CN116430325A - System and method for generating chirp radar signal with adjustable duty ratio - Google Patents

System and method for generating chirp radar signal with adjustable duty ratio Download PDF

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CN116430325A
CN116430325A CN202310391880.9A CN202310391880A CN116430325A CN 116430325 A CN116430325 A CN 116430325A CN 202310391880 A CN202310391880 A CN 202310391880A CN 116430325 A CN116430325 A CN 116430325A
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modulator
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chirp
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digital signal
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朱文杰
杨淑娜
池灏
陈邵
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Hangzhou Dianzi University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
    • G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
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Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for generating a chirp radar signal with an adjustable duty ratio, wherein the system comprises a continuous light laser, a double-drive double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator, a photoelectric detector, a band-pass filter, a digital signal generator and an arbitrary waveform generator; an optical signal generated by the continuous optical laser is input into an upper arm sub-modulator and a lower arm sub-modulator of double-drive double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulation; the digital signal generator generates a digital signal and inputs the digital signal into one radio frequency input port of the upper arm sub-modulator, and the other radio frequency input port of the upper arm sub-modulator is empty; the random waveform generator generates two baseband chirp signals with an initial phase difference of 180 degrees and respectively inputs the two baseband chirp signals into two radio frequency input ports of the lower arm sub-modulator; the modulated optical signals of the double-drive double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulation output end enter a photoelectric detector to carry out square rate detection and convert the square rate detection into electric signals; the detected electric signal passes through a band-pass filter to obtain the chirp radar signal with adjustable duty ratio.

Description

System and method for generating chirp radar signal with adjustable duty ratio
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave photonics, and particularly relates to a chirp radar signal generation system and method with an adjustable duty ratio.
Background
Linearly chirped radio frequency waveforms are widely used in radar systems for their excellent pulse compression capability to improve detection range and range resolution. In recent years, the generation of chirp signals in the optical domain has many advantages such as large bandwidth, low loss and electromagnetic interference resistance, and the linear chirp microwave waveform generation technology in the field of photonics has been attracting attention.
The linear chirp signal has smaller distortion rate in a high frequency band and has stronger restorability and anti-interference capability. The optical frequency doubling technology can double the frequency of the chirp signal, and plays an important role in improving the performance of a modern radar system. The bandwidth of the radar detection signal is doubled, so that the detection capability of the radar can be remarkably improved. (K.Zhang, S.Zhao, Y.Li, X.Li, T.Lin, W.Jiang, G.Wang, and H.Li, "photo-based dual-chirp microwave waveforms generation with multi-carrier frequency and large time-bandwidth product," Opt.Commun.474,126076 (2020)) literature proposes a new method for generating frequency and bandwidth multiplied chirped microwave signals using an integrated dual-polarized quadrature phase shift keying (DP-QPSK) modulator. But this solution has the problem of being sensitive to the environment and difficult to implement. In the current system for generating the frequency multiplication bandwidth radar signal, the duty ratio of the finally generated chirp signal is difficult to adjust. If the continuous chirp signal is to be transmitted in the form of pulses, it needs to be truncated before the signal is transmitted, which greatly increases the cost and complexity of the system. The present invention is therefore directed to improving these technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a system and a method for generating a frequency doubling multiple bandwidth chirp radar signal with an adjustable duty ratio.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a system for generating a chirp radar signal with an adjustable duty ratio comprises a continuous light laser, a double-drive double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator, a photoelectric detector, a band-pass filter, a digital signal generator and an arbitrary waveform generator; the dual-drive dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator comprises an upper arm sub-modulator and a lower arm sub-modulator; an optical signal generated by the continuous optical laser is input into an upper arm sub-modulator and a lower arm sub-modulator of double-drive double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulation; the digital signal generator generates a digital signal and inputs the digital signal into one radio frequency input port of the upper arm sub-modulator, and the other radio frequency input port of the upper arm sub-modulator is empty; the random waveform generator generates two baseband chirp signals with an initial phase difference of 180 degrees and respectively inputs the two baseband chirp signals into two radio frequency input ports of the lower arm sub-modulator; the modulated optical signals of the double-drive double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulation output end enter a photoelectric detector to carry out square rate detection and convert the square rate detection into electric signals; the detected electric signal passes through a band-pass filter to obtain a frequency multiplication bandwidth chirp radar signal with adjustable duty ratio.
