CN116428742A - Heat exchange single tube, horizontal flow direction membrane type wall hearth and circulating fluidized bed furnace - Google Patents

Heat exchange single tube, horizontal flow direction membrane type wall hearth and circulating fluidized bed furnace Download PDF

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CN116428742A
CN116428742A CN202310319993.8A CN202310319993A CN116428742A CN 116428742 A CN116428742 A CN 116428742A CN 202310319993 A CN202310319993 A CN 202310319993A CN 116428742 A CN116428742 A CN 116428742A
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wall
membrane
heat exchange
type wall
membrane type
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丁泽华
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/0007—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed
    • F22B31/0015—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus with combustion in a fluidized bed for boilers of the water tube type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B31/00—Modifications of boiler construction, or of tube systems, dependent on installation of combustion apparatus; Arrangements of dispositions of combustion apparatus
    • F22B31/08—Installation of heat-exchange apparatus or of means in boilers for heating air supplied for combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B37/00—Component parts or details of steam boilers
    • F22B37/02—Component parts or details of steam boilers applicable to more than one kind or type of steam boiler
    • F22B37/10—Water tubes; Accessories therefor
    • F22B37/14—Supply mains, e.g. rising mains, down-comers, in connection with water tubes
    • F22B37/143—Panel shaped heating surfaces built up from tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/02—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed
    • F23C10/04—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone
    • F23C10/08—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases
    • F23C10/10—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus with means specially adapted for achieving or promoting a circulating movement of particles within the bed or for a recirculation of particles entrained from the bed the particles being circulated to a section, e.g. a heat-exchange section or a return duct, at least partially shielded from the combustion zone, before being reintroduced into the combustion zone characterised by the arrangement of separation apparatus, e.g. cyclones, for separating particles from the flue gases the separation apparatus being located outside the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
    • F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H3/00—Air heaters
    • F24H3/008—Air heaters using solid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
    • F24H7/007—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release using solid fuel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat exchange single tube, a horizontal flow direction membrane type wall hearth and a circulating fluidized bed furnace. The invention completely solves the problem that the heating furnace of the heat carrier cannot use the circulating fluidized bed structure due to abrasion; the volume pipe distribution rate of the hearth is increased, the height of the circulating fluidized bed is reduced, the manufacture is convenient, and the diaphragm-type wall hearth is supported by the diaphragm-type wall of the outer wall; the multi-purpose boiler can be realized easily, and the multi-purpose boiler can be used as a steam boiler and a heat carrier furnace or a gas heating furnace in one boiler, and the heat exchange area of each user can be flexibly arranged in one boiler according to the characteristics of each heat user; by increasing the arrangement area of the hearth, the temperature of the hearth smoke outlet is reduced, and the problem that the heat exchange surface of the flue at the rear part of the circulating fluidized bed furnace is frequently blocked by the wall is solved; the temperature of the flue gas outlet is reduced, so that the volume flow of the flue gas can be reduced, the cyclone separation efficiency can be improved, and the heat transfer coefficient can be improved; the secondary combustion in the cyclone separator is avoided to generate coking blockage, the cyclone does not need jacket cooling, and the starting heating time is reduced.

Description

Heat exchange single tube, horizontal flow direction membrane type wall hearth and circulating fluidized bed furnace
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of circulating fluidized bed boilers, and particularly relates to a heat exchange single tube, a horizontal flow direction membrane type wall hearth and a circulating fluidized bed furnace.
Background
The biomass energy is a renewable energy source, so that the source is quite rich. It is the fourth energy in the world's energy consumption next to coal, oil and gas. Currently, biomass fuel consumption has been 14% of the total world energy consumption, and this proportion reaches 38% in developing countries. World food and agricultural lead organization (FAO) predicts that by 2050, renewable energy, primarily biomass energy, will provide 60% of the world's electricity and 40% of the fuel at a lower price than fossil fuels. The development and utilization of biomass fuels has become a worldwide consensus. Among the numerous biomass energy conversion technologies, direct combustion is one of the most practical ways to efficiently utilize biomass resources, and circulating fluidized bed combustion technology has been receiving attention from various countries due to its unique advantages that are incomparable with other combustion technologies in terms of alternative fuels, treatment of various wastes, and environmental protection.
