circuit and the display module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the driving circuit drives the display module.

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