Further, the main DC bias of the dual-drive dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-MZM is set to V π The DC bias of the first DDMZM of the upper arm sub-modulator is set to 2V π The DC bias of the second DDMZM of the lower arm sub-modulator is set to 2V π ，V π Half-wave voltages for the dual-drive dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-MZM and the sub-modulator.
Further, the carrier frequencies, bandwidths and amplitudes of the two paths of chirp signals generated by the arbitrary waveform generator are equal.
Further, the amplitude of the chirp signal and the amplitude of the digital signal satisfy: gamma = pi/2,2J 0 (m) =1. Wherein γ=pi V 1 /V π For the modulation factor of the digital signal, m=pi V 2 /V π For the modulation factor of the chirp signal, V 1 、V 2 Amplitude of digital signal and chirp signal, respectively, J n () Representing a first type of bessel function.
Further, the first DDMZM of the upper arm sub-modulator outputs a digital signal modulated by an optical carrier and the optical carrier, and the second DDMZM of the lower arm sub-modulator outputs a chirp signal for suppressing odd sidebands. The optical carrier components output by the two sub-modulators are equal in size and opposite in direction.
Further, in the output signal of the dual-drive dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-MZM, the optical carrier is suppressed, and the output signal includes a digital signal modulated by the optical carrier, chirped sidebands of positive and negative second order, and a clutter signal of higher order.
The invention also provides a chirp radar signal generating method with adjustable duty ratio, which comprises the following steps:
s1, inputting an optical signal generated by a continuous optical laser into a double-drive double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-MZM), and respectively entering a first double-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator (DDMZM) of an upper arm sub-modulator and a second DDMZM of a lower arm sub-modulator;
s2, a digital signal generator is used as a digital signal source to generate a digital signal and input the digital signal into one radio frequency input port of the first DDMZM of the upper arm sub-modulator, and the other radio frequency input port of the first DDMZM of the upper arm sub-modulator is empty;
s3, using an arbitrary waveform generator as a chirp signal source to generate two paths of chirp signals with initial phase difference of 180 degrees, and respectively inputting the two paths of chirp signals into two radio frequency input ports of a second DDMZM of the lower arm sub-modulator;
s4, the modulated signals output by the double-drive double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-MZM enter a photoelectric detector to be subjected to square rate detection and converted into electric signals;
s5, the detected electric signal enters a band-pass filter to filter out unnecessary frequency components, and the frequency multiplication multiple bandwidth chirp radar signal with the adjustable duty ratio is obtained.
The method solves the problem that the duty ratio of the signal generated in the existing chirp radar signal generation technology is not easy to adjust, can double the carrier frequency and the bandwidth of the chirp radar signal, and obviously improves the time-bandwidth product of the generated chirp radar detection signal, thereby greatly improving the performance of the chirp radar detection system. The invention does not relate to polarization control and optical filtering technology and has the advantages of simple structure and easy operation.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for generating a duty-cycle-adjustable frequency-doubling bandwidth chirp radar signal according to a preferred embodiment;
1, a continuous light laser; 2. a dual-drive dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator DP-MZM (including a sub-modulator first DDMZM (2 a), a sub-modulator second DDMZM (2 b)); 3. a photodetector; 4. a band-pass filter; 5. a digital signal generator; 6. an arbitrary waveform generator;
fig. 2 is a schematic spectrum diagram of an input chirp signal of a system for generating a duty cycle adjustable frequency multiplication bandwidth chirp radar signal according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an output electrical signal of a system for generating a duty cycle-adjustable frequency-doubling bandwidth chirp radar signal according to the present invention.
(a) Representing a spectrogram of the chirp signal of the output end when the input digital signal of the system is 0; (b) Representing a spectrogram of the chirp signal of the output end when the input digital signal of the system is 1; (c) The time domain waveforms of the chirp signals with duty ratios of 1/10, 3/10 and 1/2 respectively, which are respectively output by the output terminal in three periods.