Biomass furnace selection
1. Pure-burning biomass water-cooling vibrating grate
Biomass is burned in a furnace at a low temperature of 600-700 ℃, alkali metal salt is decomposed and separated out through low-temperature combustion, the blocking of a rear flue is reduced, the method is suitable for medium-temperature low-medium-pressure steam boilers, equipment investment is large, mechanical faults are many, combustion heat efficiency is lower than that of a circulating fluidized bed by more than 15%, and the investment ratio of a molten salt heating furnace with the operating medium temperature up to more than 430 ℃ is multiplied compared with that of a steam boiler with the same heat.
2. Biomass is gasified and then burned
The biomass is gasified by the chain grate furnace, the tar is removed by washing the fuel gas, and then the fuel gas is sent to the combustion furnace, so that the environmental protection problem of tar wastewater treatment exists, and the investment is larger than that of a direct-fired vibrating grate, and the thermal efficiency is lower.
The output of the two furnaces is sensitive to the change of the moisture of the fuel.
3. Pure-burning biomass circulating fluidized bed
The pure-burning biomass circulating fluidized bed steam boiler has mature technology, but has shorter operation period than the coal-burning circulating fluidized bed boiler.
In view of the series of technical and economic advantages of circulating fluidized bed boilers over grate furnaces: the construction cost is low; the fuel adaptability is strong; the operation is not limited by the supply of biomass fuel; the operation is safe and reliable; the economy is good; the circulating fluidized bed for burning the biomass is the best biomass utilization mode suitable for China's conditions.
However, the structure of the molten salt heating furnace or the heat conduction oil furnace is completely different from that of the steam boiler, the structure is determined by the characteristics of heat transfer media, the water cooling wall of the steam boiler is in heat transfer by gasifying water, the latent heat of gasifying the water is large, the flow rate requirement on the water in the pipe is very low, and the water is gasified to easily form a self-circulation loop of the water, so that the pipe cannot be overheated and damaged as long as the steam drum has the liquid level; the molten salt and the heat conducting oil transfer heat by means of temperature difference, the heat conducting medium has high flow rate requirement, the metal pipe is overheated and damaged due to high temperature in the place with low flow rate, especially when the molten salt heating furnace is required to stop, the molten salt in the pipe can completely withdraw the salt tank, otherwise, the molten salt in the pipe is solidified and blocked due to low temperature in the stopping period, so that the U-shaped pipe type low position cannot appear in the structure of the molten salt heating pipe, the U-shaped pipe type low position cannot be vertically arranged like a steam boiler, and the trend of the pipe is consistent with the flow direction of circulating particles in the furnace; the molten salt pipe can only run horizontally or slightly inclined horizontally, so that a larger impact angle exists between the flow direction of circulating particles in the furnace and the wall surface of the pipe, and the pipe is quickly worn, which is the root cause of the fact that the heat carrier furnace has no fluidized bed structure in the world.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a tube structure which is horizontally arranged in the fluidized bed and can form a membrane wall, so that the difficult problem of using the fluidized bed structure in the heat carrier heating furnace is completely solved, and a new application way is opened for the application of low-cost biomass fuel. The fused salt furnace or the heat conduction oil furnace adopts a pure-burned biomass circulating fluidized bed structure, and the defect of scarring of a heat exchange surface due to low melting point of biomass ash is completely solved; the circulating fluidized bed molten salt furnace, the heat conduction oil furnace or the steam boiler adopts the membrane type wall pipe structure, so that the abrasion problem of horizontal arrangement of pipes is completely solved; due to the adoption of the unique membrane type wall pipe structure, the pipe distribution rate of unit volume in the furnace is greatly improved, a large number of heat exchange surfaces can be arranged in the furnace, the heat transfer surface of a rear flue is reduced, the temperature of the hearth flue gas outlet is reduced to about 450 ℃, and the temperature of the hearth flue gas outlet is lower than that of the existing biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler by more than 300 ℃. Due to the lower furnace flue gas outlet temperature, the gaseous alkali metal salt which is pyrolyzed and separated out during the combustion of biomass is crystallized and separated out on a heat exchange surface in the furnace to become solid, meanwhile, the adhesion of crystals on the heat exchange surface is not caused due to the friction of circulating particles, and the corrosion of the alkali metal salt to the high-temperature heat exchange surface is greatly reduced. The alkali metal salt crystallized in the furnace is brought into the rear flue in a solid state, so that the crystallization blockage on the heat exchange surface of the rear flue is greatly reduced, the operation period of the system is prolonged, and the system is theoretically higher than that of the current biomass circulating fluidized bed steam boiler.
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: how to use the fluidized bed structure of the molten salt furnace or the heat conduction oil furnace, in order to solve the problems, a heat exchange single tube, a horizontal flow membrane type wall hearth and a circulating fluidized bed furnace are provided.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is realized in the following way:
the utility model provides a heat exchange single tube, includes the heat exchange single tube, the centre of heat exchange single tube is hollow circle, and hollow circle is the heat transfer medium passageway, and the upper and lower both sides of heat exchange single tube are the concave surface, and the cross-section height h of heat exchange single tube is more than or equal to 2 rather than width a's ratio.
The section height h=2a+b of the heat exchange single tube is in the range of 1-2 mm.
The horizontal flow direction diaphragm type wall hearth comprises a diaphragm type wall hearth body, wherein the diaphragm type wall hearth body comprises an outer wall diaphragm type wall and a partition wall diaphragm type wall which is connected with the outer wall diaphragm type wall in parallel, the outer wall diaphragm type wall comprises a front side diaphragm type wall, a rear side diaphragm type wall, a left side diaphragm type wall and a right side diaphragm type wall, and the front side diaphragm type wall, the rear side diaphragm type wall, the left side diaphragm type wall and the right side diaphragm type wall are connected in parallel;
the structure of the left membrane wall is consistent with that of the right membrane wall, the left membrane wall and the right membrane wall are formed by correspondingly splicing the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the heat exchange single tube, the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the heat exchange single tube are respectively provided with corresponding gaps, and the gaps on the upper side surface and the lower side surface form a mounting opening;
the front side membrane wall and the rear side membrane wall are consistent in structure, the front side membrane wall and the rear side membrane wall are formed by correspondingly splicing the upper side surface and the lower side surface of a heat exchange single tube, two ends of the heat exchange single tube are respectively provided with a connector, the external dimension of each connector is consistent with the dimension of each mounting opening, and each mounting opening is used for assembling and matching a membrane wall hearth with each connector;
the structure of the partition wall membrane wall is consistent with that of the front side membrane wall and the rear side membrane wall, and the connection mode is consistent, and the partition wall membrane wall is arranged in the outer wall membrane wall.
The length of the joint is greater than or equal to the width a of the heat exchange single tube.
One or more heat exchange single pipes in the membrane wall hearth are a lead, the heat exchange single pipes in the same lead are connected in parallel, and the upper and lower adjacent leads are connected in series.
The utility model provides a circulating fluidized bed furnace, includes diaphragm type wall furnace, diaphragm type wall furnace's lower part sets up dense phase combustion section, and dense phase combustion section sets up feed arrangement, ash removal device and air-blower respectively, and cyclone's entry is connected to diaphragm type wall furnace's side, cyclone's exit linkage afterbody flue, cyclone's ash bucket connect dense phase combustion section, sets up heat transfer apparatus in the afterbody flue, and afterbody flue's end sets up the draught fan.
The membrane type wall hearth is divided into an upper section a, a middle section a and a lower section a, a steam drum is arranged at the upper part of the membrane type wall hearth, an outer wall membrane wall a of the upper section a, an outer wall membrane wall b of the middle section a, an outer wall membrane wall c of the lower section a and a partition wall membrane wall b are all connected with the steam drum to form an evaporation self-circulation loop of water, the upper half part of the partition wall membrane wall c of the middle section a is a low-temperature superheater, the lower half part of the partition wall membrane wall c of the middle section a is a high-temperature superheater, the low-temperature superheater is connected with a temperature regulator, the temperature regulator is connected with a high-temperature superheater, the high-temperature superheater is connected with an external functional device, the external functional device is connected with the steam drum, and an upper lead and a lower lead adjacent membrane type in the partition wall c adopt a series connection mode.
The lower section a is provided with partition membrane type walls f, and the number of the partition membrane type walls f is at least 1.
The membrane type wall hearth is divided into an upper section b, a middle section b and a lower section b, an outer wall membrane wall d of the upper section b and an outer wall membrane wall e of the middle section b are connected in parallel with a partition wall membrane wall e and an outer wall membrane wall f of the lower section b, heat transfer medium is molten salt or heat transfer oil, and the partition wall membrane wall d of the upper section b is connected with other heat transfer medium devices.