Detailed Description
Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art and provides a method and a system for generating a duty cycle-adjustable frequency multiplication bandwidth chirp radar signal.
The structure of a chirp radar signal generating system with adjustable duty ratio in a preferred embodiment is shown in fig. 1, which comprises a continuous optical laser 1, a dual-drive dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator 2, a photoelectric detector 3, a band-pass filter 4, a digital signal generator 5 and an arbitrary waveform generator 6; the dual-drive dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator 2 includes an upper arm sub-modulator 2a, a lower arm sub-modulator 2b; the optical signal generated by the continuous optical laser 1 is input to an upper arm sub-modulator 2a and a lower arm sub-modulator 2b of the dual-drive dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulation 2; the digital signal generator 5 generates a digital signal and inputs the digital signal to one radio frequency input port of the upper arm sub-modulator 2a, and the other radio frequency input port of the upper arm sub-modulator 2a is empty; the arbitrary waveform generator 6 generates two baseband chirp signals with an initial phase difference of 180 degrees and respectively inputs the two baseband chirp signals into two radio frequency input ports of the lower arm sub-modulator 2b; the modulated optical signals at the output end of the double-drive double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulation 2 enter a photoelectric detector 3 to carry out square-rate detection and convert the square-rate detection into electric signals; the detected and generated electric signal passes through a band-pass filter 4 to obtain a chirp radar signal with adjustable duty ratio.
In the present embodiment, the main dc bias of the dual-drive dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator 2 is set to V π The dc bias of the upper arm sub-modulator 2a is set to 2V π The DC bias of the lower arm sub-modulator 2b is set to 2V π ，V π Is a half-wave voltage of the dual-drive dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator 2 and the sub-modulator.
In this embodiment, the carrier frequencies, bandwidths and amplitudes of the two paths of chirp signals generated by the arbitrary waveform generator 6 are equal.
In the present embodiment, the amplitude of the chirp signal and the amplitude of the digital signal satisfy: gamma = pi/2,2J 0 (m) =1; wherein γ=pi V 1 /V π For the modulation factor of the digital signal, m=pi V 2 /V π For the modulation factor of the chirp signal, V 1 、V 2 Amplitude of digital signal and chirp signal, respectively, J n () Representing a first type of bessel function.
In this embodiment, the upper arm sub-modulator 2a outputs a digital signal modulated by an optical carrier and the optical carrier, and the lower arm sub-modulator 2b outputs a chirp signal suppressing an odd sideband; the optical carrier components output by the upper arm sub-modulator 2a and the lower arm sub-modulator 2b are equal in size and opposite in direction.
In the present embodiment, the optical carrier output from the dual-drive dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator 2 is suppressed, and the output signal includes a digital signal subjected to optical carrier modulation, chirped sidebands of positive and negative second orders, and a clutter signal of higher order.
The embodiment provides a method for generating a duty ratio adjustable frequency multiplication bandwidth chirp radar signal corresponding to the system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, an optical signal generated by a continuous optical laser is directly input into a double-drive double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (DP-MZM) and respectively enters into a first double-drive Mach-Zehnder modulator (DDMZM) of an upper arm sub-modulator and a second DDMZM of a lower arm sub-modulator;
s2, a digital signal generator is used as a digital signal source to generate a digital signal and input the digital signal into one radio frequency input port of the first DDMZM, and the other radio frequency input port of the first DDMZM is empty;
s3, using an arbitrary waveform generator as a chirp signal source to generate two paths of chirp signals with initial phase difference of 180 degrees, and respectively inputting the two paths of chirp signals into two radio frequency input ports of a second DDMZM;
s4, enabling signals at the output end of the DP-MZM to enter a photoelectric detector for square rate detection and conversion into electric signals;
s5, the generated electric signal enters a band-pass filter to filter out unnecessary frequency components, and the frequency multiplication multiple bandwidth chirp radar signal with the adjustable duty ratio is obtained.