The dense-phase combustion section takes coal, biomass or a mixture of coal and biomass as fuel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following benefits: 1. the problem that the circulating fluidized bed structure cannot be used due to abrasion of the heat carrier heating furnace is completely solved; 2. the volume pipe distribution rate of the hearth is increased, the height of the circulating fluidized bed is reduced, the manufacture is convenient, the diaphragm type wall hearth is supported by the diaphragm type wall outside the self-body, unlike a suspension type hearth, the workload of site construction is greatly reduced, the sectional manufacturing site assembly is realized, and the manufacturing cost of equipment is reduced; 3. the multi-purpose boiler can be realized easily, the multi-purpose boiler can be used as a steam boiler and a heat carrier boiler or a gas heating furnace in one boiler, the heat exchange area of each user is flexibly arranged in one boiler according to the characteristics of each heat user, the secondary heating is avoided, and the equipment investment and the heat loss are reduced; 4. by increasing the arrangement area of the hearth, the temperature of the hearth smoke outlet is reduced, and the problem that the heat exchange surface of the rear flue of the biomass circulating fluidized bed boiler and the heat carrier circulating fluidized bed boiler is frequently blocked is solved; 5. the temperature of the flue gas outlet is reduced, so that the volume flow of the flue gas can be reduced, the cyclone size is reduced, the cyclone separation efficiency is improved, the circulating bed material particles are finer, and the heat transfer coefficient is improved; the secondary combustion in the cyclone separator is avoided to generate coking and blocking, the cyclone does not need jacket cooling, the material requirement and manufacturing difficulty of the cyclone separator are reduced, and the starting heating time is shortened.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural view of a heat exchange single tube.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a heat exchange single tube.
Fig. 3 is a view showing the structure of the left side film wall (right side film wall).
Fig. 4 is a view showing the structure of the front side film wall (rear side film wall).
Fig. 5 is a view of the structure of the outer wall film type wall.
Fig. 6 is a structural view of the partition membrane wall disposed in the outer wall membrane wall.
Fig. 7 is a view showing a connection manner between heat exchange single tubes.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a circulating fluidized bed steam boiler, which is an example of a steam boiler of 160 tons, 9.8MPa and 540 ℃.
FIG. 9 is a view showing a construction of a heat carrier circulating fluidized bed furnace, taking a 600 Kcal/h molten salt furnace for a melamine plant as an example.
Wherein 1 is a heat exchange single tube; 2 is a hollow circle; 3 is a concave surface; 4 is a notch; 5 is a mounting port; 6 is a linker; 7 is the left side membrane wall; 8 is a front side membrane wall; 9 is the right side membrane wall; 10 is a rear side membrane wall; 11 is a partition membrane wall; 12 is a header tube; 13 is a drum; 14 is a cyclone separator; 15 is a heat exchange device; 16 is an induced draft fan; 17 is a blower; 18 is a dense phase combustion section; 19 is a feeding device; 20 is the upper section a;21 is a middle section a;22 is an outer wall film wall b;23 is a partition film wall c;24 is a partition membrane wall b;25 is the lower section a;26 is an outer wall film wall d;27 is a partition membrane wall d;28 is the upper section b;29 is a middle section b;30 is an outer wall film wall e;31 is a partition membrane wall e;32 is the lower section b;33 is an outer wall film wall f.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if an orientation or positional relationship such as upper, lower, front, rear, left, right, etc. is referred to in the description of the present invention, it is merely for convenience of description and simplification of the description, and does not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, a number means one or more, a number means two or more, and greater than, less than, exceeding, etc. are understood to not include the present number, and above, below, within, etc. are understood to include the present number. The description of the first and second is for the purpose of distinguishing between technical features only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated or implicitly indicating the precedence of the technical features indicated.
The invention will now be further described with reference to examples, figures:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the heat exchange single tube comprises a heat exchange single tube 1, wherein the middle of the heat exchange single tube 1 is a hollow circle 2, the hollow circle 2 is a heat transfer medium channel, the upper side and the lower side of the heat exchange single tube 1 are concave surfaces 3, and the ratio of the section height h of the heat exchange single tube 1 to the width a of the heat exchange single tube 1 is more than or equal to 2. The section height h=2a+b of the heat exchange single tube 1 is in the range of 1-2 mm. The hollow circle 2 is a heat transfer medium channel, the tube is made by cold drawing of a professional manufacturer, and the section width a of the heat exchange single tube is preferably 38-54 mm.