Steps S1 to S5 are signal transmission processes, and the specific technical principle is as follows:
the expression for the input optical signal is assumed to be:
Figure BDA0004176140470000051
E 0 and omega 0 The amplitude and the angular frequency of the laser signal are respectively, and the digital signal is V 1 s(t)，V 1 And s (t) are the amplitude and polarity of the digital signal, respectively, the chirp signal is V 2 cos(ω m t+kt 2 )，V 2 、ω m And k are the amplitude, angular frequency, and chirp rate of the chirp signal, respectively.
The expression of the optical signal output by the first DDMZM of the sub-modulator is as follows:
Figure BDA0004176140470000061
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
Figure BDA0004176140470000062
for the phase shift caused by the dc bias of the first DDMZM, γ=pi V 1 /V π Is the modulation factor of the digital signal, V π Is the half-wave voltage of the modulator.
The expression of the optical signal output by the second DDMZM of the sub-modulator is as follows:
Figure BDA0004176140470000063
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
Figure BDA0004176140470000064
for the phase shift caused by the dc bias of the second DDMZM, m=pi V 2 /V π Is the modulation factor of the chirp signal. J (J) n () Representing a first type of bessel function.
The optical field expression of the optical signal output by the dual-drive dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator DP-MZM is:
Figure BDA0004176140470000065
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
Figure BDA0004176140470000066
phase shift caused by dc bias for DP-MZM. Setting phi 3 ＝π，2J 0 (m) =1, the light field output by the modulator can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0004176140470000067
after passing through the photodetector, the center frequency is removed at 2ω by filtering with a bandpass filter 1 Noise components other than the chirp signal at the point, the final generated signal is:
I all-out ∝J 2 (m)cos(2ω 1 t+2kt 2 ) cos (jγs (t)) (5) let γ=pi/2, then control s (t) is available
Figure BDA0004176140470000071
The chirp signal of the double frequency and double bandwidth is successfully generated, and the on-off of the signal can be controlled by controlling the polarity of the input digital signal s (t). The signal is on when s (t) =0, and the signal is off when s (t) =1.
By adopting the scheme, if the period of the input chirp signal is T/10, 10 digital signals with the symbol length of T/10 and the polarity of [ 11 11 10 11 11 ] can be input while the chirp signals with the time width of T, the carrier frequency of C and the bandwidth of B are input, and finally the chirp pulses with the time width of T, the carrier frequency of 2C, the bandwidth of B and the duty ratio of 1/10 are successfully generated; if the polarity of the 10 input symbols is [ 11 11 00 0 11 1], the duty ratio of the chirp pulse generated finally is 3/10; if the input 10 symbols have a polarity of [ 11 10 00 00 11 ], the duty cycle of the resulting chirped pulse is 1/2.
In a preferred embodiment, T is 1 μs, C is 2.5GHz and B is 0.5GHz. Thirty digital code elements with the time width of 0.1 mu s and the polarity of [ 11 11 10 11 11 1 11 10 00 11 11 11 00 00 0 11 ] are continuously input, and finally three chirp signals with the time width of T, the center frequency of 5GHz, the bandwidth of 1GHz and the duty ratio of 1/10, 3/10 and 1/2 are continuously generated. Of course, the values of C, B and T and the length and polarity of the input digital symbols may be selected according to actual needs.
The invention adopts the chirp signal with carrier frequency of C and bandwidth of B and the baseband digital signal to generate the chirp signal with carrier frequency of 2C and bandwidth of 2B, and the duty ratio of the generated chirp signal can be adjusted or customized at will.
The method solves the problem that the duty ratio of the radar pulse in the existing radar signal generating system is not easy to adjust, and remarkably improves the time bandwidth product of the generated radar detection signal, thereby greatly improving the performance of the pulse radar detection system; meanwhile, the device has the advantages of simple structure and easy operation; in addition, the carrier frequency and the bandwidth of the generated chirp signal are doubled, so that the time-bandwidth product of the generated chirp radar detection signal is obviously improved, and the performance of the chirp radar detection system is greatly improved.
Note that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and the technical principle applied. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, while the invention has been described in connection with the above embodiments, the invention is not limited to the embodiments, but may be embodied in many other equivalent forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, which is set forth in the following claims.