As shown in fig. 3 to 7, a horizontal flow direction membrane type wall furnace comprises a membrane type wall furnace, the membrane type wall furnace comprises an outer wall membrane wall and a partition wall membrane wall 11 connected with the outer wall membrane wall in parallel, the outer wall membrane wall and the outer wall membrane wall can be connected in parallel through a header pipe 12, the outer wall membrane wall comprises a front side membrane wall 8, a rear side membrane wall 10, a left side membrane wall 7 and a right side membrane wall 9, and the front side membrane wall 8, the rear side membrane wall 10, the left side membrane wall 7 and the right side membrane wall 9 are connected in parallel through the header pipe 12, and the outer wall membrane wall is rectangular in shape.
The structure of the left membrane wall 7 is consistent with that of the right membrane wall 9, the left membrane wall 7 and the right membrane wall 9 are formed by correspondingly splicing the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the heat exchange single tube 1, the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the heat exchange single tube 1 are respectively provided with corresponding notches 4, and the notches 4 of the upper side surface and the lower side surface form a mounting opening 5.
The structure of the front side film wall 8 is consistent with that of the rear side film wall 10, the front side film wall 8 and the rear side film wall 10 are formed by correspondingly splicing the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the heat exchange single tube 1, the two ends of the heat exchange single tube 1 are respectively provided with a connector 6, the external dimension of the connector 6 is consistent with that of the mounting opening 5, and the mounting opening 5 and the connector 6 are used for assembling and matching of a film wall hearth. The shape of the connector 6 and the mounting opening 5 can be cylindrical, square or other shapes, so long as the connector 6 and the mounting opening 5 can be matched for use, and meanwhile, the use of the membrane type wall hearth is not affected.
The partition wall membrane wall 11 has the same structure and the same connection manner as the front membrane wall 8 and the rear membrane wall 10, that is, how the front membrane wall 8 or the rear membrane wall 10 is connected to the front membrane wall 8 and the rear membrane wall 10, and how the partition wall membrane wall 11 is connected to the front membrane wall 8 and the rear membrane wall 10, and the partition wall membrane wall 11 is provided inside the outer wall membrane wall.
The length of the joint 6 is larger than or equal to the width a of the heat exchange single tube 1. One or more heat exchange single pipes 1 in the membrane type wall hearth are a lead, the heat exchange single pipes 1 in the same lead are connected in parallel, and the upper and lower adjacent leads are connected in series. In practical application, leads adjacent to each other up and down are generally connected in series, and basically no parallel connection is used.
As shown in fig. 8-9, a circulating fluidized bed furnace comprises a film type wall hearth, wherein a dense-phase combustion section 18 is arranged at the lower part of the film type wall hearth, a feeding device 19, an ash removing device and a blower 17 are respectively arranged at the dense-phase combustion section 18, the side surface of the film type wall hearth is connected with the inlet of a cyclone separator 14, the outlet of the cyclone separator 14 is connected with a tail flue, an ash bucket of the cyclone separator 14 is connected with the dense-phase combustion section 18, heat exchange equipment 15 is arranged in the tail flue, and an induced draft fan 16 is arranged at the tail end of the tail flue.
As shown in fig. 8, when the circulating fluidized bed boiler is used, the membrane type wall furnace is divided into an upper section a20, a middle section a21 and a lower section a25, a steam drum 13 is arranged at the upper part of the membrane type wall furnace, the outer wall membrane wall a of the upper section a20, the outer wall membrane wall a of the middle section a21, the outer wall membrane wall b22 of the lower section a25 and the partition wall membrane wall b24 (used for a large-scale boiler) are used as a vaporization heating surface parallel combination, and all the vaporization heating surfaces are connected with the steam drum 13 to form a water vaporization self-circulation loop. The upper half part of the partition wall film type wall c23 of the middle section a21 is a low-temperature superheater, the lower half part is a high-temperature superheater, the low-temperature superheater is connected with a temperature regulator, the temperature regulator is connected with the high-temperature superheater, the high-temperature superheater is connected with an external functional device, and the external functional device is connected with the steam drum 13. The external functional device may be an evaporation generator set, which generates electricity from steam. The upper and lower adjacent leads of the partition wall film wall c23 are connected in series in an upper inlet and lower outlet mode, the partition wall film wall c23 determines the number of single heat exchange single tubes 1 in the partition wall film wall c23 and the number of parallel partition wall film walls c23 according to flow and allowable resistance, and the number of leads connected in series up and down is determined according to the steam temperature requirement.
The lower section a25 can adopt 1-2 partition membrane type walls f under the condition of ensuring the combustion residence time, and is used for increasing the heated area of evaporation.
As shown in fig. 9, when the circulating fluidized bed molten salt furnace or the heat conducting oil furnace is used, the film type wall furnace is divided into an upper section b28, a middle section b29 and a lower section b32, an outer wall film wall d26 of the upper section b28, an outer wall film wall e30 of the middle section b29 and an outer wall film wall e31 of the lower section b32 are connected in parallel, a heat transfer medium in parallel between the outer wall film wall d26 of the upper section b28, the outer wall film wall e30 of the middle section b29 and the outer wall film wall e31 of the lower section b32 is molten salt or heat conducting oil, and a partition film wall d27 of the upper section b28 is connected with other heat transfer medium devices. The other heat transfer medium devices can be filled with heat transfer medium except molten salt or heat conducting oil, the film walls of the same medium non-phase change heat transfer are connected in series by adopting the upper and lower leads of the film walls of the same vertical plane according to the temperature requirement of the medium, the film walls in the horizontal direction are connected in parallel, the quantity of heat exchange single tubes 1 with one lead and the quantity of partition wall film walls e31 connected in parallel are optimally determined according to the flow and resistance requirement of the molten salt or the heat conducting oil for heating the molten salt or the heat conducting oil medium,
the dense phase combustion section 18 is fuelled with coal, biomass or a mixture of coal and biomass.
According to different characteristics of heat users, the multi-purpose sectional arrangement of one furnace is easy to realize, different partition membrane type walls 11 can adopt different heat transfer media, multiple heat transfer media can be directly adopted in one furnace for heat exchange, the sectional arrangement is carried out according to the temperature of the media, and a low-temperature medium is arranged under an upper high-temperature medium, so that secondary heat exchange can be reduced, the heat efficiency is improved, and the equipment investment is reduced; the furnace flue gas outlet temperature is reduced to about 450 ℃ and enters the cyclone separator 14, so that the volume flow of flue gas can be reduced, the cyclone size is reduced, the cyclone separation efficiency is improved, the circulating bed material particles are finer, the heat transfer coefficient is improved, coking and blocking caused by secondary combustion in the cyclone separator 14 are avoided, the cyclone does not need jacket cooling, the material requirement and manufacturing difficulty of the cyclone separator 14 are reduced, the starting heating time is shortened, the wall blocking of a rear flue heat exchange surface is reduced, and the running period of the whole furnace is effectively prolonged.
Table 1160t/h, 9.8MPa, 540 ℃ steam boiler furnace area calculation
Figure BDA0004151344180000071
Figure BDA0004151344180000081
Figure BDA0004151344180000091
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several changes and modifications can be made without departing from the general inventive concept, and these should also be regarded as the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a heat exchange single tube, includes heat exchange single tube (1), its characterized in that, the centre of heat exchange single tube (1) is hollow circle (2), and hollow circle (2) are heat transfer medium passageway, and the upper and lower both sides of heat exchange single tube (1) are concave surface (3), and the cross-section height h of heat exchange single tube (1) is more than or equal to 2 rather than width a's ratio.
2. A heat exchange single tube according to claim 1, characterized in that the cross-sectional height h = 2a+b, b of the heat exchange single tube (1) is in the range 1-2 mm.