Claims (7)

1. The system for generating the chirp radar signal with the adjustable duty ratio is characterized by comprising a continuous optical laser (1), a dual-drive dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (2), a photoelectric detector (3), a band-pass filter (4), a digital signal generator (5) and an arbitrary waveform generator (6); the dual-drive dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (2) comprises an upper arm sub-modulator (2 a) and a lower arm sub-modulator (2 b); an optical signal generated by the continuous optical laser (1) is input into an upper arm sub-modulator (2 a) and a lower arm sub-modulator (2 b) of the dual-drive dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulation (2); the digital signal generator (5) generates a digital signal and inputs the digital signal into one radio frequency input port of the upper arm sub-modulator (2 a), and the other radio frequency input port of the upper arm sub-modulator (2 a) is empty; the arbitrary waveform generator (6) generates two baseband chirp signals with an initial phase difference of 180 degrees and respectively inputs the two baseband chirp signals into two radio frequency input ports of the lower arm sub-modulator (2 b); the modulated optical signals at the output end of the double-drive double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulation (2) enter a photoelectric detector (3) to carry out square rate detection and are converted into electric signals; the detected electric signal passes through a band-pass filter (4) to obtain the chirp radar signal with adjustable duty ratio.
2. The system for generating a duty-cycle adjustable chirp radar signal as claimed in claim 1 wherein said dual driveThe main DC bias of the dual parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (2) is set to V π The DC bias of the upper arm sub-modulator (2 a) is set to 2V π The DC bias of the lower arm sub-modulator (2 b) is set to 2V π ，V π Half-wave voltages for the dual-drive dual-parallel mach-zehnder modulator (2) and the upper arm sub-modulator (2 a) or the lower arm sub-modulator (2 b).
3. A system for generating a duty cycle adjustable chirp radar signal as claimed in claim 1 characterized in that the carrier frequency, bandwidth and amplitude of the two chirp signals generated by the arbitrary waveform generator (6) are equal.
4. A duty cycle adjustable chirp radar signal generation system as claimed in claim 3 wherein the amplitude of the chirp signal and the amplitude of the digital signal satisfy: gamma = pi/2,2J 0 (m) =1; wherein γ=pi V 1 /V π For the modulation factor of the digital signal, m=pi V 2 /V π For the modulation factor of the chirp signal, V 1 、V 2 Amplitude of digital signal and chirp signal, respectively, J n () Representing a first type of bessel function.
5. A duty-cycle adjustable chirp radar signal generating system as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the upper arm sub-modulator (2 a) outputs a digital signal modulated by an optical carrier and the optical carrier, and the lower arm sub-modulator (2 b) outputs a chirp signal suppressing odd sidebands; the optical carrier components output by the upper arm sub-modulator (2 a) and the lower arm sub-modulator (2 b) are equal in size and opposite in direction.
6. A duty cycle adjustable chirp radar signal generating system as claimed in claims 1-5 characterized in that the optical carrier output by said dual drive dual parallel mach-zehnder modulator (2) is suppressed and the output signal comprises a digital signal modulated by the optical carrier, chirped sidebands of positive and negative second order and a clutter signal of higher order.
7. The method for generating the chirp radar signal with the adjustable duty ratio is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, inputting an optical signal generated by a continuous optical laser (1) into an upper arm sub-modulator (2 a) and a lower arm sub-modulator (2 b) of a dual-drive dual-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulator (2);
s2, a digital signal generator (5) generates a digital signal and inputs the digital signal into one radio frequency input port of the upper arm sub-modulator (2 a), and the other radio frequency input port of the upper arm sub-modulator (2 a) is empty;
s3, generating two baseband chirp signals with an initial phase difference of 180 degrees by the arbitrary waveform generator (6) and respectively inputting the two baseband chirp signals into two radio frequency input ports of the lower arm sub-modulator (2 b);
s4, a modulated optical signal at the output end of the double-drive double-parallel Mach-Zehnder modulation (2) enters a photoelectric detector (3) to carry out square rate detection and is converted into an electric signal;
s5, the detected and generated electric signal passes through a band-pass filter (4) to obtain the chirp radar signal with adjustable duty ratio.
CN202310391880.9A 2023-04-04 2023-04-04 System and method for generating chirp radar signal with adjustable duty ratio Pending CN116430325A (en)

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