3. The horizontal flow direction membrane type wall hearth comprises the membrane type wall hearth according to any one of claims 1-2, and is characterized by comprising an outer wall membrane type wall and a partition membrane type wall (11) connected with the outer wall membrane type wall in parallel, wherein the outer wall membrane type wall comprises a front side membrane type wall (8), a rear side membrane type wall (10), a left side membrane type wall (7) and a right side membrane type wall (9), and the front side membrane type wall (8), the rear side membrane type wall (10), the left side membrane type wall (7) and the right side membrane type wall (9) are connected in parallel;
the structure of the left membrane wall (7) is consistent with that of the right membrane wall (9), the left membrane wall (7) and the right membrane wall (9) are formed by correspondingly splicing the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the heat exchange single tube (1), the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the heat exchange single tube (1) are respectively provided with corresponding notches (4), and the notches (4) on the upper side surface and the lower side surface form a mounting port (5);
the front side membrane wall (8) and the rear side membrane wall (10) are consistent in structure, the front side membrane wall (8) and the rear side membrane wall (10) are formed by correspondingly splicing the upper side surface and the lower side surface of the heat exchange single tube (1), two ends of the heat exchange single tube (1) are respectively provided with a connector (6), the external dimension of the connector (6) is consistent with the dimension of the mounting opening (5), and the mounting opening (5) and the connectors (6) are used for assembling and matching of a membrane type wall hearth;
the structure of the partition membrane type wall (11) is consistent with that of the front side membrane type wall (8) and the rear side membrane type wall (10), and the partition membrane type wall (11) is arranged in the outer wall membrane type wall.
4. A horizontal flow-through membrane-type wall furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that the length of the joint (6) is equal to or greater than the width a of the heat exchange single tube (1).
5. A horizontal flow-through membrane wall furnace according to claim 3, characterized in that one or more heat exchange single tubes (1) in the membrane wall furnace are of a lead, the heat exchange single tubes (1) in the same lead are connected in parallel, and the upper and lower adjacent leads are connected in series.
6. The circulating fluidized bed furnace is characterized by comprising a film type wall furnace, wherein a dense-phase combustion section (18) is arranged at the lower part of the film type wall furnace, a feeding device (19), a dust removing device and a blower (17) are respectively arranged at the dense-phase combustion section (18), the side surface of the film type wall furnace is connected with an inlet of a cyclone separator (14), an outlet of the cyclone separator (14) is connected with a tail flue, an ash bucket of the cyclone separator (14) is connected with the dense-phase combustion section (18), heat exchange equipment (15) is arranged in the tail flue, and an induced draft fan (16) is arranged at the tail end of the tail flue.
7. The circulating fluidized bed furnace according to claim 6, wherein the membrane type wall furnace is divided into an upper section a (20), a middle section a (21) and a lower section a (25), a steam drum (13) is arranged at the upper part of the membrane type wall furnace, an outer wall membrane wall a of the upper section a (20), an outer wall membrane wall b (22) of the partition membrane type wall a and the middle section a (21), an outer wall membrane wall c of the lower section a (25) and the partition membrane type wall b (24) are all connected with the steam drum (13) to form an evaporation self-circulation loop of water, the upper half part of the partition membrane type wall c (23) of the middle section a (21) is a low-temperature superheater, the lower half part is a high-temperature superheater, the low-temperature superheater is connected with a temperature regulator, the high-temperature superheater is connected with an external functional device, the external functional device is connected with the steam drum (13), and a series connection mode of upper inlet and lower outlet is adopted between adjacent leads in the upper section and lower section of the membrane type wall c (23).
8. A circulating fluidized bed furnace according to claim 7, characterized in that partition membrane walls f are provided in the lower section a (25), the number of partition membrane walls f being at least 1.
9. A circulating fluidized bed furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that the membrane type wall furnace is divided into an upper section b (28), a middle section b (29) and a lower section b (32), the outer wall membrane wall d (26) of the upper section b (28), the outer wall membrane wall e (30) of the middle section b (29) are connected in parallel with the partition wall membrane wall e (31) and the outer wall membrane wall f (33) of the lower section b (32), the heat transfer medium is molten salt or heat transfer oil, and the partition wall membrane wall d (27) of the upper section b (28) is connected with other heat transfer medium devices.
10. A circulating fluidized bed furnace according to claim 6, characterized in that the dense phase combustion section (18) is fuelled with coal, biomass or a mixture of coal and biomass.
CN202310319993.8A 2023-03-29 2023-03-29 Heat exchange single tube, horizontal flow direction membrane type wall hearth and circulating fluidized bed furnace Pending CN116428742A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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CN202310319993.8A CN116428742A (en) 2023-03-29 2023-03-29 Heat exchange single tube, horizontal flow direction membrane type wall hearth and circulating fluidized bed furnace

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310319993.8A CN116428742A (en) 2023-03-29 2023-03-29 Heat exchange single tube, horizontal flow direction membrane type wall hearth and circulating fluidized bed furnace

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CN116428742A true CN116428742A (en) 2023-07-14

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